Identification and Ecophysiological Characterization of Epiphytic ...

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the AAV, Hesingborg, Egaa, Skagen, Hjorring, Horsens, Middelfart, Kerte- minde, and Aabybro WWTPs. ..... The lack of ac- tivity by some of the epiffora bacteria ...
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, Apr. 2008, p. 2229–2238 0099-2240/08/$08.00⫹0 doi:10.1128/AEM.02502-07 Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Vol. 74, No. 7

Identification and Ecophysiological Characterization of Epiphytic Protein-Hydrolyzing Saprospiraceae (“Candidatus Epiflobacter” spp.) in Activated Sludge䌤 Yun Xia, Yunhong Kong, Trine Rolighed Thomsen, and Per Halkjær Nielsen* Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark Received 6 November 2007/Accepted 30 January 2008

The identity and ecophysiology of a group of uncultured protein-hydrolyzing epiphytic rods attached to filamentous bacteria in activated sludge from nutrient removal plants were investigated by using the full-cycle rRNA approach combined with microautoradiography and histochemical staining. The epiphytic group consists of three closely related clusters, each containing 11 to 16 clones. The closest related cultured isolate is the type strain Haliscomenobacter hydrossis (ATCC 27775) (