High Latitude Tidal Environments and Their ...

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Examples of data. (Evangeline Sessford and AG-338 students). Page 20. Page 21. Page 22. Page 23. Preliminary monitoring of the modern system. Fluvial-tidal ...
High Latitude Tidal Environments and Their Implications for Facies Models and Stratigraphy – Examples from Braganzavågen, Svalbard

Maria Jensen, UNIS (University Centre in Svalbard) Eiliv Larsen, NGU (Geological Survey of Norway) Astrid Lyså, NGU (Geological Survey of Norway) Samuel Faucherre (University of Copenhagen)

High-Arctic coastal systems Characteristics possibly affecting facies and stratal stacking patterns

Permafrost Sea-ice cover Highly seasonal and irregular discharge Short depositional season Limited vegetation Post-glacial setting

(URL: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/bathymetry/arctic/arctic.html)

10 km

(TopoSvalbard: http://toposvalbard.npolar.no/index.html )

Progradational, tidal flat in a semi-enclosed basin

Sub-recent tidal flat deposits (1-2 m asl)

Modern tidal flat

Deglaciation c. 12 ka BP Marine limit c. 60 m asl.

Braganzavågen ca. 100 years ago – aggradation rate

Photo: A. Reuterskiöld 1917 Map: De Geer 1918

Today

Aim of study

Describe morphology of tidal bars and channels Describe sedimentological variations Understand processes responsible for sedimentary signature

Facies descriptions and 3D geometry of sub-recent tidal deposits

Surface samples & sediment cores

Surface samples and cores

Depositional processes and cyclicity in Braganzavågen

Sediment description, X-ray and ITRAX of a long sediment core (6m)

High-resolution X-ray – depositional processes of laminae and cyclic patterns

Channel morphology from aerial photographs

Two types of drainage system interacting in the tidal flat: •

River channels meander, bringing sediments, evolving every year and moving laterally



Tidal creeks, accommodating the tide water, very stable over the 19years studied period

Mapping morphology of bars and channels and describing sediments

N

N

(figure by AG-338 students, 2011)

Proximal

Distal

Sand body geometries Map of proximal – distal geometry trends from AG-338

Examples of data

(Evangeline Sessford and AG-338 students)

Preliminary monitoring of the modern system Fluvial-tidal interaction

High tide/ high discharge? Low tide/ low discharge?

Seasonal changes

August 2011

June 2011

(Forman et al 2004)

Examples of shoreline trajectories in glacially influenced basins (Mezen River, NW Russia)

(Jensen & Larsen, 2009: Shoreline trajectories on a glacially influenced stable margin, Basin Research)

Characteristics for Braganzavågen system: Clear tidal structures in modern shallow-water deposits Preservation potential? Rhythmites in deeper subtidal part High aggradation rates Forced regressive system

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