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A. V. Vershkov, V. A. Masloboev

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ISSN 0372-2929

•L\aeTHttle MeTannt.1».

1995. ··. N2 2.

The possblty was J>rC?Ved experimentaly of ion Rotation applicability for REE recovery from phosphogypsum leaching solutions and extractional phosphoric acid. On treating leaching solutions with dialkylphosporic acids a solid sublate was formed whose extraction degree was as high as 95 %. Treatment of extractional phosphoric acid with alkyl sulphates resulted in twice as high REE concentration in foam product than in ithe residue.

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