We share it with 3bn poor. Open design can help. ... HowToLiveWiki.com - blog. ⢠http://LiveUnplugged.org - vision ...
The world is a very big place. We share it with 3bn poor. Open design can help.
Vinay Gupta Hexayurt Project •
[email protected] - contact me • http://Hexayurt.com - shelter • http://Vinay.HowToLiveWiki.com - blog • http://LiveUnplugged.org - vision • http://GuptaOption.com/ - policy • http://GlobalSwadeshi.net - social network
Ending Poverty With Open Hardware
pic via http://flickr.com/photos/63138333@N00/2162447668/ thank you for sharing your work
Absolute poverty means dying from being poor
Half Of All Death Is Death From Poverty Non-poverty deaths Poverty deaths
50%
30 million people a year
50%
Real Numbers • 60 million people die every year (WHO) • All causes, all countries, not just the poor • Two ways to see numbers • absolute cause, and • contributory effect http://www.who.int/whr/2004/annex/topic/en/annex_2_en.pdf
Hunger Data • About 1 million people die directly from lack of proper food (WHO)
• However, FAO says hunger contributes to 36 million deaths each year
• Some die directly, but masses are affected • This repeats for diseased drinking water, indoor air pollution and so on
http://www.who.int/whr/2004/annex/topic/en/annex_2_en.pdf http://www.wantedinrome.com/articles/complete_articles.php?id_art=850
Poverty • Death from poverty comes in many forms • Lack of good food, disease from bad
toilets and drinking water, breathing smoke from cooking fires, lack of vaccinations and so it goes - people die of many contributory causes
• This is the poverty cluster
open technology can reduce poverty cluster deaths to zero* *or at least damn near it
Half Of All Global Death Is Preventable Non-Preventable
30 million people a year can be saved with simple technology
50%
50%
being poor does not have to mean dying from being poor
any more than it means not being able to afford an operating system
Solutions • Londoners were dying of cholera in 1854 • Infrastructure to protect public health
more-or-less defines the developed world
• But there’s a problem • you need stability to borrow money to
pay for things like water treatment plants
• that is hard to come by in poor places
Local Infrastructure • Gather power on each roof (sun, wind) • Purify water in each kitchen (SODIS) • Dispose of human waste in each back yard • Stability and a higher standard of living • without massive borrowing to finance centralized infrastructure systems
http://smallisprofitable.org/
Population • If 1 in 5 (20%) die before they are adults • 90% odds of two adults needs 3 children • 99% odds of two adults needs 5 children • This is why the poor have large families • But reducing infant mortality quickly reduces family size!
Charles Waldman, private correspondance
Open Appropriate Technology Systems • Solar and clean-burning wood stoves (5m) • Purify water in each kitchen (5m combined) • Dispose of sewage in back yards • Farming education to double food (30m?) • Generate power in each household (education, connectivity)
http://www.aprovecho.org/ http://solarcookers.org/ http://www.worldtoilet.org/ http://www.ns.umich.edu/htdocs/releases/story.php?id=5936
Questions? • Translation & literacy? • Networks and devices? • Why hasn’t this happened already? • Political and economic indications? • Effect on the global environment? • Specific technologies? • Source material?
Mapping Infrastructure
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Six Ways To Die
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town region world
e n e r g y
energy markets
wars
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d al
coal mines
coal
nuke infra.
oil driling
SUN
nukes gas fuel oil
power plants
g r i d s
po lic
in g
communal violence
hospitals
accidents
sewage collection treatment
sewage
illness
final dispoasal
trash
er
storage
fans heating
too cold
medical events
elt
ho t
sh
too
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inju
air conditio ning
clothes
toilets 0.01%
dumps
greywater
10%
lakes
cooking
ports
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annual mortality
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airports
p
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household
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household farming
food markets
t
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transport
food stores
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rail
storage
Industrial Infrastructure
food markets
town farming
region world
oil supply
t
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cars
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individual
purification
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the sea
warehouse
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rivers
rain
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1%
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wells
the coldness of space
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aquifers
farming
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Apply Critical Technologies • solar water pasteurization etc. (water) • simple toilets (brick pits, composting) • solar cooking and improved stoves (air) • passive solar house construction (warm) • improved organic agriculture (nitrogen) • food preservation (zeer pots)
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annual mortality
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town region world
SUN wars
LOCAL EN
EGY
wind
communal violence
PV panels
E DE CO SI GN
accidents
sewage
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t
illness
TOILE T
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wells
ho
heating
too cold
trash
elt
medical events
dumps
too
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H LOW-TEC E IN IC D E M
biomass
STOVES
clothes 0.01%
dumps
microhydro
purification
thi
transport
0.1%
rst
1%
10%
collection
surface water GY
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roads
individual household
rain
town region world
cooking food stores
annual mortality
storage
WAT TECH ER NOLO
h
g un
household farming
FARMING & food FOOD E STORAG markets
roads
the coldness of space
How Can You Help • Appropedia - classic wiki volunteer tasks • PhD students - thesis direction • Sci / Eng types - system testing and design • Multilingual? Translate, translate! • Keep the software (and hardware!) coming! • Build bridges for the future
Resources
A word on Gandhi •
Refined the design for the spinning wheel that is his “machine-logo”
•
Self-reliance (swadeshi) is the only hope for most of the world’s poor - at least for now
•
Vertically and horizontally integrated morality
•
http://globalswadeshi.net
Open Appropriate Technology Projects
• http://Appropedia.org - the motherlode • http://Aprovecho.org - stoves • http://Akvo.org - water technology • http://SolarCookers.org - cooking, water • http://OpenFarmTech.org - open everything • http://Hexayurt.com - whole systems, emergency housing
