May 22, 2015 - Glatiramer Acetate (GA) has provided safe and effective treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients for two decades. It acts as an antigen, yet ...
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OPEN
received: 09 September 2014 accepted: 02 April 2015 Published: 22 May 2015
Gene expression studies of a human monocyte cell line identify dissimilarities between differently manufactured glatiramoids Sarah Kolitz1, *, Tal Hasson2, *, Fadi Towfic1, Jason M. Funt1, Shlomo Bakshi2, Kevin D. Fowler1, Daphna Laifenfeld2, Augusto Grinspan2, Maxim N. Artyomov1, Tal Birnberg2, Rivka Schwartz2, Arthur Komlosh2, Liat Hayardeny2, David Ladkani2, Michael R. Hayden2, Benjamin Zeskind1, + & Iris Grossman2, + Glatiramer Acetate (GA) has provided safe and effective treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients for two decades. It acts as an antigen, yet the precise mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, and no validated pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic biomarkers exist. In order to better characterize GA’s biological impact, genome-wide expression studies were conducted with a human monocyte (THP-1) cell line. Consistent with previous literature, branded GA upregulated anti-inflammatory markers (e.g. IL10), and modulated multiple immune-related pathways. Despite some similarities, significant differences were observed between expression profiles induced by branded GA and Probioglat, a differently-manufactured glatiramoid purported to be a generic GA. Key results were verified using qRT-PCR. Genes (e.g. CCL5, adj. p
