Intensive care unit

Intensive care unit Timely and efficient management by doctor with concerted nursing efforts have revolutionized the management of critically-ill patients and brought down preventable mortality as discipline itself  Critically-ill patients consume disproportionate resources in the form of manpower, specialized equipment, facilities and expensive medications 



Intensive care is the first element in the hierarchy of progressive patient care

Role and Functions of ICU Provision of sophisticated life support system, with appropriate medications for a wide variety of patients, in a setting of close monitoring a nursing unit specially designed equipped and staffed to manage critically-ill patients with potentially reversible lesions, requiring constant observation  It is a nursing unit where intensive monitoring, active life support specific therapy and specialized nursing care in provided where technical expertise and sophisticated equipment are concentrated from critically-ill patients 

Intensive care unit Depending upon types of patients admitted Intensive Care Unit can be classified •MICU Medical Intensive Care Unit •SICU Surgical Intensive Care Unit •ICCU Intensive Coronary Care Unit •BICU Burns Intensive Care Unit •NICU Neonatal Intensive Care Unit •PICU Peadiatric Intensive Care Unit •PICU Pulmonary Intensive Care Unit •OICU Obstetrics Intensive Care Unit

Design and Layout The patient area  The staff area  The support area Design should meet four basic requirements • Direct observation of the patient by nursing and medical staff • Surveillance of physiological monitoring 



Provision and efficient use of routine and emergency diagnostic procedures and therapeutic interventions



Recording and maintenance of patient information



Each patient bed area should have a minimum floor space of 150 to 200sq feet



If each bed is separated from the adjacent bed a closed bay design, a larger floor space 250 -300sq. ft

Outline layout of ICU

Equipment for a tertiary unit 1.Monitoring Equipment  Beside and central monitors  ECG Recorder  Intravascular pressure monitoring device  Pulse oximeters  Spriometers and peak flowmeters  EEG monitor  Temperature monitors  Blood glucose meters

2. Cariovascular Therapy CPR trolley  Defibrillators  Temporary Tran venous pacemakers  Infusion pump and syringes 

3. Respiratory Therapy Ventilators  Oxygen therapy devices and airway circuits  Nebulizers  Intubation /tracheotomy trolley  Ambo bag  Fibrotic bronchoscope 

4. Dialysis Equipment For haemodialysis  Peritoneal dialysis  Continuous arteriovenous haemofiltration 

5. Radiological Equipment Portable X-ray Machine  Image intensifier 

6.

Laboratory Equipment

•

Blood gas analyzer Electrolyte analyzers

•

7. Miscellaneous Equipment Dressing Trolleys  Drip stands  Heating /cooling blankets  Pressure distribution mattresses  Sterilizing equipment-autoclave  Refrigerator 

Thanks