This is our immediate response to these data, how ... What experiences we can relate to these data. ⢠Internal ... beg
Focused Conversation ORID Method Technology of Participation®
LA 8206 University of Minnesota December 04, 2010 Cynthia Lapp
Focused Conversation ORID Method When we process information and think clearly, we move through four different modes, sometimes very quickly.
Objective
These modes of thinking can be labeled: • • • •
Objective Reflective Interpretive Decisional
Reflective
Interpretive
Decisional
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Focused Conversation
LA 8206 University of Minnesota
Fall 2010
Cynthia Lapp
Focused Conversation Objective Mode Objective
This is the sensory mode of thinking, where we process “raw” data: • What we perceive through our body and senses • Facts and data about the situation
Reflective
• External/Observable information
Interpretive
Decisional
3
Focused Conversation
LA 8206 University of Minnesota
Fall 2010
Cynthia Lapp
Focused Conversation Reflective Mode This is our immediate response to these data, how we are processing the Objective level internally:
Objective
• How we respond to these “raw” data • What experiences we can relate to these data
Reflective
• Internal response to external data • Images, feelings, memories, associations
Interpretive
Decisional
4
Focused Conversation
LA 8206 University of Minnesota
Fall 2010
Cynthia Lapp
Focused Conversation Interpretive Mode This mode is about processing these responses, experiences and associations:
Objective
• So what does this mean?
Reflective
• What values are activated? • What is the significance? What are the implications?
Interpretive
Decisional
5
Focused Conversation
LA 8206 University of Minnesota
Fall 2010
Cynthia Lapp
Focused Conversation Decisional Mode This mode is about making decisions or choosing actions based on the information, its meaning and significance:
Objective
• What are the next steps?
Reflective
• What actions are appropriate? • What has been learned? What is my commitment?
Interpretive
Decisional
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Focused Conversation
LA 8206 University of Minnesota
Fall 2010
Cynthia Lapp
Example: Critique of Visual Work Objective Mode These are the “facts” of what you are dealing with. The questions may feel “too obvious” to include, but they are the ground that the interpretation and analysis is built on, and get conversation/thinking going: • • • • •
Objective
What do you see? What colors, forms? What stands out? What parts are spatially related? Related by color? Form? Size? What do you see only after you have looked at it for a while?
Reflective
Interpretive
Decisional
7
Focused Conversation
LA 8206 University of Minnesota
Fall 2010
Cynthia Lapp
Example: Critique of Visual Work Reflective Mode These questions address what responses the work elicits, and ask for your responses to the work: • • • •
Objective
What is the overall feel of the piece? How do the colors, shapes, spatial relationships interact? Is there harmony in the work? Dissonance? How do you respond to it?
Reflective
Interpretive
Decisional
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Focused Conversation
LA 8206 University of Minnesota
Fall 2010
Cynthia Lapp
Example: Critique of Visual Work Interpretive Mode Objective This is the real “meat” of the analysis--what is working? What isn’t? This is often where we want to start, but establishing the Objective and Reflective steps allows for more depth in the interpretation and analysis of the work, and for Reflective coherence if working in a group process: • • • • •
What is the piece communicating? What is the objective of the piece, and where is this “working”? Where is it not working? What is the significance? What are the implications?
Interpretive
Decisional
9
Focused Conversation
LA 8206 University of Minnesota
Fall 2010
Cynthia Lapp
Example: Critique of Visual Work Decisional Mode This step focuses on the implications of the analysis. What needs to change for the piece to work? Are there larger moves that need to be made? What smaller things can be tweaked? What changes can be made that may not be strictly necessary for what the piece communicates, but would improve it overall? • • • • •
Objective
What components have to change to align the piece with its objective? What does there need to be more of? What can there be less of? What changes can be made to strengthen what the piece communicates? What changes might improve how the piece is experienced?
10
Focused Conversation
LA 8206 University of Minnesota
Reflective
Interpretive
Decisional
Fall 2010
Cynthia Lapp
Example: Site Visit Analysis Objective Mode These questions plumb the sense experience the observer had of the spaces in question, and begins to sort out the huge amount of data that is taken in on a site visit: • • • • •
Objective
What are some highlights from the places we’ve seen? What colors, sounds, materials stand out? What surprised you? What activities or programming stands out? What scenes do you remember from the spaces we have been in?
Reflective
Interpretive
Decisional
11
Focused Conversation
LA 8206 University of Minnesota
Fall 2010
Cynthia Lapp
Example: Site Visit Analysis Reflective Mode These questions address what the observer brought to the site, and what responses the site elicited in the observer: • • • •
Objective
Where did you feel most interested? Bored? Where did you experience a specific sense of “place”? What is the overall feel of the place(s) we saw/have seen? What was the high point for you? The low point?
Reflective
Interpretive
Decisional
12
Focused Conversation
LA 8206 University of Minnesota
Fall 2010
Cynthia Lapp
Example: Site Visit Analysis Interpretive Mode This, again, is the real “meat” of the analysis-what is working? What isn’t? If reflecting on a site visit begins with analysis, the observer can lose the sense data that is so important to the work of a spatial designer: • • • • • • • •
Objective
What spaces felt like they “worked”? What spaces didn’t work? Where did things feel the most connected? Where did things feel disjointed? Who/what is being served in these spaces? Who/what has been left out? What does there need to be more of? What can there be less of?
Reflective
Interpretive
Decisional
13
Focused Conversation
LA 8206 University of Minnesota
Fall 2010
Cynthia Lapp
Example: Site Visit Analysis Decisional Mode This step activates the observer on a deeper level--What is really going on here? What opportunities have been missed? Where is this happening in my city? What would I like to engage in? • • • •
Objective
What would you name this part of town? What needs to happen next to benefit human use? Ecology? Sustainability? Which issues/spaces/solutions could be transferred to your city? Where? What would you like to work on in this space?
Reflective
Interpretive
Decisional
14
Focused Conversation
LA 8206 University of Minnesota
Fall 2010
Cynthia Lapp
Credits ICA Associates CANADA “ORID Slideshow” powerpoint for some language and the neat arrow graphics ICA-USA ToP® Facilitation Methods Manual, 2000 Stanfield, R. Brian, ed. The Art of Focused Conversation, New Society Publishing, 2000
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Focused Conversation
LA 8206 University of Minnesota
Fall 2010
Cynthia Lapp
