aUniversidad del Norte, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering â Km 5 via ... Keywords: pervious concrete; urban roads; sustainable pavement; ...
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 1568 – 1573
:RUOG0XOWLGLVFLSOLQDU\&LYLO(QJLQHHULQJ$UFKLWHFWXUH8UEDQ3ODQQLQJ6\PSRVLXP :0&$86
,PSURYLQJ3HUYLRXV&RQFUHWH3DYHPHQWVIRU$FKLHYLQJ0RUH 6XVWDLQDEOH8UEDQ5RDGV $OHVVDQGUD%RQLFHOOLD *LOEHUWR0DUWtQH]$UJXHOOHVD/XLV*XLOOHUPR)XHQWHV3XPDUHMRD a
Universidad del Norte, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering – Km 5 via Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla, Colombia
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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). 3HHUUHYLHZXQGHUUHVSRQVLELOLW\RIWKHRUJDQL]LQJFRPPLWWHHRI:0&$86 Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of WMCAUS 2016 Keywords:SHUYLRXVFRQFUHWHXUEDQURDGVVXVWDLQDEOHSDYHPHQWVXVWDLQDELOLW\LQQRYDWLYHPDWHULDORSWLPL]DWLRQ
&RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU7HO E-mail address:DERQLFHOOL#XQLQRUWHHGXFR
1877-7058 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of WMCAUS 2016
doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.628
Alessandra Bonicelli et al. / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 1568 – 1573
1569
,QWURGXFWLRQ 3HUYLRXV FRQFUHWH LV DQ LQQRYDWLYH SDYHPHQW PDWHULDO SDUWLFXODUO\ VSRQVRUHG E\ JRYHUQPHQWV EHFDXVH RI LWV HQYLURQPHQWDODVSHFWVWKDWDUHSDUWLFXODUO\IDYRXUDEOHLQXUEDQDUHDV3HUYLRXVFRQFUHWHSDYHPHQWLVGHILQHGDVD%HVW 0DQDJHPHQW3UDFWLFHE\WKH86(QYLURQPHQWDO3URWHFWLRQ$JHQF\¶V(3$ IRUSROOXWLRQFRQWURODQGVWRUPZDWHU PDQDJHPHQW)RULWVHQYLURQPHQWIULHQGO\SURSHUWLHVSHUYLRXVFRQFUHWHSDYHPHQWDLGVLQTXDOLI\LQJIRU/(('FUHGLWV /HDGHUVKLSLQ(QHUJ\DQG(QYLURQPHQWDO'HVLJQ E\WKH86*UHHQ%XLOGLQJ&RXQFLO7KHLPSHUYLRXVXUEDQEXLOW HQYLURQPHQWLQIDFWEHQHILWVZLWKWKHXVHRISHUYLRXVFRQFUHWHIRUSDYLQJURDGVDVLWDOORZVWKHQDWXUDOWUDQVSLUDWLRQ RI WKH VRLO WKH UHFKDUJH RI WKH JURXQGZDWHU ZLWK WKH FRQVHTXHQW EHQHILWV IRU WKH ZDWHU EDVLQV DQG WKH JURZWK RI YHJHWDWLRQDQGWUHHV7KHHYDSR±WUDQVSLUDWLRQDQGWKHFOHDUFRORXURIWKHPDWHULDODOORZVWRORZHUWKHSDYHPHQWVXUIDFH WHPSHUDWXUH DQG WKH SDYHPHQW KHDWFDSDFLW\ OHDGLQJ WR D UHGXFWLRQ RI WKH KHDW LVODQG HIIHFW >@ ,Q WKH XUEDQ HQYLURQPHQWDQRWKHULPSRUWDQWOLIHTXDOLW\DVSHFWLVQRLVHUHGXFWLRQWKXVDIDYRXUDEOHDVSHFWRISHUYLRXVFRQFUHWHLV WKHFDSDELOLW\WRDEVRUEWKHWLUH±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³DEDQGF´FKDUDFWHUL]HGE\GLIIHUHQWZFUDWLRVZF DQG ZHUHFRQVLGHUHGUHIHUULQJWRSUHYLRXVLQYHVWLJDWLRQV>@7KHFRQWUROPL[HVKDGWKHVDPHDJJUHJDWHGLVWULEXWLRQFXUYH FRPSRVHGRIDJJUHJDWHVEHWZHHQPPDQGRIPPDJJUHJDWHVL]H$&(0,,5$//3RUWODQG OLPHVWRQHFHPHQWZDVVHOHFWHGIRUWKLVVWXG\DFFRUGLQJWR(1$QDLUHQWHULQJDJHQWDVXSHUSODVWLFL]HUDQGD YLVFRVLW\PRGLILHUZHUHDGGHGWRWKHPL[HV)LYHW\SHRIILEUHVZHUHDGGHGWRWKHFRQWUROPL[HVDQGWZRGLIIHUHQW SHUFHQWDJHVRIILQHVDQG 2.1. Specimen preparation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
1570
Alessandra Bonicelli et al. / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 1568 – 1573
DURXQG PP KHLJKW F\OLQGULFDO VSHFLPHQV ZHUH EXLOW IRU WKH ODERUDWRU\ WHVWV 6SHFLPHQ FXUHG VHYHQ GD\V XQGHU FRQWUROOHGKXPLGLW\DQGWHPSHUDWXUHFRQGLWLRQV 2.1.1. Addition of fibres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
)LJ7KHILYHW\SHVRIILEUHVVWXGLHG) )LEULOODWHGSRO\SURS\OHQHILEUHV) SRO\ROHILQILEHUV) DQG) PRQRILODPHQW SRO\SURS\OHQHSRO\HWK\OHQHILEUHV) KLJKWHQDFLW\SRO\SURS\OHQHILEUHV
2.1.2. Addition of sand 7KHRSHQJUDGHGJUDQXODUFXUYHRISHUYLRXVFRQFUHWHWUDGLWLRQDOO\GLGQRWFRQWDLQDJJUHJDWHVVPDOOHUWKDQPP +RZHYHUVWXGLHVGHPRQVWUDWHGWKDWDVPDOODPRXQWRIVDQGEHWZHHQDQG ZLWKDVSHFLILFILQHQHVVPRGXOXV FDQVLJQLILFDQWO\HQKDQFHVWUHQJWKUDYHOOLQJUHVLVWDQFHDQGGXUDELOLW\RISHUYLRXVFRQFUHWH>@,QWKLVUHVHDUFK WZRSHUFHQWDJHVRIVDQGZHUHDGGHGWRWKHFRQWUROPL[HVDQGLQVXEVWLWXWLRQRIWKHSURSRUWLRQHGDJJUHJDWH ZHLJKW $OOWKHWHVWHGPL[HVDUHUHVXPHGLQ7DEOH 2.3. Laboratory tests 7KHSUHVHQWUHVHDUFKFRQVLVWHGLQDZLVHODERUDWRU\LQYHVWLJDWLRQIRUPDWHULDOSURSHUW\GHILQLWLRQ7KHUHVLVWDQFHWR WUDIILFORDGVZDVDQDO\VHGLQWHUPVRIXOWLPDWHVWUHQJWKDQGUHVLVWDQFHWRUDYHOOLQJ+HQFHLQGLUHFWWHQVLOHVWUHQJWK ,76DFFRUGLQJWRWKHVWDQGDUG(1 VWLIIQHVVPRGXOXV(UHIHUULQJWR(1$11(;) DQGWKH &DQWDEURUHVLVWDQFH&,DFFRUGLQJWR81,(1 ZHUHPHDVXUHG$PRQJWKHIXQFWLRQDOSURSHUWLHVZHUH FRQVLGHUHG YRLG FRQWHQW 9& DFFRUGLQJ WR $670 '0± DQG GUDLQDELOLW\ N IROORZLQJ WKH VWDQGDUG (1
1571
Alessandra Bonicelli et al. / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 1568 – 1573
$OO WKH WHVWV ZHUH FRQGXFWHG DWWKH WHPSHUDWXUH RI& 6WLIIQHVV PRGXOXV ZDV PHDVXUHG DVVXPLQJ D PRGXOXVRI3RLVVRQRIZLWKD+]IUHTXHQF\RIORDGDSSOLFDWLRQDQGDFRQVWDQWVWUDLQRIP 7DEOH7KHLQYHVWLJDWLRQPDWUL[ZLWKDOOWKHFRQVLGHUHGPL[HVDQGWKHLUFRGH &21752/
ZF
FD
)LEHU
)LEHU
)LEHU
)LEHU
)LEHU
6DQG
)
)
)
)
)
6
6
0L[D)
0L[D)
0L[D)
0L[D)
0L[D)
0L[D6
0L[D6
0,;703D@
&,>@
N>PPV@
(>03D@
0L[D)
,76 >03D@
&,>@
0L[D)
&2'0,;
&RPSDFWL RQEORZV
N>PPV@
5HTXLUHPHQWV,7 6!03DDQGN!PPV
,76 >03D@
/2:92/80(85%$152$'6DQG3$5.,1*6
5HTXLUHPHQW V,7 6!03D
&RPSDFWL RQEORZV
0,'92/80(85%$152$'6
0L[D6
0L[E)
0L[E6
0L[F)
&2'0,;
F
G
%,.(3$7 +6
3('(67 5,$1$5($6648$5(6
0L[E)
0L[E6
0L[E6
0L[F)
(>03D@
(>03D@
&,>@
&,>@
N>PPV@
N>PPV@
5HTXLUHPHQWVN!PPV
,76 >03D@
,76 >03D@
0L[D) 0L[E)
&2'0,;
)227 3$7 +6DQG3$5.6
&RPSDFWL RQEORZV
&RPSDFWL RQEORZV
5HTXLUHPHQWV,7 6!03DDQGN!PPV
0L[E)
0L[E)
0L[F)
&2'0,;
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³7HFKQRORJLHV IRU 6XVWDLQDEOH 'HYHORSPHQW´RI(UDVPXV0XQGXV3URJUDPPHDQG3ROLWHFQLFRGL0LODQR7KHDXWKRUVDUHJUDWHIXOWR3URI0DXUL]LR &ULVSLQRDQG'U)LOLSSR*LXVWR]]LIURP3ROLWHFQLFRGL0LODQRIRUWKHLUYDOXDEOHVXSSRUW
Alessandra Bonicelli et al. / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 1568 – 1573
1573
5HIHUHQFHV >@ / +DVHOEDFK 0 %R\HU -7 .HYHUQ 9 6FKDHIHU &\FOLF KHDW LVODQG LPSDFWV RQ WUDGLWLRQDO YHUVXV SHUYLRXV FRQFUHWH SDYHPHQW V\VWHPV 7UDQVSRUWDWLRQ5HVHDUFK5HFRUG-RXUQDORIWKH7UDQVSRUWDWLRQ5HVHDUFK%RDUG:DVKLQJWRQ'&1R >@%7LDQ@/+DVHOEDFK&3RRU-7LOVRQ'LVVROYHG]LQFDQGFRSSHUUHWHQWLRQIURPVWRUPZDWHUUXQRIILQRUGLQDU\SRUWODQGFHPHQWSHUYLRXVFRQFUHWH &RQVWUXFWLRQDQG%XLOGLQJ0DWHULDOV ± >@66KHQ0%XUWRQ%-REVRQ/+DVHOEDFK3HUYLRXVFRQFUHWHZLWKWLWDQLXPGLR[LGHDVDSKRWRFDWDO\VWFRPSRXQGIRUDJUHHQHUXUEDQURDG HQYLURQPHQW&RQVWUXFWLRQDQG%XLOGLQJ0DWHULDOV ±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´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±