(Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) from the Korean ...

Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 11 (2018) 255e258

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Original Article

Three new records of the subfamily Mirinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) from the Korean Peninsula Junggon Kim, Sunghoon Jung* Laboratory of Systematic Entomology, Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea

a r t i c l e i n f o

a b s t r a c t

Article history: Received 31 January 2018 Received in revised form 28 March 2018 Accepted 11 April 2018 Available online 17 April 2018

A total of three new records of the plant bug subfamily Mirinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) are reported from the Korean Peninsula with findings of Apolygus fraxinicola (Kerzhner, 1988), Neolygus juglandis (Kerzhner, 1988), and Polymerus amurensis Kerzhner, 1988. Diagnoses, descriptions of genitalia, and biological information of each species are provided. Ó 2018 National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA), Publishing Services by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Keywords: Apolygus fraxinicola Neolygus juglandis new record Polymerus amurensis The Korean Peninsula

Introduction

Materials and methods

The subfamily Mirinae is most diverse group in Miridae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera) with more than 4100 described species (Schuh 2002e2013; Schuh and Slater 1995; Schwartz 2008) and represents one of the most important heteropteran groups economically because this contains many well-known insect pests, as well as predators which can be used as biological control agents in agriculture and in forestry (Wheeler 2000a; 2000b; 2001). However, this subfamily has been dealt partially in Korean fauna by some researchers before recent comprehensive study of this group, and as a result of the study, many species have been recorded and newly described (Kim and Jung 2016a; 2016b; 2016c; Kim et al 2017; Kim et al 2015, etc.). In this study, three mirine species, Apolygus fraxinicola (Kerzhner, 1988), Neolygus juglandis (Kerzhner, 1988), and Polymerus amurensis Kerzhner, 1988, are first recorded from the Korean Peninsula. Diagnoses, descriptions of genitalia of each species, illustrations of main diagnostic characters, and biological information such as host plant are provided.

Photographs were taken by Leica DMC 2900 camera combined with Leica M165C microscope. All measurements were taken using a software program (LAS Interactive Measurements) installed on the same microscope. All measurements are given in millimeters (mm). To examine genitalia, genital segment was detached and heated in 10% KOH solution at 70 C for 5 min. Then, it was placed in distilled water and was dissected to observe parameres and endosoma under the microscope. Terminology mainly follows Yasunaga (1991a) and Gapon (2014). Depository of examined specimens is Laboratory of Systematic Entomology, Chungnam National University (CNU), Daejeon, Korea. Distribution and host plant with an asterisk mean its new record.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: þ82 42 821 5767; fax: þ82 42 823 8679. E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Jung). Peer review under responsibility of National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA).

Taxonomic accounts Genus Apolygus China, 1915 무늬고리장님노린재속 Apolygus China, 1941: 60 (as subgenus of Lygus; upgraded by Miyamoto, 1987: 582; Lu and Zheng, 1997: 162). Type species: Lygaeus limbatus Fallen, 1807. Diagnosis. Recognized by body generally greenish and brownish, oval; antennal cylindrical, antennae length not longer than body length; vertex width as long as compound eye width; compound eye reaching to anterior margin of pronotum laterally; scutellum somewhat flattened; spines of hindtibia dark brown; apex of

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2018.04.003 pISSN2287-884X eISSN2287-9544/Ó 2018 National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA), Publishing Services by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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cuneus with dark marking generally; sensory lobe of left paramere broadly developed; endosoma with wing-shaped sclerites and various shaped sclerites. Apolygus fraxinicola (Kerzhner, 1988) 물푸레장님노린재 (신칭) (Figure 1) Lygocoris (Apolygus) fraxinicola Kerzhner, 1988: 28; Yasunaga, 1992: 18. Diagnosis. Recognized by body mostly dark brown; base of second antennal segment pale brown; anterior part of pronotum with one pair of dark spots; scutellum dark brown; femur sanguineous (Figure 1A); hypophysis of left paramere rounded, its apex somewhat long; hypophysis of right paramere thick and blunt; endosoma with one long needle-shaped spicule and five sclerites; needle-shaped spicule much longer than wing-shaped sclerite; lateral sclerite curved and rounded laterally (Figure 1BeD). Description. See Yasunaga (1992) for detailed description. Genitalia. Left paramere with broadly developed hypophysis, its apex somewhat long (Figure 1B); right paramere with thick and blunt hypophysis (Figure 1C); endosoma membranous with one long needle-shaped spicule and five sclerites; needle-shaped spicule much longer than wing-shaped sclerite; wing-shaped sclerite with distinct teeth laterally; ventral sclerite straight and thick to subapical part; lateral sclerite curved and rounded laterally; sublateral sclerite elongated with distinct spinules and median sclerite longer than ventral sclerite (Figure 1D). Measurements (in mm). Male (n ¼ 2): body length, tylus-apex of membrane: 4.67e4.73; head length, excluding collar: 0.38e0.40; head width, including compound eyes: 1.17e1.19; vertex width: 0.45e0.46; 1st antennal segment length: 0.59e0.60; 2nd antennal segment length: 1.85e1.88; 3rd antennal segment length: 1.15e1.17; 4th antennal segment length: 0.78e0.79; mesal pronotal length: 0.82e0.86; basal pronotal maximal width (straight): 1.97e2.01; anterior scutellumal width: 1.24e1.26; mesal scutellumal length: 1.01e1.04; commissure length: 1.13e1.15; hindleg (femur: tibia: tarsus): 2.00e2.04: 2.89e2.91: 0.67e0.68. Specimen examined. [CNU] 2__, Dongsan-myeon, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Korea, 10 vii 2014, by light trap (J Kim leg.); [CNU] 1_, Daegwanryeong-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, 17 vii 2016, by light trap (J Kim leg.) Distribution. Korea*, Japan, Russia (Far East).

Hosts. Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Fraxinus mandshurica, Syringa reticulata (Oleaceae) (Kerzhner 1988; Yasunaga 1992). Genus Neolygus Knight, 1916 Neolygus Knight, 1917: 561 (as subgenus of Lygus s. lat.). Type species: Lygus communis Knight, 1917. Neolygus: Kelton, 1971: 8 (as subgenus of Lygocoris). Neolygus: Yasunaga, Schwartz & Chérot, 2002: 4 (as genus). Diagnosis. Recognized by body oval, generally greenish; antennae as long as length of body; sensory lobe of left paramere not developed; apical part of sensory lobe of parameres with variable protuberance. Neolygus juglandis (Kerzhner, 1988) 호두장님노린재 (신칭) (Figure 2) Lygocoris (Neolygus) juglandis Kerzhner, 1988: 17; Yasunaga, 1991b: 602. Lygocoris (Neolygus) juglandicola Yasunaga, 1999: 28. Neolygus juglandis: Yasunaga & Schwartz, 2005: 63. Diagnosis. Recognized by first antennal segment brown; apex of second antennal segment dark brown; third and fourth segments dark brown; vertex relatively wide; pronotum greenish brown with one pair of large dark markings; hemelytra almost greenish; clavus almost dark brown; posterior part of corium with dark markings; cuneus entirely greenish (Figure 2A); hypophysis of right paramere thick; endosoma with distinctly long and twisted spicule; spicule strongly curved subapically; sublateral sclerite somewhat slender (Figure 2BeD). Description. See Yasunaga (1991b) for description in detail. Genitalia. Left paramere with slightly broad hypophysis, its apex somewhat blunt, sensory lobe developed basally, its apical part narrow and weakly protruded apically (Figure 2B); right paramere with relatively thick and straight hypophysis, sensory lobe weakly protruded apically (Figure 2C); endosoma membranous with one long and twisted median sclerite, curved subapically, ventral sclerite slender (Figure 2D). Measurements (in mm). Male (n ¼ 2): body length, tylus-apex of membrane: 5.95e5.98; head length, excluding collar: 0.39e0.41; head width, including compound eyes: 1.17e1.18; vertex width: 0.45e0.46; 1st antennal segment length: 0.64e0.65; 2nd antennal segment length: 2.36e2.39; 3rd antennal segment length: 1.22e

Figure 1. Dorsal habitus and genital structures of Apolygus fraxinicola: A, dorsal habitus; B, left paramere; C, right paramere; D, endosoma. ls ¼ lateral sclerites; ms ¼ median sclerite; ns ¼ needle-shaped spicule; sls ¼ sublateral sclerite; vsc ¼ ventral sclerites; ws ¼ wing-shaped sclerite. .


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Figure 2. Dorsal habitus and genital structures of Neolygus juglandis: A, dorsal habitus; B, left paramere; C, right paramere; D, endosoma. ms ¼ median sclerite; vsc ¼ ventral sclerites. .

1.23; 4th antennal segment length: 0.75e0.76; mesal pronotal length: 1.03e1.06; basal pronotal maximal width (straight): 2.00e 2.03; anterior scutellumal width: 1.25e1.27; mesal scutellumal length: 1.04e1.06; commissure length: 1.16e1.17; hindleg (femur: tibia: tarsus): 1.95e1.97: 3.46e3.51: 0.71e0.72. Specimen examined. [CNU] 2__, Hwangji-dong, Taebaek-si, Gangwon-do, on Juglans sinensis, Korea, 25 v 2016 (J Kim leg.) Distribution. Korea*, China (Central East, North), Japan, Russia (Far East). Hosts. Juglans mandshurica (Juglandaceae) (Kerzhner, 1988; Yasunaga, 1991b), J. sinensis* (Juglandaceae). Genus Polymerus Hahn, 1831 Polymerus Hahn, 1831: 27. Type species: Polymerus holosericeus Hahn, 1831. Systratiotus Douglas & Scott, 1865: 443 (unnecessary new name for Polymerus). Metopicoris Odhiambo, 1960: 359 (as subgenus of Proboscidocoris; syn. Akingbohungbe, 1978: 93). Type species: Proboscidocoris nitidus Odhiambo, 1960.

Diagnosis. Recognized by body oval, generally fuscous to dark brown coloration, covered with silvery or golden pubescences; head prognathous; first antennal segment with spines; pronotum covered with sparse vestitures. Polymerus (Polymerus) amurensis Kerzhner, 1988 노란수염장님노 린재 (신칭) (Figure 3) Polymerus amurensis Kerzhner, 1988: 15; Gapon, 2014: 37. Diagnosis. Recognized by body almost dark brown; antennal almost pale brown; posterior margin of pronotum yellowish pale brown; hemelytra entirely dark brown except for pale inner apex and posterior part of corium, apex of cuneus (Figure 3A); medial spicule distinctly curved subapically, spiculose plate with distinctly long and narrow part (Figure 3D). Description. See Gapon (2014) for detailed redescription. Genitalia. Left paramere much longer than right paramere (Figure 3A and B); left paramere with slightly broad hypophysis, its apex sharp, sensory lobe not developed (Figure 3B); right paramere

Figure 3. Dorsal habitus and genital structures of Polymerus amurensis: A, dorsal habitus; B, left paramere; C, right paramere; D, endosoma. bs ¼ basal sclerite; ms ¼ medial spicule; ps ¼ posterior spicule; sp ¼ spiculose plate; sps ¼ superio-posterior spicule. .

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with rod shaped, hypophysis shortly protruded (Figure 3C); endosoma membranous with spicule and sclerites; medial spicule curved subapically; basal sclerite long and widened; posterior sclerite tapered to apex; spiculose plate with distinctly long and narrow part; superio-posterior spicule tapered to apex, slight curved subapically, as long as basal sclerite (Figure 3D). Measurements (in mm). Male (n ¼ 3)/Female (n ¼ 3): body length, tylus-apex of membrane: 4.21e4.34/4.39e4.47; head length, excluding collar: 0.36e0.44/0.32e0.35; head width, including compound eyes: 1.02e1.04/1.03e1.09; vertex width: 0.47e0.49/0.53e0.57; 1st antennal segment length: 0.43e0.46/ 0.41e0.43; 2nd antennal segment length: 1.49e1.60/1.31e1.47; 3rd antennal segment length: 0.67e0.70/0.81e0.85; 4th antennal segment length: 0.83e0.86/0.98e1.02; mesal pronotal length: 0.89e0.91/0.64e0.68; basal pronotal maximal width (straight): 1.79e1.83/1.81e1.91; anterior scutellumal width: 0.99e1.01/1.28e 1.37; mesal scutellumal length: 0.78e0.88/1.05e1.07; commissure length: 0.89e0.93/0.88e0.98; hindleg (femur: tibia: tarsus): 1.52e 1.63: 2.13e2.33: 0.66e0.68/1.58e1.79: 2.24e2.43: 0.73e0.76. Specimen examined. [CNU] 3__6\\, Boksu-dong, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea, 14 v 2014 (J Kim leg); [CNU] 6__4\\, ditto, 24 v 2015 (J Kim leg); [CNU] 2__3\\, Baekwoon-san (Mt), Okryong-myeon, Gwangyang-si, Jeollanam-do, Korea, 2 v 2015 (J Kim leg.) Distribution. Korea*, Russia (Far East). Hosts. Unknown. Biology. This species is usually found in various herbal plants near stream in May in Korea. Remarks. Gapon (2014) indicated that all antennal segments of this species were yellowish, except for variation of dark apex of second segment. However, third and fourth segments are also dark sometimes in some individuals in Korea. Conflicts of interest The authors declare that there is no conflicts of interest. Acknowledgments This work was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (NRF2017R1D1A3B03033847) and supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR201811102 and 201801201). References China WE. 1941. A new subgeneric name for Lygus Reuter 1875 nec Hahn 1833 (Hemipt. Heteropt.). Proceeding of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B) 10:60. Douglas JW, Scott J. 1865. The British-Hemiptera. In Hemiptera-Heteroptera, vol. 1. London: The Ray Society.

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