Elisha Goodman and Wataru Nomura 11.314J/4.214J Water, Landscape, and
Urban Design, Fall 2010 MIT Department of Urban Studies and Planning.
“No Jobs, No Hope”
Connecting Low Income Communities to Green Collar Jobs via Philadelphia’s “Green City - Clean Waters” Plan
Making STORMWATER MANAGEMENT Everybody’s Business Creating Jobs by Bundling Stormwater Management Strategies Water Proofing Buildings + Green Infrastructure Community School as Center of Job Training Program for Local Low Income Residents )JSFTBOE5SBJOT-PDBM-PX*ODPNF3FTJEFOUT t+PC5SBOJOH1SPHSBNT $POEVDUT0VUSFBDIUP1SPQFSUZ0XOFST t&ODPVSBHFQSPQFSUZPXOFSTUPUBLFSFTQPOTJCJMJUZGPSPOTJUF stormwater management strategies t8PSLTIPQT JODFOUJWFT UFDIOJDBMBTTJTUBODFBOEPVUSFBDI
Block-by-block Contest t8JOOJOHCMPDLCFDPNFTQJMPUBOESFDFJWFTGSFFSFUSPöUting, incentivizing participation and increasing buy in PGFOUJSFOFJHICPSIPPE t*OWPMWFCMPDLSFTJEFOUTBOEIJHITDIPPMTUVEFOUTJO UIFQSPDFTTPGQSPQPTBM t3FTJEFOUTUBLFPXOFSTIJQPGTUPSNXBUFSNBOBHFNFOU t5FBNPGQSPGFTTJPOBMTBOEVOJWFSTJUZTUVEFOUTBTTJTU each block t-FWFSBHFGVOETBOESFTPVSDFT
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Rehabilitate Homes Leaky Roofs, Flooding Basements, Subsidence Community School as West Philadelphia’s Hub Block-by-block Implementation in Brown St Transect for Neighborhood-based Green Collar Jobs Increase Care for Public Spaces t&DPOPNJFTPGTDBMFSFEVDFTDPTUT t*ODSFBTFTWJTJCMJUZBOEBEPQUBUJPO Poorly Cared for Public Spaces Increase Jobs, Decrease Crime Unemployment = Crime Transforming the Brown St Transect into the Hub of Stormwater Management t3FQMJDBUF1JMPU5ISPVHIPVU1IJMBEFMQIJB Individuals understand and take ownership of t0UIFS/FJHICPSIPPET$SFBUF$PNNVOJUZ4DIPPM+PC5SBJOJOH$FOUFST water management Low awareness for stormwater management “No Jobs, No Hope” Storm Water Management Creates Jobs on the Brown Street Transect, Mill Creek Neighborhood, West Philadelphia Elisha Goodman and Wataru Nomura 11.314J/4.214J Water, Landscape, and Urban Design, Fall 2010 MIT Department of Urban Studies and Planning
SITE ANALYSIS : CHALLENGES
CRIME
NO JOBS = NO HOPE
Stop the Violence “Mural”
Local Hiring
List those who have been killed in neighborhood
Hiring from outside the neighborhood eg: L “You can’t see no hope.”
Unconnected Streets = Easy Gataways Barriers prevent law enforcement vehicles from chasing suspects, creating spaces known for easy getaways that attract criminal activity
Prostitution, Drugs
43rd St
45th St
47th St
Parish St
44th St
46th St
Aspen St
Markoe St
Brown St
48th St
50th St
51st St
49th St
52nd St
Some streets and corners were particularly known for prostitution and drugs. They were located around unconnected streets
0
400 feet
UNCARED FOR PUBLIC SPACES
Circle
Block captain says hard to get neighbors involved in caring for circle. Stolen pavers.
Pocket Park
Two months after the Earthkeepers converted a corner lot into a pocket park, the pocket park had reverted to an unkempt area and a site for illegal activities. This area is also near an unconnected street
Playgroung
Nearly new, completely abadoned, overgrown. Weeds and trees pushing up pavement. This green space was poorly maintained, un-mowed and unkempt
School
A small corner of the large paved playground was already converted to green space. This green space was poorly maintained, un-mowed and unkempt
“No Jobs, No Hope” Storm Water Management Creates Jobs on the Brown Street Transect, Mill Creek Neighborhood, West Philadelphia Elisha Goodman and Wataru Nomura 11.314J/4.214J Water, Landscape, and Urban Design, Fall 2010 MIT Department of Urban Studies and Planning
SITE ANALYSIS : TOPOGRAPHY
102 ft
108 ft
74 ft
Brown St 52nd St
51st St
50th St
49thSt
48thSt
47th St
46th St
45th St
44th St
43rdSt
Parish St
Brown St
Aspen St 0
400 feet
Water Inlet
Sewer Line
“No Jobs, No Hope” Storm Water Management Creates Jobs on the Brown Street Transect, Mill Creek Neighborhood, West Philadelphia Elisha Goodman and Wataru Nomura 11.314J/4.214J Water, Landscape, and Urban Design, Fall 2010 MIT Department of Urban Studies and Planning
SITE ANALYSIS : OPPORTUNITIES Row Houses
Building Ownership
t0MECVJMEJOHTJOOFFEPGSFQBJSMFBLZ roofs & detached downspouts t$POOFDUFESPPGTBOEEFOTJUZBMMPXGPS CVOEMJOHPGHSFFOJOGSBTUSVDUVSF implementation and maintenance XIJDINBZDSFBUFUISFTIPMENBSLFU demand to support sustained green JOGSBTUSVDUVSFMBCPSBOENBZBMTP ESJWFEPXODPTUTCZUBLJOHBEWBOUBHF of economies of scales t)PNFPXOFST t.BOZDJUZPXOFE
(Census 2000)
Open Space
Philadelphia Rent 34% Rent 42%
Owned 66%
Owned 58%
'MBUSPPG3PX)PVTF
50th St
52nd St
51st St
Brown St (from 52nd st to 50th st)
Brown St
Ha ve rfo rd
Open space for orchard $JUZPXOFEQBSDFM 1BSUMZ$JUZPXOFE1BSDFM
0
100feet
Av e
Aspen St
“No Jobs, No Hope” Storm Water Management Creates Jobs on the Brown Street Transect, Mill Creek Neighborhood, West Philadelphia Elisha Goodman and Wataru Nomura 11.314J/4.214J Water, Landscape, and Urban Design, Fall 2010 MIT Department of Urban Studies and Planning
SITE ANALYSIS : OPPORTUNITIES Parish St
Vacant supermarket
0
100feet
'MBUSPPG#VJMEJOH
Sloped-roof Newly Constructed House
City-owned parcel
Partly City-owned Parcel
tLarge flat roof tLarge impervious parking lot
Street & Sidewalk tWide street and sidewalk tImpervious surfaces
45th St
46th St
47th St
48th St
44”
14”
43rd St
44th St
#SPXO4U
Playground Aspen St
tLarge pervious area
Newly Constructed Houses tSloped roof tLarger, pervious yards tImpervious parking lots t3BJO#BSSFM
School t-BSHFøBUSPPG t-BSHFJNQFSWJPVTTQBDFTGPSSFDSFBUJPO and parking t6ONPXFEHSFFOBSFB t4JOHMFFOUJUZDPOUSPMTBMBSHFTQBDF t4DIPPMDIJMESFO t&YUSBQIZTJDBMDBQBDJUZ TDIPPMSPPNT empty on nights and weekends) “No Jobs, No Hope” Storm Water Management Creates Jobs on the Brown Street Transect, Mill Creek Neighborhood, West Philadelphia Elisha Goodman and Wataru Nomura 11.314J/4.214J Water, Landscape, and Urban Design, Fall 2010 MIT Department of Urban Studies and Planning
CONNECTING LOCAL LOW INCOME COMMUNITIES TO GREEN COLLAR JOBS
COMMUNITY SCHOOLS , “School As Social Center”
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Community Outreach
&EVDBUJPOUIBUCVJMEJOHDPMMBTQFJTPGUFODBVTFECZQPPSTJUFESBJOBHFSBUIFSUIBOTVCTJEFODF &ODPVSBHFQBSUJDJQBUJPOPGOFJHICPSIPPESFTJEFOUTJOUIFBEPQUQUJPOPGPOTJUFTPVSDFDPOUSPMNFBTVSFTBOEUIFKPCUSBJOJOHQSPHSBNT #VTJOFTTJODVCBUPSTFSWJDFT 1VCMJDJ[FGVOEJOHTUSFBNT t'FEFSBMBOE4UBUF1SPHSBNTGPS&OFSHZFóDJFODZ*OTVMBUJOHCVJMEJOHTt*OLJOEMBCPSt#FBVUJöDBUJPOPSHBSEFODMVCT%PXOUPXO OFJHICPSIPPEBTTPDJBUJPOTt-PXJOUFSFTUMPBOT
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0UIFSDJUZTUSBUFHJFTGPSFODPVSBHJOHBEPQUJPOPGHSFFOJOGSBTUSVDUVSF 3FHVMBUJPOT *ODFOUJWFT
$FSUJöDBUJPO
t*OUFHSBUF#.1TJOUPCVJMEJOHDPEF t3FNPWFCBSSJFSTUPJOOPWBUJPO CVJMEJOHDPEF FUD
t3FRVJSFBMMNVOJDJQBMCVJMEJOHTUPNBOBHFTUPSNXBUFSPOTJUF t4UPSNXBUFSVUJMJUZGFFCBTFEPOXBUFSGSPNQSPQFSUZXIJDIøPXTJOUPTFXFS1SPWJEFBCBUFNFOUGPSNBOBHJOHTUPSNXBUFSPOTJUF t%FOTJUZCPOVTGPSNBOBHJOHTUPSNXBUFSPOTJUF t&YQFEJUFEQFSNJUUJOHXBJWJOHQFSNJUUJOHGFFTFH$IJDBHP(SFFO1FSNJU1SPHSBN t"CBUFNFOUPGJNQBDUGFFTFH$IJDBHPBCBUFNFOUPGPQFOTQBDFJNQBDUGFFGPSSPPGBDDFTT “No Jobs, No Hope” Storm Water Management Creates Jobs on the Brown Street Transect, Mill Creek Neighborhood, West Philadelphia Elisha Goodman and Wataru Nomura 11.314J/4.214J Water, Landscape, and Urban Design, Fall 2010 MIT Department of Urban Studies and Planning
DIAGRAMATIC TRANSECT DESIGN : PILOT PROJECT
BMPs
Rain Garden Tree Trenches
Capture water from street and sidewalk. Capture water from rain barrels and cisterns.
Cisterns
Suitable for duplexes (Gaps between homes allow pipe access to back yards. Yards have soft soil for excation.)
Rain Barrels Suitable for row homes (No gaps between home = no pipe access to back yards. Front yards are concrete and not suitable for digging.)
WATER CATCHMENT The size for catching 1st inch of stormwater for each house is about
3.3 * 3.3 * 5.0 CuFt cistern for single house
Dry Roof/Dry Building Program Assumed 50% adoption rate
Porous Pavement
Retention garden
Street narrowing rain barrel
cictern for multiple houses
precast concrete cistern for multiple houses
gravel filter/retention
0
100feet “No Jobs, No Hope” Storm Water Management Creates Jobs on the Brown Street Transect, Mill Creek Neighborhood, West Philadelphia Elisha Goodman and Wataru Nomura 11.314J/4.214J Water, Landscape, and Urban Design, Fall 2010 MIT Department of Urban Studies and Planning
DESIGN SECTION
Bundling BMPs for Stormwater Management & Dry Buildings Program Creates Jobs
52nd St
CERTIFICATION PROGRAMS
Plumbing Dry roofing and downspout reattachment Home repair (Dry buildings) Tree trench and rain garden intallation and maintenance
51st St
Brown St
OSHA Tree pruning and tree climbing Chain saw safety and usage Herbicide/pesticide applicator
Rain barrel installation and maintenance
Flashing installation and repair
3
2 1
4
Porous pavement installation and maintenance Vegetative selection, installation, and maintenance Home inspections Cistern installation and maintenance
Dry roofing (patching leaky roofs, debris removal)
Porous pavement installation and maintenance
Inspecting homes for water damage
Downspout reattachment and installation
5
Cistern installation and maintenance Water quality testing
9 6
New lateral installation
8 7
Tree trench installation and maintenance
0
10 feet
“No Jobs, No Hope” Storm Water Management Creates Jobs on the Brown Street Transect, Mill Creek Neighborhood, West Philadelphia Elisha Goodman and Wataru Nomura 11.314J/4.214J Water, Landscape, and Urban Design, Fall 2010 MIT Department of Urban Studies and Planning
T2 T1
43rd St
44th St
45th St
46th St
47th St
Parish St
48th St
49th St
50th St
51st St
52nd St
Implementation : Typology
T3
T5
Brown St
T4
T2
T3
Aspen St
Typology 1 7PSV[WYVQLJ[
Typology 2 5L^JVUZ[Y\J[PVUZSVWLK YVVMZ^H[LYJH[JOTLU[
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Typology 3 3HYNLMSH[YVVMZJVU]LY[LK[V NYLLUYVVMZ 3HYNLWHYRPUNSV[ZJVU]LY[LK [VWVYV\ZWH]LTLU[
Typology 4 Typology 5
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:[YLL[UHYYV^PUN 7VYV\ZWH]LTLU[ ;YLL[YLUJO “No Jobs, No Hope” Storm Water Management Creates Jobs on the Brown Street Transect, Mill Creek Neighborhood, West Philadelphia Elisha Goodman and Wataru Nomura 11.314J/4.214J Water, Landscape, and Urban Design, Fall 2010 MIT Department of Urban Studies and Planning
IMPROVEMENT ANALYSIS Improvements
Existing Conditions Pervious Surface: 25.8%
847,000 Sq Ft
Other 17.7%
dry roof/catchment) and creates green job
training opportunities for local residents. Retention Space: (2.2%)
Cisterns: 14.9% (38.1%)
Pervious :
847,000 Sq Ft 19,000 Sq Ft (Orchard, Millcreek Playground)
Impervious Area Improvements
Buildings 39.4%
Cistern installation and maintenance
First-Inch Storage Benefit: Buildings :
957,000 Sq Ft 364,000 Sq Ft (Cisterns)
Downspout reattachment
Runoff from Impervious: 201,000 Cu Ft 93,000 Cu Ft
Porous Paving for Parking lots & Residential Parcels 12.4% (70.0%)
Street Narrowing: 1.0% (4.6%) Streets 21.7%
Home inspections Dry roofing New lateral instlalation Rain barrel installation and maintenance
Impervious: 2,439,000 Sq Ft Runoff from Impervious: 201,000 Cu Ft
Percent of Impervious
Brown Street transect (Assumes 50% adoption rate of
Pervious Area Improvements
Impervious Surface: 74.2%
Pervious :
Converting 38.1% of buildings to catchment converts 14.9% of pervious surface on the
Green Roofs: 1.9% (4.8%)
45.9% improvement in stormwater runnof from impervious surfaces in the Brown Street Transect.
Cisterns: 14.9% (38.1%) Sidewalks 21.2% Streets :
528,000 Sq Ft
Streets :
Sidewalks:
515,000 Sq Ft
Sidewalks:
Buildings:
957,000 Sq Ft
Buildings:
Other:
430,000 Sq Ft
Other:
Porous Paving for Sidewalk: 14.8% (70.0%) 528,000 Sq Ft 24,000 Sq Ft (Brown St. Narrowing) 515,000 Sq Ft 361,000 Sq Ft (Porous Pavement & Tree Trench) 957,000 Sq Ft 46,000 Sq Ft (Green Roof ) 430,000 Sq Ft 301,000 Sq Ft (Porous Pavement)
Total Improvement: 45.9% “No Jobs, No Hope” Storm Water Management Creates Jobs on the Brown Street Transect, Mill Creek Neighborhood, West Philadelphia Elisha Goodman and Wataru Nomura 11.314J/4.214J Water, Landscape, and Urban Design, Fall 2010 MIT Department of Urban Studies and Planning
