Summary: The rapid development of communication technologies information has caused very significant and accelerated change in organizational culture in all.
International conference Information and Communication Technologies for Small and Medium Enterprises (ICTSME2011) Arandjelovac, Serbia, September 22-23, 2011
Impact of information technology on organizational culture Džemail Zornić*, Šemsudin Plojović**, Enis Ujkanović**, Lejla Ribić*** * Internatinal University of Novi Pazar, Department for Computer Science, Novi Pazar, Serbia ** Internatinal University of Novi Pazar, Department for Economics, Novi Pazar, Serbia *** Internatinal University of Novi Pazar, Department for Psichology, Novi Pazar, Serbia
Summary: The rapid development of communication technologies information has caused very significant and accelerated change in organizational culture in all sectors of business. Companies often develop an appropriate culture of the increasing application of leadership, announcing the winner of philosophy and objectives, organizational structure constant adjusting the constant changes in business environment, creating appropriate working climate, and more direct management of employees and their behavior. Employed must be trained, motivated to work with information technology and directed according to the published short-term and long term goals of the company / corporation. We will, in this, the article you try to approach the impact of ICT on organizational culture. Keywords: ICT, organizational culture, information systems, change, motivation.
INTRODUCTION The impact is difficult to "measure" and to put forward the obvious impact of ICT on organizational culture, we started from two basic assumptions: 1st Organizational culture that values, norms and customs, 2nd If operating in the ICT elements and functions of organizational culture, and then work on organizational culture. The existing organizational culture to be objectively identified, in order to enable its effective development to meet future needs. Most often she
will develop a harmonious future needs of the organization, it is necessary to appropriate direction by the leaders or top management. Organization Information Technical systems construct, connect and implement production management through the use of information, we are planning sales of goods and services on the basis of information from the market, directing the development with the help of scientific information, and so on. Information used for the creation and display of running an organization, and also to activate the feedback controller as organisation. In organization is almost all based on information and optimal organisation there is no actual, current and reliable information[3]. The organization is based on information, information organization, allows elimination of many unnecessary levels of coordination and leads to a substantial increase in effectiveness, because it eliminates many of which do nothing but coordinate. This organization does not recognize the importance of the infamous "control range", under which a number of subordinates determines only one manager. Establishment of a new principle of "communication range" instead of span of control that determines the scope of individuals to function successfully within the network. Redefine the controls, as it transforms from traditional monitoring in the ability to obtain information and their quality of processing and use.
Informational organizations, where the main information flows from top to bottom. The organization is based on the information is based on accountability and information flow is from bottom to top and back down again. IMPACT OF ICT ON THE ORGANIZATION The basic purpose of computer engineering, information technology and the business systems management is to serve as a backbone in dealing with both strategic and operational issues imposed by the modern market environment. Information forms of organization to a large extent the effect of increasing business performance. Restructuring of management, and its design, requires that organizational processes are based on the information. While the traditional, hierarchical structure, layered, an organization based on the information is "flat", with much less control levels, causing the disappearance of most of the traditional layers of management between the drive and control of top management[2].
Options
Use the organization of information and communication technologies
transactions
Transforming unstructured process routine transactions
geographic
Communicating quickly and easily at long distances,
Table 1.1. Possibilities of ICT and the consequences on the organization
The organizational structure of enterprises is the totality of connections and relationships between its stakeholders and within its stakeholders at all levels of the organization and the exact quantities required. Information communication technology and very effect on organizational structure and thus to its elements[2]. Location: ICT are the establishment of computer networks have eliminated the entire distance on the location of enterprises and allow companies to connect with the immediate and distant environment. In addition to internal connections Division of ICT made it possible to connect to external suppliers, distributors, transport, customers as well as government organizations, customs and so on. Capacity: Computer network, a knowledge of the current free capacity in the company, suppliers and so on. At any time you can check the schedule for shipments and track your goods during transports, regardless of whether you send it by truck, rail, ship or plane. Type of Business:
making processes independent of geographical location Automation analytics Information sequential
Reduce or replace human labor in the process Providing for a complex analytical process Getting large amounts of information Allowing changes in the order of tasks in the process, allowing simultaneous operation of multiple processes.
Knowledge and
It enables the exchange of knowledge and experts tracking
Management Monitoring
statistics, inputs and outputs
tasks Exchange
Quality of the offer is supported and reared using the whole system of ICT (telecommunications, videotext, video systems, digital PBX, phones, electronic data, electronic security systems, computers and multimedia in other words). Information and communication technologies have improved the core business of many companies thanks to the information available in one place and available to decision makers. In addition to improving the core business in a number of ICT are responsible for an expansion and the introduction of new products in the assortment[4].
Communicate directly without any intermediaries
HUMAN ORGANIZATION RESURSE The impact on social change, retraining, the need for IT education, the need for continued progress ICT
because they impose an obligation of lifelong learning. Such changes in organizations are not happy even greeted met with resistance. Now employed a different attitude towards work, learning every day, are motivated to work, they can express their creativity and simple yet full of feeling. With the advent of ICT, there was a need for additional training of existing staff and training of personnel who understand the technology and the indirect impact of ICT on the structure of teachers, employees' age, habits to follow news and technology[1]. Organisation of work The use of computers has caused the emergence of new businesses and new jobs. The organization has become much easier, some occupations are completely extinct, new jobs were created with the new working environment. Thanks ICT companies today have a different Hartă job with flexible job descriptions. Motivation for work The responsibility and reputation of IT is growing, and their motivation for work declined. The reason for this is a poorly paid job in relation to the administrative staff. You read it, we made a mistake, the fact is that this occurred at the beginning and unfortunately is still happening in some places. The driver of IT innovation, process innovation, reducing costs through "office without Paper" of control inputs, records, etc. are not adequately rewarded for it. Today the situation is far to the side of IT, of course, talking about developed and developing countries where the law every day more and more problems left to right in the IT sector companies. The world crisis has made her, managers realized that they must pay those who bring their savings and profits and that the administration is functioning only service company. EDUCATION STAFF A very important factor in the application of ICT is a permanent training of staff (from suppliers of IT equipment or by sending the appropriate courses, training, etc.).. Successful companies have
recognized this on time established hair and internal staff training sector which is responsible to train staff in using new technology and corporate development services, quality, competitiveness and so on. These companies have recognized this phenomenon are available to third parties or companies specialized training or to those companies that have been sold a software solution to bring your staff to work in the new environment. Real advantage is that there daily training while in the other two options I was training there when you introduce new software into a segment of the production, control, etc[5].
The formation and organization of organizational units Development of a functional organization to the highest level in the organizational scheme of a company. Information and communication technologies are, as we stated in greatly altered the traditional hierarchy of companies, included a new organizational unit, some existing and some are missing a few restructured. With the help of computer software can be extremely fast, accurate and quality create jobs, sectors, tasks, because information is always the case where you need, fresh and reliable. The functions of the company ICT supports the most features that are experiencing large amounts of data (eg, office supply, distribution, accountancy, sales, etc.).. In the beginning of creation and application of information technology is just like I was, however, the information technology in each and every part of the organization from the entrance to the top of the building in the company. Today you can not imagine functioning without the company computer, the Internet, no voice service, free online communication, etc. authorized access. On the other hand, the production hall in the robotic machine, the mobile software-controlled tape, Control of security, transport vehicles are built GPRS systems and many other software solutions. Border regional function The establishment of information systems based on single database, information technology seamlessly
cross the functional boundaries and data processing aiming at supporting all the processes in the organization. The use of ICT stabilized the business processes so that they become predictable, so they could analyse their opportunities and improve before they actually happen[5]. The simulation is possible that top management at any time, especially during the period of new collections, distributing advance to see how it will look like a product, packaging, advertising and so on. Integrations processes Information technology support all activities, so they can be called universal applicable. ICT can be applied in almost all processes, or integrate multiple processes into one system using databases, distributed systems, Internet and computer networks. EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY New technology has reached all parts of the company to function successfully, that their relationship less strong but flexible with which the company became more successful and adaptable to market demands. With the help of ICT it is possible to meet all customer requirements immediately, monitor and will analise their comments on the product and then improve them. If a company does not have Internet access, computer network, software for accounting, payment, website, official email, facebook account, LinkedIn account, a video on youtube.com, a lot of Internet ads then this company frivolous and inefficient. The impact of ICT on the elements of organizational culture The impact of ICT on organizational values The impact on the organization's mission or purpose The mission or purpose of the organization identifies the basic function and / or task organization. The mission of the system messages that indicate the characteristics of the customer with respect to his wishes and needs and resources and technology that can produce certain products to meet customer needs[1].
The impact of ICT on the organization's objectives The goals of the organization are the endpoints that are directed toward the organization's activities. The basic plan of the whole organization. Strategic objectives are the main long-term goals organisation, the adoption of courses of action and allocation of resources necessary to achieve them. Impact of ICT on the work environment The impact on motivation, Motivation is a general term that refers to the entire set of instincts, requirements, needs, desires and other forces that all this has resulted in satisfaction. Poor ICT connectivity can lead to poor motivation for people that need secure data[6]. The impact on productivity, productivity is the rate of inputs and outputs in a given period of time necessary to comply with the quality. ICT effectively monitor productivity, easy to deal with these issues in the immediate production workers and improve performance measurement of nonproduction workers. The impact on creativity, creativity is the ability and power to create new ideas, consists of four stages that interact with each other and often overlap: • Unconscious search • Intuition, • Acumen, • A logical formula. Impact on innovation, innovation usually means the use of creative ideas. Organizations typically realize the rules or guidelines to encourage innovation, for example: development of tolerance towards mistakes, rewarding those who have a good idea of the new product and are able to form an effective action for the promotion of the product, the establishment of closer links with customers, sharing technology with others in the organization, maintenance of the project life time allocation or financial support and others. Daily use of ICT is encouraged and develop innovation and creativity in the organization[7]. The impact of managerial style Managerial style is the cause, not consequence organisations efficiency, a good part of the organizational culture. Under the influence of information communication
technologies and information systems create expected to manage the organization that affect the organizational climate change, are the following: The development of cooperative relations in the work, • The disappearance of the classic boss and subordinate relationship, • The transformation of the masterminds of the head, instigator, teacher and counselor, • Change in the classic self-control, • Preference management that encourages people skills. The impact of ICT on other elements of organizational culture Management, Managers on a daily basis and to use ICT in their businesses using technology informations accelerate their business, make better decisions, are innovative and encourage innovation by employees, at all times have the right, fresh information and at the end of their work is very interesting and are happy . Employed, the transfer of various ICT data and information sharing enhance trust, values and norms among employees. Creates a new culture of communication and dealings between employees and information technology have a human dimension through this kind of building trust with employees[3]. Competition, If you are employed properly trained and prepared for use information communication technologies can gain significant advantage over competitors who have not yet mastered the technology to say nothing of those who have not yet started. The market is very harsh, must be monitored daily and implement new technology and improved work processes, products, distribution, support, etc., and because of these things there is a difference between competitors. Time, the cultural influence should be measured for years. ICT should be used sensibly or negative effects are realized. If your employed using computers for fecebook, dating, movies, clips, then your time is lost and you pay the overhead of your equipment. The thing becomes a disaster when your competition is ahead of dormancy and after that you need much time to restore its credibility.
Transparency, ICT effectively support decisionmaking process towards achieving organizational goals. ICTs are particularly suitable in cases of formalization, can successfully provide members of the organization and the environment with data and information system of values, norms and traditions in which they operate. Almost all transactions, decisions, notifications to the public and the company has significantly reduced the possibility of fraud. Resistance to change. Management can not be ignored or allowed to come to the surface resistance and try to manage it. As the opposition, as a rule, managers afraid that changing something, it very often leads to their deviations from making difficult decisions and conclusions[8]. As a result, the adoption of "soft" communication program that hardly encourages people to adopt change. Information technologies facilitate change because manage able to show the simulation employed what awaits them in the new system employed where they can see how it will look like their jobs, responsibilities, training, etc.. Monitoring program, monitoring changes in ICT should be included because they realize many of the effects of communication through electronic communication, communication is easier and cheaper, with no horizon to geographical distance, and faster and with greater precision, providing the ability to save communication between employees, which can later be further analyzed and thus change what is not well done.
CONCLUSION The early beginnings of recorded information technology resistance, ourcry and suspicion by the generations that were operating in a different environment. Today the situation has much changed for the better, in fact, there is resistance to information technology and the generations now use all the benefits of high technology. The fact is that the information and communication technologies present in each and every pore of our lives and in 2016. In the but to a lesser extent, be
integrated into our body and the body through the systems of care, diseases, resistance and so on.
[7]Driskill, G.W.; Laird Brenton, A. (2005). Method
Information and communication technologies have dramatically affect our lives and living culture of today and therefore the conclusion that this technology have big impact on organizational culture within companies. Business has changed, otherwise the designed production, sales, communication, are changing jobs, constantly learn, progress, innovation every day at work, etc..
Action. London: SAGE.
Organisational culture directs the interaction of employees within the organization to exercise strategic goals and vision. Every organization has a unique culture that was created collectively over the years before. This culture is a crucial prerequisite for achieving lasting success and for fast adaptation to new business conditions[2]. Organisational culture is also strongly emotionally colored, and in particular during the implementation of significant changes in the organization. Literature [1]Castells, M. (2000). Uspon umreženog društva. Zagreb: Godlen Marketing. [2]Žugaj, M. (red.) (2004). Organizacijska kultura. Varaždin: TIVA tiskara, FOI. [3]Keyton, J. (2005). Communication and Organizational Culture. A Key To Udnerstanding work Experiences. London: SAGE Publications Inc. Robbins, S.P.(1992). [4]Organizacijska kultura (Pogl. 15), u: Bitni elementi organizacijskog ponašanja. Zagreb: MATE, str. 252-269. [5]Robbins, S. P.(2005).Communication (Ch. 9) ,u: Essentianls of Organizational Behavior. 9th Ed. Pearson &Prentice Hall, str. 136 -150. [6]Castells, M. (2002). Informacijska politika i kriza demokracije, u: Moć identiteta. Zagreb: Golden Marketing.
Acting: Observation, u: Organizational Culture in [8]Tosi, H.L.; Mero, N.P.(2003). The Fundamentals of Organiaztional Behavior. What Managers Need Know. Blackwell Publishing.
