Comp Clin Pathol (2014) 23:949–953 DOI 10.1007/s00580-013-1719-3
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Hematological parameters of pike Esox lucius in relation to different ages and seasons Farzin Jamalzad Fallah & Hossein Khara & Javad Daghygh Roohi & Mohammad Sayad Boorani
Received: 17 June 2012 / Accepted: 27 February 2013 / Published online: 18 April 2013 # Springer-Verlag London 2013
Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess of some hematological parameters of Esox lucius collected from Anzali wetland from fall 2010 to summer 2011. Variations in hematological parameters such as hematocrit (Ht), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), erythrocyte (RBC) and leukocyte (WBC) counts, mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils of fish were compared according to age and seasonal differences. Analysis of variance showed significant differences in values of white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), MCV, MCH, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils between ages. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in RBC and WBC between all seasons. However, there were no significant differences in Ht, Hb, MCHC, MCH, MCV, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils between all seasons. Results of current study may be helpful in establishing a hematological data bank for this species including standard values of blood parameters. Keywords Blood indices . Hoop net . Anzali wetland . Esox lucius F. J. Fallah (*) : H. Khara Department of Fishery and Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resource, Islamic Azad university—Lahijan Branch, P.O. Box 1616, Lahijan, Iran e-mail:
[email protected] J. D. Roohi : M. S. Boorani Inland Waters Aquaculture Institute, P.O. Box 66, Bandar anzali, Iran
Introduction Hematological parameters reflect physiological changes occurring in organism; therefore, detailed information can be obtained on general metabolism and health status of fish in different groups of species, age, and habitat (Akinrotimi et al. 2009). Hematological parameters are repeatedly used as an essential diagnostic tool to assess the health condition of fish. Also, changes in hematological parameters depend on the fish species, age, the cycle of sexual maturity, and condition of health (Hrubec et al. 2001). Hematological parameters are closely related to the response of the animal to the environment, an indication that the environment where fish lives could exert some influence on the hematological characteristics (Kori-Siakpere 1985). Hematological parameters of fish can change by some physiological factors, for example, sex, size, and health status and reproduction (Hlavova 1993; Joshi 1982; Nespolo and Rosenmann 2002; Ranzani-Paiva and Godinho 1985). These factors also can be influenced by external factors such as season, water, temperature, food, stress, different pollutions, and diseases (Mahajan and Dheer 1979; Tavares-Dias et al. 1999; Rios et al. 2002). Analysis of hematological parameters is one of the most valuable diagnostic tools to understand fish health. Recently, Anver (2004) established that the physiological values of hematological parameters are species specific and age dependent. Research on blood of Salmo gardineri (Denton and Yousef 1975), Tilapia zilii (Ezzat et al. 1973), flounder Scophthalmus aquosus (Dawson 1990), Caspian salmon Salmo trutta caspius (Jamalzadeh and Ghomi 2009), and Catla catla (Pradhan et al. 2011) revealed that hematological parameters were affected in different seasons. Despite the importance of Esox lucius as a highly valued species, little
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Comp Clin Pathol (2014) 23:949–953
information is available concerning its blood hematology. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of blood parameters in pike at different ages and in different seasons.
the SPSS 16 for windows. Differences between means were determined by Duncan multiple range test (p
