Geophysical Techniques for VMS Exploration in ...

Geophysical Techniques for VMS Exploration in Matagami Camp John Gingerich Michel Allard March 12, 2001

K ap us k asi ng Gn eis sB elt

Montréal

Québec 0 200 km

Opatica sub-province

Harricana-Turgeon belt Chibougamau

Matagami G re nv i lle

Matagami

Ontario Québec

Simplified Geology Abitibi Belt

Proterozoïc Granite Mafic Complex Sedimentary Rocks Ultramafic Rocks Vocanic Rocks

Rouyn-Noranda Val-d’Or

50

0

100 kilometres

200

The early Matagami Years • •

Early 1900’s R. Bell and J. Bancroft 1936-8 Freeman et al (GSC) mapping

The early Matagami Years Matagami Syndicate (6 companies) • May-July 1956 Hunting dual frequency AEM (1/4 mile line spacing, 500’ elevation) • January 1957 McPhar (ground EM, mag) • June 4, 1957 (50’ ob, 200’ massive sulphide) included 88.5’ @ 8.99% Zn, 0.83% Cu 223 holes in three years identified 21.5Mt @ 12% Zn, 0.73% Cu, 1.31 opt Ag, 0.018 opt Au

1/2 mile MacKay, Paterson - Geophysics Discoveries in the Matagami, Quebec - 1959

77°43’ W

77°43’ W

0.4

290 0

2825

49°43’30”

350 0

30 00

49°43’30”

0.6

0.6

0.6 0.8

0.4

2900

4 0.

7161

7161

2825

0 280

Total Field Aeromagnetics

Ratio of High/Low Phase Response

Original Airborne Magnotometer & EM Contours of Mattagami Lake Mines, Quebec Hunting Survey Corporation (Canso) 1956/57 Survey

12+00E

0+00

6+00W

1200

11 50

0 120

New Hosco

110 0

1300

Ground Magnetometer Contours & Horizontal Loop E.M. Profiles

12 00

140 0

18 00

00 12

2000 4000 3000

1400

Allard

2000

0 110

DDH No.1 12 00

1250 1200

1300

IN

OUT

1200

Base Line

20%

1150

er Riv

12 00

130 0

12 50

0

1000 Ft

MacKay, Paterson - Geophysics Discoveries in the Matagami, Quebec - 1959

11 50

13 00

00 12

13 00

1200

14+00N 0.40

New Hosco

10+00N

Residual Gravity Contours (milligals)

0.00 0 0.6

5+00NS

1.5 0

1.10

1.20

1.30

0 1.0

Base Line

Allard

0 1.0

DDH No.1

0 0.8

0.60 0.40

60 0.

10+00S

0 0.2

0 .0 0

0.30

er Riv

5+00S

0

1000 Ft

MacKay, Paterson - Geophysics Discoveries in the Matagami, Quebec - 1959

The Early Matagami Success Discovery

Year

Method

Mattagami 1957 AEM (VLEM, Magnetics) Bell Allard south 1957 DDH, Magnetics? Garon Lake 1957 AEM (HLEM,Magnetics) New Hosco 1958 Amag, HLEM Orchan 1958 AEM (VLEM, Magnetics) Radiore (Norita) 1959 HLEM, Magnetics Radiore 2 1961 Ground EM Area covered by 30-100’ of overburden, few outcrops Exploration approach - Airborne EM/Mag, ground follow-up

Matagami Mining Camp ~ 1961 New Hosco Norita Nor th F

Sou th

109

lank

Town of Matagami

Orchan Mine Bell Allard South

0

3000

Matagami Metres Montréal

Québec 0 200 km

Radiore 2

Fla nk

Mattagami Lake

Chibougamau

Garon Lake

Gabbro Dumagami Rhyolite Wabassee Basalt Interface Watson Lake Rhyolite Bell River Igneous Complex Granite Peridotite Diabase Sulphides Closed Mine Resource Producing Mine

The Next 20 Years West Camp • Phelps Dodge discovered in 1972. AEM program with ground EM/Mag follow-up • subsequent discovery of Cavalier and Lynx (ground geophysics)

Matagami • Extensive HLEM/Mag, DDH • No significant discoveries

Refocusing Exploration 1979-1999 Matagami • There were no new reserves added to the Matagami camp since 1961. In 1979 Noranda opened an exploration office dedicated to the Matagami camp • 1985 Ilse Dieu and Norita East discovered (Strat drilling) • 1991 Orchan West (resource) • 1993 Bell Allard (Geology, BHPEM) • BHP, 1993 DeepEM/mag leads to Caber discoveries

The Simple Exploration Model

Hx Hz Gravity

Magnetic 3000m

Overburden

2950m

R2

2900m

R1

2850m 2800m lt Fau

Massive Sulphides Magnetite Alteration Zone Dyke

2750m

0

100 metres

200

2700m

Schematic Central South Flank Section

206°

026° MLM

1- Reactivated ex: Orchan Mine, Orchan West - Chloritized basalt, schistose - Stringer mineralization in HW - Steeply dipping sulphide spires 2- Non- Reactivated eg: Isle-Dieu, Bell Allard - Semi-concordant sulphide lenses - Alteration absent in the hangingwall

BA

OR

red r e Inf

mi e s

for n -co

e on z n tio a r e alt e l b ma

Gabbro Basalt Dumagami rhyolite Watson Lake rhyolite Lower basalte inférieur (Allard) Exhalite (Key Tuffite) Sulphides Talc-chlorite alteration (pipe) Chlorite

Bell Allard BHPEM Results Z

Z Component

8 4

Off-hole Anomaly

1000m

-3000'

-1150m

-3500' BAS-93-30B

-1300m

0 Gabbro Watson Lake Rhyolite Wabassee Basalt Lower Basalt Upper Rhyolite Felsic Dyke

150m Intermediate Dyke Massive Sulphides Stringer, Low Grade Sulphides Tuffite Alteration Pipe Talc

-4000'

0

EOH 4311.6'

10

500'

100

O

S 206

O

O

O

Cross Component BHPEM Results N 026

X

X Component

Y Component 8

Conductor Located Above 90-30B

16

Y 8

4 -3000'

N 116

S 296

4

Conductor Located Left of 90-30B

-3000'

-3500'

-3500'

-4000'

0

E.O.H. 4311.6'

10 500'

-4000'

100

0

E.O.H. 4311.6'

10 500'

100

Borehole Physical Property Logging Seismic Program

Matagami 1996 - 3D Seismic Survey

Massive Sulphide

Alteration Pipe Reflections

Regional Geology - Matagami Area ~ 1999 Phelps-Dodge

North Flank

Norita east

Norita Garon Lake

New Hosco Town of Matagami

Caber

Radiore 2

Isle-Dieu Mattagami Lake

Orchan West

Orchan

Bell Allard 109

South Flank

Matagami Montréal

Québec 0 200 km

0 Gabbro Watson Lake Rhyolite Wabassee Basalt Andesite Sediments

Granite Peridotite Diabase Sulphides Tuff

5 kilometres

10

40 Years Later - What Next? Depth of exploration >1000m (3-D seismic, strat DDH) Geophysical target well understood yet direct targeting ended in the early 1980s ….. WHY? Too Deep? AEM last discovery was in 1972?? Yet INPUT and other surveys flown and sometimes more than once??? 1999 - Moving from Qualitative to Quantitative Solutions • Physical Property data (seismic experience) • Common Earth (3-D modelling/visualization) • Compiled Case Histories (benchmarking) • Test site (Science Validation)

Noranda Common Earth Vision Gocad - Mira Geoscience Surface topography (seismic volume)

3-D modelling and Visualization Solving “real earth” problems

Geochem Bell Allard South

Geophysics (3-D Seismic)

Magnetic Interpretation/Modelling Based on Deposit Signatures 2191a 2191a New New Hosco Hosco

2640a Total Field Geomagnetics 2640a

1 km

2743C 2743C

Perseverance 2571a 2571a

Equinox

2743b 2743b

2650a 2650a 3150a 3150a

2611b 2611b 2960a 2960a

3120a 3120a 3170 3170 33

BX BX

June 1999

Sulphide-B Sulphide-B

Two Clearly defined targets! Perceived wrong Geology? No Conductors?

Depth to the top of 56 Abitibi base metal deposits 35

Prospecting and shallow geophysics

No# Deposits Discovered

40

30 25 20 15 10 5

Kidd Creek Deposits > 25Mt Horne Perseverance Why the Gap If we can Normétal effectively Probe to 250m? Selbaie Grevet Does this imply an Opportunity Matagami Lake for Shallow Discoveries? Mobrun P-West Equinox Caber Quémont Delbridge

targets

Corbet La Ronde (z20) Bell Allard Norbec Louvicourt Millenbach Norita Est Gallen s-t Ribago Isle Dieu Orchan west Bouchard-Hébert Ansil Horne zone 5

Stratigraphic drilling

0 0

50

250

500

Depth to top - meters

1000

1200

Test area location Study Area

4 L1

0 139

0

30 187

188 15

132 0

0

01 42 L1

36

16

0 180 36

0 14189

123

01 39 01 L1 38 L1

29

14

124

01 41 01 L1 40 L1

37

182

L1 37 01 L1 36 01 L1 35 01

0

0 36

182

Phelps-Dodge @20m 29

0

0

0

0

0

177

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

23

185

192

0 0

0

0

0

0

0

L1 22 L1 01 21 01

35

193

01 02 L1

0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0

0

0

0 216

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 0

33

180

0

31

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

14

0 0 0 154 41 212 33

192 0

0

0

36

36 0 0

190

0

0

0

207

30

41

0

157

36

50

26

168

17

153

40

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

28

19 93

L1 24 L1 01 23 01

L1 22 01

27 165 29

0 0

0 200

30

0

182 0

0 135

0

01 07 L1

132

0

16

0

0

0 163

195

190

23

0

0

33

0

12

41 23 152

16 15 147

0 157

33

37 129

16 186

01 09 01 L1 08 L1

147

0

136

15 0 0 138

01 10 L1

32

181

0

01 11 L1

0 98

0 29

0

0 0

0

0

0

12

0

0

20

174 0

0 79

198

30

198

0

0

175191 36 32

0

0 176

22 0

0

0

0

155 135 25

177

36 0

40 124

26 0

0

0

177

194

32

0

18

17

35

0

0 0

01 06 L1

0

38

168 26

0

21

33

20

170

0

0 24 168 155

0 165

Caber @120m

37

172

13

39 140 19 21 0

145 0

0 170

37 166

176

0

38

34

0

0 0

0 0

35

L1 05 01

114

0

0

0 113

0

0

0 42 92

0

17

145

15

131

39

167

127 16 89 41 131 44 91 39

146 30 01 18 182 L1 701 1 01 L1 16 L1

0

0

0

0

0

108

L1 L1 15 14 01 01

L1 29 01 L1 28 01

0

0

0

0

L1 04 01

188 25

184

0

0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0

15

134

16

152

0

0

0

L1 27 01 L1 26 01 L1 25 01

0

0

0

36

184 0

0

0

0 0

0 0

0

0 0

0 0

0

0

0

0 0

0

0

03 01

L1 33 L1 01 32 01 L1 31 01

0

0 0

0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 0

0

37

177

0

0

0

44

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

37 129

37

172 148

37

165

38 101

L1 13 01

96

141

L1 12 01

0

74

0

0

L1 L1 2 10 1 L 20 L 1 1 19 01 L 1 180 0 1 18 3 02

35

0

0

0

0

0 41

93 59

0

0

0

0

64

0

26

0

0

0

149

0

0

0 183 0

17

0

0

0

0

146

0

0 0

0

0

0

0

0

L1 37 01

The test area had three known massive sulphide bodies located at varying depths in a relatively resistive environment although all covered with overburden

0

0 0

0 0

L1 30 01

0 115

L1 36 01

37

0 0 166 25 01 159 21 0 47 L1 601 1 4 0 L1 1 45 01 L 44 1 L1 0 43 0 1 L1 42 1 L 01 41 01 L1 40 L1 01 39 01 L1 38 L1

L1 35 01

189

01 48 L1

L1 34 01

01 50 L1 01 49 L1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 0

0

L1 15 01

01 06 L1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

01 07 L1

0

0

0

36

177

32 0

0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0

0

30

209

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

01 09 01 L 1 1 08 L

0

0 0

0 0

0

01 10 L1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

37 0

0

0

0

0 0 0 0

0

0

0

0

0

0 0

0

0

01 11 L1

0

0

0

0

0

0

00

0

0

0

16

156

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 0

0

0

32 0

0

0

L1 01 01

0

0204

0

0 0

0

L1 03 01

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0 0

0

0

01 16 L1

0

L1 05 01 L1 04 01

0

0

0

0

0

0

L1 12 01

58 42 31 57 53 5111959 46

127 0

0

0

0

0

36 0

181

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

011 1870 LL111

L1 14 01 L1 13 01

0

0

0

0

0

LL1 210 L 90 1 L 1 118 18 02 03

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Caber North @ 200m

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 0

0 00

0

0

0 0

0

0

0

0 0

0

0

35

203

0

0 0

0

0 0

31

204

0

0

0

0

0

0

33

L1 23 01

23

189

0

0

0

0 0 192

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

37

170 0

0

L1 28 01

0

0

22

184

0

0

34

189

L1 27 01

0 174

L1 26 01 L1 25 L1 01 24 01

0

L1 33 L1 01 32 01

0

L1 31 01

0

0

L1 30 01 L1 29 01

0

0

0

18

165

29107 18713 33 0 0

0

0

0

0

L1 34 01

14 191

120

0

0

35

190 29

181

27

183

14

116

0

0

0

0

Caber ch6 ch5 ch4 ch3 ch2 ch1

INPUT 1981

CABER NORTH C zone

10200 E

MEGATEM

10100 E

10000 E

BXCh16 BXCh14 BXCh12 BXCh10 BXCh8

10300El

10200El gabbro

basalt

CABER SECTION

10100El

10000El

noranda

Test of Caber Deposit INPUT 1984

AEROTEM

Caber

SPECTREM 2000 90 Hz

Caber

Caber

QUESTEM 25 Hz

Caber

Test of Caber Deposit GEOTEM db-dt 30 Hz

Caber

MEGATEM dB-dt 90 Hz

Caber

GEOTEM db-dt 90 Hz

Caber

MEGATEM B-field 90 Hz

Caber

Historical AEM Performance Best Case prospected ground coverage 1975 = 10% 1990 = 46% 2000 = 100% 1975

1990

50 m 100 m

Signal/noise over PD1 versus off-time channels 80

150 m

MEGATEM 90Hz B (2000)

200 m

S/B

60 40

6 times

20

INPUT (1982)

0 0.1

1

ms

10

2000

1975

Perseverance - MEGATEM Discovery INPUT 1983

Noranda Pick

BXCh16 BXch16 BXCh14 BXch14 BXCh12 BXch12 BXch10 BXCh10 BXch8 BXCh8

MEGATEM

Ground mag INPUT MEGATEM 3000m

3000m

2950m

81-3

2900m

2900m 2850m

2950m

4

2850m

2 1

2800m 2750m

Section 30250

Max-Min Survey (1777 Hz) over Perseverance 1981 : 400 ft line spacing

2000 : 50 m line spacing

PEM Surveys of Perserverance 1982

Z comp

X comp

Weak Indication…… Overburden?

Matagami Mining Camp - 2000 New Hosco Norita Nor th F

Sou th

Isle-Dieu

Norita East

109

lank

Town of Matagami

Fla nk

Mattagami Lake

Orchan West

Bell Allard Mine

Orchan Mine Bell Allard South

Chibougamau

Garon Lake

0

3000

Matagami

Gabbro Dumagami Rhyolite Wabassee Basalt Interface Watson Lake Rhyolite Bell River Igneous Complex Granite Peridotite Diabase Sulphides Closed Mine Resource Producing Mine

Metres Montréal

Québec 0 200 km

Perseverance Project

Equinox - Section 29825E

198°

14500N

NO GO ZONE RUNWAY

14600N

018°

14800N

14700N

14900N

ROAD

3000m

13.78% Zn, 0.76% Cu/ 19.20m

2950m

5.60%Zn, 3.02%Cu/23.70m Massive Rhyolite

25.53%Zn, 1.31%Cu/14.50m 17.97%Zn, 1.49%Cu/9.93m

18.22%Zn, 1.22%Cu/ 8.90m 22.87%Zn, 1.24%Cu/ 49.36m

29.62%Zn, 1.76%Cu/ 28.75m

7.70%Zn, 0.68%Cu/ 20.80m Rhyolite (Watson) Upper Rhyolite Gabbro Altered Rhyolite Alteration Pipe Mineralized Pipe Tuffite Massive Sulphides Semi-Massive Sulphides Felsic Dyke Intermediate Dyke Magnetite Tonalite Fault Zone Granite Lamprophyre Dyke

2850m

59

47

51 177.0m 50 58 183.0m 180.0m 46 243.0m

201.0m 322.5m

2800m 48 243.0m

2750m

PER-00-92 252.0m

2700m 01

04

307.0m

411.0m

Mineralized Pipe/Semi-Massive Sulphides /68.25m

02 610.0m

Equinox - Section 29775E

198° 14500N

14600N

14800N

14700N

NO GO ZONE RUNWAY

018° 14900N

ROAD

3000m

23.96% Zn, 1.17% Cu/ 87.23m

Massive Rhyolite

A-12 2950m

0.05% Zn, 2.85% Cu/4.76m 0.06% Zn, 4.49% Cu/2.70m 2900m 56

55

18.20% Zn, 1.00% Cu/57.92m

? Rhyolite (Watson) Upper Rhyolite Gabbro Altered Rhyolite Alteration Pipe Mineralized Pipe Tuffite Massive Sulphides Semi-Massive Sulphides Felsic Dyke Intermediate Dyke Magnetite Tonalite 6.22% Zn, Fault Zone Granite Chunky Dyke

2850m

15.62% Zn, 1.30% Cu/ 39.0m

?

52

11 38

12

66

12.24% Zn, 0.68% Cu / 75.01m (inc. all dykes)

207.0m

2750m

09 42 05

9.86% Zn, 1.08% Cu/ 27.10m 11.61% Zn, 1.32% Cu/9.00m 2700m

399.0m

1.79% Cu / 35.00m

2800m

03 07 430.8m

537.0m

AEM Technology Improvements Translates to New Successes Fugro - MEGATEM Perseverance (inferred) 1.1 Mt @ 16.8% Zn, 1.2% Cu, 26 gpt Ag, 0.35 gpt Au 0.2 Mt @ 14.7% Zn, 2.1% Cu, 25 gpt Ag, 0.46 gpt Au

Perseverance West (inferred) 0.9 Mt @ 16,7% Zn, 1.6% Cu, 52 gpt Ag, 0.72 gpt Au

Equinox (inferred) 2.8 Mt @ 16.7% Zn, 1,2% Cu, 32 gpt Ag, 0.35 gpt Au

Matagami Area Total Contained Metal Exploration Statistics 5,000,000

C o n ta in e d T o n n e s Zn

Early years

The next 20 years

Refocus Exploration

Matagami Exploration Office Established in 1979

4,500,000 4,000,000 3,500,000

Perseverance 3,000,000 Equinox 2,500,000 P-West 2,000,000

Mattagami Lake Orchan New Hosco Garon Lake Radiore #2

Isle Dieu, Norita East Bell Allard

1,500,000 1,000,000

Norita

500,000

19 5 19 6 5 19 8 6 19 0 6 19 2 6 19 4 6 19 6 6 19 8 7 19 0 7 19 2 7 19 4 7 19 6 7 19 8 8 19 0 8 19 2 8 19 4 8 19 6 8 19 8 9 19 0 9 19 2 9 19 4 9 19 6 9 20 8 00

0 Orchan West

Year Total of production + reserves and resources associated with initial discovery year

Discovery Method and Date “Geo” Always important! 20-03-2000 ❖ Perseverance Airborne EM Survey followed by surface EM, and borehole Pulse EM (2650a) (Changed the Geologic Model!) 19-04-2000 ❖ Equinox Magnetics 2611b (weak EM, pwl noise) 20-04-2000 ❖ P-West Magnetics (weak EM)

L2 0

300 00

0N

E-09 E-62-15 NMW-00-06 P-61-01

E-62-13

E-61-02 E-62-12

DJV-85-03

E-62-14

87

DJV-86-08

E-61-09

E-61-05

A-66-03 A-66-01

E-61-04

85°

E-61-06 E-61-06A

A-59-090

TR-1

L-80-1

DJV-89-21 A-59-091 A-59-105 A-59-103 A-59-107

41

W-10

E-61-10

NMW-86-04 A-7

E-61-07 BOS-82-03

V-60-10

L-91-3

A-66-04

S-69-11 S-69-12

S-69-08

❈

NMW-85-1

S-69-07 S-70-03 S-70-05 S-69-10 S-69-09 S-70-04

S-69-06

S-70-02

E-62-11B AU-66-02

V-60-11

NMW-85-01

BOS-82-05

TR-2

A-59-102 A-59-099

S-70-01

A-5,8

DJV-89-17 CO-58-01

AU-66-01

AU-66-03

DJV-89-18 CO-58-03

L-90-1

CO-58-02

TR-3

A-2

DJV-89-19

A-05 CO-58-04

L-91-2

AU-66-04

BOS-81-03

TR-12

DJV-84-02

A-03

DJV-96-05 DJV-85-05

A-02

TR-11

W-14 DJV-98-41

DJV-84-01 80° TR-5

TR-10

45°

DJV-89-20

ID6-89-4

ID6-89-3 L-80-03

TR-7 TR-6

BOS-82-02

TR-4

DJV-91-23 W-31 A-08

A-01

A-07

0

A-06

85°

A-04

A-11

w Ne

BOS-82-01 W-36

o sc Ho

W-30 W-22

W-21 W-32 W-33 W-38 W-37

DJV-00-48

W-41

ID6-89-2

CO-58-06

Perseverance, Equinox P-West BOS-81-05

DJV-98-39

ie Dan

ult Fa

A-10

55

W-28

W-20

?

W-35

l Fa

45°

ul t

W-34 W-34A

DJV-84-04EXT DJV-84-04

W-29

Possible Trace Of Key Tuffite

BOS-81-04

W-42

W-13

45°

?

☞

W-19

?

?

30°

W-23

85°

❈

❈

85°

85°

❈

W-04

BOS-81-03

62 W-18 85°

DJV-00-45A

W-24

?

DJV-87-14

B-80-02A B-80-02B B-80-02C

DJV-00-45

Dumagami Rhyolite ? (To Be Confirmed)

A-12

DJV-86-11EXT DJV-86-11

82

DJV-00-46

B-80-02D

BOS-79-01

DJV-00-44

DJV-87-13

W-17

85°

DJV-85-04

45°

DJV-00-47

75 85°

P-19

P-14 DJV-85-02

BOS-81-01 B-81-02

P-20

P-21

P-16

P-17

W-05 51-8

51-10

B-80-04

DJV-86-12

51-7 51-351-9

30°

DJV-84-03 51-4

P-15

51-2

51-12

P-05

DJV-96-29

P-13 P-12

P-09

51-5

P-06

51-1

BOS-80-03 P-10

P-07

P-18 P-04

51-11

51-6

DJV-96-28

DJV-84-05

W-40

W-16

51-14

45°

W-06 W-01

W-44

51-13 P-02

☞

P-11

P-08

DJV-86-10

W-02 BA-74-03 W-03 W-08 BOS-80-01

DJV-97-34

W-15 45°

DJV-97-35

BA-74-02

P-01

DJV-86-09

DJV-98-42

DJV-85-01

DJV-94-25

W-12

W-07

W-39

DJV-85-07 DJV-85-06 DJV-88-16A DJV-88-16 W-26 W-27

P-03 BA-74-01

DJV-97-32

PRE-97-06

DJV-88-15

DJV-96-26 DJV-99-37A

IM-4

W-25

IM-5

DJV-98-37

102-74-5 102-74-4

45°

8204-84-6EXT 8204-84-6 W-11 DJV 96 27

Anorthositic Gabbro Strongly Magnetic Gabbro (Fe/Ti) Peridotite Undifferentiated Intrusive Quetico Gneiss Matagami Sediments Taibi Sediments Massive Sulphides Semi-Massive Sulphides

Dunlop Tonalite McIvor Tonalite Granophyre Diorite Monzonite Quartz Diorite Olga/Quartz Diorite Diabase Magnetic Gabbro

Iron Formation Dunlop Granodiorite Granite Pegmatite Tonalite Cavelier Tonalite Watson Basalt Mafic Volcanics Syenite

Allard Andesite (mas/und) Allard Andesite (bre) Allard Andesite (pil) Watson Andesite Allard Basalt Allard Basalt (bre) Allard Basalt (pil) Bell Basalt (mas/und) Bell Basalt (pil)

Phelps Dodge Tuff Watson Rhyolite Allard Rhyolite Rhyolite Dumagami Rhyodacite (Upper) Phelps Dodge Rhyodacite Watson Dacite Allard Dacite Bell Dacite

PRE-97-07

IM-3

Stringer Zone New-Hosco Tuff Mafic Tuff

0

0

500m 500m

250 metres

ID6-89-1

CM-58-6

☞

80°

DJV-98-40 DJV-90-22

?

W-43 A-09

45°

☞

45

E-61-03

A-59-093

304 00E

NMW-85-02

E-62-11

A-59-118

66

303 00E

A 59 116

A-59-087

80

302 00E

301 00E

2000 Discoveries

29

N

The Next 20 Years??

❖ We have significantly improved our ability to target deposits.. Geophysics will continue to play a role. Perseverance demonstrates more to be found ❖ Advances in geophysics led to a significant change in our understanding of the local geology ❖ Common Earth modelling (geophysics, geology, geochem) and advanced geologic studies will lead to new discoveries.

Geophysical Techniques for VMS Exploration in Matagami Camp John Gingerich Michel Allard March 12, 2001