Informal Tented Settlements in Jordan - ALNAP

1

Informal Tented Settlements in Jordan: Key Findings from the Household Census June 2014 1

Enter presentation title here….

1

Contents

2

Enter presentation title here….

2

1. Introduction  Priced out of host communities and unable to reside in official camps, increasing numbers of displaced Syrians seeking refuge in Jordan have formed informal tented settlements (ITS) in rural and peri-urban settings.

 87 informal settlements hosting a total of 7,028 individuals identified across five governorates.  Time-series comparisons indicate a 113% increase in the number of settlement residents in comparison to December 2013.

3

2. Methodology Stage 1: Verification  REACH field teams deployed to governorates of Al Mafraq, Irbid, Ajloun, Balqa and Al Karak to conduct site verification.  Re-drafting of data collection tool based on lessons learned from the previous ITS assessment. Stage 2: Household-level Census  Data collection across the pre-identified sites.  REACH GIS capacity applied to cluster settlements based on geographic proximity to ensure maximised coverage of assistance.  Generation of a randomised P-Coding system to mitigate pre-existing protection concerns.

4

3. Settlement Profiling Governorate

Al Mafraq Irbid Al Balqa Ajloun Al Karak

Total Number of ITS Total ITS Population Proportion (%) of per per Assessed Children Under 18 Assessed Governorate Relative to Total ITS Governorate Population

54 10 20 1 2

4,134 633 2,063 66 106

56.3 54.2 53.4 53 56.7

Average Dependency Ratio per Assessed Governorate

0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6

 A 113% increase in the total ITS population in comparison to December 2013.  Minors form the majority of Jordan’s informal settlement population.  3% of all settlement residents reported as disabled.

5

4. Demographics 20.0 18.0 16.0 Proportion (%) of individuals

14.0 12.0 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0

0.0 Males 0-4 Females 0- Males 5-11 Females 5- Males 124 11 17

Ajloun

6

Al Balqa

Females Males 1812-17 30 Demographic group Al Karak

Females 18-30

Males 3159

Al Mafraq

Females Males over Females 31-59 60 over 60

Irbid

5. Primary Sources of Income Other

100%

Begging

90%

Proportion (%) of households

80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Al Mafraq

Irbid

Al Balqa Governorate

7

Al Karak

Ajloun

0%

Small commercial business Remittances

Of households reported as without an income.

Sale of productive assets Casual construction labour Sale of household assets Gifts from family and friends Sale of non-food assistance NGO cash assistance Sale of food assistance Savings

537.1

Loans/borrowed money Agricultural waged labour

Average household debt load (JOD).

70.5 Average household income (JOD) over the 30 days prior to the assessment.

6. Livelihoods 1400

1290.0

Debt/Income (JOD)

1200 1000 800

803.1

727.1

600

540.6

537.1

400 200

73.5

70.5

69.1

89.8

62.0

0 Al Balqa

Al Mafraq

Irbid

Al Karak

Ajloun

Governorate Average of Debtload

Average Household Income

• Average debt to income ratio for all governorates is 8:1. • Long-term debt loads and saturation of casual agricultural labour market due to the persistent drought have had implications across multiple sectors. 8

7. Livelihoods II Average number of days worked by the HoH (7 days)

7 6 5 4 2.8

3 2

2.2

1.8

1.2

0.9

1 0 Ajloun

Al Karak

Al Balqa

Irbid

Al Mafraq

Governorate

• Pre-harvest season means that per capita allocation labour is scarce. • Saturation of casual labour market in Al Mafraq by ITS residents may have lead to increased competition and fewer working days per capita.

9

9

8. Shelter 6.4%

Residing on Private Land Residing on Public Land

93.2%

 Comparisons with December 2013 indicate that less households reside on public land.  Average cost of rent is 20JOD, a 6.5JOD decrease since December 2013. 10

87% Of households reported as not paying rent.

14.4%

Of households threatened with eviction.

93.8%

Of households have an informal municipal electricity connection.

9. WASH: Water Sourcing Proportion (%) of households

100% 90%

0.4%

0.3% 8.1%

80%

27.0% 43.8%

37.8%

70% 60% 50%

8%

72.9%

40%

32.8% 37.5%

30%

54.2%

20% 10%

100%

30.5% 18.7%

18.8%

Al Balqa

Al Karak

0% Municipal pipeline

Al Mafraq Governorate Water supplied by a private vendor

Irbid Other

Ajloun None

 48.8% of households relied on water vendors as their primary source of water for the household.

11

10. WASH: Water Scarcity 2.5

Number of days

2.0

2.0 1.6

1.5

1.5

1.3

1.0

0.7

0.5 0.0 Al Balqa 100%

6.3 4.6 18.2

80% 60% 40%

70.9

Al Karak Al Mafraq Governorate

Irbid 18.8

 Water shortages were longest in Al Balqa, where 72.9% of households relied on private water provision.  Water sourcing strategies display a marked shift in comparison to December 2013, when 14% relied on municipal connections.

Ajloun 2.0 15.8

6.3 12.5

62.5

6.7 1.0 20.2 60.0

67.4

72.1

20%

40.0

0% Al Balqa Al Karak Borrowed from family and neighbours

12

Al Mafraq Borrowed money to buy water

Irbid Stayed without water

Store credit

Ajloun Other

11. WASH: Sanitation 100%

Proportion (%) of households

90% 80% 70%

47.6%

39.8% 56.3%

56.7%

60%

80.0%

50% 40% 30% 20%

52.4%

60.2% 43.8%

43.3%

10%

20.0%

0% Al Balqa

Al Karak

Al Mafraq Governorate No access to either private or communal latrine

Irbid

Ajloun

Access to a private or communal latrine

 57% of households (666 in total), have no access to sanitation infrastructure across all assessed settlements.  Overall, 11 settlements were reported as having no sanitation facilities whatsoever.  12.8 – average number of people per available latrine. 13 Enter presentation title here….

13

Enter presentation title here….

14

12. Health 100.0 72.2

Proportion (%) of individuals

80.0 60.0

53.4

68.6

57.4

46.6

40.0

42.6

31.4

27.8

20.0 0.0 Diarrhea

Skin disease

Respiratory disease

Type of health problem

0-4 years

Over 5 years of age

70%

Measles

Fever 30%

64%

36%

Polio

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Proportion (%) vaccinated

70%

80%

90%

100%

Proportion (%) not vaccinated

 Individuals receiving medical treatment: 33.8%  Polio vaccinations: a reported total of 393 at-risk children, respectively.  Children under 5 account for 53.4% of all cases of diarrhea, which displayed the highest prevalence of all reported medical issues. 15

Enter presentation title here….

15

13. Primary Sources of Food 100.0 90.0

Proportion (%) of households

70.2

65.1

70.0 60.0

87.4%

81.3

80.0

52.4

50.0

40.0

40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0

30.0

24.8 13.0 8.6

12.5

17.7 6.3%

7.19.3

17.3 9.6

WFP assistance

Al Karak

Al Mafraq Governorate Store/market bought food

10.0

2.9

0.0 Al Balqa

20.0

Irbid

Ajloun

NGO Assistance

Of households reported a shortage of food over the 30 days prior to the assessment.

79%

 62% of households relying primarily on WFP assistance reported borrowing food items from family Of households reported selling households assets and neighbours to overcome shortages. to overcome shortages. 16

Enter presentation title here….

16

Enter presentation title here….

17

14. Food Security Proportion (%) of Households

100% 90% 80%

25.8%

33.8%

31.4%

50.0%

70%

60. 0%

60% 50%

50.4%

40%

39.8% 31.3%

30%

30.0%

20% 10%

37.3%

23.8%

18.8%

Al Balqa

Al Karak

26.5%

31.4% 10.0%

0%

Al Mafraq

Irbid

Ajloun

Governorate Proportion (%) of Food Secure Households

Proportion (%) of Food Insecure Households

Proportion (%) of Households Vulnerable to Food Insecurity

 A total of 492 (42.1%) households reported as food insecure. Al Balqa hosted the largest proportion of food insecure households.

1

Enter presentation title here….

18

15. Food Consumption 100%

Proportion (%) of households

90% 80%

34.6%

25.0% 45.5%

70%

48.1%

50.0%

60% 50%

29.7%

43.8% 25.0%

40%

26.9%

30% 20%

35.7%

10%

31.3%

29.5%

30.0%

25.0%

20.0%

Irbid

Ajloun

0% Al Balqa Food Consumption Score - Poor

Al Karak

Al Mafraq Governorate Food Consumption Score - Borderline

Food Consumption Score - Acceptable

 40.6% of households had an “Acceptable” FCS; 59.4% were classified as “Poor” or “Borderline”.  In Al Za’atari, REACH data found that 95% of households had an acceptable FCS. 18

Enter presentation title here….

19

16. Education Proportion (%) of school-aged children

100.0 90.0 80.0

70.8

70.0 60.0 50.0

48.9 49.2

55.6

50.7

40.0

44.6

35.7

41.7

66.7 55.3 47.5 49.3

47.1 34.6

36.6

32.6

66.7

42.9

32.9 25.0

30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 Al Balqa Males 5-11

Al Karak

Al Mafraq Governorate Females 5-11 Males 12-17

Irbid

Ajloun Females 12-17

 School attendance rate for all school-aged children: 41%.  Findings suggest a 23 percentage point increase in the school attendance rate in comparison to December 2013.  28.6% of households reported the cost of schooling as the primary barrier to school attendance and 22.3% reported distance. 19

Enter presentation title here….

20

Contacts REACH Country Coordinator Elisabeth Vikman – [email protected] REACH Host Community Focal point : Lizzie Wood – [email protected] REACH Assessment Officer Vladimir Jovanovic – [email protected]

REACH team in Jordan: [email protected] Website : www.reach-initiative.org Twitter : REACH_info 20

Enter presentation title here….

21