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Analele ştiinţifice ale Universităţii “Al. I. Cuza” Iaşi Tomul LVI, fasc. 2, s. II a. Biologie vegetală, 2010

THE ANALYSIS OF THE VASCULAR FLORA OF THE NATURE RESERVE FROM VALEA LUI DAVID (IAŞI) OANA ZAMFIRESCU* Abstract. The aim of this research is to update the floristic list for the hayfields of Valea lui David nature reserve. We recorded 480 species of vascular and analysed their taxonomy, composition of floristic elements, and the rare species included in the Romanian and international red lists. Keywords: nature reserve, vascular flora, protected species.

Introduction The nature reserve from Valea lui David has been protected since 1969 (Decree 389/1969). In 1994, the protected area was reconfirmed by the Iaşi County Decision no. 8/1994 and the Low no. 5/2000 (Official Monitor of Romania 152/2000). Since 2007, the nature reserve has been recognised as an area of Community interest of the Natura 2000 network (ROSCI 0265 Order no. 776/2007). The nature reserve is more than 100 years old and lies in the northern part of Miroslava Commune (Iaşi County). The protected area has 46.36ha and is situated on the eastern slope of the hill Coşeri (Mititelu et al., 1969). The altitude is 60-170 m a.s.l. and the slope inclination is between 10-35°. The presence of diorite sand and springs produced a micro-relief that varies in terms in orientation, humidity, and salinity. The climate is temperate continental, of East-European type with an average annual temperature of 9.7°C. The soils are of various types, levigated chernozem, saliferous soils, and salinised damp areas. Material and methods The research of the vascular flora began in 2005, with a pilot study followed by the identification and record of species. In order to attain a quasi-complete species list we repeatedly carried out observation along several extensive surveys that crossed all land irregularities and all types of vegetation formations. The identification and taxonomical classification of the vascular plants were accomplished using a series of guides (Ciocârlan, 2000; Chifu et al., 2006). The floristic list presents the species alphabetically sorted, author, and the subspecies where it exists. The phytogeographical category of each species was indicated according to the most recent monograph of Moldavian flora and vegetation (Chifu et al., 2006). The proportion of each category was presented as a spectrum. The species with special protection status were identified according to the Romanian red list of vascular plants (Oltean et al., 1994).

*

“Al.I. Cuza” University of Iaşi, Carol I, 20A, 700505, Iaşi, Romania, e-mail: [email protected]

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Results and discussion During our study we have recorded 480 taxa of vascular plants (6,7). The flora of the nature reserve represents 12.045% of the Romanian flora, which includes 3985 taxa (2,3), and 16.73% of the Moldavian flora, which includes 2869 taxa (1) (fig. 1). Valea lui David 16.73%

Valea lui David 12.05% Moldavia

Romania

Fig. 1. Proportion of the flora of Valea lui David compared to the cormophytic flora of Romania and Moldavia

The floristic richness is high in the nature reserve (10.36 taxa/ha) compared to the overall value of Romania (1.67 taxa/ha). The most recent floristic study of Valea lui David (Mititelu et al., 1969) area reports 530 vascular taxa (species, subsecies, and varieties). The difference of 50 taxa that we have failed to record during the present study may be explained by the fact that the previous study was carried out in an area of 180 ha. Another possible explanation is that some taxa may have become locally extinct. The latter explanation, although plausible given the surrounding anthropic pressure, needs further investigations in order to be proved. The best represented botanical families are Asteraceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Brassicaceae, Rosaceae, Caryophyllaceae, and Scrophulariaceae. This superior taxa domination order is similar to the one of Moldavia. The floristic list includes the following species: Achillea millefolium L. ssp. millefolium, A. setacea Waldst. et Kit., Acinos arvensis (Lam.) Dandy ssp. arvensis, Adonis aestivalis L., A. vernalis L., A. volgensis Steven ex. DC., Aegilops cylindrica Host., Agrimonia eupatoria L. ssp. eupatoria, Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertner, Agrostis stolonifera L., Ajuga chamaepytis (L.) Schreb. ssp. ciliata (Briq.) Smejkal, A. genevensis L., A. laxmannii (L.) Benth., A. reptans L., Alliaria petiolata (M. Bieb.) Cavara et Grande, Allium flavum L. ssp. flavum, A. rotundum L. ssp. rotundum, Alopecurus aequalis Sobol., A. pratensis L., A. arundinaceus Poir., Althaea cannabina L. ssp. cannabina, A. officinalis L. ssp. officinalis, Alcea biennis Winterl., Alyssum alyssoides (L.) L., A. desertorum Stapf, Amaranthus retroflexus L., Amygdalus nana L., Anagallis arvensis L., Anchusa barrelieri (All.) Vitman, A. ochroleuca M. Bieb., Androsace elongata L., Anemone ranunculoides L., A. sylvestris L., Anthemis ruthenica M. Bieb., A. tinctoria L. ssp. tinctoria, Athericum ramosum L., Anthyllis vulneraria L., Arctium lappa L., A. minus (Hill.) Bernh., Arenaria serpyllifolia L., Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Beauv.ex J. et C. Presl. ssp. elatius, Aristolochia clematitis L., Artemisia absinthium L., A. austriaca Jacq., A. pontica L., A.

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vulgaris L., Asparagus officinalis L., A. tenuifolius Lam., A. verticillatus L., Asperugo procumbens L., Asperula cynanchica L., Aster amellus L., A. linosyris (L.) Bernh., A. sedifolius L. ssp. sedifolius, A. tripolium L. ssp. tripolium, A. oleifolius (Lam.) Wagenitz., Astragalus austriacus Jacq., A. onobrychis L. ssp. onobrychis, Asyneuma canescens (Waldst. et Kit.) Griseb. et Schenk, Atriplex littoralis L., A. oblongifolia Waldst. et Kit., A. tatarica L., Ballota nigra L., Barbarea vulgaris W. T. Aiton, Bassia prostrata (L.) G. Beck, Beckmania eruciformis (L.) Host., Berteroa incana (L.) D. C., Bifora radians M. Bieb., Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla, Brassica elongata Ehrh. ssp. elongata, B. juncea (L.) Czern., Bromus commutatus Schrad., B. inermis Leyss, B. japonicus Thunb., B. hordeaceus L., B. squarrosus L., B. tectorum L., Bunias orientalis L., Bupleurum falcatum L., B. rotundifolium L., Butomus umbellatus L., Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth., Camelina sativa (L.) Cantz, Campanula bononiensis L., C. persicifolia L., C. rapunculus L., C. sibirica L., Camphorosma annua Pall., Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik., C. rubella Reut., Carduus acanthoides L., C. crispus L. ssp. crispus, C. hamulosus Ehrh., Carex acutiformis Ehrh., C. caryophyllea Latour., C. distans L., C. melanostachya Willd., C. pairaei F. W. Schultz., C. praecox Schreb., C. riparia Curtis, C. secalina Willd. ex Wahlenb., C. tomentosa L., C. vesicaria L., C. vulpina L., Carthamus lanatus L., Caucalis platycarpos L., Centaurea apiculata Ledeb. ssp. spinulosa, C. micranthos S.G. Gmel. ex Hayek. C. orientalis L., C. pannonica (Heuff.) Simonk., C. stoebe L., C. scabiosa L., C. solstitialis L. ssp. solstitialis, C. stereophylla Besser, Cephalaria transsylvanica (L.) Rom. et Schult., C. uralensis (Murray) Roem, Cerastium dubium (Bast.) Guépin, C. semidecandrum L., Ceratocephala testiculata (Crantz) Roth, Cerinthe minor L. ssp. minor, Chaerophyllum bulbosum L. ssp. bulbosum, Chenopodium album L., C. glaucum L., Chondrilla juncea L., Chorispora tenella (Pall.) DC, , Chrysopogon gryllus (L.) Trin., Cichorium intybus L. ssp. intybus, Cicuta virosa L., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop, C. pannonicum (L.) Link, Clematis integrifolia L., C. recta L., Conium maculatum L., Consolida regalis S.F. Gray ssp. regalis., C. orientalis (Gay) Schrödinger, Convolvulus arvensis L., Coronilla varia L., Coronopus squamatus (Forssk.) Asch., Crambe tatarica Sebeók, Crataegus monogyna Jacq. ssp. monogyna, Crepis foetida L., C. setosa Haller, C. tectorum L., Crocus reticulatus Steven, Cruciata laevipes Opiz, C. glabra (L.) Ehrend. ssp. glabra, Crupina vulgaris Cass., Cuscuta epilinum Weihe, C. europaea L., C. monogyna Vahl., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Cynoglossum officinale L., Dactylis glomerata L., Datura stramonium L., Daucus carota L. ssp. carota, Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl., Dianthus armeria L. ssp. armeria, D. capitatus Balb. ex DC., D. carthusianorum L. ssp. carthusianorum, D. membranaceus Borbás, Dichanthium ischaemum (L.) Roberty, Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC., Dorycnium herbaceum Vill., Draba nemorosa L., Echinops spaerocephalus L., Echium maculatum Jack., E. vulgare L., Elymus caninus (L.) L. ssp. caninus, E. repens (L.) Gould., E. hispidus (Opiz.) Melderis, Erysimum cuspidatum (M. Bieb.) DC., Erodium cicutarium (L.) L´Hérit, Erophila verna (L.) Chevall., Eryngium campestre L., E. planum L., Erysimum diffusum Ehrh., E. odoratum Ehrh., E. repandum L. , Euclidium syriacum (L.) W. T. Aiton, Euphorbia agraria M. Bieb., E. esula L., E. salicifolia Host., E. virgata Waldst. et Kit., Euonymus europaea L., Falcaria vulgaris Bernh., Ferulago sylvatica (Besser) Rchb., Festuca arundinacea Schreb., F. pratensis Huds., F. pulchra Schur., F. valesiaca Schleich. ex Gaudin, Filipendula vulgaris Moench., F. ulmaria (L.) Maxim, Fragaria vesca L., F. viridis (Duchesne) Weston, Fumaria schleicheri Soyer-Willem., Gagea lutea (L.) Ker. Gawl., G. minima (L.) Ker. Gawl., G.

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pratensis (Pers.) Dumort., G. villosa (M. Bieb.) Sweet, Galium glaucum (L.) Bess., G. humifusum M. Bieb., G. moldavicum (Dobrescu) Franco, G. mollugo L., G. palustre L., G. rubioides L. ssp. rubioides, G. verum L., Genista tinctoria L., Geranium pusillum Burm., G. sanguineum L., Geum urbanum L., Glaucium corniculatum (L.) Rudolph, Glechoma hederacea L., G. hirsuta Wadst. et Kit., Glyceria fluitans (L.) R. Br. G. maxima (Hartm.) Holmb., Gypsophila muralis L. Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench, Heliotropium europaeum L., Herniaria incana Lam., Hesperis tristis L., Hibiscus trionum L., Hieracium bauhini Schult., H. cymosum L., H. pilosella L., H. sabaudum L., H. virosum Pall., Hierochloё repens (Host) Simonkai, Holosteum umbellatum L., Hordeum murinum L., Hyosciamus niger L., Hypericum perforatum L., Inula britannica L., I. ensifolia L., I. germanica L., I. hirta L., I. oculus-christi L., I. salicina L., Iris aphylla L., I. brandzae Prodan, I. graminea L., I. pumila L., Juncus gerardi Loisel., Jurinea arachnoidea Bunge., Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) Schult., Knautia arvensis (L.) J.M. Coult., Lactuca saligna L., Lamium amplexicaule L., L. maculatum L. ssp. maculatum , L.purpureum L., Lappula squarrosa (Retz.) Dumort, Lathyrus hirsutus L., L. lacteus (M. Bieb.) Wissjul., L. nissolia L., L. pallescens (M.Bieb.) K. Koch, L. pratensis L., L. tuberosus L., Lavatera thuringiaca L., Leontodon crispus Vill., Leonurus cardiaca L. ssp. cardiaca, L. cardiaca L. ssp. villosus (Desf. Ex D'Urv) Hyl., L. marrubiastrum L., Lepidium campestre (L.) R. Br., L. latifolium L., L. perfoliatum L., L. ruderale L., Limonium gmelinii (Willd.) O. Kuntze, Linaria genistifolia (L.) Mill., Linum austriacum L., L. flavum L., L. hirsutum L., L. perenne L., L. tenuifolium L., Lithospermum arvense L., Lotus corniculatus L., Lythrum virgatum L., Malva pusilla Sm., Marrubium peregrinum L., M. vulgare L. Matricaria recutita L., M. perforata Mérat., Medicago falcata L., M. lupulina L., M. minima (L) L.., Melampyrum arvense L., Melica ciliata L., Melilotus albus Medik., M. officinalis (L.) Lam., Moehringia trinervia (L.) Clairv., Muscari comosum (L.) Mill., Myosotis arvensis (L.) Hill. Link, M. discolor Pers., M. stricta Link ex Roemer et Scultes, Myosurus minimus L., Nepeta nuda L., Nigella arvensis L., Nonea pulla DC., Oenanthe silaifolia M.Bieb, Onobrychis viciifolia Scop., Ononis arvensis L., Onopordum acanthium L., Origanum vulgare L., Ornithogalum orthopyllum Ten. ssp. kochii (Parl.) Zahar., O. umbellatum L., Orobanche lutea Baumg., O. artemisiae-campestris var. picridis (F. W. Scultz. Ex Koch) Ciocârlan, O. purpurea Jack., Oxytropis pilosa (L.) DC., Papaver dubium L., Pastinaca graveolens M.Bieb., P. sativa L., Petrosimonia triandra (Pall.) Simonk., Peucedanum alsaticum L., P. latifolium (M.Bieb.) DC., Phlomis pungens Willd, P. tuberosa L., Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud., Picris hieracioides L., Plantago cornuti Gouan, P. lanceolata L., P. major L., P. media L., P. schwarzenbergiana Schur., P. tenuiflora Waldst. et Kit., Poa annua L., P. bulbosa L., P. palustris L., P. pratensis L., Polygala comosa Schkuhr, P. sibirica L., Polygonum aviculare L., Polygonatum latifolium (Jack.) Desf., P. odoratum (Miller) Druce, Potentilla incana P, Gaertn., P. argentea L., P.pedata Willd., P. recta L., P. reptans L., Primula veris L., Prunella grandiflora (L.) Scholler, P. laciniata (L.) L., Prunus spinosa L., Puccinelia distans (L.) Parl., Pulsatilla grandis Wender., P. montana (Hoppe) Rchb., P. pratensis ssp. nigricans (Störck) Zamels, Ranunculus acris L., R. illyricus L., R. pedatus Waldst. et Kit.., R. sardous Crantz, R. sceleratus L., Rapistrum perenne (L.) All., Reseda inodora Rchb. R. lutea L., Rhamnus catharctica L., Rhinanthus minor L., R. rumelicus Velen, Rochelia disperma (L.) K.Koch., Rorippa austriaca (Crantz) Besser, R. sylvestris (L.) Besser ssp. sylvestris, Rosa canina L., R. gallica L., Rubus caesius L., Rumex acetosa L., R. acetosella L., R. crispus L., R. patientia L., R. tuberosus L.,

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Salsola kali Iljin ssp. ruthenica, Salvia austriaca Jack, S. nemorosa L., S. nutans L., Sambucus ebulus L., Scabiosa ochroleuca L., Scoenoplectus lacustris (L.) Palla, S. tabernaemontani (Gmel) Palla, Scilla bifolia L., Scleranthus annuus L., Sclerocloa dura (L.) P. Beauv, Scorzonera cana (C.A. Meyer) Griseb., Scutellaria hastifolia L., Senecio jacobea L., S. vernalis Walst. et Kit., S. vulgaris L., Serratula radiata (Walst. et Kit.) M. Bieb., Seseli annuum L., S. tortuosum L., Sideritis montana L., Silaum silaus (L.) Schinz et Thell, Silene alba (Miller) E.H.L. Krause, S. italica (L.) Pers., S. otites (L.) Wib., Sinapis arvensis, Sisymbrium loeselii L., S. polymorphum (Murray) Roth, S. strictissimum L., Solidago virgaurea L., Sonchus arvensis L., S. oleraceus L., Sparganium eractum Huds., Spergularia media (L.) C. Presl, S. salina J. et C. Presl., Stachys annua (L.) L., S. germanica L., S. officinalis (L.) Trevis., S. recta L., Stellaria graminea L., S. media (L.) Cyr., Stipa capillata L., S. pennata Celak, S. lessingiana Trin, S. pulcherrima C. Koch, S. tirsa Steven, Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort, Symphytum officinale, Syrenia cuspidata (M.B.) Rchb., Taraxacum bessarabicum (Horn.) H-Mazz., T. officinale Web., T. serotinum (W. et K.) Poir, Tanacetum corymbosum (L) Sch. ssp, corymbosum, T. vulgare L., Teucrium chamaedrys L., T polium L., Thalictrum aquilegiifolium L., T. minus L., Thesium dollinerii Murb., Thlaspi arvense L., T. perfoliatum L., Thymus glabrescens Bernh. ssp. glabrescens, T. marschallianus Willd., Tragopogon dubius Scop., T. pratensis L., Tribulus terrestris L., Trifolium alpestre L., T. arvense L., T. campestre Schreb., T. diffusum Ehrh., T. fragiferum L., T. hybridum L., T. montanum L. T. ochroleucon Huds., T. retusum L., T. repens L., T. striatum L., Trigonella caerulea (L.) Ser., Trinia glauca L., T. cylindraceum Sibth. Et Sm., M.B., Turritis glabra L., Typha latifolia L., Urtica dioica L., Vaccaria hispanica Medik. ssp. hispanica, Valeriana officinalis L., Verbascum blattaria L., V. lychnitis L., V. phoeniceum L., Veronica arvensis L., V. chamaedrys L., V. hederifolia L., V. longifolia L., V. orchidea Cr., V. prostrata L., V. paniculata L., V. pannonica Cr., V. villosa Roth., Vinca herbacea W. et K., V. minor L., Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medikus, Viola ambigua W. et K., V. arvensis Murr., V. canina L., V. odorata L., Xanthium spinosum L., X. strumarium L., Xeranthemum annuunm L. The floristic analysis reveals that on a background of Eurasian (40.83%) and European (14.58%) flora, it can be noticed the presence of certain elements (continental 9.75%, Pontic 8.97%, Mediterranean-Pontic 7.90%, and Mediterranean 8.20%) that confer a pregnant character of Pontic steppe with south-eastern European, Ponto-Sarmatic flora(6) (fig. 2). In the perimeter of the nature reserve, there are a number of plants, which are included in different protective lists: Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC Crambe tataria Sebeók, annexe IIB, Iris aphylla L., annexe IIB, Pulsatilla grandis (L.) Mill, annexe IIb, Global Red List, IUCN, Bupleurum falcatum L. ssp. dilatatum Schur., Berne Convention, Pulsatilla grandis Wenderoth. According to the Romanian Red List of vascular plants (Oltean et al., 1994) (5), the species with special status are Adonis volgensis R, Agropyron cristatum V/R, Amygdalus nana V, Asparagus verticillatus R, Carex secalina R, Crambe tataria V/R, Crocus reticulatus V, Dianthus capitatus R, Erysimum cuspidatum R, Galium moldavicum V/R, Iris brandzae V/R, Serratula radiata R, Seseli tortuosum R, Silaum silaus R, Sisymbrium polymorphum R.

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other, 9.77% Mediterranean, 8.20% Euroasian, 40.83%

MediterraneanPontic, 7.90%

Pontic, 8.97%

Continental, 9.75%

European, 14.58%

Fig. 2. Floristic elements spectrum of the vascular species from Valea lui David

REFERENCES 1. CHIFU T., MÂNZU C., ZAMFIRESCU O., 2006 – Flora şi vegetaţia Moldovei, vol. I. Edit. Universităţii „Al. I. Cuza”, Iaşi. 2. CIOCÂRLAN V., 2000 – Flora ilustrată a României; Pteridophyta et Spermatophyta. Edit. Ceres, Bucureşti. 3. CIOCÂRLAN V., 2009 – Flora ilustrată a României; Pteridophyta et Spermatophyta. Edit. Ceres, Bucureşti. 4. MITITELU D., MOŢIU T., DĂSCĂLESCU D., TELU C., VIŢALARIU C., 1969 – Flora şi vegetaţia rezervaţiei ”Valea lui David” – Iaşi, St. Com., Muz. Şt. Nat. Bacău; 81-100 5. OLTEAN M., POPESCU A., ROMAN N., DIHORU G., SANDA V., MIHĂILESCU S., 1994 – Lista roşie a plantelor superioare din România. St., Sint., Docum. Ecol., Acad. Rom, Bucureşti. 6. SANDA V., POPESCU A., DOLTU M., NEDELCU G.A., 1979 – Caracterizarea ecologică şi fitocenologică a speciilor spontane din flora României., St. Com. Şt. Nat., Muz. Brukental, Sibiu, 25. 6. ZAMFIRESCU O., ZAMFIRESCU ŞT. R., 2009 – Ecological aspects in Valea lui David nature Reserve (Iaşi, România): specific diversity of grassland communities of Taraxaco serotinae-Festucetum valesiacae. An. Şt. Univ. „Al. I. Cuza” Iaşi, s. Biol. Anim., 55: 215-221. 7. ZAMFIRESCU ŞT.R., ZAMFIRESCU O., ION C., POPESCU I.E., 2007 – Research on the habitats of Vipera ursinii moldavica populations from Iaşi County. An. Şt. Univ. „Al. I. Cuza” Iaşi, s. Biol. Anim., 53: 159-166.

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