GENOME ANNOUNCEMENT
Genome Sequence of a Highly Prevalent Porcine Partetravirus in Mainland China Bin Li,a Junjie Ma,a Shaobo Xiao,b Libin Wen,a Yanxiu Ni,a Xuehan Zhang,a Liurong Fang,b and Kongwang Hea Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China,a and Division of Animal Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Chinab
Partetravirus is a novel defined genus of animal parvoviruses. Here, we first report the genome sequence of porcine partetravirus strain JSNJ62, which is highly prevalent in mainland China. It will help in understanding the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of the porcine partetravirus.
P
arvoviruses are members of the family Parvoviridae, which are small, nonenveloped icosahedral viruses, and can cause a broad spectrum of diseases in animals (3). Based on their host range, the family Parvoviridae is classified into two subfamilies: the Parvovirinae subfamily and the Densovirinae subfamily. The partetraviruses are among parvoviruses in the subfamily Parvovirinae, which includes the human partetravirus, bovine partetravirus, ovine partetravirus, and porcine partetravirus (PPtV) (1, 4–7). Porcine partetravirus (PtV, also known previously as hokovirus) has been described in Hong Kong, Germany, and Romania in recent years. It has been shown to have a prevalence of 22.8% to 50.5% in healthy and diseased pigs and wild boars (1, 2, 5). Phylogenetic analysis based on the near-full-length genome indicated that the PPtV sequences of German and Romanian wild boars were closely related to the isolates from Hong Kong. In this study, a PPtV strain JSNJ62 was first discovered and identified in piglet liver samples from a farm with high fever syndrome in mainland China. It was worth noting that there was more than a 58.6% infection rate in the piglets, which were less than 20 days old. It is thus necessary to analyze the genome sequence of PPtV/JSNJ62 and understand its molecular characteristics. The genome was generated with PCR using five primers, which were designed from alignments of available animal PtV genomes. The PCR products were purified and cloned into pMD18-T vector (TaKaRa), and sequenced with an automated sequencer (Genetic Analyzer 3730XL; Applied Biosystems). The terminal sequences were acquired by using a rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) kit (Clontech, Japan). Because of the presence of hairpin structures, the terminal sequences of all animal PtVs have not yet been acquired successfully (1, 2, 5, 7). The genome of PPtV/JSNJ62 is a single-stranded DNA molecule comprising 5,069 bp, with a GC content of 51.41%. It possessed a genome organization typical of parvoviruses. It encodes two open reading frames (ORFs), ORF1 and ORF2. ORF1 encodes nonstructural protein NS1, and ORF2 encodes overlapping capsid proteins (VP1/VP2) and a small conserved putative protein. Interestingly, a continuous deletion of 5 nucleotides was found in the small noncoding gap, which was between the ORFs. It was a novel sequence characteristic of the porcine partetravirus.
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The genome of the PPtV/JSNJ62 exhibited 97.4 to 99.1% nucleotide identity to those of other PPtVs. Phylogenetic analyses, based on the genome and the ORFs of the parvoviruses, indicated that PPtV/JSNJ62 showed a close relationship to the PPtVs and formed a novel cluster with known PPtVs. This indicated that the PPtVs has undergone an evolution in the continuous transmission. These data will facilitate future investigations of evolutionary characteristics and molecular pathogenesis of PPtVs. Nucleotide sequence accession number. The genome sequence of PPtV strain JSNJ62 was deposited in GenBank under accession no. JN990269. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was supported by the Special Fund for Independent innovation of Agricultural Science and Technology in Jiangsu province (CX (11) 4043) and the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (31001066).
REFERENCES 1. Adlhoch C, Kaiser M, Ellerbrok H, Pauli G. 2010. High prevalence of porcine Hokovirus in German wild boar populations. Virol. J. 7:171. 2. Cadar D, et al. 1 October 2011. Distribution and genetic diversity of porcine hokovirus in wild boars. Arch. Virol. Oct 1. doi:10.1007/s00705011-1125-6. [Epub ahead of print]. 3. Fauquet CM, Mayo MA, Maniloff J, Desselberger U, Bull LA (ed). 2004. Virus taxonomy: the eighth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, CA. 4. Jones MS, et al. 2005. New DNA viruses identified in patients with acute viral infection syndrome. J. Virol. 79:8230 – 8236. 5. Lau SK, et al. 2008. Identification of novel porcine and bovine parvoviruses closely related to human parvovirus 4. J. Gen. Virol. 89:1840 –1848. 6. Szelei J, et al. 2010. Parvovirus 4-like virus in blood products. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 16:561–564. 7. Tse H, et al. 2011. Discovery and genomic characterization of a novel ovine partetravirus and a new genotype of bovine partetravirus. PLoS One 6:e25619.
Received 9 November 2011 Accepted 10 November 2011 Address correspondence to Kongwang He,
[email protected], or Bin Li,
[email protected]. Copyright © 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. doi:10.1128/JVI.06771-11
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