International trade statistics 2001 - World Trade Organization

WTO 2001

International trade statistics 2001

WTO Members (As of 31 July 2001) Albania Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Australia Austria Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belgium Belize Benin Bolivia Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Canada Central African Rep. Chad Chile Colombia Congo Congo, Dem. Rep. of the Costa Rica Côte d’Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Estonia European Communities Fiji Finland France Gabon Gambia Georgia

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Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Bissau Guinea, Rep.of Guyana Haiti Honduras Hong Kong, China Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kenya Korea, Rep. of Kuwait Kyrgyz Republic Latvia Lesotho Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macau, China Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Moldova Mongolia Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Netherlands New Zealand

Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Norway Oman Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Rwanda St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia St. Vincent & the Grenadines Senegal Sierra Leone Singapore Slovak Republic Slovenia Solomon Islands South Africa Spain Sri Lanka Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Tanzania Thailand Togo Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Uganda United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Venezuela Zambia Zimbabwe

ISSN 1020-4997 ISBN 92-870-1220-2 Printed in France X-2001-3,000 © World Trade Organization 2001

Table of Contents

World trade developments in 2000 and the first half of 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

1

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade growth in 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade of developing countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade developments in major regional trade agreements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Details of trade developments in 2000 by geographic region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Developments in the first half of 2001 and outlook for the year as a whole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1 2 3 5 5 15

I. World trade in 2000 – Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

II. Selected long-term trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27

III. Trade by region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latin America. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Western Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS (transition economies) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Africa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Middle East . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37 44 52 60 69 77 81 84

IV. Trade by sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

95

1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. Agricultural products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. Mining products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 Fuels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. Manufactures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 Iron and steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 Chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Machinery and transport equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office machines and telecom equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automotive products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 Textiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 Clothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. Commercial services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 Transportation services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 Travel services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 Other commercial services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

95 97 102 106 108 112 118 122 125 130 137 143 150 157 157 159 161

Appendix tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

iii

List of tables and charts Overview Chart 1 Chart 2 Table 1 Chart 3 Chart 4 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Chart 5 Table 6 Chart 6 Table 7 Table 8 Chart 7 Chart 8 Table 9 Chart 9 Table 10 Chart 10 Chart 11

World merchandise trade and output by major product group, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World merchandise trade by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World exports of merchandise and commercial services, 1990-2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World merchandise trade by product, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World commercial services trade by selected region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade and output growth of developing economies, 1990-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of least developed countries by selected country groups, 1990-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GDP and trade developments in North America, 1990-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GDP and trade developments in Latin America, 1990-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latin America. Merchandise trade by country, 1990-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GDP and trade developments in Western Europe, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Western Europe. Merchandise trade by country, 1990-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GDP and trade developments in transition economies, 1995-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GDP and trade developments in Africa, 1990-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transition economies. Merchandise trade by country, 1995-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Africa. Merchandise trade by country, 1990-2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade developments in the Middle East, 1990-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Middle East. Merchandise trade by country, 1990-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GDP and trade developments in Asia, 1990-2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asia. Merchandise trade by country, 1990-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Real GDP and trade growth of OECD countries,1996-2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1 1 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 10 12 13 14 15 16 17

I. World trade in 2000 - Overview Table I.1 Table I.2 Table I.3 Table I.4 Table I.5 Table I.6 Table I.7 Table I.8 Table I.9

Growth in the volume of world merchandise exports and production by major product group, 1990-00 . . . . . . Growth in the volume of world merchandise trade by selected region, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Growth in the value of world merchandise trade by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Growth in the value of world trade in commercial services by selected region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade (excluding intra-EU trade), 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers in world trade in commercial services, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of goods and commercial services in the total trade of selected regions and economies, 2000. . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19 19 20 20 21 22 23 24 25

II. Selected long-term trends Chart II.1 Chart II.2 Table II.1 Table II.2 Table II.3 Table II.4 Table II.5 Table II.6 Table II.7

World merchandise trade and output by major product group, 1950-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World merchandise trade by major product group, 1950-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World merchandise exports, production and gross domestic product, 1950-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World merchandise trade by region and selected economy, 1948, 1953, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1990 and 2000 . . Merchandise trade of North America by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2000 . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of Western Europe by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2000 . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of Japan by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of selected regions and economies to the least-developed countries, 1980, 1990, 1999 and 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise imports of selected regions and economies from the least-developed countries, 1980, 1990, 1999 and 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

III. Trade by region 1. Overview Chart III.1 Chart III.2 Table III.1 Table III.2 Table III.3

Value of world merchandise trade by region, 1993-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The volume of world merchandise trade by selected region, 1993-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World merchandise exports by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World merchandise imports by region, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intra- and inter-regional merchandise trade, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37 38 39 39 40 v

Chart III.3 Table III.4 Table III.5 Table III.6 Table III.7 Chart III.4

World trade in commercial services by selected region, 1993-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World exports of commercial services by selected region, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World imports of commercial services by selected region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial services exports of selected economies by selected partners, 1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial services imports of selected economies by selected partners, 1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Distribution of trade in commercial services of selected economies, 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41 42 42 43 43 43

2. North America Table III.8 Table III.9 Chart III.5 Chart III.6 Table III.10 Table III.11 Table III.12 Table III.13 Table III.14 Table III.15 Table III.16 Table III.17 Table III.18 Table III.19 Table III.20

Merchandise trade of North America, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of North America by region and by major product group, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of North America,1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of North America in world merchandise trade,1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of North America by product, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise imports of North America by product, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of North America by destination, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise imports of North America by origin, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross domestic product and trade in goods and services of Canada and the United States, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports and imports of Canada and the United States, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of Canada by region and economy, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of the United States by region and economy, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of NAFTA countries by destination, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade in commercial services of Canada, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade in commercial services of the United States, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44 44 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 49 50 51 51

3. Latin America Table III.21 Table III.22 Chart III.7 Chart III.8 Table III.23 Table III.24 Table III.25 Table III.26 Table III.27 Table III.28 Table III.29 Table III.30

Merchandise trade of Latin America, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of Latin America by region and by major product group, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of Latin America,1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of Latin America in world merchandise trade,1990-00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of Latin America by product, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of Latin America by destination, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Latin America, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise imports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of ANDEAN countries by region, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise imports of ANDEAN countries by region, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Latin America, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

52 52 52 52 53 53 54 55 56 57 58 59

4. Western Europe Table III.31 Table III.32 Chart III.9 Chart III.10 Table III.33 Table III.34 Table III.35 Table III.36 Table III.37 Table III.38 Table III.39 Table III.40 Table III.41 Table III.42 Table III.43 Table III.44

Merchandise trade of Western Europe, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of Western Europe by region and by major product group, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of Western Europe,1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of Western Europe in world merchandise trade,1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of Western Europe by product, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise imports of Western Europe by product, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of Western Europe by destination, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise imports of Western Europe by origin, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross domestic product and trade in goods and services in Western Europe, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Western Europe, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of the European Union by region and economy, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Western Europe, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade in commercial services of France, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade in commercial services of Germany, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade in commercial services of Italy, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade in commercial services of the United Kingdom, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

60 60 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 64 65 66 67 67 68 68

5. Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS (transition economies) Table III.45 Table III.46

vi

Merchandise trade of the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS by region and by major product group, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

69 69

Chart III.11 Chart III.12 Table III.47 Table III.48 Table III.49 Table III.50 Table III.51 Table III.52 Table III.53 Table III.54

Merchandise trade of the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS,1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS in world merchandise trade,1990-00 . . Merchandise exports of the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS by major product group and main destination, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS, 2000 . Merchandise exports of selected Central and Eastern European countries by region, major trading partner, and major product group, 1998-00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise imports of selected Central and Eastern European countries by region, major trading partner, and major product group, 1998-00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Relative importance of inter-regional trade in the total merchandise trade of the Baltic States, 2000. . . . . . . . . Relative importance of inter-regional trade in the total merchandise trade of the CIS, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of selected economies to the CIS, 1998-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise imports of selected economies from the CIS, 1998-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

69 69

Merchandise trade of Africa, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of Africa by region and by major product group, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of Africa,1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of Africa in world merchandise trade,1990-00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of Africa by major product group and main destination, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of Africa by destination, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Africa, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of the European Union to developing countries in Africa by product, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise imports of the European Union from developing countries in Africa by product, 2000. . . . . . . . . .

77 77 77 77 78 78 79 80 80

Merchandise trade of the Middle East, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of the Middle East by region and by major product group, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of the Middle East,1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of the Middle East in world merchandise trade,1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of the Middle East by major product group and main destination, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of the Middle East by destination, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Imports of fuels of selected regions and economies from the Middle East, 1990 and 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading merchandise exporters and importers in the Middle East, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

81 81 81 81 82 82 83 83

Merchandise trade of Asia, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of Asia by region and by major product group, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of Asia,1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of Asia in world merchandise trade,1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of Asia by main product group and main destination, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of Asia by product, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of Asia by destination, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Asia, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of Japan by region and by economy, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise exports of the United States, the European Union and Japan to China by major product, 2000. . . Merchandise imports of the United States, the European Union and Japan from China by major product, 2000. Merchandise exports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise imports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Asia, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade in commercial services of Japan, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

84 84 84 84 85 86 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94

70 71 72 73 74 74 75 76

6. Africa Table III.55 Table III.56 Chart III.13 Chart III.14 Table III.57 Table III.58 Table III.59 Table III.60 Table III.61

7. Middle East Table III.62 Table III.63 Chart III.15 Chart III.16 Table III.64 Table III.65 Table III.66 Table III.67

8. Asia Table III.68 Table III.69 Chart III.17 Chart III.18 Table III.70 Table III.71 Table III.72 Table III.73 Table III.74 Table III.75 Table III.76 Table III.77 Table III.78 Table III.79 Table III.80

IV. Trade by sector 1. Overview Chart IV.1 Table IV.1 Chart IV.2 Table IV.2

World merchandise exports by product, 1990 and 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World merchandise exports by product, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World exports of commercial services by category, 1990, 1995 and 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World exports of commercial services by category, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

95 95 96 96 vii

2. Agricultural products Table IV.3 Table IV.4 Table IV.5 Chart IV.3 Table IV.6 Table IV.7 Table IV.8 Table IV.9

World trade in agricultural products, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Major regional flows in world exports of agricultural products, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Share of agricultural products in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . 97 Regional shares in world trade in agricultural products, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Exports of agricultural products by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Leading exporters and importers of agricultural products, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Exports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Imports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

2.1 Food Table IV.10 Table IV.11 Table IV.12 Chart IV.4 Table IV.13 Table IV.14 Table IV.15

World trade in food, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major regional flows in world exports of food, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of food in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regional shares in world trade in food, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of food by principal region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Imports of food into the European Union, North America and Japan by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of food, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

102 102 102 102 103 104 105

3. Mining products Table IV.16 Table IV.17 Table IV.18 Chart IV.5 Table IV.19

World trade in mining products, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major regional flows in world exports of mining products, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of mining products in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . Regional shares in world trade in mining products, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of mining products by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

106 106 106 106 107

World trade in fuels, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major regional flows in world exports of fuels, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of fuels in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regional shares in world trade in fuels, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Imports of fuels of selected economies by region and supplier, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Imports of fuels of selected economies, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

108 108 108 108 109 111

3.1 Fuels Table IV.20 Table IV.21 Table IV.22 Chart IV.6 Table IV.23 Table IV.24

4. Manufactures Table IV.25 Table IV.26 Table IV.27 Chart IV.7 Table IV.28 Table IV.29 Table IV.30 Table IV.31 Table IV.32

World trade in manufactures, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major regional flows in world exports of manufactures, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of manufactures in total merchandise trade by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regional shares in world trade in manufactures, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of manufactures by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade in manufactures of the United States, the European Union and Japan by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of manufactures, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Imports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

112 112 112 112 113 114 115 116 117

4.1 Iron and steel Table IV.33 Table IV.34 Table IV.35 Chart IV.8 Table IV.36 Table IV.37 Table IV.38 viii

World trade in iron and steel, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major regional flows in world exports of iron and steel, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of iron and steel in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regional shares in world trade in iron and steel, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of iron and steel by principal region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iron and steel imports of the European Union and the United States by region and supplier, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of iron and steel, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

118 118 118 118 119 120 121

4.2 Chemicals Table IV.39 Table IV.40 Table IV.41 Chart IV. 9 Table IV.42 Table IV.43

World trade in chemicals, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major regional flows in world exports of chemicals, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of chemicals in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regional shares in world trade in chemicals, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of chemicals by principal region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of chemicals, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

122 122 122 122 123 124

4.3 Machinery and transport equipment Table IV.44 Table IV.45 Table IV.46 Chart IV.10 Table IV.47 Table IV.48 Table IV.49 Table IV.50

World trade in machinery and transport equipment, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major regional flows in world exports of machinery and transport equipment, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of machinery and transport equipment in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2000 Regional shares in world trade in machinery and transport equipment, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of machinery and transport equipment by principal region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of machinery and transport equipment, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of machinery and transport equipment of selected economies, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Imports of machinery and transport equipment of selected economies, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

125 125 125 125 126 127 128 129

Office machines and telecom equipment Table IV.51 Table IV.52 Table IV.53 Chart IV.11 Table IV.54 Table IV.55 Table IV.56 Table IV.57 Table IV.58

World trade in office machines and telecom equipment, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major regional flows in world exports of office machines and telecom equipment, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of office machines and telecom equipment in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regional shares in world trade in office machines and telecom equipment, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of office machines and telecom equipment by principal region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Imports of office machines and telecom equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2000 . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of office machines and telecom equipment, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of office machines and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Imports of office machines and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

130 130 130 130 131 132 134 135 136

Automotive products Table IV.59 Table IV.60 Table IV.61 Chart IV.12 Table IV.62 Table IV.63 Table IV.64 Table IV.65 Table IV.66

World trade in automotive products, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major regional flows in world exports of automotive products, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of automotive products in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . Regional shares in world trade in automotive products, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of automotive products by principal region, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Imports of automotive products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of automotive products, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Imports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

137 137 137 137 138 139 140 141 142

World trade in textiles, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major regional flows in world exports of textiles, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of textiles in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regional shares in world trade in textiles, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of textiles by principal region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of textiles, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of textiles of selected economies, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Imports of textiles of selected economies, 1990-00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

143 143 143 143 144 145 147 148 149

4.4 Textiles Table IV.67 Table IV.68 Table IV.69 Chart IV.13 Table IV.70 Table IV.71 Table IV.72 Table IV.73 Table IV.74

4.5 Clothing Table IV.75 Table IV.76

World trade in clothing, 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 Major regional flows in world exports of clothing, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 ix

Table IV.77 Chart IV.14 Table IV.78 Table IV.79 Table IV.80 Table IV.81 Table IV.82

Share of clothing in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regional shares in world trade in clothing, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of clothing by principal region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clothing imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of clothing, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exports of clothing of selected economies, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Imports of clothing of selected economies, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

150 150 151 152 154 155 156

5. Commercial services 5.1 Transportation services Table IV.83 Chart IV.15 Table IV.84 Chart IV.16 Table IV.85

World exports of transportation services, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World exports of transportation services and share in total commercial services, 1993-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of transportation services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regional shares in world trade in transportation services, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of transportation services, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

157 157 157 157 158

5.2 Travel services Table IV.86 Chart IV.17 Table IV.87 Chart IV.18 Table IV.88

World exports of travel services, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World exports of travel services and share in total commercial services, 1993-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of travel services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regional shares in world trade in travel services, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of travel services, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

159 159 159 159 160

5.3 Other commercial services Table IV.89 Chart IV.19 Table IV.90 Chart IV.20 Table IV.91

World exports of other commercial services, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World exports of other commercial services and share in total commercial services, 1993-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share of other commercial services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . Regional shares in world trade in other commercial services, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leading exporters and importers of other commercial services, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

161 161 161 161 162

Appendix tables Table A1 Table A2 Table A3 Table A4 Table A5 Table A6 Table A7 Table A8 Table A9 Table A10 Table A11 Table A12 Table A13 Table A14 Table A15 Table A16 Table A17 Table A18 Table A19 Table A20 Table A21

x

World merchandise exports, production and gross domestic product,1990-00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Network of world merchandise trade by region, 1990, 1995 and 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Network of world merchandise trade by region, 1998-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World merchandise exports by region and selected economy,1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World merchandise imports by region and selected economy,1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World exports of commercial services by selected region and economy,1990-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World imports of commercial services by selected region and economy,1990-00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 1990, 1995 and 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 1998-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - European Union (15) . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - United Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Singapore. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Export prices of primary commodities, 1990-01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

163 164 166 169 170 174 178 181 184 188 192 194 196 198 200 202 204 206 208 210 212

Abbreviations and symbols ANDEAN APEC ASEAN BOP BPM5 CEFTA CIS EFTA EU EUROSTAT FAO FDI GDP GNP HS IEA IMF ISIC MERCOSUR NAFTA OECD SAPTA SITC UNECE UNECLAC UNCTAD UNIDO UNSD

Andean Common Market Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Association of South-East Asian Nations Balance of Payments Balance of Payments Manual, fifth edition Central European Free Trade Agreement Commonwealth of Independent States European Free Trade Association European Union Statistical Office of the European Communities Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Foreign direct investment Gross Domestic Product Gross National Product Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System International Energy Agency International Monetary Fund International Standard Industrial Classification Southern Common Market North American Free Trade Agreement Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development South Asian Preferential Trade Arrangement Standard International Trade Classification United Nations Economic Commission for Europe United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean United Nations Conference on Trade and Development United Nations Industrial Development Organization United Nations Statistics Division

c.i.f. f.o.b. n.e.s. n.i.e.

cost, insurance and freight free on board not elsewhere specified not included elsewhere

The following symbols are used in this publication : ... 0 – $ Q1, Q2 I

not available figure is zero or became zero due to rounding not applicable United States dollars 1st quarter, 2nd quarter break in comparability of data series. Data after the symbol do not form a consistent series with those from earlier years.

Billion means one thousand million. Minor discrepancies between constituent figures and totals are due to rounding. Unless otherwise indicated, (i) all value figures are expressed in U.S. dollars; (ii) trade figures include the intra-trade of free trade areas, customs unions, regional and other country groupings; (iii) merchandise trade figures are on a customs basis and (iv) merchandise exports are f.o.b. and merchandise imports are c.i.f. Data for the latest year are provisional. Closing date 31 August 2001

xi

1. Overview The year 2000 was outstanding for global output and trade growth. The expansion of merchandise output and trade by 4.5% and 12%, respectively, was the strongest in more than a decade. As trade growth continued to exceed output growth, the ratio of world trade in goods and services to world GDP reached 29%. Since 1990 this ratio has increased 10 percentage points, more than in the two preceding decades combined.1 Manufacturing production rose 6% in 2000, but the increase in agricultural production was limited to 1%. Mining output was up 3.5% boosted by a 4.5% increase in oil and gas output. As in preceding years, exports of manufactures increased in real terms much faster than exports of agricultural or mining products. And once again, the excess of trade growth (14.5%) over output growth (6%) in manufactures was far higher than in the other two sectors, although preliminary data for agriculture suggest also an untypical large gap between trade and output growth.2 Chart 1

World merchandise trade and output by major product group, 2000 (Annual percentage change in volume terms)

Manufactures

Agricultural products

Mining products

Exports Output

strongly in South America and the Russian Federation, after stagnating the previous year. Africa’s output growth is estimated to have strengthened in 2000, but – at 3% – remained well below the growth recorded in other developing regions. While Western Europe’s economic growth increased to 3.4%, its strongest expansion in the last decade, Japan’s recovery remained moderate and very fragile. The forces behind the improved economic activity differed among the regions. High growth in the information technology sector was particularly beneficial for North America and Asia, while the rise in world energy demand and the recovery of oil prices boosted the economies of the oil exporting countries. In both the Russian Federation and Brazil a sharply lower real effective exchange rates and the fading of contractionary forces linked to financial crises helped stimulate a strong recovery in production.

Overview

World trade developments in 2000 and the first half of 2001

In 2000 growth in trade volumes more than doubled The stronger output growth in all regions stimulated – and in turn was stimulated by – the 12% increase in merchandise trade volume in 2000, nearly matching the best growth rates observed over the last five decades. In contrast to the two preceding years, when world trade expansion depended to a large extent on demand in North America, the pattern of regional import demand was more evenly balanced in 2000, with all regions except Western Europe and Africa recording doubledigit import growth (Chart 2). Asia and the transition economies recorded both the highest export growth among the major regions and the largest increases in imports, highlighting once again that dynamic

All merchandise

Chart 2

World merchandise trade by region, 2000 0 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

The contrast between the figures for 2000 and the available figures for the first half of 2001 could hardly be greater. By the last quarter of 2000, it was evident that a marked deceleration in output and trade growth was likely in 2001. But the extent to which the slowdown in production, investment and trade – associated in particular with developments in the information technology sector – would exceed earlier predictions became clear only as the first half of 2001 unfolded. The value of world merchandise trade in the first half of 2001 is now tentatively estimated to have been just 2% above the corresponding period last year. And worse, in the second quarter of 2001, the level of world trade was below that of the corresponding quarter in 2000 – the first year-over-year decline in world trade (on a quarterly basis) since 1998, during the Asian financial crisis.

All regions reported faster economic growth in 2000 Economic growth accelerated in all major regions in 2000. North America and developing Asia, which had each recorded GDP growth above the global average in 1999, recorded only moderate accelerations. In contrast, economic activity picked up

(Annual percentage change in volume terms)

Transition economies Asia Western Europe World average North America Middle East Latin America

Imports Exports

Africa 0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

1

Measured at constant 1987 prices and exchange rate. A further indicator of the strength of global integration last year is the estimated 18% increase in the US dollar value of inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI). Although the most dynamic part of FDI flows was again among the developed countries, both developing and transition economies reported record FDI inflows. However, total private capital flows (net) to the developing countries and the transition economies were close to zero as net FDI inflows were fully offset by other private capital outflows. (International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Economic Outlook, October 2001). 2

1

Overview

exporters are dynamic importers. A noteworthy feature in Asia is Japan’s strong merchandise import growth over the last two years at a time when its economy was nearly stagnating, a development often linked to decisions by Japanese manufacturing firms to relocate part of their production to other Asian economies. In Western Europe, exports and imports grew by nearly 10% – about twice the rate in the preceding year but less than the growth of world trade. The growth of imports into North America again exceeded that of exports from North America, for the fourth consecutive year. Data for Latin America (including Mexico) indicate a strong recovery of imports in 2000, following the contraction in 1999 linked to repercussions of the financial crisis in Brazil. While the region’s export growth accelerated to 9.5%, the expansion was less strong than the world average for the first time since 1995. It should be kept in mind that regional totals for Latin America conceal the fact that in Mexico, the region’s largest trader, trade growth was three to four times faster than in the rest of the region.

2. Trade growth in 2000

US$940 billion). While the latter category recorded the highest growth among all major product groups throughout the 1990s, fuel’s 10% share in world trade in 2000 was little changed from its 1990 level. World exports of agricultural products again recorded the weakest growth of all product categories in 2000 (up 2% to US$560 billion); consequently its share in world merchandise trade fell to a record low of 9%. Chart 3

World merchandise trade by product, 2000 (Annual percentage change in value terms) Fuels Office and telecom equipment Non-ferrous metals Iron and steel Ores and other minerals Other consumer goods Chemicals Other semimanufactures Clothing Other mach. and transport equipm.

The value of world merchandise exports was up 12.5% in 2000, triple that of 1999, to US$6.2 trillion, due to the strong rise in export volumes and a small increase in export prices measured in US dollars (Table 1). World exports of commercial services rose by 6% in 2000 – close to the average for the past decade – reaching US$1.4 trillion. The faster growth of merchandise trade relative to trade in commercial services continued a trend that has been evident since the mid-1990s, driven in part by the 60% increase in oil prices since 1995. The estimated small increase in US dollar prices of merchandise exports last year arrested the downward trend evident since 1995. The overall figure, however, masks highly divergent price trends across products, countries and regions – trends that contributed to the large variations in trade growth of countries and regions in 2000 (see Table I.3). Crude oil prices were up to US$28 per barrel, their highest level since 1985. Both agricultural prices and those of internationally traded manufactured goods continued the declines that began in the second half of the 1990s, reaching their lowest level in ten years. Factors behind the weakness in prices for manufactured goods include low inflation rates, steady declines in the prices of electronic products throughout the 1990s (as their share in world trade of manufactured goods was rising), and the strength of the US dollar – in particular vis-à-vis European currencies, which led to a significant fall in the prices of European exports expressed in US dollars.3 The product categories in world merchandise trade with the highest growth rates in 2000 were fuels (up 50% to US$630 billion) and office and telecom equipment (up 20% to

Average

Textiles Automotive products Agricultural products

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Regional trade value developments in 2000 were strongly influenced by higher oil prices. All regions with a large share of fuels in their export basket – the Middle East, Africa and the transition economies – reported export expansions in excess of one quarter, or more than twice the global average export growth. For at least 17 oil-exporting countries, merchandise exports were up by more than one half in 2000.4 Export growth significantly exceeded import growth in both the Middle East, where exports are estimated to have risen by nearly 50%, and in the transition economies where – largely due to the Russian Federation’s high export growth – exports expanded by 26%. Africa’s 27% increase in merchandise exports in 2000 was four times the growth of its imports, and more than double the growth rate for world exports. However, that aggregate figure for the continent as a whole hides exceptionally large differences among individual African countries. While the major fuel exporters in Africa recorded sharp export and import growth, some 20 African countries reported absolute declines in the level of exports and imports. Western Europe’s export and import 3 The prices of manufactured goods excluding office and telecom products are estimated to have stagnated in 2000 and increased moderately since 1990. 4 Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Islamic Republic of Iran, Nigeria, Algeria, Kuwait, Iraq, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Oman, Kazakhstan, Angola, Trinidad and Tobago, Yemen, Turkmenistan, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan and Equatorial Guinea.

Table 1 World exports of merchandise and commercial services, 1990-2001 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value 2000

2

55

Annual percentage change 1990-00

1999

2000

2001 First half

Merchandise

6186

6.0

4.0

12.5

1.0

Commercial services

1435

6.0

2.0

6.0

…

Chart 4

World commercial services trade by selected region, 2000 (Annual percentage change in value terms)

Transition economies Overview

growth in 2000 was the lowest of all regions, principally due to the depreciation of the euro against the US dollar. Expressed in euros, exports from the EU were up 17%, compared to a 2.5% gain in US dollar terms. The marked difference between the stagnation of EU intra-trade and the 7% rise of exports to all other countries is attributable largely to different price developments. For the fifth consecutive year the expansion of North America’s trade – exports and imports – exceeded that of world trade. Imports were particularly buoyant, rising faster than exports and resulting in an excess of imports over exports in the order of US$450 billion, equivalent to 7% of world merchandise trade. North America’s trade deficit is entirely due to trade developments of the United States, with Canada recording a trade surplus in 2000. Asia’s import growth of nearly one quarter exceeded that of its exports which in turn still grew faster than world trade. Consequently, Asia’s share in world trade rose again and recovered (for exports) to its previous peak level of 27% in 1996. All major traders recorded double-digit export and import growth and intra-trade of the region rose by one quarter. Another noteworthy development was the outstanding expansion of China’s exports and imports and the recovery of imports of the five Asian countries most affected by financial turbulences in 1997/98. The latter group’s imports rose sharply in 2000 and nearly matched the previous peak level in 1996. As these countries’ exports have risen by one third between 1996 and 2000, their trade deficit of US$45 billion in 1996 turned into a surplus of US$70 billion by 2000. Commercial services trade developments by region and major product categories differed markedly less than those for merchandise trade in 2000. However, there were a number of similarities with merchandise trade in regional developments. Western Europe, which alone accounts for almost 45% of world services trade, recorded a near stagnation of its exports and imports measured in US dollars, compared with a 14% increase in euros. North America, Latin America and the Middle East recorded strong expansion of their commercial services trade, with both exports and imports up by more than 10%. The fastest growth of imports of commercial services occurred in the transition economies, whose exports grew also faster than the world average. Among the major categories of commercial services, transportation showed the strongest growth in 2000. This is unusual and most likely reflects both the strong expansion in merchandise trade and increased transportation costs due to the higher oil prices. The 5% increase in travel expenditure in 2000 was below that sector’s average growth over the past decade. Trade in “other commercial services” (financial services,

North America Latin America Imports

Africa

Exports Asia

World average

Western Europe 0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

communications, information services, royalties and licence fees) grew at about the same 6% rate as total services trade, in contrast to most years when this sector has been by far the most dynamic category of traded services.

3. Trade of developing countries The developing countries made a major contribution to the vigorous expansion of world output and trade in 2000 (Table 2). GDP growth in excess of 5% for the aggregate of developing countries was the strongest in a decade. The estimated 15% increase in the volume of merchandise exports from developing countries was three times faster than their GDP growth. In dollar terms, merchandise exports from developing countries rose 24%, twice the rate for world merchandise exports, while imports were up 21%. As a result, the share of the developing countries in world trade and output continued to increase, as it has done throughout the 1990s. Indeed, the share of developing countries in world merchandise exports has risen steadily since 1986 – with the exception of 1998 during the Asian financial crisis – reaching a 50-year high of 30% last year. Only a small part of the increase in the share of developing countries in world trade over the past decade is the result of increases in oil prices. It is due rather to their ability to expand their role in world exports of manufactured goods, the most dynamic part of world trade.

Table 2 Trade and output growth of developing economies, 1990-2000 (Annual percentage change) Developing economies

World

1999

2000

1990-00

1990-00

GDP

3.0

5.2

4.5

2.8

Merchandise export volume

7.0

15.0

9.0

7.0

Merchandise import volume

4.5

15.5

8.0

7.0

Merchandise export value

9.5

24.0

9.0

6.0

Merchandise import value

4.0

21.0

9.0

6.0

3

Overview

Developing countries accounted for 27% of world exports of manufactures in 2000, a remarkable increase from their 17% share in 1990 The largest part of this increased share is accounted for by China, Mexico and East Asian exporters of office and telecom equipment; such equipment also accounts for a very large share in total developing countries exports of manufactures. For the decade as a whole, a number of smaller exporters – particularly in Asia – also recorded export growth rates well above the global average. The share of manufactures in the merchandise exports of developing countries has risen markedly in the 1990s and exceeded two thirds in 1998/99. Exports of office and telecom equipment alone accounted for a larger share of their exports than either agricultural products or mining products. As regards the latter two product categories, the developing countries’ shares in world exports have shown limited gains over the past decade but still exceed – at 30% and 54% respectively – their 27% share of world exports of manufacturers. Developing countries merchandise exports and imports slowed markedly in the first half of 2001. Preliminary data suggest that developing countries exports rose about 2% in US dollar terms in the first six months of 2001 and that over the same period their imports were up 4%. Trade of developing countries in Asia was most affected. According to preliminary data their merchandise exports and imports stagnated in US dollar terms in the first six months, with trade in the second quarter below that in the same period in 2000. Lower volume growth and a decline in US dollar prices both contributed to this outcome. Latin America’s trade was up by about 5% (both exports and imports) but also on a downward trend. Imports of oil-exporting countries showed some strength despite a marked deceleration of their export growth. Least-developed countries The 49 least-developed countries (LDCs) – as a group – shared in the dynamic output and trade growth of the other developing countries. In 2000, GDP growth of LDCs is estimated to have exceeded 5%, and the US dollar value of their merchandise exports rose by 28%, to a record US$34 billion; this was the second consecutive year in which the growth in LDC merchandise exports exceeded the growth in world merchandise exports.5 However, the figures for the group as a whole conceal very divergent developments at the individual country level (Table 3).

For trade purposes, it is useful to distinguish at least four country groups: - oil-exporting LDCs, such as Angola, Yemen, Sudan and Equatorial Guinea; they benefited from higher oil prices and increased their exports by between 60% and 120% last year. These four countries alone accounted for more than 40% of LDC exports in 2000. - LDCs that export mostly manufactured goods; their merchandise exports rose by nearly one quarter last year. This group, which accounted for almost one third of LDC exports in 2000, comprises Bangladesh, Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Madagascar, Myanmar and Nepal. As a group, these countries have recorded high export growth rates throughout the 1990s, nearly matching or exceeding that of China. In many instances, exports from affiliates of multinational companies contributed to the outstanding trade growth. - the largest group; consists of those LDCs whose exports are limited to a few primary commodities; their export performance is often determined by the cyclical demand in commodity markets and the vagaries of weather. Exports of these LDCs are not only erratic but their longer term growth remains well below that of world trade. Even in last year’s buoyant economic environment, most of these countries saw their exports decline. - those LDCs that, due to armed conflicts and civil strife, experienced a severe contraction of their trade in the 1990s to levels below that of 20 years ago. Countries in this group – which now accounts for less than 5% of LDC merchandise exports – are Afghanistan, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Sierra Leone and Somalia. Given the very sharp differences in the economic and political conditions, as well as in the trade and output structure of these 49 countries, it is clear that aggregate figures for the LDCs as a whole are, for many purposes, not very helpful. This is evident, for example, from the fact that in 2000 aggregate merchandise exports from the LDCs were at a record level, while at the same time more than one third of the LDCs saw their exports decline.

If the LDCs were a single country, they would have been the 34th largest merchandise exporter in 2000, just ahead of Venezuela and Poland. 5

Table 3 Merchandise exports of least developed countries by selected country groups, 1990-2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value 2000

Total LDC

Annual percentage change 1990-00

1998

1999

2000

28

34

7

-6

12

Oil exporters (4) a

15

11

-30

50

63

Exporters of manufactures (7) b

11

14

20

5

23

Commodity exporters (29)

8

1

-1

-6

-3

LDC with civil strife (6) c

1

-7

-12

-8

-3

6186

6.0

-1.5

4.0

12.5

Memorandum Item : World a

4

Angola, Equatorial Guinea, Sudan and Yemen.

b

Bangladesh, Cambodia, Lao People’s Dem. Rep., Lesotho, Madagascar, Myanmar and Nepal.

c

Afghanistan, Burundi, Congo Dem. Rep., Rwanda, Sierra Leone and Somalia.

5. Details on trade developments in 2000 by geographic region

Merchandise trade developments, in dollar terms, of the largest regional trade agreements showed great variation in 2000.6 Their combined intra-trade is estimated to have accounted for about 36% of world merchandise exports in 2000; this is a lower share than at any time during the 1990s and is entirely due to the declining share of EU intra-trade. While intra-trade of the EU, the largest and most integrated RTA, rose less rapidly than its extra-regional trade, intra-trade of NAFTA expanded substantially faster than its exports to other regions. However, NAFTA imports from other regions rose, at 18%, as fast as its intra-trade. For both MERCOSUR and ASEAN intra-trade rose significantly faster than their extra-regional trade: for MERCOSUR, in 2000 the share of intra-trade, slightly above one fifth, remained below its 1998 peak; for ASEAN, intra-trade accounted for nearly one quarter of total trade, a record on the import, but not on export, side. Intra-regional trade of CEFTA and ANDEAN accounted for somewhat more than 10% of their total trade and expanded in general less rapidly than extra-regional trade in 2000. The exception being the extra-regional imports of ANDEAN which recovered less rapidly than intra-trade. Information on intra-regional trade in commercial services is generally not readily available and therefore often not taken into account in the evaluation of RTAs. However, it is of interest and now feasible to shed some light on intra-trade in commercial services for the EU and NAFTA. In both cases the share of intra-trade is significantly higher for merchandise than for services trade. For the EU the share of intra-trade for commercial services was 55% in 2000 or five percentage points less than for merchandise trade; this share has remained roughly unchanged from the early 1990s. For NAFTA, the share of intra-trade in commercial services decreased in the 1990s by about five percentage points and in 2000 was, at less than one quarter of total services trade, about half the rate recorded for merchandise trade.7 According to preliminary data for the year 2000, intra-regional trade in services expanded less dynamically than extra-regional trade in services for both the EU and NAFTA.

Vigorous demand growth in the United States, based on high investment and strong consumer expenditure sustained by large capital inflows, led to a surge in merchandise and commercial services imports. The current account deficit widened for the fourth consecutive year, reaching a record 4.5% of GDP. Meanwhile the real effective exchange rate of the US dollar continued to appreciate, making foreign goods steadily more attractive to United States buyers. As economic growth picked up in all regions in 2000, North America’s real export growth gained momentum and nearly caught up with the 11.5% increase in imports. The value of North American merchandise exports rose by 12.5%, more than twice as fast as in the preceding year and faster than the 10% increase in exports of commercial services. The acceleration in North America’s merchandise import growth in 2000 compared to 1999 is entirely due to higher prices (on a volume basis, import growth in 2000 just matched the 1999 figure).8 Imports of commercial services rose also at double-digit rates but less than merchandise imports. Price developments also left their mark on the origins of North America’s merchandise imports. Due to the rise in fuel prices, imports from Africa and the Middle East rose by more than 50% and those from the transition economies more than one third. Above average import growth was also recorded for shipments originating from the Republic of Korea (29%), Mexico (26%), Brazil (20%) and China (18%). In 2000, imports from China and Mexico accounted for 7.5% and 10%, respectively, of total North American imports. Over the 1990s, both countries increased their shares of North America’s imports, mainly at the expense of imports from Japan, Chinese Taipei and Brazil. While in 2000 intra-North American imports rose less rapidly than total

Overview

4. Trade developments in major regional trade agreements

6 The RTAs with, in dollar terms, the largest intra-trade flows in 2000 are: the EU (1394 billion), NAFTA (680 billion), ASEAN (96 billion), MERCOSUR (18 billion), CEFTA (14 billion) and ANDEAN (5 billion). Values refer to the average of exports and imports. 7 Using the average of exports and imports. 8 For the first time in three years North America’s real import expansion lagged somewhat behind that of global trade.

Table 4 GDP and trade developments in North America, 1990-2000 (Annual percentage change) North America

GDP

United States

Canada

1990-00

1999

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

3.2

4.1

4.2

3.2

4.1

4.1

2.7

4.5

4.7

Merchandise Exports (value)

7.5

5.0

12.5

7.0

3.0

11.5

8.0

11.5

16.0

Imports (value)

9.0

11.0

17.5

9.5

12.0

19.0

7.0

7.0

11.0

Exports (volume)

7.0

6.0

10.0

6.5

4.0

9.5

9.0

10.5

11.0

Imports (volume)

8.5

11.5

11.5

8.5

11.5

11.5

9.0

11.0

13.0

Commercial services Exports (value)

7.5

4.5

10.0

7.5

4.5

10.5

7.5

5.5

9.0

Imports (value)

6.5

4.0

12.5

7.0

4.0

13.5

4.5

3.5

9.0

5

Overview

imports, the 26% share was little changed from its level ten years earlier. Although imports from Japan and Western Europe rose at double-digit rates in 2000, this was not enough to avoid a further decrease in their share of North America’s imports (see Table III.13). North American merchandise exports to China and Mexico rose by more than one quarter in 2000, twice as fast as total exports. Intra-North America exports rose faster than total exports and accounted for 40% of North America’s exports. Mexico became the largest destination for North America’s exports in the 1990s, its 11% share exceeding the combined shipments to Japan, China and Hong Kong, China in 2000. North America’s exports to Japan and the EU rose by 11% and 6% respectively while shipments to the Middle East continued to decrease last year. The share of Africa and the transition economies dwindled further in 2000 and accounted for less than 2% of North American exports (see Table III.12). Latin America’s sharp rise in output in 2000 was mainly due to the recovery in Brazil and strong GDP growth in Mexico. The double-digit merchandise trade growth of the region conceals the fact that Mexico’s real trade growth was three to four times larger than that of the rest of Latin America, a development that can also be observed for the entire 1990-2000 period. The main elements in the outstanding Mexican trade growth are the expansion of the maquila industry, the creation of NAFTA and the strength of United States import demand (90% of Mexico’s merchandise exports – mainly manufactured goods – go to the United States). Measured in dollar terms, Latin American merchandise exports rose by 20% to 359 billion dollars, sharply reducing the region’s merchandise trade deficit despite a strong recovery of its imports (up 16%). Commercial services exports and imports rose by some 13% or twice as fast as the global average. This pattern, in which Latin America’s commercial services trade expands less rapidly than merchandise trade, held throughout the 1990s and in 2000. A noteworthy feature of Mexico’s commercial services trade is that, in contrast to merchandise trade, it is far less dynamic than that of most other Latin American countries. There was a marked change in the destinations of Latin American merchandise exports in the 1990s as the share of the Americas rose to nearly 80% at the expense of all other regions. In 2000, the combined value of intra-Latin American trade and exports to North America rose by 23% to a level much higher than exports to either Western Europe or Asia. Exports to other

regions increased moderately not only in 2000 but also throughout the 1990s, to the effect that the share of Africa, the Middle East and the transition economies combined has fallen to 2.5% last year. The product groups among Latin America’s merchandise exports showing the strongest rise in 2000 were: fuels (31%), office and telecom equipment (26%), non-ferrous metals (23%), clothing (22%) and automotive products (21%). While the strength of fuels and non-ferrous metal exports can be attributed to price increases, the rise in exports of the other three product groups reflects longer-term trends. Each of those three product groups has more than doubled its share in Latin America’s exports since 1990 and combined they accounted for more than a quarter of Latin America’s exports in 2000. The trade performances of individual Latin American countries are reported in Chart 5. Countries are ranked from the largest trader (exports plus imports) on the left to the smallest trader on the right (Mexico and Dominica, respectively). Not surprisingly the oil exporting countries (Venezuela and Trinidad and Tobago) recorded the by far highest export growth in 2000, while seven countries in the region experienced a contraction in their exports. The reasons for the contractions range from a temporary closure of a chip plant in the case of Costa Rica to lower exports of bananas in some Caribbean Islands. Last year’s export developments contrast with those recorded for the 1990s when the countries which export principally manufactures were the only ones with average annual export growth rates above 10%. These four countries, Mexico, the Dominican Republic, Costa Rica and El Salvador are also among the most dynamic importers due to their high level of intra-industry trade (processing trade). From Chart 5 it is also evident that the smaller merchandise traders in Latin America, mainly the Caribbean Islands, recorded much lower trade growth in the 1990s than the region’s top 14 traders. The most frequent explanation given for this development is the lack of diversification in the merchandise exports of the Caribbean Islands, together with a specialization in tourism (a commercial services item). In 2000, Western Europe recorded its fastest trade and output growth – on a volume basis – in the past decade, as merchandise exports and imports rose by about 10%, twice as fast as the preceding year. However, trade growth in dollar terms remained sluggish due to the depreciation of the European currencies against the US dollar and the low rates of inflation in 2000. The dollar value of commercial services exports and

Table 5 GDP and trade developments in Latin America, 1990-2000 (Annual percentage change) Latin America

GDP

Mexico

Other Latin America

1990-00

1999

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

3.2

0.4

4.1

3.5

3.5

6.9

3.1

-0.5

3.3

Merchandise Exports (value)

9.5

6.5

20.0

15.0

16.0

22.0

6.0

-0.5

18.5

Imports (value)

12.0

-3.0

15.5

15.5

13.5

23.0

9.0

-13.5

10.0

Exports (volume)

9.0

7.0

9.5

14.5

14.5

15.5

5.5

2.0

5.0

Imports (volume)

10.5

-1.5

11.0

13.0

14.0

19.0

8.5

-11.0

4.5

Exports (value)

7.5

-0.5

12.5

6.5

-3.0

17.0

7.5

0.5

11.0

Imports (value)

7.5

-5.5

13.0

5.0

11.5

19.5

8.5

-9.5

11.0

Commercial services

6

Chart 5

Latin America. Merchandise trade by country, 1990-2000

Merchandise trade of Latin American countries, 2000 (Exports plus imports, billion dollars) 200 180

Per capita merchandise trade of Latin American countries, 2000 (Exports plus imports, dollars) 6000 Trinidad and Tobago

Mexico (349) 5000

Netherlands Antilles

Bahamas (9000)

Overview

(Countries are ranked in descending order (from left to right) of the sum of merchandise exports and imports in 2000)

160

100

Costa Rica Brazil

3000

Argentina Venezuela Chile Colombia

2000

Chile

80 60 40

Barbados

4000

120

Dominica

140

Average 1000

20 0

0

Merchandise exports of Latin American countries, 2000 (Percentage change in dollar values) 30

20

Venezuela (58) Trinidad and Tobago (64) 25

Mexico

El Salvador

Average

20

15

El Salvador

15

Merchandise exports of Latin American countries, 1990-2000 (Average annual percentage change in dollar values)

Mexico

Dominican Rep.

Belize Cayman I.

Panama

10

Cuba

Guyana

Chile

10 5

Costa Rica

Average

5

0 n.a.

0

-5 Netherlands Antilles -10

-5

Costa Rica

-15

St. Lucia

-10

Merchandise imports of Latin American countries, 2000 (Percentage change in dollar values) 30

Merchandise imports of Latin American countries, 1990-2000 (Average annual percentage change in dollar values) 20

Mexico

Dominican Rep.

Mexico

25

Venezuela Cuba (-11)

Haiti

-20

Brazil

Belize Guyana

20

15 Average

15

Argentina Costa Rica Dominican Rep.

El Salvador Honduras

Haiti Nicaragua

10

Grenada

10 5

Average

5

0 -5

Argentina Costa Rica

Panama

Haiti Nicaragua

-10 -15 -20

Cayman Islands

n.a.

0

-5

Cuba

St. Vincent and the Granadines -10

7

Table 6 GDP and trade developments in Western Europe, 1990-2000 (Annual percentage change)

Overview

Western Europe

GDP

European Union (15)

EU (15) excl. intra-trade

1990-00

1999

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

2.0

2.4

3.4

2.0

2.6

3.3

…

…

…

Merchandise Exports (value)

4.0

0.5

3.0

4.0

0.0

2.5

5.0

-1.5

7.0

Imports (value)

4.0

1.5

5.5

4.0

2.0

5.0

5.5

3.5

13.0

Exports (volume)

6.5

4.5

10.5

6.5

5.0

10.5

4.5

3.5

12.0

Imports (volume)

6.0

5.5

10.0

6.0

6.0

9.5

4.5

5.0

9.5

Commercial services Exports (value)

4.5

0.5

0.5

4.5

1.5

-0.5

…

…

…

Imports (value)

4.5

1.0

1.0

5.0

1.0

1.0

…

…

…

imports was nearly stagnant as in the preceding year, while measured in euros they rose by 14%, significantly faster than in 1999. Large variations could be observed among the destinations of Western Europe’s merchandise exports. Exports to North America, Asia and the transition economies rose between 10% to 13% while shipments to the Middle East and Latin America recovered only partially from their contraction in 1999. Exports to Africa stagnated, as expanding shipments to South Africa were offset by a further shrinking shipments to other African countries. Intra-West European trade rose in dollar terms only marginally. In the 1990s the highest export growth was recorded to Central/East European countries which are in the process of joining the European Union. Western Europe’s exports to North America, developing Asia and Latin America also recorded above average growth during the 1990s, reflecting the fact that these regions had been the most dynamic importers in the world. As intra-trade accounts for about two thirds of total Western European trade, the relative performance of product groups is generally similar for both total imports and total exports.9 Due to the marked price increase, fuels and non-ferrous metals recorded the highest growth of all product groups on the import and export side. Trade in office and telecom equipment rose by more than 10% in both exports and imports, remaining – as in the preceding ten years – the fastest growing product group among the manufactured goods. In 2000, office and telecom equipment accounted for 13% of Western Europe’s imports while automotive products accounted for 10%. Agricultural products, textiles and clothing, in contrast, recorded a contraction on both the export and import side. Western Europe’s exports of automotive products recorded a small increase while imports decreased. In the 1990s, the average increase of automotive exports and imports was 5%, thereby somewhat faster than exports of manufacturers in general. Western Europe’s merchandise trade by country is shown in Chart 6. High export growth is reported by Norway, a fuels exporter, and Ireland, Finland and Malta, which export primarily office and telecom equipment. These three countries also recorded an above-average increase of imports in 2000 and in exports and imports over the last decade. Being net-fuels exporters contributed to an above-average increase in merchandise exports from the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. 8

A strong recovery in domestic demand caused a surge in Turkey’s imports in 2000, while exports stagnated. Turkey’s merchandise trade expansion in the 1990s is second only to Ireland’s. It is interesting to note that the smaller traders have been, for the most part, more dynamic traders than the larger Western European countries in both 2000 and in the last decade. In 2000, the transition economies recorded excellent output growth and a sharp recovery in their trade. The substantial devaluation of the rouble in 1998 and higher world prices for oil, natural gas and metals contributed to the outstanding 8.3% GDP growth in the Russian Federation last year. In Central/Eastern Europe economic activity also gained momentum and the 3.7% GDP growth was twice the average rate for the last three years. Following their contraction in 1999, exports and imports expanded with more than 15%, beating the global average. The value of merchandise exports from the region rose by 26% to 271 billion dollars in 2000, accounting for 4.4% of world exports. The 13% increase in merchandise import value was only half that of exports. Imports of commercial services into the transition economies rose by nearly 15% while exports were up 8%. Consequently, the region’s trade deficit in commercial services widened in 2000 at the same time as the region’s merchandise trade surplus was growing. Within the group of transition economies growth rates for merchandise exports differed widely in 2000, ranging from 14% for Central/Eastern Europe, to 24% for the Baltic States and to 38% for the CIS. Although a large part of these differences can be attributed to the different shares of fuels in their respective exports, it is worth noting that CIS exports of manufactured and agricultural products recovered at much stronger rates than those of Central/Eastern Europe. In 2000, the sluggishness of the latter’s exports of agricultural products is partly due to the decrease in shipments to Western Europe, which fell to a level below the 1996 level (see Table III.47). The trade performance of individual transition economies is shown in Chart 7. The two outstanding features of the transition economies’ merchandise exports in 2000 are the strong growth of the four major fuel exporting countries (the Russian

9 The share of intra-trade of the major product groups ranges from 65% to 77% for exports and from 47% to 84% for imports.

Chart 6

Western Europe. Merchandise trade by country, 1990-2000

Merchandise trade of Western European countries, 2000 (Exports plus imports, billion dollars)

Per capita merchandise trade of Western European countries, 2000 (Exports plus imports, dollars)

Overview

(Countries are ranked in descending order (from left to right) of the sum of merchandise exports and imports in 2000)

40000

1200 Germany

Belgium

35000

1000

Ireland

30000 Netherlands

800 600

25000 United Kingdom France

Switzerland

20000

Italy Netherlands Belgium

400

15000 10000

200

Ireland

Malta

Finland

5000

0

Malta

Germany Average

Greece

0

Merchandise exports of Western European countries, 1990-2000 (Average annual percentage change in dollar values)

Merchandise exports of Western European countries, 2000 (Percentage change in dollar values) 20

35

Norway

30 25

15

20 15 10 5

Ireland

10

Finland Germany UK

Netherlands Belgium

Spain Average Greece

0 -5

Ireland

Malta

5

Netherlands Average

0

n.a.

Turkey Norway Finland

France Portugal

-10

Merchandise imports of Western European countries, 2000 (Percentage change in dollar values)

Merchandise imports of Western European countries, 1990-2000 (Average annual percentage change in dollar values) 20

35 Turkey 30 25

15 Malta

20 15

Ireland

10 10

Italy

Spain

Ireland

Average

5 Norway

0 -5 -10

Austria

Denmark

Spain 5

Turkey

Greece

Average

Greece Portugal 0

n.a.

9

Table 7 GDP and trade developments in transition economies, 1995-2000 (Annual percentage change)

Overview

Transition economies

GDP

C./E. Europe

Russian Federation

1995-00

1999

2000

1995-00

1999

2000

1995-00

1999

2000

1.4

3.7

7.1

2.2

1.7

3.7

1.1

5.4

8.3

Merchandise Exports (value)

6.5

-1.0

26.0

8.0

1.0

14.0

5.5

1.0

39.0

Imports (value)

4.0

-12.0

13.5

9.0

-1.0

12.5

-5.5

-32.0

11.5

Exports (volume)

7.0

-2.0

17.0

…

…

…

…

…

…

Imports (volume)

8.0

-9.0

15.5

…

…

…

…

…

…

Exports (value)

2

-14

8

1

-11

11

-2

-27

6

Imports (value)

2

-8

15

3

1

5

-3

-18

30

Commercial services

Federation, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan) and the fact that the majority of the 22 transition countries recorded an expansion in exports above the world average. The high growth rate of the oil exporting transition economies was the outcome of higher prices combined with an increase in the quantity of fuel exports. The expansion of exports from the Central/East European countries, ranging from 12% for Hungary to 22% for Romania (and thereby below that of the transition countries in general) was affected by the fact that imports into Western Europe – its major export market – rose by a mere 5.5% in 2000. Despite the strong overall trade growth in 2000, it is disappointing to note that three transition economies have not regained their 1996 export levels, while five have not regained their 1996 import levels. Economic growth accelerated somewhat in Africa last year but with a GDP growth of 3.1% the expansion exceeded only slightly that of population growth and remained the lowest among all developing regions. Rough estimates for the volume of Africa’s merchandise trade indicate that export and import growth in real terms was around 6-7%, the lowest rate among all the geographic regions. The dollar value of Africa’s merchandise exports rose by more than one quarter last year, lifting Africa’s share to 2.3% of world merchandise exports. The strong expansion of the regional aggregate hides very divergent trends at the country level.

Exports of the eight African countries which export primarily crude oil rose by about two thirds, while that of South Africa increased by 12% and that of the rest of Africa rose by only 1%. The recovery of African imports by 7% to $137 billion was not enough to avoid a further erosion of its share in world imports to 2.1%. Oil exporters increased their imports by more than 20% and imports into South Africa were up 11%. The rest of Africa as a group recorded a slight decrease in imports. Africa’s commercial services exports stagnated in 2000 – partly due to sluggish tourism earnings – while commercial services imports rose by about 9%. The destination of Africa’s merchandise exports changed in 2000 under the impact of the region’s 60% rise in fuels exports. Regions which import primarily fuels from Africa (e.g. North and Latin America) increased their shares in Africa’s merchandise exports while the shares of other regions stagnated or decreased. African exports to North America – of which three quarters are fuels – went up by more than two thirds in 2000, bringing its share in Africa’s total exports to 18%, the highest level in the past decade. While African exports to Asia, and in particular to Western Europe, have a more diversified product structure than those to North America, the share of fuels in these trade flows is still close to one half, making this the major factor in the expansion of these trade flows by one quarter in 2000. Consequently, the shares of Western Europe and Asia in Africa’s total exports remained – at 50% and 17% respectively – roughly

Table 8 GDP and trade developments in Africa, 1990-2000 (Annual percentage change) Africa

GDP

South Africa

Other Africa

1990-00

1999

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

2.3

2.5

3.1

1.7

1.9

3.2

2.4

2.6

3.1

Merchandise Exports (value)

3.5

9.5

26.5

3.0

1.5

12.5

3.5

12.5

31.0

Imports (value)

4.0

-2.5

6.5

5.0

-8.5

11.0

3.5

-1.0

5.5

Exports (value)

5

10

1

4

-4

1

5

13

1

Imports (value)

4

-3

9

3

1

0

4

-4

10

Commercial services

10

Chart 7

Transition economies. Merchandise trade by country, 1995-2000

Merchandise trade of transition economies, 2000 (Exports plus imports, billion dollars)

Per capita merchandise trade of transition economies, 2000 (Exports plus imports, dollars) 7000

120 Russian Fed. (151)

6000

100

Czech Rep. Hungary

60

Czech Rep. Hungary Estonia

5000

Poland

80

Slovak Rep.

4000 3000

Ukraine Slovak Rep. Romania Belarus

20

Lithuania Bulgaria

2000

Latvia

Average Georgia

40

Overview

(Countries are ranked in descending order (from left to right) of the sum of merchandise exports and imports in 2000)

1000 0

0

Merchandise exports of transition economies, 1995-2000 (Average annual percentage change in dollar values)

Merchandise exports of transition economies, 2000 (Percentage change in dollar values) 30

40

Kazakhstan (64)

Russian Fed.

35 30

Ukraine

Turkmenistan (102)

Azerbaijan (88)

25

Azerbaijan

Belarus Average

25

Armenia

20

20 Hungary

Georgia

15 Kazakhstan Estonia

15 10

10

Average

5

5

0 0

Albania

-5 -10

Bulgaria

-5

Merchandise imports of transition economies, 2000 (Percentage change in dollar values)

Moldova (-9)

Merchandise imports of transition economies, 1995-2000 (Average annual percentage change in dollar values) 30

40 Belarus

35

Kazakhstan

Moldova, Rep. of 25

25 20 15 10

Russian, Fed.

30 Romania

20

Estonia

Hungary

Hungary

15 Poland

Average 10

Belarus

Estonia

Latvia Azerbaijan

Armenia

Average

5

5 0

Georgia

0

-5 -10

Kyrgyz Rep.

-5

Russian Fed. (-6)

Tajikistan

11

Chart 8

Africa. Merchandise trade by country, 1990-2000 (Countries are ranked in descending order (from left to right) of the sum of merchandise exports and imports in 2000)

Overview

Merchandise trade of African countries, 2000 (Exports plus imports, billion dollars) 3500 South Africa

Libyan A.J. Gabon (3600) (4000)

3000

50

2500

Seychelles (6500)

Mauritius Botswana

40

Equatorial Guinea Nigeria

30

20

Namibia

Algeria Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Morocco Egypt

1500

10

Djibouti

Average

500

0

0

Merchandise exports of African countries, 2000 (Percentage change in dollar values)

50

Tunisia

1000

Tunisia Angola

60

Swaziland

2000

Merchandise exports of African countries, 1990-2000 (Average annual percentage change in dollar values) 25

Libya A.J. (84) Congo (60)

Sierra Leone (117)

Sudan (132)

Equatorial Guinea (31)

20 Sudan

40

Guinea-Bissau Lesotho Seychelles

15 Equatorial Guinea

30

Average

10

Uganda

Morocco Ghana

20 5

Average

10 0

0

-5

-10 Côte d'Ivoire

Zimbabwe

Mauritania

-20 Uganda

-30

Malawi

n.a. South Africa Zambia Congo, D. R.

-10

Sao Tome and Principe

Gambia (-16)

-15

Merchandise imports of African countries, 2000 (Percentage change in dollar values)

Sierra Leone (-21)

60

Per capita merchandise trade of African countries, 2000 (Exports plus imports, dollars)

Merchandise imports of African countries, 1990-2000 (Average annual percentage change in dollar values) 25

Sierra Leone (84)

Libya A.J. (80)

50 Madagascar

40 30

Uganda

20 10

Average

0 -10 -20 -30

12

n.a. Algeria Egypt

Uganda Sao Tome and Principe (86)

60

20 15 10

Ghana Sudan

Average

0 -5

Burkina Faso -15

Cape Verde

Benin

5

-10 Zimbabwe

Nigeria

n.a. Zambia Congo, D.R.

total merchandise exports. The share of intra-regional trade in total trade is estimated to have been about 6.5% last year, unchanged from 1990. The trade performance of individual countries in the Middle East is shown in Chart 9. Those countries which export primarily crude oil recorded increases in their exports in excess of 50%, while the fuel importers recorded export growth rates below 10%, with the notable exception of Israel. Israel’s strong export performance in the 1990s and in 2000 can be partly attributed to the strength of its exports in office and telecom equipment. Yemen and Kuwait recorded the highest export growth in the 1990s due to an expansion of their crude oil production. In the case of Yemen, new wells more than doubled oil output while in Kuwait production has recovered from the low level following the Gulf War. While Asia’s economic recovery continued in 2000, the 3.5% GDP growth was below that recorded in the first half of the 1990s. Japan’s economy, the largest in the region, reported a lacklustre growth of 1.5% last year, in contrast to the nearly 7% GDP growth in developing Asia. The five Asian countries most affected by the financial turbulence in 1997/98 – recorded an average GDP growth of 6.5%. However, growth rates differed markedly between those countries, ranging from nearly 9% for the Republic of Korea to 4% in the Philippines. China’s reported GDP growth was 8% in 2000, down slightly from the 10% average growth in the 1990s, the latter a significant achievement for the most populous country in the world. Despite the moderate acceleration of Asia’s economic growth in 2000, its trade volume surged by more than 15%, about twice the average growth rate for the 1990s. The merchandise export volume of the five Asian countries just mentioned expanded by nearly 20% and imports recovered nearly as fast. Japan’s import growth over the last two years is astonishingly strong given the near stagnation of its economy. Nevertheless, the expansion in the volume of exports and imports was less than the world average, both in 2000 and throughout the decade. For the second year in a row, Asia’s merchandise imports (in value terms) expanded faster than the region’s merchandise exports. However, in 2000 Asia’s 23% share in world merchandise imports remained below its previous peak of 25% in 1995, while Asia’s export share recovered to its previous peak (see Chart III.18). Asia’s commercial services exports rose by 12% in 2000, twice the world average, while the region’s imports rose by 8%. The excess of the region’s export over import growth can be attributed largely to the region’s two largest commercial services exporters, Japan and Hong Kong, China. Both recorded a rise in their commercial services exports of 13% in 2000, while their imports rose only moderately (see Table III.79).

Overview

unchanged from the preceding year. It is estimated that intraAfrican trade increased by 12%, which implies a decrease in this share to about 7.5%, the lowest level in the last five years (see Table III.58). In addition to the sharp rise in fuels exports, other major features of Africa’s merchandise exports include a marked decrease in agricultural exports, a stagnation of clothing shipments and a sharp rise in exports of chemicals and other semi-manufactured goods (including diamonds). Chart 8 summarizes Africa’s merchandise trade by country for the year 2000 and the period 1990-2000. Three features standout. First, Africa’s trade is highly concentrated, with four countries alone out of 52 accounting for more than one half of Africa’s trade. Second, as it is indicated by the marked differences in per capita trade, the importance of merchandise trade differs dramatically among African countries. Third, the chart reveals that there is a large variation in the individual trade performance of African countries not only in 2000 but also over the 1990-2000 period. Over the last ten years 11 African countries expanded their exports faster than the 6% increase in world trade, while 14 African countries exported less in 2000 than ten years earlier – confirming the point made in connection with LDC trade that aggregated regional data often conceals highly divergent developments at a more disaggregated level. The Middle East, where fuels account for three quarters of merchandise exports, was the region that benefitted most from the oil price increases over the last two years. For the second year in a row, it recorded the highest export growth of all the regions and its share in world merchandise exports reached 4.2% the highest level since 1985. Despite the sharply higher export earnings, imports of merchandise recovered only by 13.5%, resulting in a substantial trade and current account surplus. Commercial services exports rose by 15% to 34 billion dollars in 2000. Although commercial services exports of the region have expanded faster than imports over the last four years, the region still recorded a commercial services deficit in the order of 22 billion dollars, offsetting about one fourth of the region’s merchandise trade surplus. The regional pattern of the Middle East’s merchandise exports shows above average growth to Asia and North America and below average growth to Western Europe. This relative strength of shipments to Asia and North America is not limited to recent years but can be observed as well for the past decade. Asia’s share in the Middle East’s exports of mining products reached 58% and approached one half of the region’s total merchandise exports. Asia is also the major market for the region’s chemicals exports. Largely due to the development of a petrochemical industry, chemicals have become the second major product in the Middle East’s exports, accounting for about 6% of the region’s

Table 9 Trade developments in the Middle East, 1990-2000 (Annual percentage change) 1998

1999

2000

1990-95

1995-00

1990-00

Exports (value)

-21.0

28.0

46.5

1.5

12.5

7.0

Imports (value)

-0.5

1.5

13.5

5.5

5.5

5.5

Exports (value)

5

10

15

8

8

8

Imports (value)

-8

2

10

4

5

4

Merchandise

Commercial services

13

Chart 9

Middle East. Merchandise trade by country, 1990-2000 (Countries are ranked in descending order (from left to right) of the sum of merchandise exports and imports in 2000)

Overview

Merchandise trade of Middle Eastern countries, 2000 (Exports plus imports, billion dollars) 120

Per capita merchandise trade of Middle Eastern countries, 2000 (Exports plus imports, dollars) 25000

Saudi Arabia

United Arab Emirates (27000)

Qatar

100

80

20000

United Arab Emirates Israel

Bahrain 15000 Kuwait

60

Israel Iran, Islamic Rep. of

40

10000

Iraq

Saudi Arabia

Kuwait Oman

20

Cyprus

5000 Average

Qatar Cyprus

Iran

Syria Yemen

0

0

Merchandise exports of Middle Eastern countries, 2000 (Percentage change in dollar values) 80

Jordan

Merchandise exports of Middle Eastern countries, 1990-2000 (Average annual percentage change in dollar values) 20

Yemen 70

Iraq

Yemen

Saudi Arabia Iraq Kuwait Oman

60

15

Iran 50

Average Saudi Arabia

Qatar

30

Syria

Israel

Kuwait

Israel

10

40

Qatar Average

Iran Iraq

5

Bahrain

20 10

Lebanon Jordan

Jordan Lebanon

Syria

0

Cyprus

0 Cyprus

-10

-5

Merchandise imports of Middle Eastern countries, 2000 (Percentage change in dollar values) 80

Merchandise imports of Middle Eastern countries, 1990-2000 (Average annual percentage change in dollar values) 20

70 Iraq

60

15

50

United Arab Emirates

Yemen 40

Israel

Kuwait Saudi Arabia

5

Average Oman

10

14

Jordan

Iran

20

0

Israel

Kuwait Qatar Oman Iraq

Qatar Bahrain

30

-10

Lebanon

10

Cyprus

0

Syria Lebanon -5

Saudi Arabia

Average

Bahrain Iran

Yemen

Jordan Cyprus

Table 10 GDP and trade developments in Asia, 1990-2000 (Annual percentage change)

GDP

Japan

Asia (5) a

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

3.2

0.0

2.8

3.4

1.3

-1.1

0.8

1.5

5.2

-8.1

6.5

6.7

Overview

Asia

Merchandise Exports (value)

8.5

-6.0

7.5

18.5

5.0

-8.0

8.0

14.5

11.5

-3.5

10.0

18.5

Imports (value)

7.5

-18.0

10.5

23.5

5.0

-17.0

11.0

22.0

8.5

-31.0

15.0

27.5

Exports (volume)

8.0

3.5

7.0

16.0

3.0

-1.5

2.0

9.5

14.0

14.5

14.5

19.0

Imports (volume)

7.5

-8.5

9.0

15.5

5.5

-5.5

9.5

11.0

8.5

-21.5

10.5

17.5

Commercial services

a

Exports (value)

9

-13

4

12

5

-9

-2

13

10

-22

0

5

Imports (value)

7

-11

6

8

3

-9

3

1

11

-25

4

15

Asia (5) comprises the five countries most affected by the financial crisis in 1997/98: Indonesia, the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand.

There was a 25% expansion of intra-regional merchandise exports in 2000, which now accounts for nearly one half of Asia’s exports. Although this represents a marked advance compared with the 42% share in 1990, it is still below the previous record level of 52% reached in 1996 before the outbreak of the financial crises. The share of North America and Western Europe in Asia’s exports decreased somewhat in 2000 (to nearly 26% and 17% respectively) but still remained above the 1995 levels (see Table III.72). The major product groups in Asia’s merchandise exports recorded rather divergent rates of expansion in 2000, ranging from nearly 40% for fuels to 8% for automotive products. Product groups that expanded by at least 20% in 2000 include iron and steel, office and telecom equipment, and other machinery and transport equipment. Exports of agricultural products rose by 11%, a strong performance given the weakness of international food prices. Intra-Asian trade in agricultural products was up 14% and accounted for nearly two thirds of the region’s agricultural exports. Office and telecom equipment again showed the highest expansion in value – except fuels – in 2000, bringing its share in Asia’s merchandise exports to a record 27%. It has not only become Asia’s major merchandise export product but also the product for which Asia has the largest share – nearly one half – in world exports (see Table III.71). Asia’s merchandise trade by country showed more variation on the import than on the export side in 2000. Among the Asian economies shown in Chart 10, nine recorded export growth in excess of 25%, while only one (Fiji) recorded a contraction. As for merchandise imports, value increases in excess of 25% were reported for seven economies, while for seven other Asian economies imports either stagnated or declined. In some cases the strong export growth can be traced partly to higher prices for oil (Indonesia, Viet Nam and Brunei Darussalam) and nickel (New Caledonia). Merchandise exports from Japan, the regions largest trader, expanded less rapidly than exports from the rest of Asia not only in 2000 but also throughout the 1990-2000 period. Consequently, its share in Asia’s exports decreased from 36% in 1990 to 26% in 2000. The seven most dynamic Asian traders with annual export and import growth in excess of 10% throughout the 1990-2000 period include Cambodia, China, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines and Viet Nam. However, despite their rapid trade expansion

Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic and Myanmar still had a very low level of trade per capita (less than 200 dollars) in 2000. The major change in Asia’s trade by country over the last decade is the increased weight of China. In 1990, China was the fourth largest exporter and fifth larger importer in Asia, and its trade was about one fifth that of Japan. In 2000, China has become Asia’s second largest trader, accounting for 15% of Asia’s trade, and its trade was equivalent to roughly one half of Japan’s trade.

6. Developments in the first half of 2001 and outlook for the year as a whole Following the strong growth of world trade in 2000, a marked deceleration in 2001 was widely anticipated, with parts of the world economy already showing signs of weakening in the fourth quarter of 2000 (Chart 11). For the information technology sector, warning signs had appeared even earlier in the year – with the sharp declines in share prices on the major stock exchanges – but it was only in the first half of 2001 that the full impact on investment and production in this sector became fully apparent. Adjustment to higher energy prices and the effects of tighter monetary policies in the industrial countries for most of 2000 were other major factors behind the weaker economic growth in early 2001. While the slowing of the United States economy in 2001 has, for the most part, matched expectations, short-term growth prospects in many other parts of the world economy became more clouded in the first six months of the year. Output growth in Western Europe slowed more than expected in the first half of 2001, while Japan’s economy hovered on the edge of a recession. East Asian economies with a large share of information technology products in their export baskets suffered from the very sharp decline in global demand for these products. In contrast, China’s economy, helped by strong domestic demand, showed few effects of the weaker economies of its neighbours. Latin America’s output growth was revised downwards due to the financial crisis in Argentina and the energy crisis in Brazil. Africa seems to be the only region in 15

Chart 10

Asia. Merchandise trade by country, 1990-2000 (Countries are ranked in descending order (from left to right) of the sum of merchandise exports and imports in 2000)

Overview

Merchandise trade of Asian countries, 2000 (Exports plus imports, billion dollars) 800

Per capita merchandise trade of Asian countries, 2000 (Exports plus imports, dollars) 20000

Singapore (84000)

Japan (859) 18000

700

Hong Kong, China (62000)

16000

Brunei Darussalam

600 14000 500

Chinese Taipei

China

12000

Hong Kong, China 400 300 200 100

Macau, China

10000

Korea, Rep. of Chinese Taipei Singapore Malaysia Australia Thailand Indonesia India Philippines Viet Nam

Malaysia

8000 Japan

Average Australia

6000 4000

Thailand

2000 0

0

Merchandise exports of Asian countries, 2000 (Percentage change in dollar values)

Merchandise exports of Asian countries, 1990-2000 (Average annual percentage change in dollar values) 30

45

New Caledonia (61)

40

25

Brunei Nepal Darussalam

35 30

China

Indonesia

25

Cambodia Viet Nam Philippines

20 Bangladesh Maldives Average

20 15 10

15

0

Malaysia

Thailand

10

Average

-5

Hong Kong, China

-5 Fiji

-15

Korea, DPR

-10

Merchandise imports of Asian countries, 2000 (Percentage change in dollar values)

Mongolia

Merchandise imports of Asian countries, 1990-2000 (Average annual percentage change in dollar values) 30

45

30

Lao People's Dem. Rep.

0

-10

35

Myanmar Bangladesh Nepal

China

5

5

40

New Zealand

Indonesia China

Korea, Rep. of

Myanmar

25

Viet Nam Mongolia

Malaysia

Viet Nam

20 China

25

15

Average

20

Sri Lanka

10

15 10

Cambodia Maldives

Hong Kong, China

Afghanistan

Average

5

5 0

0 -5 -10 -15

16

Japan

New Zealand

Maldives Papua New Guinea Korea, DPR

Fiji (-20)

-5 -10

Korea, DPR (-11)

Afghanistan

Chart 11

Real GDP and trade growth of OECD countries, 1996-2001 (Percentage change on a year-to-year basis)

United States

OECD Countries

15

15

10

10

5

5 0 -5

Overview

20

20

0 Q1 1996

Q1 1997

Q1 1998

Q1 1999

Q1 2000

Q1 2001

Q1 1996

-5

Q1 1997

Q1 1998

Q1 1999

Q1 2000

Q1 2001

Q1 1999

Q1 2000

Q1 2001

-10

-10

European Union Japan

20 20 15 15 10

10

5 0

5 Q1 1996

Q1 1997

Q1 1998

Q1 1999

Q1 2000

Q1 2001

0

-5

-5

-10

-10

GDP

Exports of goods and services

Q1 1996

Q1 1997

Q1 1998

Imports of goods and services

which GDP growth may be higher in 2001 than in 2000; however, it was also the region with the lowest growth in 2000 and its growth continues to be well below the average for developing countries. An important factor behind the sharper-than-expected slowdown in world economic growth is the steep fall in expenditure on information technology products. This sector, which played a key role in the outstanding economic growth in many regions during the second half of the 1990s, is now undergoing severe contractionary pressures. Worldwide sales of personal computers in the second quarter of 2001 were below their level in the corresponding period of 2000, and are expected to remain below last year’s level for the full year 2001 – the first ever such annual decline. In June 2001, the value of global shipments of semi-conductors – also a major item in world trade – was down 30% compared with its level a year earlier.10 Preliminary figures for the first half of 2001 indicate that the deceleration of trade growth this year will be much sharper than previously expected. Factors behind the downward revision include the unexpectedly strong slowdown in demand growth in Western Europe, the stagnation of imports into the United States in the first half of the year, and the repercussions on trade – especially that of East Asia – of the dramatic downturn in production and investment in the information technology industry world wide. With inflation in all major regions at low levels, the appreciation of the US dollar vis-à-vis the currencies of the major traders in Western Europe and in Asia led to a fall in the prices of internationally traded goods. Falling US dollar prices and a slowdown in volume growth, in turn, caused a sharp

deceleration in the growth in the dollar value of world trade. According to preliminary data, the value of world trade increased only 1% in the first half of 2001, after an increase of 12.5% for 2000; it appears that in the second quarter of 2001 the value of world trade fell to a level below that of a year ago. Japan and the Asian developing countries which are major traders in office and telecom equipment reported double-digit percentage declines in the value of their merchandise exports and imports in the second quarter of 2001 (on a year-over-year basis). China’s vigorous trade expansion slowed in the first half of 2001; but with imports still growing at double-digit rates and exports up by 9%, its sizeable trade surplus decreased. The relative strength of China’s trade developments in the first six months of 2001 can be attributed to its strong domestic demand growth, the stability of its currency vis-à-vis the US dollar and a relatively small share of office and telecom products in its merchandise trade. Growth in the value of North America’s trade decelerated further in the first quarter of 2001, and in the second quarter both exports and imports were below their year-earlier levels. Latin America’s trade in the first half, in contrast, expanded by about 5% despite the sharply slower growth in Mexico’s trade. Western Europe’s merchandise exports and imports are estimated to have increased by only 2.5% and 1.5% in value, respectively, during the first half due to lower volume growth and the valuation effect of the depreciation of the euro and other European currencies vis-à-vis the US dollar. Stimulated by

10

Semi-conductor Industry Association, Press Release August 2, 2001.

17

Overview

18

the Russian Federation’s strong 20% import expansion, the transition economies turned in the best trade performance among the major regions during the first half of 2001. On the basis of the latest available data, world merchandise trade is expected to grow in volume terms by only 2% in 2001, instead of the 7% projected earlier in the year. Moreover, there is great uncertainty about trade and growth developments in the

fourth quarter of 2001, particularly in light of the tragic events of 11 September 2001, and thus even the 2% trade growth forecast must be considered tentative. Trade in Western Europe and the transition economies is expected to increase somewhat more than 2%, while that of North America is likely to be below the global average. Projections for Japan foresee a contraction in exports, coupled with a moderate growth in imports.

I. World trade in 2000 - Overview Table I.1

Growth in the volume of world merchandise exports and production by major product group, 1990-00

1990-00

1997

1998

1999

2000

7.0

11.0

5.0

5.0

12.0

Agricultural products

4.5

6.0

0.0

2.5

8.0

Mining products

4.0

9.5

4.0

-1.5

0.5

Manufactures

7.5

12.0

5.0

7.0

14.5

2.5

4.5

2.0

2.5

4.5

Agriculture

2.0

2.5

1.5

2.5

1.0

Mining

1.5

3.5

1.5

-2.0

3.5

Manufacturing

2.5

5.5

2.5

3.5

6.0

2.0

3.5

2.0

3.0

4.0

World merchandise exports

World merchandise production

World GDP

World trade in 2000 - Overview

(Annual percentage change)

Note: World merchandise production differs from world GDP in that it excludes services and construction.

Table I.2

Growth in the volume of world merchandise trade by selected region, 1990-00 (Annual percentage change) Exports 1990-00

Imports

1999

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

7.0

5.0

12.0

World

7.0

6.0

12.0

7.0

6.0

10.0

North America a

8.5

11.5

11.5

9.0

7.0

9.5

10.5

-1.5

11.0

6.5

4.5

10.5

6.5

5.0

10.5

6.0

5.5

10.0

6.0

6.0

9.5

5.5

-2.0

17.0

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

4.0

-9.0

15.5

8.0

7.0

16.0

Asia

7.5

9.0

15.5

3.0

2.0

9.5

10.5

9.0

16.5

Latin America Western Europe European Union (15)

Japan

5.5

9.5

11.0

Six East Asian traders

8.0

11.0

16.5

a Excluding Mexico throughout this report.

19

Table I.3

Growth in the value of world merchandise trade by region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports

World trade in 2000 - Overview

Value

Imports

Annual percentage change

Value

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

6186

6

4

12

Annual percentage change

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

World

6490

6

4

13

1504

9

11

17

388

12

-3

16

2567

4

1

5

1058

7

5

12

North America a

359

9

7

20

Latin America

2441

4

0

3

Western Europe

2251

4

0

2

2362

4

2

5

271

7

0

26

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

European Union (15)

242

5

-12

13

116

8

1

14

Central and Eastern Europe

146

10

-1

13

105

-

1

39

46

-

-32

12

145

3

10

27

Africa

137

4

-3

7

263

7

28

46

Middle East

171

6

1

14

Asia

1649

8

7

18

479

5

8

14

249

15

6

28

649

9

8

19

Russian Fed.

1481

8

10

23

380

5

11

22

China

225

15

18

36

Six East Asian traders

615

8

11

27

Japan

a Excluding Mexico throughout this report. Note: It should be mentioned at the outset that there are breaks in the continuity of the figures at the country and regional levels. These breaks are indicated in Appendix Tables A5 and A6. Explanations of significant breaks are given in the Technical Notes.

Table I.4

Growth in the value of world trade in commercial services by selected region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports Value

Imports

Annual percentage change

2000

1990-00

1999

Value 2000

2000

1435

6

2

6

World

312

8

5

10

North America a

61

7

0

12

Latin America

646

5

0

0

577

5

1

0

31

5

10

1

303

9

4

12

30

18

10

15

68

5

-2

145

10

7

Annual percentage change 1990-00

1999

1435

6

2

6

241

7

4

13

72

8

-5

13

615

5

1

1

571

5

1

1

Africa

39

4

-3

9

Asia

365

7

6

8

China

36

24

17

16

13

Japan

116

3

3

1

11

Six East Asian traders

138

10

8

13

Western Europe European Union (15)

a Excluding Mexico throughout this report. Note: It should be mentioned at the outset that there are numerous breaks in the continuity of the figures at the country and regional levels due to frequent revisions to the trade in services data. See the Technical Notes.

20

2000

Table I.5

Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Exporters

Value

Share

United States Germany Japan France United Kingdom Canada China Italy Netherlands Hong Kong, China domestic exports re-exports

781.1 551.5 479.2 298.1 284.1 276.6 249.3 237.8 212.5 202.4 23.7 178.8

12.3 8.7 7.5 4.7 4.5 4.3 3.9 3.7 3.3 3.2 0.4 2.8

11 1 14 -1 6 16 28 1 6 16 6 18

16 17 18 19 20

Belgium Korea, Rep. of Mexico Taipei, Chinese Singapore domestic exports re-exports Spain Russian Fed. Malaysia Sweden Saudi Arabia b

186.1 172.3 166.4 148.3 137.9 78.9 59.1 113.7 105.2 98.2 86.9 84.1

2.9 2.7 2.6 2.3 2.2 1.2 0.9 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.3

4 20 22 22 20 15 28 3 39 16 2 66

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Switzerland Ireland Thailand Austria Australia Indonesia Norway Brazil Denmark Finland

81.5 79.9 69.1 63.9 63.9 62.1 60.0 55.1 49.6 45.6

1.3 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

India United Arab Emirates b Philippines Venezuela Poland Israel Iran, Islamic Rep. of b South Africa Czech Rep. Hungary

42.3 39.9 39.8 31.8 31.7 31.3 30.0 30.0 29.0 28.1

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Turkey Argentina Portugal Nigeria b Algeria Kuwait Iraq b Chile Ukraine Viet Nam

11 12 13 14 15

Total of above d World d

Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15 16

Importers United States Germany Japan United Kingdom France Canada Italy China Hong Kong, China retained imports a Netherlands

Value

Share

Annual percentage change

1257.6 502.8 379.5 337.0 305.4 244.8 236.5 225.1 214.2 35.4 198.0

18.9 7.5 5.7 5.1 4.6 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.2 0.5 3.0

19 6 22 5 4 11 7 36 19 24 4

182.6 173.0 160.5 153.5 140.0 134.5 75.6 83.6 82.2 72.8 71.5

2.7 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.0 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1

23 5 34 6 26 21 16 5 27 6 3

17 18 19 20

Mexico Belgium Korea, Rep. of Spain Taipei, Chinese Singapore retained imports Switzerland Malaysia Sweden Australia

2 12 18 -1 14 28 32 15 0 9

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Austria Thailand Brazil Turkey Ireland India Poland Russian Fed. Denmark Portugal

68.6 61.9 58.5 53.5 50.9 50.5 48.9 45.5 44.3 38.2

1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6

-2 23 13 31 8 12 7 12 -1 -4

0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4

16 29 9 58 15 21 52 12 11 12

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

Israel Norway Finland Philippines Indonesia Czech Rep. c Hungary United Arab Emirates Saudi Arabia b South Africa

38.1 34.4 33.9 33.8 33.5 32.2 32.1 31.9 30.3 29.7

0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4

15 1 7 4 40 15 15 4 8 11

26.6 26.3 23.3 20.1 19.6 19.5 19.3 18.2 14.6 14.5

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

0 13 -5 57 56 60 61 16 26 25

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Greece b Argentina Chile Venezuela b Viet Nam Iran, Islamic Rep. of b Egypt Ukraine New Zealand Iraq b

26.3 25.1 18.1 16.1 15.6 15.2 14.0 14.0 13.9 13.7

0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

-1 -1 19 14 35 20 -13 18 -3 61

6038.0 6364.0

94.9 100.0

12

6178.0 6669.0

92.6 100.0

13

Total of above d World d

World trade in 2000 - Overview

Rank

Annual percentage change

a Retained imports are defined as imports less re-exports. See the Technical Notes. b Secretariat estimates. c Imports are valued f.o.b. d Includes significant re-exports or imports for re-export. Note: For annual data 1990-00, see Appendix Tables A5 and A6.

21

Table I.6

Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade (excluding intra-EU trade), 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage)

Rank

World trade in 2000 - Overview

1 2 3 4 5 6

Exporters

Rank

858.9 781.1 479.2 276.6 249.3 202.4 23.7 178.8 172.3 166.4 148.3 137.9 78.9 59.1

17.3 15.7 9.6 5.6 5.0 4.1 0.5 3.6 3.5 3.3 3.0 2.8 1.6 1.2

7 11 14 16 28 16 6 18 20 22 22 20 15 28

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Russian Fed. Malaysia Saudi Arabia Switzerland Thailand Australia Indonesia Norway Brazil India

105.2 98.2 84.1 81.5 69.1 63.9 62.1 60.0 55.1 42.3

2.1 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.9

39 16 66 2 18 14 28 32 15 16

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

United Arab Emirates b Philippines Venezuela Poland Israel Iran, Islamic Rep. of b South Africa Czech Rep. Hungary Turkey

39.9 39.8 31.8 31.7 31.3 30.0 30.0 29.0 28.1 26.6

0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5

29 9 58 15 21 52 12 11 12 0

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

Argentina Nigeria b Algeria Kuwait Iraq b Chile Ukraine Viet Nam Libyan Arab Jamahiriya b New Zealand

26.3 20.1 19.6 19.5 19.3 18.2 14.6 14.5 14.2 13.3

0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Colombia Slovak Rep. Oman Romania Qatar Pakistan Kazakhstan Slovenia Angola Morocco

13.0 11.9 11.3 10.4 9.4 9.2 9.1 8.7 7.9 7.4 4790.0 4972.0

Total of above d World (excl. intra-EU trade) d

22

Share

Extra-EU exports United States Japan Canada China Hong Kong, China domestic exports re-exports Korea, Rep. of Mexico Taipei, Chinese Singapore domestic exports re-exports

7 8 9 10

a b c d

Value

Annual percentage change

Share 23.9 18.3 7.2 4.6 4.3 4.1 0.7 3.5 3.0 2.7 2.6 1.4

19 13 22 11 36 19 24 23 34 26 21 16

Switzerland Malaysia Australia Thailand Brazil Turkey India Poland Russian Fed. Israel

83.6 82.2 71.5 61.9 58.5 53.5 50.5 48.9 45.5 38.1

1.6 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7

5 27 3 23 13 31 12 7 12 15

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Norway Philippines Indonesia Czech Rep. c Hungary United Arab Emirates Saudi Arabia b South Africa Argentina Chile

34.4 33.8 33.5 32.2 32.1 31.9 30.3 29.7 25.1 18.1

0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.3

1 4 40 15 15 4 8 11 -1 19

13 57 56 60 61 16 26 25 84 7

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

Venezuela b Viet Nam Iran, Islamic Rep. of b Egypt Ukraine New Zealand Iraq b Romania Nigeria b Slovak Rep. c

16.1 15.6 15.2 14.0 14.0 13.9 13.7 13.1 12.9 12.7

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

14 35 20 -13 18 -3 61 26 24 12

0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

13 16 57 22 30 8 64 1 52 1

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Colombia Morocco Pakistan Slovenia Dominican Republic b Algeria Peru Tunisia Belarus Bangladesh

11.5 11.5 11.0 10.1 9.8 9.2 8.8 8.6 8.5 8.4

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

8 16 7 2 22 0 9 1 27 9

96.3 100.0

17

4801.0 5272.0

91.1 100.0

17

7 8 9 10

United States Extra-EU imports Japan Canada China Hong Kong, China retained imports a Mexico Korea, Rep. of Taipei, Chinese Singapore retained imports a

Value 1257.6 965.7 379.5 244.8 225.1 214.2 35.4 182.6 160.5 140.0 134.5 75.6

Retained imports are defined as imports less re-exports. See the Technical Notes. Secretariat estimates. Imports are valued f.o.b. Includes significant re-exports or imports for re-export.

1 2 3 4 5 6

Importers

Annual percentage change

Total of above d World (excl. intra-EU trade) d

Table I.7

Leading exporters and importers in world trade in commercial services, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage)

Exporters

Value

Share

Rank

Importers

Value

Share

Annual percentage change

1

United States

274.6

19.1

10

1

United States

198.9

13.8

2

United Kingdom

99.9

7.0

-3

2

Germany

132.3

9.2

13 0

3

France

81.2

5.7

0

3

Japan

115.7

8.1

1

4

Germany

80.0

5.6

1

4

United Kingdom

82.1

5.7

-1

5

Japan

68.3

4.8

13

5

France

61.5

4.3

-2 -3

6

Italy

56.7

4.0

-6

6

Italy

55.7

3.9

7

Spain

53.0

3.7

0

7

Netherlands

51.1

3.6

2

8

Netherlands

52.3

3.6

-1

8

Canada

41.9

2.9

9

9 10

Hong Kong, China

42.1

2.9

13

9

Belgium-Luxembourg

42.0

2.9

4

10

Belgium-Luxembourg

38.3

2.7

6

China

35.9

2.5

16 25

11

Canada

37.2

2.6

9

11

Korea, Rep. of

33.4

2.3

12

China

30.1

2.1

15

12

Spain

30.8

2.1

2

13

Austria

30.0

2.1

-3

13

Austria

29.1

2.0

-1

14

Korea, Rep. of

29.2

2.0

13

14

Ireland

28.7

2.0

8

15

Singapore

26.6

1.9

13

15

Hong Kong, China

26.2

1.8

3 10

16

Switzerland

26.4

1.8

0

16

Taipei, Chinese

25.7

1.8

17

Denmark

20.6

1.4

22

17

Sweden

23.4

1.6

4

18

Taipei, Chinese

20.2

1.4

18

18

Singapore

21.3

1.5

13

19

Sweden

20.0

1.4

2

19

India

19.9

1.4

16

20

Turkey

19.2

1.3

19

20

United Arab Emirates a

18.8

1.3

… 21

21

Australia

17.8

1.2

5

21

Denmark

18.3

1.3

22

India

17.6

1.2

26

22

Australia

17.7

1.2

-1

23

Ireland

16.6

1.2

8

23

Russian Fed.

17.4

1.2

30

24

Norway

15.0

1.0

8

24

Mexico

16.8

1.2

19

25

Israel

14.3

1.0

32

25

Malaysia

16.6

1.2

13

26

Malaysia

13.6

0.9

15

26

Brazil

15.9

1.1

19

27

Mexico

13.6

0.9

17

27

Switzerland

15.5

1.1

-1

28

Thailand

12.8

0.9

-12

28

Thailand

14.7

1.0

9

29

Greece a

10.2

0.7

…

29

Norway

14.5

1.0

-1

30

Egypt

9.7

0.7

4

30

Indonesia a

14.3

1.0

…

31

Russian Fed.

9.6

0.7

6

31

Israel

12.1

0.8

16

32

Poland

9.5

0.7

13

32

Saudi Arabia

10.9

0.8

16

33

Brazil

8.8

0.6

29

33

Argentina

8.6

0.6

3

34

Portugal

8.3

0.6

-3

34

Finland

8.2

0.6

5

35

Czech Rep.

7.1

0.5

5

35

Turkey

7.6

0.5

-10

36

Hungary

6.2

0.4

11

36

Poland

7.4

0.5

7

37

Finland

6.0

0.4

-7

37

Egypt

7.2

0.5

20

38

South Africa

4.9

0.3

1

38

Portugal

6.4

0.4

-4

39

Indonesia a

4.8

0.3

…

39

Philippines

6.1

0.4

-19

40

Saudi Arabia

4.8

0.3

-11

40

Czech Rep.

5.8

0.4

0

1320.0 1435.0

92.0 100.0

6

1315.0 1435.0

91.3 100.0

6

Total of above World

Total of above World

World trade in 2000 - Overview

Rank

Annual percentage change

a Secretariat estimate. Note: Figures for a number of countries and territories have been estimated by the Secretariat. Annual percentage changes and rankings are affected by continuity breaks in the series for a large number of economies, and by limitations in cross-country comparability. See the Technical Notes. For annual data 1999-00, see Appendix Tables A7 and A8.

23

Table I.8

Share of goods and commercial services in the total trade of selected regions and economies, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage, based on balance of payments data) Exports

Imports

Value

Share

World trade in 2000 - Overview

Total

World North America Canada United States Latin America Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Mexico Venezuela Western Europe Austria Belgium-Luxembourg Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Ireland Italy Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom Africa Egypt Morocco Nigeria South Africa Tunisia Asia Australia China Hong Kong, China a India Indonesia Japan Korea, Rep. of Malaysia New Zealand Philippines Singapore a Taipei, Chinese Thailand

Goods

Value

Commercial services

Share

Total

Goods

Commercial services

7730

81.4

18.6

7720

81.4

18.6

1369 318 1050

77.2 88.3 73.9

22.8 11.7 26.1

1708 286 1422

85.9 85.4 86.0

14.1 14.6 14.0

435 31 64 22 16 180 35

86.0 85.6 86.2 82.5 87.5 92.5 97.1

14.0 14.4 13.8 17.5 12.5 7.5 2.9

450 32 72 21 14 191 20

84.1 73.6 77.9 79.4 77.4 91.2 78.8

15.9 26.4 22.1 20.6 22.6 8.8 21.2

3055 95 204 71 52 377 630 16 90 295 258 75 33 168 107 121 50 383

78.8 68.3 79.5 71.1 88.4 78.5 87.3 35.1 81.5 80.8 79.8 80.0 74.9 68.5 81.4 78.2 61.9 73.9

21.2 31.7 20.5 28.9 11.6 21.5 12.7 64.9 18.5 19.2 20.2 20.0 25.1 31.5 18.6 21.8 38.1 26.1

2985 97 195 62 40 356 626 27 77 284 238 49 45 179 96 111 61 409

79.4 69.8 80.4 70.3 79.6 82.7 78.9 81.2 62.6 80.4 78.5 70.5 85.8 82.7 75.6 86.1 87.6 79.9

20.6 30.2 19.6 29.7 20.4 17.3 21.1 18.8 37.4 19.6 21.5 29.5 14.2 17.3 24.4 13.9 12.4 20.1

165 17 12 15 36 8

81.5 42.2 75.4 93.8 86.4 69.3

18.5 57.8 24.6 6.2 13.6 30.7

166 23 14 13 33 9

76.8 68.2 87.2 71.1 83.3 88.4

23.2 31.8 12.8 28.9 16.7 11.6

2112 82 279 245 61 67 528 205 112 18 41 166 168 81

85.7 78.3 89.2 82.8 71.4 92.8 87.1 85.8 87.9 76.1 90.0 83.9 87.9 84.1

14.3 21.7 10.8 17.2 28.6 7.2 12.9 14.2 12.1 23.9 10.0 16.1 12.1 15.9

1949 86 251 237 75 52 458 193 94 17 36 149 159 71

81.3 79.6 85.7 89.0 73.4 72.3 74.8 82.7 82.4 74.3 83.4 85.7 83.9 79.2

18.7 20.4 14.3 11.0 26.6 27.7 25.2 17.3 17.6 25.7 16.6 14.3 16.1 20.8

2780

79.2

20.8

2730

79.1

20.9

Memorandum item: European Union (15)

a Trade in goods includes significant re-exports or imports for re-exports. Note: Trade in goods is derived from balance of payments statistics and does not correspond to the merchandise trade statistics given elsewhere in this report. It is likely that for most economies trade in commercial services is understated. See the Technical Notes.

24

Table I.9

Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in total exports/imports

Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

1995

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

2931 2127 804 3171 2159 1013

100.0 67.5 32.5 100.0 65.4 34.6

100.0 73.1 26.9 100.0 71.7 28.3

100.0 72.6 27.4 100.0 68.1 31.9

8 9 6 8 9 8

7 9 1 10 11 8

17 20 10 21 15 36

2251 1392 859 2362 1396 966

100.0 64.9 35.1 100.0 63.0 37.0

100.0 63.1 36.9 100.0 63.8 36.2

100.0 61.8 38.2 100.0 59.1 40.9

4 4 5 4 4 5

0 1 -1 2 1 3

2 0 7 5 0 13

1224 686 539 1672 674 998

100.0 42.6 57.4 100.0 34.4 65.6

100.0 46.1 53.9 100.0 37.7 62.3

100.0 56.0 44.0 100.0 40.3 59.7

8 11 5 10 11 8

6 12 0 11 12 11

14 18 9 18 18 18

427 101 326 367 90 277

100.0 20.1 79.9 100.0 16.2 83.8

100.0 25.5 74.5 100.0 18.9 81.1

100.0 23.7 76.3 100.0 24.5 75.5

11 13 11 8 13 7

9 10 9 8 9 7

19 28 17 23 31 20

117 13 103 149 14 135

-

100.0 14.6 85.4 100.0 11.3 88.7

100.0 11.5 88.5 100.0 9.5 90.5

-

1 -7 2 -2 -4 -1

12 9 12 12 12 12

Total exports Intra-exports Extra-exports Total imports a Intra-imports Extra-imports

EU (15) Total exports Intra-exports Extra-exports Total imports Intra-imports Extra-imports

I I I I

World trade in 2000 - Overview

APEC (21)

NAFTA (3) Total exports Intra-exports Extra-exports Total imports b Intra-imports Extra-imports

ASEAN (10) Total exports Intra-exports Extra-exports Total imports Intra-imports Extra-imports

CEFTA (6) Total exports Intra-exports Extra-exports Total imports Intra-imports Extra-imports

MERCOSUR (4) Total exports Intra-exports Extra-exports Total imports Intra-imports Extra-imports

85 18 67 89 18 71

100.0 8.9 91.1 100.0 14.5 85.5

100.0 20.5 79.5 100.0 18.1 81.9

100.0 20.9 79.1 100.0 20.1 79.9

6 16 5 12 16 11

-9 -26 -3 -16 -25 -14

14 17 13 8 14 7

58 5 53 40 6 34

100.0 4.3 95.7 100.0 7.7 92.3

100.0 12.2 87.8 100.0 12.9 87.1

100.0 8.8 91.2 100.0 13.9 86.1

6 14 6 8 15 8

11 -28 17 -20 -20 -20

33 32 34 11 32 8

ANDEAN (5) Total exports Intra-exports Extra-exports Total imports c Intra-imports Extra-imports

a Imports of Canada, Mexico, Peru, and Australia are valued f.o.b. b Imports of Canada and Mexico are valued f.o.b. c Imports of Peru and Venezuela are valued f.o.b. Note: The figures are not fully adjusted for differences in the way members of the arrangements in this table record their merchandise trade.

25

II. Selected long-term trends Chart II.1

World merchandise trade and output by major product group, 1950-00 (Average annual percentage change in volume terms) Trade

Output

All merchandise 12 10 8 6 4 2

1950-63

1963-73

1973-90

1990-00

1973-90

1990-00

Agricultural products 12 10

Selected long-term trends

0

8 6 4 2 0 1950-63

1963-73

Mining products (including petroleum) 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1950-63

1963-73

1973-90

1990-00

1973-90

1990-00

Manufactures 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1950-63

1963-73

27

Chart II.2

World merchandise trade by major product group, 1950-00

Log. scale

Volume indices, 1950 = 100

10000

Selected long-term trends

Manufactures

1000

Mining products

Agricultural products

100 1950

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

Average Annual Change 12 Agricultural products

10

Mining products Manufactures

8

6

4

2

0 1950-73

28

1973-90

1990-00

2000

Table II.1

World merchandise exports, production and gross domestic product, 1950-00 (Index, 1990=100) Volume

Exports

Total a

Agricultural products

Exports

Mining products Manufactures

Total a

Agricultural products

World GDP

Production

Mining products Manufactures

Total

Agriculture

Mining Manufacturing

1950

2

7

2

1

9

26

18

5

18

37

29

13

19

1951

2

9

2

1

9

27

18

6

20

37

32

14

21

1952

2

7

3

1

10

27

22

6

21

38

32

15

21

1953

2

7

3

1

11

27

23

6

22

40

33

16

23 23

1954

3

8

3

2

11

27

25

7

22

40

33

16

1955

3

8

3

2

13

30

27

7

24

42

37

19

25

1956

3

8

4

2

13

31

29

8

25

44

39

20

26

1957

3

9

4

2

15

34

31

9

26

44

40

20

27

1958

3

8

4

2

14

35

29

9

26

47

39

20

27

1959

3

9

4

2

16

39

32

10

28

48

41

22

28

1960

4

10

4

3

18

41

39

11

30

49

45

24

30

1961

4

10

5

3

19

44

40

11

31

50

48

26

31

1962

4

10

5

3

20

44

42

12

34

52

51

28

33

1963

5

11

5

3

22

45

44

14

36

53

53

29

35

1964

5

11

6

4

25

48

48

16

39

55

57

32

37

1965

6

12

6

4

26

50

49

17

41

55

60

35

39

1966

6

12

7

5

29

52

52

19

44

57

63

38

41

1967

6

12

7

5

30

53

58

20

46

59

64

40

43

1968

7

13

8

6

33

56

65

23

49

61

69

43

45

1969

8

14

9

7

37

59

69

27

51

61

70

47

48

1970

9

15

10

8

41

61

77

29

54

63

76

49

50

1971

10

16

12

9

44

62

78

32

57

65

79

51

53

1972

12

20

13

11

47

66

83

35

59

65

81

55

56

1973

17

29

19

14

53

67

92

40

64

68

86

60

60

1974

25

35

44

19

56

64

90

43

66

69

88

62

61

1975

26

36

42

21

52

65

79

42

65

72

82

60

61

1976

29

40

49

23

58

70

85

47

69

73

89

65

65

1977

33

45

54

27

60

72

87

49

72

74

92

68

68

1978

39

51

56

32

63

77

92

52

75

77

93

71

70

1979

48

63

81

39

66

80

97

55

78

78

101

74

73

1980

59

71

115

45

68

86

91

58

78

78

99

75

73

1981

58

70

112

45

68

90

82

60

78

81

91

75

75

1982

54

65

100

43

66

88

77

59

77

84

85

74

76

1983

53

64

92

43

68

89

77

62

78

84

84

76

78

1984

57

67

91

47

73

91

80

69

83

88

87

81

82

1985

56

63

88

49

75

90

79

72

86

90

86

84

84

1986

62

70

67

59

78

89

86

75

88

92

89

87

87

1987

72

81

74

70

83

94

88

80

91

93

90

91

90

1988

82

92

75

82

89

96

93

87

95

94

95

96

94

1989

89

96

87

87

95

99

97

94

99

98

99

99

97

1990

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

1991

102

101

94

103

104

103

103

104

100

100

100

99

101

1992

108

108

93

112

109

109

107

109

100

103

100

99

102

1993

107

104

88

111

113

111

108

112

100

103

102

99

103

1994

121

119

91

128

124

120

114

126

103

106

104

102

105

1995

145

139

108

152

136

126

125

137

107

108

106

107

107

1996

152

143

127

159

143

131

132

146

111

113

109

110

110

1997

157

142

130

167

158

139

144

163

116

116

112

116

114

1998

155

136

104

170

166

139

151

172

118

117

114

119

117

1999

161

132

119

176

175

143

148

184

121

120

112

123

120

2000

181

135

169

194

196

154

149

210

127

122

116

130

125

Selected long-term trends

Value

a Includes unspecified products. Note: World merchandise production differs from world GDP in that it excludes services and construction. For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

29

Table II.2

World merchandise trade by region and selected economy, 1948, 1953, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) 1948

1953

1963

1973

1983

1993

2000

1835.0

3641.0

6186.0

Exports Value

World

58.0

84.0

157.0

579.0 Share

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

North America

World

27.3

24.2

19.3

16.9

15.4

16.8

17.1

Latin America

12.3

10.5

7.0

4.7

5.8

4.4

5.8

Mexico

1.0

0.7

0.6

0.4

1.4

1.4

2.7

Brazil

2.0

1.8

0.9

1.1

1.2

1.1

0.9

Argentina

2.8

1.3

0.9

0.6

0.4

0.4

0.4

31.5

34.9

41.4

45.4

38.9

43.7

39.5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS a

6.0

8.1

11.0

9.1

9.5

2.9

4.4

Africa

7.3

6.5

5.7

4.8

4.4

2.5

2.3

2.0

1.7

1.5

1.0

1.0

0.7

0.5

2.0

2.7

3.2

4.1

6.8

3.4

4.2

13.6

13.1

12.4

14.9

19.1

26.3

26.7

Japan

0.4

1.5

3.5

6.4

8.0

10.0

7.7

China

0.9

1.2

1.3

1.0

1.2

2.5

4.0

India

2.2

1.3

1.0

0.5

0.5

0.6

0.7

Australia and New Zealand

3.7

3.2

2.4

2.1

1.4

1.5

1.2

Six East Asian traders

3.0

2.7

2.4

3.4

5.8

9.7

10.5

60.4

68.7

72.8

81.8

76.0

86.9

90.7

1881.0

3752.0

6490.0

Selected long-term trends

Western Europe

South Africa b Middle East Asia

Memorandum item: GATT/WTO Members c

Imports Value

World

66.0

84.0

163.0

589.0

World

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

North America

19.8

19.7

15.5

16.7

17.8

19.8

23.2

Latin America

10.6

9.3

6.8

5.1

4.5

5.2

6.0

Mexico

0.8

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.7

1.8

2.8

Brazil

1.7

1.6

0.9

1.2

0.9

0.7

0.9

Argentina

2.4

0.9

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.4

0.4

40.4

39.4

45.4

47.4

40.0

42.9

39.6

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS a

5.8

7.6

10.3

8.9

8.4

2.9

3.7

Africa

7.6

7.0

5.5

4.0

4.6

2.6

2.1

2.2

1.5

1.1

0.9

0.8

0.5

0.5

1.7

2.0

2.3

2.8

6.3

3.2

2.6

14.2

15.1

14.2

15.1

18.5

23.4

22.8

Japan

1.0

2.9

4.1

6.5

6.7

6.4

5.8

China

1.1

1.7

0.9

0.9

1.1

2.8

3.5

India

3.1

1.4

1.5

0.5

0.7

0.6

0.8

Australia and New Zealand

2.6

2.4

2.3

1.6

1.4

1.5

1.3

Six East Asian traders

3.0

3.4

3.1

3.7

6.1

9.9

9.5

52.9

66.0

74.2

89.1

83.9

91.0

92.0

Share

Western Europe

South Africa b Middle East Asia

Memorandum item: GATT/WTO Members c

a Figures are significantly affected by: (i) changes in the country composition of the region and major adjustment in trade conversion factors between 1983 and 1993; and (ii) the inclusion of the Baltic States and the CIS mutual trade between 1993 and 2000. b Beginning with 1998, figures refer to South Africa only and no longer to the Southern African Customs Union. c Membership as of the year stated. Note: Between 1973 and 1983 and between 1993 and 2000 export and import shares were significantly influenced by oil price developments.

30

Table II.3

Merchandise trade of North America by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports 1963

1973

Imports a

1983

1993

2000

1963

1973

1983

1993

2000

23.2

93.6

335.3

743.4

1503.6

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Value World

30.5

99.4

282.6

610.3

1058.1

World

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Intra-North America

25.4

33.5

34.2

35.6

39.7

34.3

36.6

28.8

27.1

26.2

Inter-regional trade

64.0

62.4

62.2

64.2

60.3

65.7

63.4

69.9

71.3

73.8

Latin America

12.3

10.6

9.9

13.3

16.5

19.4

11.4

13.9

11.1

15.3

Mexico

2.7

3.1

3.3

6.9

10.7

2.5

2.6

5.3

5.9

9.9

Other Latin America

9.6

7.6

6.6

6.3

5.8

17.0

8.8

8.5

5.3

5.4

Western Europe

27.6

24.8

21.6

20.2

18.5

24.3

23.9

18.6

18.0

18.5

European Union (15)

24.6

22.8

19.7

18.0

16.8

22.0

22.1

17.0

16.4

16.8

Other Western Europe

3.0

2.1

1.9

2.2

1.6

2.3

1.8

1.7

1.6

1.7

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1.1

2.2

1.6

1.1

0.6

0.4

0.7

0.5

0.6

1.2

C./E. Europe

0.6

0.7

0.4

0.4

0.3

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.2

0.4

Russian Fed.

-

-

-

0.5

0.2

-

-

-

0.3

0.6

Africa

3.5

2.5

3.1

1.7

1.1

3.8

3.6

4.7

2.3

2.0

South Africa

1.1

0.8

0.8

0.4

0.3

1.2

0.5

0.7

0.3

0.3

Other Africa

2.4

1.7

2.3

1.3

0.8

2.6

3.1

4.0

2.0

1.7

1.9

2.4

4.5

2.9

1.9

1.8

2.1

2.4

2.3

2.8

Middle East Asia

17.6

19.9

21.5

25.0

21.7

15.9

21.7

29.8

37.1

33.7

Japan

6.6

10.1

8.9

8.9

6.7

7.0

11.4

14.1

16.0

10.8

China

0.3

1.0

1.2

1.6

1.8

0.0

0.1

0.8

4.9

7.4

Six East Asian traders

2.4

4.3

7.1

10.8

10.0

2.4

6.1

10.5

12.6

11.3

Other Asia

8.3

4.5

4.2

3.7

3.2

6.5

4.0

4.5

3.7

4.1

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

29.0

27.6

21.3

14.1

10.0

29.2

16.6

10.1

7.4

5.5

20.9

20.5

15.8

9.6

6.8

20.6

12.5

7.6

5.5

4.1

8.1

7.0

5.5

4.5

3.2

8.6

4.1

2.4

1.9

1.4

12.2

10.9

11.5

7.1

7.2

20.4

16.3

23.4

11.1

12.4

Ores and other minerals

4.4

4.0

2.5

1.3

0.9

5.4

2.2

1.5

0.9

0.6

Fuels

4.2

4.2

7.1

4.1

4.7

10.7

11.0

19.4

8.8

10.2

Non-ferrous metals

3.6

2.8

1.9

1.7

1.6

4.3

3.0

2.5

1.4

1.7

Manufactures

53.2

57.8

62.9

72.8

78.0

47.4

64.9

63.6

78.0

78.1

Iron and steel

2.3

1.8

1.1

1.0

0.9

3.7

3.9

2.5

1.8

1.6

Chemicals

7.2

6.6

8.5

8.7

9.2

4.1

3.9

4.6

5.5

6.4

Other semi-manufactures

7.2

6.1

5.8

6.3

6.8

10.4

8.3

6.7

6.9

6.7

29.1

37.1

40.1

46.2

49.6

17.4

36.1

36.3

45.2

46.5 1.5

Total merchandise Agricultural products Food Raw materials

Mining products

Machinery and transport equipment Power generating machinery

0.5

0.4

2.2

2.3

2.3

0.1

0.2

0.8

1.4

Other non-electrical machinery

11.4

8.9

7.7

7.8

8.1

6.1

6.2

5.2

6.4

6.0

Office and telecom equipment

3.5

5.1

8.7

12.0

16.4

2.5

6.1

8.8

14.5

16.6

Electrical machinery and apparatus

2.9

3.1

2.6

3.9

4.7

1.6

2.6

2.6

4.3

4.7

Automotive products

6.0

13.4

11.9

13.2

12.1

5.6

18.2

16.4

16.1

14.6

Other transport equipment

4.9

6.2

6.9

7.0

5.9

1.6

2.9

2.5

2.5

3.0

Textiles

1.7

1.4

1.0

1.1

1.2

4.1

2.5

1.4

1.6

1.3

Clothing

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.9

1.0

1.9

2.7

3.5

5.2

4.7

Other consumer goods

5.3

4.3

6.1

8.5

9.3

5.9

7.5

8.6

11.8

10.9

Selected long-term trends

Share

a Imports of Canada are valued f.o.b.

31

Table II.4

Merchandise trade of Western Europe by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports 1963

1973

Imports

1983

1993

2000

1963

1973

1983

1993

2000

73.4

277.4

752.3

1608.0

2566.9

Value World

63.7

258.9

714.8

1591.1

2441.3 Share

World

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Intra-Western Europe

64.1

69.2

65.2

68.6

67.7

56.1

64.3

61.8

68.2

64.6

European Union (15)

56.3

61.8

59.2

62.5

61.9

51.8

59.8

56.2

62.6

59.5

Other Western Europe

7.8

7.4

6.0

6.1

5.8

4.3

4.5

5.6

5.6

5.1

35.2

29.7

33.5

29.6

31.3

43.8

34.7

37.6

31.1

34.3

North America

8.8

8.6

8.4

8.0

10.8

13.9

9.6

8.9

8.2

8.9

Latin America

4.5

3.3

2.2

2.4

2.2

6.2

3.6

3.5

2.0

1.9

Selected long-term trends

Inter-regional trade

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

4.0

4.5

4.3

3.9

5.3

4.2

3.9

5.4

3.7

5.6

C./E. Europe

2.4

3.0

1.7

2.4

3.9

2.4

2.5

1.9

1.8

3.3

Russian Fed.

-

-

-

1.1

0.8

-

-

-

1.5

1.6

Africa North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa

5.2

6.1

3.1

2.4

7.6

5.7

6.6

3.2

3.0

1.8

3.1

1.5

1.2

2.5

2.0

3.4

1.6

1.5

5.2

3.4

3.0

1.6

1.2

5.1

3.7

3.2

1.6

1.5

South Africa

1.6

1.1

0.8

0.5

0.5

1.0

0.7

0.7

0.5

0.6

Other Sub-Saharan Africa

3.6

2.3

2.2

1.1

0.7

4.1

3.0

2.5

1.1

0.9

2.5

2.7

6.7

3.3

2.4

4.9

5.6

5.6

2.1

1.9 12.9

Middle East Asia

7.6

5.3

5.8

8.9

8.2

7.0

6.3

7.5

12.0

Japan

1.0

1.4

1.2

2.0

1.9

0.9

2.2

3.3

4.5

3.6

China

0.3

0.4

0.4

1.0

1.2

0.3

0.3

0.4

1.5

2.6

Australia and New Zealand

2.2

1.1

0.8

0.7

0.7

2.5

1.2

0.6

0.5

0.4

Six East Asian traders

1.5

1.3

1.8

3.8

3.0

1.2

1.5

2.3

4.0

4.4

Other Asia

2.7

1.1

1.5

1.5

1.4

2.2

1.0

1.0

1.5

1.9

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

18.3

15.5

13.0

11.9

9.4

32.8

22.7

15.5

13.1

10.1

12.4

11.7

10.5

10.2

8.0

22.1

16.4

11.8

10.7

8.1

5.8

3.8

2.5

1.7

1.4

10.6

6.3

3.7

2.4

2.0

8.5

7.6

13.0

6.6

7.1

18.6

17.7

26.3

10.8

11.1

Total merchandise Agricultural products Food Raw materials

Mining products Ores and other minerals

1.7

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

3.5

2.9

2.2

1.4

1.2

Fuels

4.3

3.6

9.6

4.2

4.6

11.5

11.2

21.7

7.5

7.8

Non-ferrous metals

2.5

2.8

2.4

1.7

1.8

3.6

3.6

2.4

1.9

2.1

71.8

75.8

71.7

77.8

80.3

46.6

58.9

56.0

72.5

75.7

Manufactures Iron and steel

6.8

6.4

4.4

3.3

2.7

4.7

4.8

2.9

2.6

2.5

Chemicals

8.6

10.2

11.7

12.4

13.1

6.0

7.9

9.0

10.1

10.5

Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Power generating machinery Other non-electrical machinery

9.3

10.1

9.6

9.5

9.0

6.4

8.5

7.3

8.6

8.1

32.8

34.0

31.7

36.5

41.1

19.8

24.7

23.9

33.6

39.3

0.5

0.4

1.4

1.6

1.8

0.2

0.3

1.0

1.3

1.6

12.1

11.6

9.8

10.2

9.3

7.6

7.6

5.6

6.6

6.9 13.1

Office and telecom equipment

3.2

4.0

4.3

6.4

10.6

2.4

4.0

5.4

9.1

Electrical machinery and apparatus

4.1

4.5

3.5

4.3

4.5

2.7

3.5

2.6

4.0

4.5

Automotive products

8.6

9.5

8.8

10.0

11.1

4.4

6.3

6.5

9.0

9.8

Other transport equipment Textiles

32

7.7 2.5

4.3

4.0

3.9

3.9

3.8

2.4

3.0

2.7

3.6

3.4

6.1

5.1

3.5

3.1

2.4

4.3

4.2

3.0

2.9

2.1

Clothing

1.9

2.4

2.3

2.9

2.3

1.4

2.6

2.7

4.4

3.6

Other consumer goods

6.4

7.6

8.5

10.0

9.5

4.0

6.1

7.1

10.3

9.6

Table II.5

Merchandise trade of Japan by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports 1963

1973

Imports

1983

1993

2000

1963

1973

1983

1993

2000

6.7

38.3

126.4

241.6

379.5

Value World

5.5

36.9

147.0

362.2

479.2

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

North America

World

30.2

28.7

32.0

31.1

31.6

35.6

29.5

23.1

26.5

21.4

Latin America

5.8

5.8

4.0

4.4

4.0

8.4

5.1

5.0

3.3

2.8

Western Europe

13.3

17.9

15.8

18.1

17.4

10.0

10.6

8.8

15.3

13.6

European Union (15)

11.6

15.2

14.5

16.6

16.4

8.9

9.3

7.4

13.6

12.3

Other Western Europe

1.7

2.7

1.4

1.4

1.0

1.1

1.3

1.4

1.7

1.3

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

3.3

2.2

2.4

0.6

0.5

2.7

3.2

1.4

1.4

1.5

C./E. Europe

0.4

0.9

0.5

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.4

0.2

0.2

0.2

Russian Fed.

-

-

-

0.4

0.1

-

-

-

1.1

1.2

Africa

6.3

4.1

3.6

2.0

1.0

3.9

4.5

2.6

1.6

1.3

South Africa

1.5

1.6

1.2

0.6

0.4

1.9

1.5

1.3

0.8

0.8

Other Africa

4.8

2.4

2.4

1.5

0.6

2.0

3.1

1.3

0.8

0.5

3.2

4.1

10.7

3.4

2.1

11.2

12.5

26.5

11.3

13.0

34.9

31.6

31.0

40.0

43.3

28.2

34.5

32.6

40.3

46.4

1.1

2.8

3.3

4.7

6.3

1.1

2.5

4.0

8.5

14.5

15.8

18.0

17.8

28.2

29.7

8.4

9.8

9.7

17.0

18.8

3.7

3.9

3.6

2.5

2.1

8.4

10.2

6.0

5.8

4.5

14.2

6.9

6.3

4.6

5.2

10.3

12.0

12.9

9.1

8.6

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

8.8

4.1

1.8

1.0

0.9

44.5

36.0

20.7

24.6

16.4

Food

5.9

2.4

1.0

0.6

0.5

20.8

18.9

13.6

17.3

12.8

Raw materials

3.0

1.7

0.7

0.5

0.5

23.7

17.1

7.2

7.2

3.6

1.2

1.2

1.5

1.4

1.6

32.9

37.7

55.9

26.8

25.9

Ores and other minerals

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.2

13.0

11.6

5.9

3.6

2.7

Fuels

0.3

0.2

0.3

0.5

0.3

18.0

21.8

46.7

20.4

20.4

Non-ferrous metals

0.8

0.8

1.0

0.7

1.0

1.9

4.4

3.2

2.7

2.8

Manufactures

90.0

93.7

95.7

95.5

93.8

22.6

25.8

21.4

46.2

56.0

Iron and steel

12.9

14.4

8.7

4.0

3.1

1.3

0.6

1.1

1.7

1.0

5.8

5.8

4.7

5.6

7.3

5.5

4.9

5.6

7.3

6.9

Other semi-manufactures

11.7

7.0

6.3

4.4

4.2

1.2

3.9

2.1

4.9

4.0

Machinery and transport equipment

28.4

51.7

63.8

71.8

68.8

12.0

8.3

7.0

16.9

27.9

Power generating machinery

0.2

0.5

1.3

1.3

1.3

0.9

0.3

0.6

0.8

1.2

Other non-electrical machinery

5.6

8.1

10.3

12.4

12.7

5.4

2.8

1.6

2.7

2.9

Office and telecom equipment

6.8

12.7

18.4

23.3

22.6

2.1

2.1

1.9

6.8

16.0

Electrical machinery and apparatus

3.7

4.3

5.1

6.4

8.3

1.3

1.3

0.9

2.1

3.9

Automotive products

3.4

12.0

20.9

22.1

18.4

0.5

0.6

0.5

2.7

2.6

Other transport equipment

8.7

14.1

7.7

6.2

5.5

1.9

1.2

1.6

1.8

1.3

Textiles

16.8

6.6

3.6

1.9

1.5

0.6

3.0

1.2

1.6

1.3

Clothing

3.9

1.0

0.4

0.2

0.1

0.1

1.5

1.2

5.2

5.2

10.5

7.1

8.1

7.7

8.9

1.8

3.7

3.3

8.5

9.7

Middle East Asia China a Six East Asian traders Australia and New Zealand Other Asia

Total merchandise Agricultural products

Mining products

Chemicals

Other consumer goods

Selected long-term trends

Share

a Excludes significant shipments recorded as exports to Hong Kong, China with China as final destination.

33

Table II.6

Merchandise exports of selected regions and economies to the least-developed countries, 1980, 1990, 1999 and 2000 (Million dollars and percentage) Share in exports to LDCs

Value

Share in total exports

1980

1990

1999

2000

1980

1990

2000

1980

1990

2000

2147

2142

2788

2550

100.0

100.0

100.0

0.7

0.4

0.2

919

804

930

944

42.8

37.5

37.0

1.4

1.0

0.9

North America Total merchandise Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures

76

36

28

45

3.5

1.7

1.8

0.2

0.1

0.1

1120

1161

1667

1402

52.2

54.2

55.0

0.6

0.3

0.2

10544

11322

9996

9295

100.0

100.0

100.0

1.3

0.7

0.4

1754

2217

2387

2034

16.6

19.6

21.9

1.7

1.2

0.9

Western Europe Total merchandise Agricultural products Mining products

Selected long-term trends

Manufactures

510

331

333

491

4.8

2.9

5.3

0.5

0.3

0.3

8150

8624

7044

6596

77.3

76.2

71.0

1.4

0.7

0.3

281

403

422

447

100.0

100.0

100.0

1.0

0.8

0.6

178

221

205

222

63.4

54.8

49.6

1.3

1.3

0.9

3

45

38

41

1.2

11.2

9.2

0.0

0.3

0.2

93

97

156

158

33.1

24.1

35.3

2.1

1.1

0.8

Australia and New Zealand Total merchandise Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures

China Total merchandise

465

725

2568

3283

100.0

100.0

100.0

2.6

1.2

1.3

Agricultural products

…

149

169

183

…

20.6

5.6

…

1.5

1.1

Mining products

…

21

35

54

…

2.9

1.6

…

0.3

0.4

Manufactures

…

554

2340

3028

…

76.5

92.2

…

1.2

1.4

1793

1744

1536

1491

100.0

100.0

100.0

1.4

0.6

0.3

153

35

32

43

8.5

2.0

2.9

5.2

1.1

1.0

Japan Total merchandise Agricultural products Mining products

25

5

17

12

1.4

0.3

0.8

1.0

0.1

0.2

1602

1697

1463

1403

89.3

97.3

94.1

1.3

0.6

0.3

1390

2912

6912

7810

100.0

100.0

100.0

1.5

1.1

1.2

Agricultural products

333

690

1134

1252

24.0

23.7

16.0

2.0

2.6

3.6

Mining products

179

534

1074

1353

12.9

18.3

17.3

1.5

2.7

3.4

Manufactures

877

1665

4668

5174

63.1

57.2

66.2

1.5

0.8

0.9

Manufactures

Six East Asian traders Total merchandise

Total of above Total merchandise

34

16621

19248

24222

24876

100.0

100.0

100.0

1.2

0.7

0.5

Agricultural products

…

4116

4857

4678

…

21.4

18.8

…

1.3

1.1

Mining products

…

972

1525

1995

…

5.1

8.0

…

0.5

0.6

Manufactures

…

13799

17338

17761

…

71.7

71.4

…

0.6

0.4

Table II.7

Merchandise imports of selected regions and economies from the least-developed countries, 1980, 1990, 1999 and 2000 (Million dollars and percentage) Share in imports from LDCs

Value

Share in total imports

1980

1990

1999

2000

1980

1990

2000

1980

1990

2000

2635

4818

7220

9365

100.0

100.0

100.0

0.8

0.8

0.6

North America Total merchandise Agricultural products

874

401

489

499

33.2

8.3

5.3

2.6

0.8

0.6

1321

3153

3002

4283

50.1

65.4

45.7

1.2

3.3

2.3

427

1183

3699

4530

16.2

24.6

48.4

0.3

0.2

0.4

8825

11504

10117

11979

100.0

100.0

100.0

1.0

0.7

0.5

Agricultural products

3264

2946

2773

2840

37.0

25.6

23.7

2.3

1.3

1.1

Mining products

3282

4721

1323

2173

37.2

41.0

18.1

1.3

2.1

0.8

Manufactures

1567

3660

5925

6890

17.8

31.8

57.5

0.3

0.3

0.4

Mining products Manufactures

Total merchandise

Australia and New Zealand Total merchandise

92

86

174

163

100.0

100.0

100.0

0.3

0.2

0.2

Agricultural products

43

26

38

37

46.9

30.2

22.8

1.9

0.7

0.7

Mining products

11

30

57

49

12.2

34.9

30.3

0.2

0.8

0.7

Manufactures

37

27

78

77

40.4

31.4

46.9

0.2

0.1

0.1

Selected long-term trends

Western Europe

China Total merchandise

262

314

1396

4007

100.0

100.0

100.0

1.3

0.6

1.8

Agricultural products

…

170

202

274

…

54.0

6.8

…

2.2

1.4

Mining products

…

47

1112

3650

…

14.9

91.1

…

1.6

10.8

Manufactures

…

98

82

83

…

31.1

2.1

…

0.2

0.0

1371

1264

1023

1238

100.0

100.0

100.0

1.0

0.5

0.3

Agricultural products

410

548

662

588

29.9

43.4

47.5

1.4

1.1

0.9

Mining products

608

651

238

448

44.3

51.5

36.2

0.7

0.8

0.5

Manufactures

124

55

119

200

9.0

4.4

16.2

0.5

0.1

0.1

558

1510

3895

4873

100.0

100.0

100.0

0.5

0.5

0.8

Agricultural products

345

662

876

1082

61.8

43.9

22.2

2.1

2.2

2.4

Mining products

112

381

2598

3325

20.1

25.3

68.2

0.4

0.9

3.4

97

461

405

455

17.4

30.5

9.3

0.2

0.2

0.1

Japan Total merchandise

Six East Asian traders Total merchandise

Manufactures

Total of above Total merchandise

13743

19496

23825

31625

100.0

100.0

100.0

0.9

0.7

0.6

Agricultural products

…

4753

5040

5321

…

24.4

16.8

…

1.3

1.1

Mining products

…

8983

8330

13928

…

46.1

44.0

…

2.0

2.0

Manufactures

…

5484

10308

12234

…

28.1

38.7

…

0.3

0.3

35

III. Trade by region 1. Overview Chart III.1

Value of world merchandise trade by region, 1993-00 (Annual percentage change in value)

Imports

Exports North America

1994

1995

1996

1997

Latin America

1998

1999

2000

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25

1994

1995

1996

Western Europe 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25

1994

1995

1996

1997

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

1994

1995

1996

1994

1995

1996

1997

1999

2000

1998

1997

1998

1999

2000

Middle East

1999

2000

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25

46

1994

1995

1996

Asia 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25

1998

Africa 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25

1997

Trade by region

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25

1997

1998

1999

2000

1998

1999

2000

World

1998

1999

2000

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25

1994

1995

1996

1997

37

Chart III.2

The volume of world merchandise trade by selected region, 1993-00 (Annual percentage change)

Exports

Imports

North America

Latin America

30

30

25

25

20

20

15

15

10

10

5

5

0

0

-5

-5

-10

-10

-15

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

-15

1994

1995

30

25

25

20

20

15

15

10

10

5

5

0

0

-5

-5

-10

-10

Trade by region

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

-15

1994

1995

1996

Asia 30

25

25

20

20

15

15

10

10

5

5

0

0

-5

-5

-10

-10 1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

1997

1998

1999

2000

1998

1999

2000

World

30

-15

38

1994

1997

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Western Europe 30

-15

1996

1998

1999

2000

-15

1994

1995

1996

1997

Table III.1

World merchandise exports by region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

World

6186

100.0

100.0

6

-1

4

12

North America

1058

15.4

17.1

7

-1

5

12

United States

781

11.6

12.6

7

-1

3

11

Latin America

359

4.3

5.8

9

-1

7

20

166

1.2

2.7

15

6

16

22

2441

48.3

39.5

4

4

0

3

2251

44.5

36.4

4

4

0

2

271

3.1

4.4

7

-4

0

26

Central and Eastern Europe

116

1.4

1.9

8

9

1

14

Russian Fed.

105

-

1.7

-

-15

1

39

145

3.1

2.3

3

-16

10

27

30

0.7

0.5

3

-9

1

12

263

4.0

4.2

7

-21

28

46

1649

21.8

26.7

8

-6

7

18

479

8.5

7.7

5

-8

8

14

Mexico Western Europe European Union (15) C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Africa South Africa Middle East Asia Japan China

249

1.8

4.0

15

0

6

28

Six East Asian traders

649

7.9

10.5

9

-7

8

19

1224

16.6

19.8

8

0

6

14

85

1.4

1.4

6

-2

-9

14

427

4.3

6.9

11

-7

9

19

NAFTA (3) MERCOSUR (4) ASEAN (10)

Trade by region

Memorandum item:

Table III.2

World merchandise imports by region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

World

Share

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

6490

100.0

100.0

6

-1

4

13

North America

1504

18.4

23.2

9

5

11

17

United States

1258

14.8

19.4

9

5

12

19

388

3.7

6.0

12

5

-3

16

183

1.2

2.8

15

14

14

23

2567

48.7

39.6

4

6

1

5

2362

44.7

36.4

4

6

2

5

Latin America Mexico Western Europe European Union (15) C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

242

3.3

3.7

5

-1

-12

13

Central and Eastern Europe

146

1.4

2.3

10

11

-1

13

46

-

0.7

-

-19

-32

12

137

2.7

2.1

4

1

-3

7

30

0.5

0.5

5

-9

-9

11

Russian Fed. Africa South Africa Middle East

171

2.8

2.6

6

-1

1

14

1481

20.3

22.8

8

-18

10

23

Japan

380

6.7

5.8

5

-17

11

22

China

225

1.5

3.5

15

-1

18

36

Six East Asian traders

615

8.0

9.5

8

-25

11

27

1685

19.6

26.0

9

5

11

18

89

0.8

1.4

12

-4

-16

8

367

4.7

5.7

8

-25

8

23

Asia

Memorandum item: NAFTA (3) MERCOSUR (4) ASEAN (10)

39

Table III.3

Intra- and inter-regional merchandise trade, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Destination

Origin

North America

Latin America

Western Europe

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Middle East

Africa

Asia

World

Value North America

421

174

195

6

12

20

229

1058

Latin America

220

62

45

3

3

3

21

359

Western Europe

263

55

1654

129

59

60

199

2441

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

12

6

147

72

3

7

20

271

Africa

26

4

72

1

11

2

25

145

Middle East

41

3

48

2

10

17

126

263

423

41

278

15

22

42

807

1649

1406

346

2438

229

120

150

1427

6186

Asia World

Share of intra- and inter-regional trade flows in each region’s total merchandise exports North America

39.8

16.5

18.5

0.6

1.1

1.9

21.6

100.0

Latin America

61.3

17.3

12.5

0.8

0.8

0.8

5.8

100.0

Western Europe

10.8

2.3

67.8

5.3

2.4

2.5

8.2

100.0

4.4

2.2

54.2

26.6

1.1

2.6

7.4

100.0

Africa

17.9

2.8

49.7

0.7

7.6

1.4

17.2

100.0

Middle East

15.6

1.1

18.3

0.8

3.8

6.5

47.9

100.0

Asia

25.7

2.5

16.9

0.9

1.3

2.5

48.9

100.0

World

22.7

5.6

39.4

3.7

1.9

2.4

23.1

100.0

Trade by region

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Share of intra- and inter-regional trade flows in world merchandise exports North America

6.8

2.8

3.2

0.1

0.2

0.3

3.7

17.1

Latin America

3.6

1.0

0.7

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.3

5.8

Western Europe

4.3

0.9

26.7

2.1

1.0

1.0

3.2

39.5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

0.2

0.1

2.4

1.2

0.0

0.1

0.3

4.4

Africa

0.4

0.1

1.2

0.0

0.2

0.0

0.4

2.3

Middle East

0.7

0.0

0.8

0.0

0.2

0.3

2.0

4.3

Asia

6.8

0.7

4.5

0.2

0.4

0.7

13.0

26.7

22.7

5.6

39.4

3.7

1.9

2.4

23.1

100.0

World

40

Chart III.3

World trade in commercial services by selected region, 1993-00 (Annual percentage change in value)

Exports

Imports

North America

Latin America

25

25

20

20

15

15

10

10

5

5

0

0

-5

-5

-10

-10 1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

-15

1993

1994

1995

25

20

20

15

15

10

10

5

5

0

0

-5

-5

-10

-10 1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

-15

1993

1994

1995

25

20

20

15

15

10

10

5

5

0

0

-5

-5

-10

-10 1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

1998

1999

2000

World

Asia 25

-15

1997

Africa

Western Europe 25

-15

1996

1998

1999

2000

-15

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

Trade by region

-15

41

Table III.4

World exports of commercial services by selected region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

2000

World

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

100.0

100.0

6

1

2

6

312

19.3

21.7

8

2

5

10

275

17.0

19.1

8

2

4

10

Latin America

61

3.8

4.2

7

8

0

12

Mexico

14

0.9

0.9

7

6

-3

17

Brazil

9

0.5

0.6

9

29

-3

29

646

53.0

45.0

5

7

0

0

577

47.1

40.2

5

7

1

0

100

6.8

7.0

7

8

3

-3

France

81

8.5

5.7

2

5

-3

0

Germany

80

6.6

5.6

4

2

0

1

Italy

57

6.2

4.0

2

0

-9

-6

31

2.4

2.1

5

-1

10

1

10

0.6

0.7

7

-14

18

4

5

0.4

0.3

4

-1

-4

1

United States

Western Europe European Union (15) United Kingdom

Africa Egypt South Africa Asia

Trade by region

2000

1435

North America

303

16.8

21.1

9

-13

4

12

Japan

68

5.3

4.8

5

-9

-2

13

Hong Kong, China

42

2.3

2.9

9

-6

2

13

China

30

0.7

2.1

18

-3

10

15

Korea, Rep. of

29

1.2

2.0

12

-2

4

13

Singapore

27

1.6

1.9

8

-37

25

13

Taipei, Chinese

20

0.9

1.4

11

-2

3

18

Table III.5

World imports of commercial services by selected region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

2000

World

1990

Annual percentage change 2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

2

2

6

1435

100.0

100.0

6

241

15.3

16.8

7

8

4

13

199

12.0

13.8

7

10

4

13

Latin America

72

4.2

5.0

8

4

-5

13

Mexico

17

1.2

1.2

5

7

11

19

Brazil

16

0.8

1.1

9

9

-15

19

615

47.9

42.8

5

9

1

1

571

42.7

39.7

5

9

1

1

132

9.7

9.2

5

4

3

0

United Kingdom

82

5.5

5.7

6

11

6

-1

France

62

6.2

4.3

2

6

-6

-2

Italy

56

5.7

3.9

2

7

-9

-3

North America United States

Western Europe European Union (15) Germany

Africa

39

3.3

2.7

4

0

-3

9

Egypt

7

0.4

0.5

8

1

1

20

South Africa

5

0.5

0.4

3

-7

1

0 8

Asia

42

1990

Annual percentage change

365

21.8

25.4

7

-11

6

Japan

116

10.3

8.1

3

-9

3

1

China

36

0.5

2.5

24

-5

17

16

Korea, Rep. of

33

1.2

2.3

13

-17

11

25

Hong Kong, China

26

1.3

1.8

9

1

8

3

Taipei, Chinese

26

1.7

1.8

6

-4

0

10

Singapore

21

1.0

1.5

9

-9

8

13

Table III.6

Commercial services exports of selected economies by selected partners, 1999 (Percentage)

World United States

World

United States

EU (15)

Japan

Other economies

100

13

100

-

18

8

60

33

12

55

European Union (15)

100

35

-

6

58

Japan

100

31

18

-

50

Other economies

100

8

20

9

64

Note: Excluding intra-EU trade.

Table III.7

Commercial services imports of selected economies by selected partners, 1999 (Percentage)

World United States

World

United States

EU (15)

Japan

Other economies

100

19

19

4

57

100

-

36

9

55

European Union (15)

100

39

-

3

58

Japan

100

33

18

-

49

Other

100

15

22

5

59

Trade by region

Note: Excluding intra-EU trade.

Chart III.4

Distribution of trade in commercial services of selected economies, 1999 (Billion dollars)

European Union (15)

Japan

United States

Other Imports

Exports 300

300

250

250

200

200

150

150

100

100

50

50 0

0 United States

European Union (15)

Japan

United States

European Union (15)

Japan

Note: Excluding intra-EU trade

43

2. North America Table III.8

Table III.9

Merchandise trade of North America, 2000

Merchandise trade of North America by region and by major product group, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage) Exports

Imports

Value

1058

1504

Share in world merchandise trade

17.1

23.2

Total

Value

Share

Exports Imports

Exports Imports

1058

1504

100.0

100.0

Annual percentage change Region

Value 6

North America

421

394

39.7

26.2

11

8

Latin America

174

229

16.5

15.3

1990-00

7

9

Western Europe

195

279

18.5

18.5

1998

-1

5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

6

18

0.6

1.2

1999

5

11

12

31

1.1

2.0

2000

12

17

1980-85

1

1985-90

Africa Middle East Asia

Volume 1980-85

-0.5

7.0

1985-90

8.5

5.0

1990-00

7.0

8.5

1998

3.5

10.5

Mining products

1999

6.0

11.5

Manufactures

2000

10.0

11.5

20

42

1.9

2.8

229

506

21.7

33.7

106

82

10.0

5.5

76

187

7.2

12.4

825

1174

78.0

78.1

Product group

Trade by region

Agricultural products

Chart III.5

Chart III.6

Merchandise trade of North America, 1990-00

Share of North America in world merchandise trade, 1990-00

(Billion dollars)

(Percentage based on value data)

1600

24

1400

22

1200

Imports 20

1000 Imports

18

800 Exports

16 Exports

600 14 400

12

200

0

10 90

44

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

Table III.10

Merchandise exports of North America by product, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in exports of North America

Value 2000

Total merchandise exports Agricultural products

1990

Share in world exports

2000

1990

Annual percentage change

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

1058.1

100.0

100.0

15.4

17.1

7

-1

5

12 6

105.8

15.7

10.0

19.7

19.0

3

-9

-2

Food

71.7

10.2

6.8

16.9

16.2

3

-8

-3

3

Raw materials

34.1

5.4

3.2

28.7

29.4

2

-13

1

12

Mining products

76.0

9.1

7.2

9.8

9.4

5

-15

2

42

9.9

2.2

0.9

22.2

16.0

-2

-16

-6

15

Fuels

49.7

4.8

4.7

7.0

7.9

7

-20

10

63

Non-ferrous metals

16.4

2.1

1.6

14.7

13.7

4

-6

-6

15

Manufactures

824.9

69.7

78.0

15.2

17.8

9

2

6

11

Iron and steel

9.5

1.1

0.9

5.2

6.6

6

-1

-8

13

Chemicals

97.0

8.8

9.2

15.6

16.9

8

-2

5

13

Other semi-manufactures

72.0

6.1

6.8

12.1

16.0

8

2

7

11 10

Ores and other minerals

Machinery and transport equipment

524.4

44.0

49.6

18.9

20.4

9

2

7

Automotive products

128.4

11.7

12.1

19.1

22.5

8

1

13

3

Office and telecom equipment

173.9

11.0

16.4

19.2

18.5

12

-4

11

23

Other machinery and transport equipment

21.4

21.0

18.7

21.1

7

7

0

6

13.1

1.1

1.2

5.5

8.3

9

1

4

13

Clothing

10.7

0.6

1.0

2.7

5.4

14

4

-3

5

Other consumer goods

98.2

8.0

9.3

13.9

18.1

9

3

6

16

Trade by region

222.1

Textiles

Table III.11

Merchandise imports of North America by product, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in imports of North America

Value

Total merchandise imports Agricultural products

Share in world imports

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1503.6

100.0

100.0

18.7

23.2

Annual percentage change 1990-00

1998

1999

2000

9

5

11

17 2

82.3

7.7

5.5

11.1

13.6

5

1

5

Food

61.6

5.9

4.1

11.0

12.8

5

3

5

2

Raw materials

20.7

1.9

1.4

11.2

16.5

6

-4

6

1

186.9

15.0

12.4

18.9

21.7

7

-18

19

62

8.4

1.2

0.6

13.2

12.0

1

-3

-6

2

152.9

12.0

10.2

20.3

22.9

7

-24

25

76

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels

25.6

1.8

1.7

16.0

20.7

8

5

6

27

Manufactures

Non-ferrous metals

1174.4

73.9

78.1

19.2

24.3

10

8

11

14

Iron and steel

23.8

2.0

1.6

11.5

15.2

6

18

-19

15

Chemicals

96.4

5.0

6.4

10.3

16.1

12

8

12

16

Other semi-manufactures

101.4

7.0

6.7

16.1

21.2

9

10

11

10

Machinery and transport equipment

698.4

43.0

46.5

22.3

26.4

10

7

12

15

Automotive products

219.9

16.4

14.6

32.4

37.4

8

6

18

9

Office and telecom equipment

250.1

11.6

16.6

24.6

25.8

13

3

13

23

Other machinery and transport equipment

13

228.5

15.0

15.2

15.8

21.0

9

11

7

Textiles

19.9

1.4

1.3

8.4

11.9

8

7

5

8

Clothing

70.4

4.6

4.7

26.2

33.5

9

11

5

13

164.1

10.9

10.9

22.5

28.5

9

9

11

11

Other consumer goods

45

Table III.12

Merchandise exports of North America by destination, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

2000

World Intra-North America Asia Japan

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

1058.1

100.0

100.0

7

-1

5

12

420.6

34.2

39.7

9

3

11

13

229.1

25.5

21.7

6

-15

4

15

70.9

10.7

6.7

2

-13

0

11

Korea, Rep. of

29.3

3.0

2.8

6

-35

37

21

China

18.7

1.2

1.8

12

10

-6

24

Hong Kong, China

15.5

1.4

1.5

8

-16

-3

16

Western Europe

195.3

24.0

18.5

5

5

4

7

178.0

21.9

16.8

5

6

4

6

Latin America

174.1

10.7

16.5

12

6

0

19

Mexico

112.7

5.5

10.7

15

11

10

28

European Union (15)

Brazil

16.0

1.1

1.5

11

-6

-13

15

Middle East

20.4

2.4

1.9

5

9

-9

-9

Africa

12.0

1.7

1.1

3

-3

-12

8

6.4

1.0

0.6

2

-4

-24

4

637.2

65.3

60.2

6

-3

1

12

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Inter-regional trade

Trade by region

1990

Annual percentage change

Table III.13

Merchandise imports of North America by origin, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value 2000

World Asia

1990

100.0

Annual percentage change 2000

100.0

1990-00

9

1998

1999

2000

5

11

17 15

506.0

34.8

33.7

9

5

10

Japan

163.1

16.1

10.8

5

1

8

12

China

111.3

2.8

7.4

20

15

17

18

Taipei, Chinese

45.2

4.0

3.0

6

2

8

13

Korea, Rep. of

45.1

3.3

3.0

8

5

29

29

Singapore

20.7

1.7

1.4

7

-8

0

7

Hong Kong, China

12.8

1.7

0.9

2

2

1

8

394.5

26.6

26.2

9

4

10

13

278.6

20.5

18.5

8

10

11

14

253.0

18.6

16.8

8

11

11

13

Latin America

229.4

11.2

15.3

12

4

15

25

Intra-North America Western Europe European Union (15)

Mexico

148.5

5.1

9.9

16

10

16

26

Brazil

15.3

1.5

1.0

5

4

11

20

Middle East

42.1

3.3

2.8

5

-7

31

52

Africa

30.5

2.8

2.0

5

-18

5

57

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

17.9

0.4

1.2

20

27

5

35

1104.6

73.1

73.5

9

6

12

19

Inter-regional trade

46

1503.6

Share

Table III.14

Gross domestic product and trade in goods and services of Canada and the United States, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Annual percentage change in volume

2000

1990-00

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

10585

3.2

2.7

3.4

4.4

4.2

4.1

4.2

689

2.7

2.8

1.5

4.4

3.3

4.5

4.7

9896

3.2

2.7

3.6

4.4

4.3

4.1

4.1

1420

7.3

10.0

7.7

11.6

3.6

4.3

9.1

Gross domestic product North America Canada United States

Exports of goods and services North America Canada United States

323

8.6

9.0

5.9

8.8

8.9

10.0

9.6

1097

6.9

10.3

8.2

12.3

2.3

2.9

9.0

1755

9.0

7.8

8.1

14.0

10.7

10.4

13.2

287

7.9

6.2

5.8

15.1

6.1

9.4

12.0

1468

9.3

8.2

8.6

13.7

11.9

10.7

13.5

Imports of goods and services North America Canada

Trade by region

United States

Table III.15

Merchandise exports and imports of Canada and the United States, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Annual percentage change Value

Value

Volume

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

1058

7

-1

5

12

7.0

3.5

6.0

10.0

Canada

277

8

0

11

16

9.0

8.0

10.5

11.0

United States

781

7

-1

3

11

6.5

2.5

4.5

9.5

1504

9

5

11

17

8.5

10.5

11.5

11.5

Exports North America

Imports North America Canada United States

245

7

3

7

11

9.0

4.5

11.0

13.0

1258

9

5

12

19

8.5

11.5

11.5

11.5

47

Table III.16

Merchandise trade of Canada by region and economy, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports Destination Value

Imports a Annual percentage change

Share

Origin Value

2000

1990

2000

1999

2000

276.64

100.0

100.0

11

16

Region World North America

World

241.63

75.1

87.3

13

18

North America

14.73

10.9

5.3

-1

14

Asia

2000

1990

2000

1999

2000

240.09

100.0

100.0

7

11

Western Europe

154.52

64.6

64.4

5

7

34.74

14.4

14.5

9

18

13.86

9.8

5.0

17

-4

Western Europe

29.07

14.5

12.1

13

17

Latin America

4.22

1.8

1.5

-12

10

Latin America

12.43

3.4

5.2

14

24

Middle East

1.20

0.7

0.4

16

15

Africa

1.86

0.8

0.8

1

35

Africa C./E. Europe/

1.05

0.8

0.4

-24

-3

Middle East C./E. Europe/

1.71

0.7

0.7

10

110

0.43

0.8

0.2

-29

4

1.22

0.4

0.5

-9

29

Economy United States European Union (15)

Trade by region

Share

Region

Asia

Baltic States/CIS

Baltic States/CIS

Economy 241.59

75.0

87.3

13

18

United States

154.50

64.6

64.4

5

7

12.72

8.5

4.6

22

-5

European Union (15)

24.83

12.7

10.3

15

13

Japan

6.06

5.5

2.2

-3

7

Japan

11.18

7.0

4.7

7

10

China

2.50

1.1

0.9

6

40

Mexico

8.14

1.3

3.4

24

27

Korea, Rep. of

1.50

1.1

0.5

9

13

China

7.59

1.0

3.2

16

26

Above 5

264.38

91.3

95.6

13

16

Above 5

206.24

86.6

85.9

7

9

Mexico

1.37

0.4

0.5

12

25

3.47

1.7

1.4

8

44

Korea, Rep. of

Hong Kong, China

0.88

0.5

0.3

-19

20

Taipei, Chinese

3.35

1.6

1.4

14

8

Australia

0.80

0.6

0.3

-1

23

Norway

2.94

1.2

1.2

1

71

Taipei, Chinese

0.77

0.5

0.3

-3

0

Malaysia

1.67

0.3

0.7

3

21

Brazil

0.72

0.3

0.3

-25

3

Thailand

1.13

0.3

0.5

18

11

Norway

0.51

0.4

0.2

-14

3

Australia

1.04

0.6

0.4

-5

28

Indonesia

0.48

0.2

0.2

0

29

Brazil

1.01

0.6

0.4

-2

10

Iran, Islamic Rep. of

0.44

0.2

0.2

104

21

Hong Kong, China

0.98

0.8

0.4

4

11

Venezuela

0.43

0.2

0.2

-26

21

Venezuela

0.95

0.4

0.4

20

39

Switzerland

0.34

0.7

0.1

-48

5

Switzerland

0.95

0.5

0.4

12

11

Algeria

0.33

0.2

0.1

-12

3

Philippines

0.95

0.1

0.4

9

34

India

0.33

0.2

0.1

7

18

Singapore

0.94

0.4

0.4

6

12

Chile

0.30

0.1

0.1

7

23

Algeria

0.84

0.0

0.3

18

91

Malaysia

0.27

0.2

0.1

-9

-3

India

0.83

0.2

0.3

13

21

Philippines

0.26

0.1

0.1

14

32

Saudi Arabia

0.62

0.5

0.3

9

113

Thailand

0.25

0.3

0.1

0

23

Singapore

0.25

0.3

0.1

-13

0

Indonesia

0.60

0.1

0.2

-6

3

Iraq

0.46

0.1

0.2

100

319

Cuba

0.22

0.1

0.1

-16

-17

Russian Fed.

0.45

…

0.2

-17

10

Saudi Arabia

0.22

0.2

0.1

-7

9

Israel

0.40

0.1

0.2

6

35

Israel

0.21

0.1

0.1

28

5

Chile

0.37

0.1

0.2

17

32

Colombia

0.21

0.1

0.1

-46

19

New Zealand

0.35

0.2

0.1

-3

40

Turkey

0.18

0.1

0.1

-5

21

South Africa

0.34

0.1

0.1

8

-19

South Africa

0.16

0.1

0.1

-23

-7

Nigeria

0.31

0.4

0.1

0

54

Argentina

0.16

0.0

0.1

-39

13

Cuba

0.28

0.1

0.1

-8

33

Morocco

0.16

0.2

0.1

-8

35

Argentina

0.24

0.1

0.1

17

17

Above 30

274.63

97.8

99.3

-

-

231.70

97.0

96.5

-

-

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

48

Annual percentage change

Above 30

Table III.17

Merchandise trade of the United States by region and economy, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports

Imports

Destination Value 2000

Annual percentage change

Share 1990

2000

1999

Origin Value

2000

Region

Share

2000

1990

2000

1999

2000

1257.6

100.0

100.0

12

19

Region 781.8

100.0

100.0

2

13

Asia

214.6

30.3

27.4

3

17

Western Europe

181.4

28.7

23.2

2

9

World Asia

469.3

39.5

37.3

11

15

Western Europe

248.5

21.9

19.8

11

13

North America

179.4

21.2

22.9

6

9

North America

238.4

18.1

19.0

13

18

Latin America

170.0

13.7

21.7

0

20

Latin America

216.0

13.0

17.2

15

25

Middle East

19.2

2.9

2.5

-11

-9

Middle East

40.3

3.9

3.2

32

50

Africa C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

11.0

2.0

1.4

-11

11

28.5

3.3

2.3

6

59

5.9

1.1

0.8

-24

5

Africa C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

16.6

0.5

1.3

7

36

Economies

Economies

Canada

178.9

21.1

22.9

6

9

Canada

238.3

18.1

19.0

13

18

European Union (15)

165.2

26.3

21.1

1

9

European Union (15)

227.2

20.0

18.1

10

13 12

Mexico

111.3

7.2

14.2

10

28

Japan

151.3

18.1

12.0

8

Japan

64.9

12.4

8.3

-1

13

Mexico

140.4

5.9

11.2

16

26

Korea, Rep. of

27.8

3.7

3.6

39

21

China

103.3

3.1

8.2

17

18

548.2

70.7

70.1

6

13

Above 5

860.4

65.3

68.4

12

17

Taipei, Chinese

24.4

2.9

3.1

5

28

Taipei, Chinese

41.8

4.6

3.3

7

14

Singapore

17.8

2.0

2.3

4

10

Korea, Rep. of

41.6

3.7

3.3

31

28 20

Above 5

China

16.2

1.2

2.1

-8

23

Malaysia

26.4

1.1

2.1

13

Brazil

15.3

1.3

2.0

-13

16

Singapore

19.8

2.0

1.6

-1

7

Hong Kong, China

14.6

1.7

1.9

-2

15

Venezuela

19.2

1.9

1.5

19

61

Australia

12.5

2.2

1.6

-1

6

Thailand

16.9

1.1

1.3

8

12

Malaysia

10.9

0.9

1.4

1

20

Saudi Arabia

14.8

2.1

1.2

24

67

Switzerland

10.0

1.3

1.3

15

19

Philippines

14.4

0.7

1.1

4

12

Philippines

8.8

0.6

1.1

7

22

Brazil

14.3

1.7

1.1

12

20

Israel

7.7

0.8

1.0

10

1

Israel

13.4

0.7

1.1

14

33

Thailand

6.6

0.8

0.8

-5

33

Hong Kong, China

11.8

1.9

0.9

1

7

Saudi Arabia

6.2

1.0

0.8

-25

-21

India

11.0

0.7

0.9

11

15

Venezuela

5.5

0.8

0.7

-18

3

Nigeria

10.9

1.2

0.9

2

135

Argentina

4.7

0.3

0.6

-16

-5

Switzerland

10.8

1.1

0.9

10

7

Dominican Republic

4.5

0.4

0.6

3

9

Indonesia

10.7

0.7

0.9

3

4

Turkey

3.7

0.6

0.5

-9

16

Russian Fed.

7.9

-

0.6

0

31

Colombia

3.7

0.5

0.5

-27

4

Colombia

7.2

0.7

0.6

34

9

India

3.7

0.6

0.5

5

-1

Australia

6.6

0.9

0.5

-2

19

Chile

3.5

0.4

0.4

-23

12

Iraq

6.3

0.6

0.5

232

39

Egypt

3.3

0.6

0.4

-1

10

Norway

5.9

0.4

0.5

40

39

South Africa

3.1

0.5

0.4

-24

9

Dominican Republic

4.5

0.4

0.4

-4

3

Honduras

2.6

0.1

0.3

2

9

South Africa

4.3

0.4

0.3

4

23

Costa Rica

2.5

0.3

0.3

3

3

Angola

3.7

0.4

0.3

5

43

Indonesia

2.4

0.5

0.3

-15

24

Costa Rica

3.7

0.2

0.3

42

-12

United Arab Emirates

2.3

0.3

0.3

14

-16

Chile

3.4

0.3

0.3

17

3

744.7

93.3

95.3

-

-

1191.8

94.6

94.8

-

-

Above 30

Above 30

Trade by region

World

Annual percentage change

49

Table III.18

Merchandise exports of NAFTA countries by destination, 1990-00 (Billion dollars and percentage) Destination

United States

Origin

Canada

Mexico

All other countries

NAFTA (3)

World

Value United States

Canada

Mexico

Trade by region

NAFTA (3)

1990

-

83.0

28.3

111.3

282.3

393.6

1995

-

126.0

46.3

172.3

412.4

584.7

1998

-

154.2

79.0

233.1

449.0

682.1

1999

-

163.9

87.0

250.9

451.2

702.1

2000

-

178.9

111.3

290.2

490.9

781.1

1990

95.2

-

0.5

95.7

31.9

127.6

1995

152.8

-

0.8

153.6

38.6

192.2

1998

181.9

-

1.0

182.8

31.5

214.3

1999

205.0

-

1.1

206.1

32.3

238.4

2000

241.6

-

1.4

243.0

33.6

276.6

1990

32.3

0.2

-

32.6

8.2

40.7

1995

66.6

2.0

-

68.5

11.0

79.5

1998

101.9

1.7

-

103.6

13.9

117.5

1999

120.5

2.4

-

122.9

13.5

136.4

2000

149.0

3.4

-

152.4

14.0

166.4

1990

127.6

83.2

28.9

239.6

322.3

561.9

1995

219.4

128.0

47.1

394.5

462.0

856.5

1998

283.8

155.9

80.0

519.6

494.3

1013.9

1999

325.5

166.3

88.1

579.9

497.0

1076.9

2000

390.6

182.3

112.7

685.6

538.5

1224.1

Share United States

Canada

Mexico

NAFTA (3)

1990

-

14.8

5.0

19.8

50.2

70.0

2000

-

14.6

9.1

23.7

40.1

63.8

1990

16.9

-

0.1

17.0

5.7

22.7

2000

19.7

-

0.1

19.9

2.7

22.6

1990

5.8

0.0

-

5.8

1.5

7.2

2000

12.2

0.3

-

12.4

1.1

13.6

1990

22.7

14.8

5.1

42.6

57.4

100.0

2000

31.9

14.9

9.2

56.0

44.0

100.0

1990-00

-

8

15

10

6

7

1999

-

6

10

8

0

3

2000

-

9

28

16

9

11

1990-00

10

-

10

10

1

8

1999

13

-

12

13

3

11

2000

18

-

27

18

4

16

1990-00

17

31

-

17

6

15

1999

18

40

-

19

-3

16

2000

24

42

-

24

4

22

1990-00

12

8

15

11

5

8

1999

15

7

10

12

1

6

2000

20

10

28

18

8

14

Annual percentage change United States

Canada

Mexico

NAFTA (3)

50

Table III.19

Trade in commercial services of Canada, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports Value

Imports Share

Value

Share

2000

1995

2000

2000

1995

2000

37.2

100.0

100.0

41.9

100.0

100.0

Transportation

7.2

20.7

19.3

9.3

24.1

22.2

Sea transport

1.5

5.7

4.1

3.3

9.0

8.0

Air transport

3.2

8.3

8.7

4.1

10.2

9.8

Other transport

2.5

6.6

6.6

1.8

4.8

4.4

Travel

10.6

31.1

28.5

12.1

31.1

29.0

Other commercial services

48.8

Total commercial services

19.4

48.2

52.1

20.4

44.8

Communication services

1.3

5.0

3.5

1.3

3.9

3.0

Construction services

0.2

0.4

0.5

0.1

0.6

0.3

Insurance services

2.7

8.9

7.2

3.5

8.4

8.4

Financial services

1.2

2.5

3.3

1.7

2.9

4.0

Computer and information services

1.2

4.0

3.2

0.9

1.5

2.2

Royalties and licence fees

1.4

1.5

3.8

2.9

5.7

6.9

10.3

23.0

27.6

8.7

18.8

20.7

1.1

2.9

3.1

1.4

3.0

3.4

Other business services

Trade by region

Personal, cultural, and recreational services

Table III.20

Trade in commercial services of the United States, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports Value

Imports Share

Value

Share

2000

1995

2000

2000

1995

2000

274.6

100.0

100.0

198.9

100.0

100.0

Transportation

51.2

22.7

18.6

64.6

32.3

32.5

Sea transport

5.1

2.8

1.9

20.0

9.2

10.0

Air transport

26.7

11.2

9.7

28.3

13.5

14.2

Other transport

19.4

8.6

7.1

16.4

9.6

8.2

Travel

100.5

37.7

36.6

67.3

35.7

33.9

Other commercial services

122.9

39.7

44.8

67.0

32.0

33.7

Communication services a

4.1

1.8

1.5

6.5

6.0

3.2

Total commercial services

Construction services a

4.3

1.3

1.6

0.5

0.3

0.3

Insurance services a

2.7

0.7

1.0

6.6

4.1

3.3

Financial services a

17.9

3.5

6.5

5.1

1.9

2.5

4.3

1.2

1.6

0.7

0.2

0.3

Computer and information services a Royalties and licence fees

38.0

15.3

13.8

16.3

5.4

8.2

Other business services

45.7

14.7

16.7

31.0

14.0

15.6

6.0

1.3

2.2

0.3

0.1

0.1

Personal, cultural, and recreational services

a Excludes transactions between affiliates, which are recorded under "Other business services".

51

3. Latin America Table III.21

Table III.22

Merchandise trade of Latin America, 2000

Merchandise trade of Latin America by region and by major product group, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage) Exports

Imports

Value

Value

359

388

Share in world merchandise trade

5.8

6.0

Share

Exports

Total

Exports

Imports

359

100.0

100.0

North America

220

61.4

50.3

Latin America

62

17.2

17.8

Western Europe

45

12.5

15.9

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

3

0.8

1.8

Africa

3

0.9

1.3

Annual percentage change Region

Value 1980-85

0

-7

1985-90

6

10

1990-00

9

12

1998

-1

5

1999

7

-3

2000

20

16

1980-85

5.5

-6.5

1985-90

5.0

6.0

1990-00

9.0

10.5

1998

8.0

9.0

1999

7.0

-1.5

2000

9.5

11.0

Middle East

3

0.8

0.9

21

6.0

12.0

Agricultural products

66

18.4

9.0

Mining products

73

20.5

11.4

217

60.5

76.9

Asia

Volume Product group

Manufactures

Trade by region

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat’s network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

Chart III.7

Chart III.8

Merchandise trade of Latin America, 1990-00

Share of Latin America in world merchandise trade, 1990-00

(Billion dollars)

(Percentage based on value data)

450

7

400 6 350

Imports Imports

5

300 Exports Exports

250

4

200

3

150 2 100 1 50

0

0 90

52

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

Table III.23

Merchandise exports of Latin America by product, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in exports of Latin America

Value 2000

Total merchandise exports

1990

Share in world exports

2000

Annual percentage change

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

4.3

5.8

9

-1

7

20 8

358.7

100.0

100.0

66.0

27.0

18.4

9.6

11.8

5

-4

-7

57.9

24.0

16.1

11.2

13.1

5

-3

-9

7

8.1

3.0

2.3

4.4

7.0

6

-10

3

18

73.4

33.3

20.5

10.1

9.0

4

-23

21

28

10.4

5.1

2.9

14.3

16.8

3

-2

-2

16

Fuels

51.4

22.7

14.3

9.3

8.1

4

-30

34

31

Non-ferrous metals

11.6

5.4

3.2

10.9

9.7

4

-16

1

23

Manufactures

217.2

38.0

60.5

2.3

4.7

15

10

8

22

Iron and steel

8.5

4.2

2.4

5.8

6.0

3

-8

-16

21

17.1

4.7

4.8

2.3

3.0

9

0

-1

19

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

Mining products Ores and other minerals

Chemicals Other semi-manufactures

19.0

4.8

5.3

2.7

4.2

10

0

3

19

124.0

16.3

34.6

2.0

4.8

18

14

13

23

Automotive products

39.3

5.0

11.0

2.3

6.9

18

9

4

21

Office and telecom equipment

38.5

3.7

10.7

1.8

4.1

22

24

27

26

Other machinery and transport equipment

46.2

7.6

12.9

1.9

4.4

15

11

12

22

Machinery and transport equipment

4.9

1.5

1.4

2.2

3.1

8

-2

0

16

22.6

2.4

6.3

3.3

11.4

20

28

10

22

Other consumer goods

21.0

4.0

5.8

2.0

3.9

14

7

7

20

Trade by region

Textiles Clothing

Table III.24

Merchandise exports of Latin America by destination, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

2000

World

1990

Annual percentage change 2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

358.7

100.0

100.0

9

-1

7

20

North America

220.1

45.4

61.4

13

4

17

23

Intra-Latin America

61.6

14.0

17.2

12

-4

-12

23

Western Europe

45.0

21.2

12.5

4

0

0

10

41.6

20.2

11.6

3

0

0

8

European Union (15) Asia

21.4

9.5

6.0

4

-24

2

16

Japan

7.9

5.1

2.2

1

-26

7

13

China

3.9

0.8

1.1

13

-22

-22

79

Other

9.5

3.7

2.7

6

-24

7

3

Africa

3.2

1.4

0.9

4

-2

-16

8

Middle East

2.8

1.6

0.8

2

-3

-17

2

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

2.7

4.5

0.8

-9

-8

-7

1

295.2

83.8

82.3

9

0

12

19

Inter-regional trade

53

Table III.25

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Latin America, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

Annual percentage change

2000

1980

1990

1995

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

358.7

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

166.4

16.4

27.7

34.7

46.4

15

6

16

22

79.4

2.3

9.4

13.6

22.1

19

18

20

24

Exporters

Latin America Mexico maquiladoras

9

-1

7

20

Brazil

55.1

18.3

21.4

20.3

15.4

6

-4

-6

15

Venezuela

31.8

17.5

11.9

8.0

8.9

6

-20

17

58

Argentina

26.3

7.3

8.4

9.1

7.3

8

0

-12

13

Chile

18.2

4.3

5.7

7.0

5.1

8

-11

5

16

Colombia

13.0

3.6

4.6

4.4

3.6

7

-6

7

13

Peru

7.0

3.6

2.2

2.4

2.0

8

-16

6

15

Costa Rica

5.9

0.9

1.0

1.5

1.6

15

29

19

-11

Dominican Republic

5.7

1.1

1.5

1.6

1.6

10

8

3

11

Ecuador

4.8

2.3

1.8

1.9

1.4

6

-20

6

9 64

Trinidad and Tobago

4.6

3.7

1.4

1.1

1.3

8

-12

24

El Salvador

2.9

0.9

0.4

0.7

0.8

18

1

2

17

Guatemala

2.7

1.4

0.8

0.9

0.7

9

10

-7

11

Uruguay

2.3

1.0

1.2

0.9

0.6

3

2

-19

3

Cuba

1.6

5.1

3.5

0.7

0.5

-11

-15

-5

12

388.3

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

12

5

-3

16

182.6

17.9

33.4

29.8

47.0

15

14

14

23

Importers

Trade by region

Latin America Mexico

61.7

1.4

7.9

10.3

15.9

20

17

18

22

Brazil

maquiladoras

58.5

20.2

17.3

21.1

15.1

10

-7

-15

13

Argentina

25.1

8.5

3.1

7.9

6.5

20

3

-19

-1

Chile

18.1

4.7

5.9

6.3

4.7

9

-4

-19

19

Venezuela

16.1

9.6

5.6

5.0

4.1

8

8

-11

14

Colombia

11.5

3.8

4.3

5.4

3.0

8

-5

-27

8

Dominican Republic

9.8

1.6

2.3

2.0

2.5

13

15

6

22

Peru

8.8

2.0

2.7

3.6

2.3

10

-4

-18

9

Costa Rica

6.4

1.2

1.5

1.6

1.6

12

27

1

1

Cuba

4.9

5.3

3.5

1.1

1.3

1

5

3

14

El Salvador

4.9

0.8

1.0

1.3

1.3

14

6

3

20

Guatemala

4.8

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.2

11

21

-6

9

Uruguay

3.5

1.4

1.0

1.1

0.9

10

2

-12

3

Ecuador

3.5

1.8

1.4

1.6

0.9

6

13

-46

15

Panama

3.4

1.2

1.2

1.0

0.9

8

2

14

-4

ANDEAN (5) Exports Imports

57.9 41.6

27.8 17.8

21.2 14.5

17.3 16.2

16.1 10.7

6 8

-16 2

11 -22

33 11

MERCOSUR (4) Exports Imports

84.5 89.3

26.9 30.6

31.6 22.5

30.7 31.4

23.6 23.0

6 12

-2 -4

-9 -16

14 8

Memorandum item:

54

Table III.26

Merchandise exports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage) Destination

MERCOSUR (4)

Origin

All other regions Total

Latin America

World Other regions

Value Argentina

1990 1995 1999 2000

1833 6780 7071 8352

10520 14187 16262 17946

1577 3119 3263 …

8943 11068 12999 …

12353 20967 23333 26298

Brazil

1990 1995 1999 2000

1320 6154 6778 7762

30094 40352 41233 47324

2399 4624 4686 6114

27695 35728 36547 41210

31414 46506 48011 55086

Paraguay

1990 1995 1999 2000

379 528 307 553

580 391 434 299

123 73 51 121

457 318 383 178

959 919 741 852

Uruguay

1990 1995 1999 2000

595 995 1007 1023

1098 1111 1230 1272

94 130 190 …

1004 981 1040 …

1693 2106 2237 2295

MERCOSUR (4)

1990 1995 1999 2000

4127 14457 15163 17690

42292 56041 59159 66841

4193 7946 8190 …

38099 48095 50969 …

46419 70498 74322 84531

Argentina

1990 2000

3.9 9.9

22.7 21.2

3.4 …

19.3 …

26.6 31.1

Brazil

1990 2000

2.8 9.2

64.8 56.0

5.2 7.2

59.7 48.8

67.7 65.2

Paraguay

1990 2000

0.8 0.7

1.2 0.4

0.3 0.1

1.0 0.2

2.1 1.0

Uruguay

1990 2000

1.3 1.2

2.4 1.5

0.2 …

2.2 …

3.6 2.7

MERCOSUR (4)

1990 2000

8.9 20.9

91.1 79.1

9.0 …

82.1 …

100.0 100.0

Argentina

1990-00 1999 2000

16 -25 18

5 -4 10

… -16 …

… -1 …

8 -12 13

Brazil

1990-00 1999 2000

19 -24 15

5 -2 15

10 -14 30

4 -1 13

6 -6 15

Paraguay

1990-00 1999 2000

4 -42 80

-6 -10 -31

0 -44 137

-9 -2 -54

-1 -27 15

Uruguay

1990-00 1999 2000

6 -34 2

1 0 3

… -3 …

… 0 …

3 -19 3

MERCOSUR (4)

1990-00 1999 2000

16 -26 17

5 -3 13

… -15 …

… -1 …

6 -9 14

Trade by region

Share

Annual percentage change

55

Table III.27

Merchandise imports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage) Origin

MERCOSUR (4)

Destination

All other regions Total

Latin America

World Other regions

Value Argentina

1990 1995 1999 2000

833 4603 6299 7197

3243 15519 19209 17952

516 1286 1464 …

2727 14233 17745 …

4076 20122 25508 25149

Brazil

1990 1995 1999 2000

2443 7280 7044 8127

20081 46503 44631 50405

1551 4046 3047 4293

18530 42457 41584 46112

22524 53783 51675 58532

Paraguay

1990 1995 1999 2000

405 1237 957 1132

947 1907 949 1061

64 126 40 96

883 1781 909 965

1352 3144 1906 2193

Uruguay

1990 1995 1999 2000

560 1321 1461 1517

783 1546 1896 1949

137 176 254 …

646 1370 1642 …

1343 2867 3357 3466

MERCOSUR (4)

1990 1995 1999 2000

4241 14441 15761 17973

25054 65475 66685 71367

2268 5634 4805 …

22786 59841 61880 …

29295 79916 82446 89340

Argentina

1990 2000

2.8 8.1

11.1 20.1

1.8 …

9.3 …

13.9 28.1

Brazil

1990 2000

8.3 9.1

68.5 56.4

5.3 4.8

63.3 51.6

76.9 65.5

Paraguay

1990 2000

1.4 1.3

3.2 1.2

0.2 0.1

3.0 1.1

4.6 2.5

Uruguay

1990 2000

1.9 1.7

2.7 2.2

0.5 …

2.2 …

4.6 3.9

MERCOSUR (4)

1990 2000

14.5 20.1

85.5 79.9

7.7 …

77.8 …

100.0 100.0

Argentina

1990-00 1999 2000

24 -21 14

19 -18 -7

… -13 …

… -19 …

20 -19 -1

Brazil

1990-00 1999 2000

13 -29 15

10 -12 13

11 -8 41

10 -12 11

10 -15 13

Paraguay

1990-00 1999 2000

11 -35 18

1 -34 12

4 -27 140

1 -34 6

5 -34 15

Uruguay

1990-00 1999 2000

10 -11 4

10 -12 3

… 45 …

… -17 …

10 -12 3

MERCOSUR (4)

1990-00 1999 2000

16 -25 14

11 -14 7

… -8 …

… -15 …

12 -16 8

Trade by region

Share

Annual percentage change

56

Table III.28

Merchandise exports of ANDEAN countries by region, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage) Destination

ANDEAN (5)

Origin

All other regions Total

Latin America

World Other regions

Value Bolivia

1990 1995 1999 2000

60 222 219 253

866 878 832 961

357 213 312 …

509 665 520 …

926 1100 1051 1214

Colombia

1990 1995 1999 2000

373 1939 1635 2171

6393 8186 9941 10869

802 1064 1278 1681

5591 7122 8663 9188

6766 10125 11576 13040

Ecuador

1990 1995 1999 2000

189 359 445 662

2525 3948 4006 4184

587 612 … 862

1938 3336 … 3322

2714 4307 4451 4846

Peru

1990 1995 1999 2000

214 405 346 446

3016 5170 5767 6556

283 548 632 …

2733 4622 5135 …

3230 5575 6113 7002

Venezuela

1990 1995 1999 2000

489 1887 1221 1586

17008 16570 18969 30216

2278 4714 5678 …

14730 11856 13291 …

17497 18457 20190 31802

ANDEAN (5)

1990 1995 1999 2000

1325 4812 3866 5119

29808 34752 39515 52785

4307 7151 … …

25501 27601 … …

31133 39564 43381 57904

Bolivia

1990 2000

0.2 0.4

2.8 1.7

1.1 …

1.6 …

3.0 2.1

Colombia

1990 2000

1.2 3.7

20.5 18.8

2.6 2.9

18.0 15.9

21.7 22.5

Ecuador

1990 2000

0.6 1.1

8.1 7.2

1.9 1.5

6.2 5.7

8.7 8.4

Peru

1990 2000

0.7 0.8

9.7 11.3

0.9 …

8.8 …

10.4 12.1

Venezuela

1990 2000

1.6 2.7

54.6 52.2

7.3 …

47.3 …

56.2 54.9

ANDEAN (5)

1990 2000

4.3 8.8

95.7 91.2

13.8 …

81.9 …

100.0 100.0

Bolivia

1990-00 1999 2000

15 -18 16

1 -1 16

… -3 …

… 1 …

3 -5 16

Colombia

1990-00 1999 2000

19 -23 33

5 14 9

8 13 32

5 14 6

7 7 13

Ecuador

1990-00 1999 2000

13 -19 49

5 10 4

4 … …

6 … …

6 6 9

Peru

1990-00 1999 2000

8 -27 29

8 9 14

… 12 …

… 9 …

8 6 15

Venezuela

1990-00 1999 2000

12 -38 30

6 25 59

… 49 …

… 16 …

6 17 58

ANDEAN (5)

1990-00 1999 2000

14 -28 32

6 17 34

… … …

… … …

6 11 33

Trade by region

Share

Annual percentage change

57

Table III.29

Merchandise imports of ANDEAN countries by region, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage) Origin

ANDEAN (5)

Destination

All other regions Total

Latin America

World Other regions

Value Bolivia

1990 1995 1999 2000

30 111 154 157

657 1313 1601 1603

301 431 687 …

356 882 914 …

687 1424 1755 1760

Colombia

1990 1995 1999 2000

474 1845 1440 1613

5116 12008 9219 9926

732 1604 1380 1609

4384 10404 7839 8317

5590 13853 10659 11539

Ecuador

1990 1995 1999 2000

119 705 610 840

1742 3447 2407 2625

302 661 526 680

1440 2786 1881 1945

1861 4152 3017 3465

Peru a

1990 1995 1999 2000

515 1190 1032 1478

2385 6394 5791 5959

440 1439 1175 …

1945 4955 4616 …

2900 7584 6823 7437

Venezuela a

1990 1995 1999 2000

213 1017 940 1412

6388 9774 12614 14040

697 1638 1935 …

5691 8136 10679 …

6601 10791 13554 15452

ANDEAN (5)

1990 1995 1999 2000

1351 4868 4176 5500

16288 32936 31632 34153

2472 5773 5703 …

13816 27163 25929 …

17639 37804 35808 39653

Bolivia

1990 2000

0.2 0.4

3.7 4.0

1.7 …

2.0 …

3.9 4.4

Colombia

1990 2000

2.7 4.1

29.0 25.0

4.1 4.1

24.9 21.0

31.7 29.1

Ecuador

1990 2000

0.7 2.1

9.9 6.6

1.7 1.7

8.2 4.9

10.6 8.7

Peru

1990 2000

2.9 3.7

13.5 15.0

2.5 …

11.0 …

16.4 18.8

Venezuela

1990 2000

1.2 3.6

36.2 35.4

4.0 …

32.3 …

37.4 39.0

ANDEAN (5)

1990 2000

7.7 13.9

92.3 86.1

14.0 …

78.3 …

100.0 100.0

Bolivia

1990-00 1999 2000

18 -10 2

9 -12 0

… -1 …

… -18 …

10 -11 0

Colombia

1990-00 1999 2000

13 -24 12

7 -28 8

8 -32 17

7 -27 6

8 -27 8

Ecuador

1990-00 1999 2000

22 -37 38

4 -48 9

8 -46 29

3 -48 3

6 -46 15

Peru

1990-00 1999 2000

11 -13 43

10 -18 3

… -21 …

… -17 …

10 -17 9

Venezuela

1990-00 1999 2000

21 -2 50

8 -5 11

… -14 …

… -3 …

9 -5 14

ANDEAN (5)

1990-00 1999 2000

15 -20 32

8 -20 8

… -23 …

… -19 …

8 -20 11

Trade by region

Share

Annual percentage change

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

58

Table III.30

Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Latin America, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

2000

1990

Annual percentage change 2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

Exporters Latin America

60.7

100.0

100.0

7

8

0

12

Mexico

13.6

24.3

22.3

7

6

-3

17

Brazil

8.8

12.5

14.6

9

29

-3

29

Argentina

4.4

7.6

7.3

7

7

-4

2

Chile

3.8

6.0

6.3

8

0

-8

4

Dominican Republic

3.1

3.7

5.2

11

2

14

14

Cuba a

3.1

2.1

5.2

18

…

…

…

Bahamas

2.0

4.9

3.3

3

-4

18

12

Jamaica

2.0

3.3

3.3

7

4

4

9

Colombia

2.0

5.2

3.2

2

-10

-4

9

Netherlands Antilles a

1.8

3.8

3.0

5

2

…

…

Panama

1.7

3.1

2.9

7

11

1

8

Costa Rica a

1.7

2.0

2.7

11

19

13

…

Peru

1.5

2.4

2.4

7

15

-12

0

Uruguay

1.3

1.5

2.2

11

-7

-6

7

Barbados a

1.1

2.1

1.8

6

7

0

…

71.6

100.0

100.0

8

4

-5

13

Latin America Mexico

16.8

29.0

23.4

5

7

11

19

Brazil

15.9

19.4

22.2

9

9

-15

19

Argentina

8.6

8.3

12.0

12

4

-6

3

Chile

4.3

5.7

6.1

8

4

-3

10

Venezuela

4.3

6.9

6.0

6

-8

-28

21

Colombia

3.2

4.9

4.5

7

-7

-8

5

Peru

2.2

3.1

3.1

8

3

-7

3

Ecuador

1.3

2.2

1.9

6

5

-16

7

Dominican Republic

1.3

1.3

1.9

12

12

-6

9

Jamaica

1.3

1.9

1.8

7

5

1

4

Costa Rica a

1.3

1.6

1.8

9

13

6

…

Panama

1.0

1.9

1.4

4

-11

-5

-4

Netherlands Antilles a

1.0

1.5

1.4

7

15

…

…

Bahamas

0.9

1.5

1.3

6

19

-4

2

El Salvador

0.9

0.9

1.2

12

18

6

16

Trade by region

Importers

a Includes Secretariat estimates.

59

4. Western Europe Table III.31

Table III.32

Merchandise trade of Western Europe, 2000

Merchandise trade of Western Europe by region and by major product group, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage) Exports

Value

Imports

Value

2441

2567

Share in world merchandise trade

39.5

39.6

Exports

Total

Share

Imports

Exports

Imports

2441

2567

100.0

100.0

8.9

Annual percentage change Region

Value 1980-85

-1

-3

North America

263

228

10.8

1985-90

16

16

Latin America

55

49

2.2

1.9

1990-00

4

4

1654

1657

67.7

64.6

1998

4

6

1999

0

1

2000

3

5

Volume

Western Europe

129

144

5.3

5.6

Africa

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

59

77

2.4

3.0

Middle East

60

48

2.4

1.9

199

332

8.2

12.9

Agricultural products

230

259

9.4

10.1

Mining products

172

284

7.1

11.1

1959

1942

80.3

75.7

Asia 4.0

2.0

1985-90

4.5

7.0

1990-00

6.5

6.0

1998

6.5

8.0

1999

4.5

5.5

2000

10.5

10.0

Product group

Manufactures

Trade by region

1980-85

Chart III.9

Chart III.10

Merchandise trade of Western Europe, 1990-00

Share of Western Europe in world merchandise trade, 1990-00

(Billion dollars)

(Percentage based on value data)

2800

50

2600 Exports

45 2400

2200 Imports 40 2000

1800 Imports

1600

35

Exports

30

1400 90

60

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

Table III.33

Merchandise exports of Western Europe by product, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 2000

Total merchandise exports

Share in exports

Share in

of Western Europe

world exports

1990

2000

1990

Annual percentage change

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

2441

100.0

100.0

48.3

39.5

4

4

0

3

230

11.4

9.4

45.2

41.2

2

1

-3

-3

196

9.4

8.0

48.7

44.4

3

2

-2

-4

34

2.1

1.4

34.4

28.9

0

-2

-8

4

172

7.2

7.1

24.5

21.2

4

-15

8

30

16

0.9

0.6

26.9

25.5

1

-12

-1

8

112

4.3

4.6

19.7

17.7

5

-22

15

40

45

2.1

1.8

46.2

37.3

3

-1

-2

17

Manufactures

1959

79.1

80.3

54.2

42.3

4

4

0

2

Iron and steel

66

3.9

2.7

61.0

46.1

0

3

-13

7

321

11.8

13.1

65.1

55.9

5

6

3

2

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment

219

10.0

9.0

61.8

48.7

3

2

0

1

1004

37.2

41.1

50.2

39.1

5

6

1

3

Automotive products

271

10.6

11.1

54.4

47.4

5

8

0

1

Office and telecom equipment

260

5.8

10.6

32.0

27.7

11

8

7

12

Other machinery and transport equipment

473

20.8

19.4

57.1

44.9

3

4

-1

1

60

3.4

2.4

53.2

37.8

1

1

-8

-5

Clothing Other consumer goods

57

2.9

2.3

43.6

28.8

2

-4

-4

-4

233

10.0

9.5

54.5

43.0

4

2

3

0

Trade by region

Textiles

Table III.34

Merchandise imports of Western Europe by product, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in imports of Western Europe

Value 2000

Total merchandise imports Agricultural products Food Raw materials

Mining products Ores and other minerals

1990

2000

Share in world imports 1990

2000

Annual percentage change 1990-00

1998

1999

2000

2567

100.0

100.0

48.7

39.6

4

6

1

5

259

13.1

10.1

50.3

42.7

2

3

-3

-3

208

10.0

8.1

50.3

43.4

2

4

-2

-5

50

3.1

2.0

50.3

40.3

0

-1

-10

8

284

13.0

11.1

43.8

33.0

3

-15

5

39

30

1.7

1.2

50.5

43.3

0

-4

-7

7

201

8.9

7.8

40.6

30.1

3

-22

11

53

53

2.4

2.1

55.0

42.8

3

2

-6

18

Manufactures

1942

72.2

75.7

50.3

40.2

5

8

2

2

Iron and steel

63

3.3

2.5

49.8

40.3

1

11

-15

9

Chemicals

271

10.0

10.5

55.7

45.3

5

9

0

2

Other semi-manufactures

207

9.0

8.1

55.6

43.1

3

5

1

1

Fuels Non-ferrous metals

Machinery and transport equipment

1009

33.6

39.3

46.8

38.1

6

11

4

3

Automotive products

252

9.5

9.8

50.1

42.8

5

13

3

-3

Office and telecom equipment

336

8.0

13.1

45.2

34.6

9

10

8

11

Other machinery and transport equipment

422

16.2

16.4

45.9

38.7

4

10

3

2

55

3.2

2.1

50.1

32.8

0

3

-10

-5

92

3.6

3.6

55.3

43.7

4

-1

0

-1

246

9.4

9.6

52.2

42.7

4

6

4

1

Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods

61

Table III.35

Merchandise exports of Western Europe by destination, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

World

2441

100.0

100.0

4

4

0

3

Intra-Western Europe

1654

71.4

67.7

4

6

1

1

1512

65.1

61.9

4

6

1

1

North America United States

263 239

7.8 6.9

10.8 9.8

7 8

9 11

11 11

13 13

Asia Japan China Australia and New Zealand Other

199 46 29 17 107

7.3 2.1 0.5 0.8 4.0

8.2 1.9 1.2 0.7 4.4

5 3 14 4 5

-19 -13 3 -5 -27

3 10 22 4 -3

12 9 20 -2 13

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Central and Eastern Europe Russian Fed. Baltic States

129 94 19 7

3.8 1.7 -

5.3 3.9 0.8 0.3

8 13 -

3 13 -21 13

-11 -2 -35 -18

10 8 18 11

Middle East

60

2.8

2.4

3

-4

-7

4

Africa South Africa Other Africa

59 11 48

3.3 0.5 3.0

2.4 0.5 2.0

1 3 0

7 5 7

-7 -14 -5

0 6 -2

Latin America

55

1.8

2.2

6

7

-12

3

765

26.8

31.3

6

-2

0

10

European Union (15)

Inter-regional trade

Trade by region

Annual percentage change

Table III.36

Merchandise imports of Western Europe by origin, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

World

2567

100.0

100.0

4

6

1

5

Intra-Western Europe

1657

69.0

64.6

4

6

1

1

1526

63.2

59.5

4

6

1

0

Asia Japan China Australia and New Zealand Other

332 93 65 11 163

10.0 4.3 0.8 0.5 4.3

12.9 3.6 2.6 0.4 6.3

7 2 16 2 8

9 9 12 7 8

3 3 12 -12 2

11 3 22 7 11

North America United States

228 209

8.2 7.3

8.9 8.1

5 5

6 5

1 2

9 9

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Central and Eastern Europe Russian Fed. Baltic States

144 84 42 9

3.6 1.6 -

5.6 3.3 1.6 0.3

9 12 -

6 20 -20 21

6 7 4 0

22 10 46 28

Africa South Africa Other Africa

77 15 62

3.9 0.6 3.3

3.0 0.6 2.4

2 4 1

-8 6 -11

0 6 -2

25 15 28

Latin America

49

2.3

1.9

2

1

-2

9

Middle East

48

2.3

1.9

2

-10

7

35

879

30.3

34.3

6

5

3

14

European Union (15)

Inter-regional trade

62

Annual percentage change

Table III.37

Gross domestic product and trade in goods and services in Western Europe, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Annual percentage change in volume

GDP 2000

Western Europe a

Exports of goods and services

GDP

8448

1990-00

2.0

1999

2000

2.4

3.4

1990-00

6.4

1999

4.1

Imports of goods and services 2000

11.5

1990-00

5.8

1999

6.1

2000

10.5

Germany

1873

1.9

1.6

3.0

6.0

5.1

13.2

5.9

8.1

10.2

France

1294

1.8

3.2

3.1

6.6

4.0

13.6

5.4

4.0

14.7

United Kingdom

1415

2.2

2.3

3.1

5.7

4.0

8.4

6.0

8.1

9.6

Italy

1074

1.6

1.6

2.9

5.7

0.0

10.2

4.7

5.1

8.3

Spain

559

2.6

4.0

4.1

10.1

6.6

10.8

9.0

11.9

10.4

Netherlands

365

2.9

3.9

3.9

5.8

5.6

9.1

5.5

6.3

9.1

Switzerland

241

0.9

1.5

3.4

3.7

5.9

9.5

4.0

5.5

8.6 11.4

Belgium

227

2.1

2.7

4.0

4.9

5.2

11.8

4.7

4.5

Sweden

227

1.7

4.1

3.6

7.4

5.9

9.8

5.3

4.3

9.7

Turkey

200

3.6

-4.7

7.2

10.8

-7.0

19.3

10.2

-3.7

25.4

Austria

190

2.2

2.8

3.2

5.7

7.6

9.8

5.8

7.1

9.2

Denmark

162

2.3

2.1

2.9

4.3

9.7

9.8

5.2

2.2

10.2

Norway

162

3.3

0.9

2.3

4.8

1.7

2.8

4.2

-3.1

1.2

Finland

122

2.2

4.2

5.7

9.3

7.1

17.7

4.9

4.3

12.8

Greece

112

2.3

3.4

4.1

6.2

6.5

12.3

5.7

3.9

8.7

Portugal

105

2.6

2.8

3.3

5.4

2.5

7.0

7.3

7.0

6.5

Ireland

94

7.1

9.8

11.0

14.7

12.4

20.0

13.0

8.7

18.5

7837

2.0

2.6

3.3

6.4

4.3

11.6

5.8

6.5

10.6

European Union (15) a Excludes the former Yugoslavia.

Trade by region

Memorandum item:

63

Table III.38

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Western Europe, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Annual percentage change Value

Share

Value

Volume

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

10.5

Exporters Western Europe

2441.3

100.0

100.0

4

4

0

3

6.5

6.5

4.5

Germany

551.5

25.7

22.6

3

6

0

1

6.0

8.0

4.5

12.5

France

298.1

13.2

12.2

3

6

-1

-1

6.5

6.5

4.0

12.5

United Kingdom

284.1

11.3

11.6

4

-3

-1

6

5.5

1.5

3.5

9.5

Italy

237.8

10.4

9.7

3

2

-4

1

5.5

3.0

0.5

10.5

Netherlands

212.5

8.0

8.7

5

4

0

6

7.0

9.5

5.0

9.0

Belgium

186.1

-

7.6

-

-

-

4

-

-

5.1

9.0

Spain

113.7

3.4

4.7

7

5

1

3

11.0

6.5

6.5

12.5

Sweden

86.9

3.5

3.6

4

2

0

2

7.0

7.0

5.0

10.5

Switzerland

81.5

3.9

3.3

2

4

2

2

4.0

4.5

4.0

10.5

Ireland

79.9

1.5

3.3

13

20

11

12

15.0

24.5

16.5

21.0 11.5

Austria

63.9

2.5

2.6

4

7

3

-1

7.5

8.5

6.0

Norway

60.0

2.1

2.5

6

-17

13

32

7.0

0.5

3.0

6.0

Denmark

49.6

2.3

2.0

3

-1

3

0

5.5

2.0

5.5

6.5

Finland

45.6

1.6

1.9

6

5

-3

9

8.0

9.0

3.5

11.5

Turkey

26.6

0.8

1.1

7

3

-1

0

8.5

6.0

6.5

11.0

2566.9

100.0

100.0

4

6

1

5

6.0

8.0

5.5

10.0

Trade by region

Importers Western Europe Germany

502.8

20.9

19.6

4

6

1

6

6.0

9.0

6.5

12.5

United Kingdom

337.0

13.1

13.1

4

2

2

5

6.0

9.5

7.5

10.0

France

305.4

13.8

11.9

3

7

1

4

6.0

8.5

4.0

13.5

Italy

236.5

10.7

9.2

3

4

1

7

5.0

9.0

7.0

8.5

Netherlands

198.0

7.4

7.7

5

5

2

4

6.0

9.0

4.0

5.0

Belgium

173.0

-

6.7

-

-

-

5

-

-

3.3

7.5

Spain

153.5

5.2

6.0

6

8

9

6

9.5

13.0

14.0

8.5

Switzerland

83.6

4.1

3.3

2

5

0

5

4.0

8.0

8.0

7.0

Sweden

72.8

3.2

2.8

3

5

0

6

6.0

10.0

3.0

12.0

Austria

68.6

2.9

2.7

3

5

2

-2

8.0

14.0

10.5

1.0

Turkey

53.5

1.3

2.1

9

-5

-11

31

10.0

-5.0

1.0

32.5

Ireland

50.9

1.2

2.0

9

14

6

8

10.5

18.0

8.0

13.5

Denmark

44.3

2.0

1.7

3

4

-3

-1

5.5

3.5

1.5

5.5

Portugal

38.2

1.5

1.5

4

10

4

-4

6.0

14.0

8.0

1.0

Norway

34.4

1.6

1.3

2

5

-9

1

5.0

10.5

-3.5

8.5

Memorandum item: European Union (15)

64

Exports

2251.2

92.2

92.2

4

4

0

2

6.5

6.5

5.0

10.5

Imports

2362.0

91.6

92.0

4

6

2

5

6.0

8.5

6.0

9.5

Table III.39

Merchandise trade of the European Union by region and economy, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports

Imports

Destination Value 2000

Annual percentage change

Share 1990

2000

1999

Value

2000

Region

Annual percentage change

Share

2000

1990

2000

1999

2000

2362.0

100.0

100.0

2

5

1520.9

69.1

64.4

1

0

Region 2251.2

100.0

100.0

0

2

Western Europe

1525.8

71.6

67.8

1

0

North America

239.0

7.8

10.6

11

13

Asia

311.2

10.1

13.2

5

10

Asia

182.8

7.2

8.1

3

12

North America

212.0

8.2

9.0

2

9

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

World Western Europe

121.6

3.7

5.4

-10

10

126.6

3.4

5.4

6

19

Africa

55.8

3.4

2.5

-7

0

Africa

72.5

4.0

3.1

0

24

Middle East

53.8

2.7

2.4

-8

5

Latin America

46.1

2.3

2.0

-1

9

Latin America

51.6

1.8

2.3

-12

3

Middle East

44.1

2.2

1.9

8

35

1396.4

63.0

59.1

1

0

184.3

7.3

7.8

-2

8

Economies European Union (15)

Economies 1392.3

64.9

61.8

1

0

204.9

6.9

9.1

5

11

United States

Switzerland

61.9

3.7

2.7

0

-1

Japan

86.7

4.3

3.7

4

3

Japan

41.2

2.0

1.8

9

9

China

61.2

0.8

2.6

13

22

Poland

30.6

0.4

1.4

-3

2

Switzerland

51.0

3.0

2.2

-3

-3

United States

Above 5

European Union (15)

1730.9

78.0

76.9

2

1

Above 5

1779.5

78.5

75.3

1

1

China

27.8

0.5

1.2

21

21

Norway

40.2

1.7

1.7

0

34

Turkey

25.9

0.7

1.1

-14

28

Russian Fed.

33.0

-

1.4

2

44

Norway

22.9

1.2

1.0

-12

-5

Taipei, Chinese

24.9

0.8

1.1

4

12

Czech Rep.

21.5

-

1.0

1

13

Korea, Rep. of

23.2

0.6

1.0

12

16

Hungary

19.9

0.3

0.9

-1

9

Poland

21.7

0.5

0.9

3

15

Hong Kong, China

18.3

0.6

0.8

-15

13

Hungary

20.1

0.3

0.8

13

7

Russian Fed.

17.8

-

0.8

-34

18

Czech Rep.

19.7

-

0.8

8

12

Canada

17.3

0.9

0.8

2

6

Hong Kong, China

18.9

0.7

0.8

7

10

Brazil

14.2

0.3

0.6

-15

-1

Canada

17.3

0.8

0.7

-1

18

Korea, Rep. of

14.1

0.5

0.6

20

29

Turkey

16.5

0.5

0.7

6

3

Israel

13.9

0.5

0.6

8

8

Brazil

15.8

0.8

0.7

-6

10

Australia

13.7

0.6

0.6

0

-3

Singapore

15.7

0.4

0.7

-2

7

Singapore

12.9

0.5

0.6

2

6

Malaysia

14.6

0.3

0.6

-2

15

Taipei, Chinese

12.5

0.4

0.6

-8

6

South Africa

14.1

0.6

0.6

7

14

Mexico

12.1

0.3

0.5

7

11

Thailand

12.5

0.3

0.5

5

11

India

11.3

0.5

0.5

4

9

Saudi Arabia

11.8

0.7

0.5

-6

47

South Africa

10.7

0.5

0.5

-14

6

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

11.8

0.7

0.5

17

60

United Arab Emirates

10.4

0.3

0.5

1

6

India

11.8

0.4

0.5

-3

9

Saudi Arabia

10.2

0.7

0.5

-24

1

Algeria

10.7

0.6

0.5

-16

68

Romania

8.7

0.1

0.4

-5

32

Indonesia

10.4

0.2

0.4

-4

7

Malaysia

7.7

0.2

0.3

7

23

Israel

9.4

0.3

0.4

5

12

Slovenia

7.4

-

0.3

-4

3

Australia

7.4

0.4

0.3

-11

7

Egypt

7.3

0.4

0.3

-1

-9

Romania

7.1

0.1

0.3

6

14

Morocco

7.1

0.3

0.3

1

8

Slovak Rep.

6.6

-

0.3

6

2

Tunisia

6.9

0.3

0.3

-2

12

Iran, Islamic Rep. of

6.4

0.5

0.3

7

31

2083.6

-

92.6

-

-

2181.0

-

92.3

-

-

Above 30

Above 30

Trade by region

World

Origin

65

Table III.40

Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Western Europe, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

2000

1990

Annual percentage change 2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

7

0

0 -3

Exporters Western Europe

646.4

100.0

100.0

5

United Kingdom

99.9

12.8

15.5

7

8

3

France

81.2

16.0

12.6

2

5

-3

0

Germany

80.0

12.4

12.4

4

2

0

1

Italy

56.7

11.7

8.8

2

0

-9

-6

Spain

53.0

6.7

8.2

7

12

8

0

Netherlands

52.3

6.9

8.1

6

3

5

-1

Belgium-Luxembourg

42.0

6.0

6.5

5

8

10

4

Austria

30.0

5.5

4.6

3

0

6

-3

Switzerland

26.4

4.4

4.1

4

5

2

0

Denmark

20.6

3.1

3.2

5

8

11

22

Sweden

20.0

3.2

3.1

4

1

11

2 19

Turkey

19.2

1.9

3.0

9

21

-30

Ireland

16.6

0.8

2.6

18

…

-7

8

Norway

15.0

3.0

2.3

2

-5

1

8

Greece a

10.2

1.6

1.6

5

9

1

…

614.6

100.0

100.0

5

9

1

1

Importers

Trade by region

Western Europe Germany United Kingdom

132.3

20.2

21.5

5

4

3

0

82.1

11.4

13.4

6

11

6

-1

France

61.5

12.9

10.0

2

6

-6

-2

Italy

55.7

11.9

9.1

2

7

-9

-3

Netherlands

51.1

7.4

8.3

6

6

4

2

Belgium-Luxembourg

38.3

6.2

6.2

5

8

6

6

Spain

30.8

3.9

5.0

7

13

11

2 -1

Austria

29.1

3.6

4.7

8

-4

7

Ireland

28.7

1.3

4.7

19

…

-10

8

Sweden

23.4

4.3

3.8

3

11

4

4 21

Denmark

18.3

2.6

3.0

6

15

-4

Switzerland

15.5

2.8

2.5

3

7

5

-1

Norway

14.5

3.1

2.4

2

-4

3

-1

Finland

8.2

1.9

1.3

1

-5

2

5

Turkey

7.6

0.7

1.2

11

17

-10

-10

Memorandum item: European Union (15) Exports

576.8

88.9

89.2

5

7

1

0

Imports

571.1

89.2

92.9

5

9

1

1

a Includes Secretariat estimates.

66

Table III.41

Trade in commercial services of France, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports

Imports

Value

Share

Value

Share

2000

1995

2000

2000

1995

2000

Total commercial services

81.2

100.0

100.0

61.5

100.0

100.0

Transportation

31.8

19.4

24.6

23.9

19.5

32.9

Sea transport

3.8

4.5

4.7

5.0

7.4

8.1

Air transport

9.1

10.7

11.2

8.8

14.5

14.2

Other transport

6.5

9.5

8.0

5.8

10.9

9.4

Travel

30.9

33.2

38.1

17.9

25.4

29.1

Other commercial services

39.1

30.8

42.2

38.0

24.1

41.7

Communication services

1.3

0.6

1.6

1.1

0.6

1.9

Construction services

2.9

3.7

3.5

1.5

1.6

2.5

Insurance services

1.3

2.2

1.6

-0.3

2.4

-0.5

Financial services

1.3

3.1

1.6

1.5

3.6

2.4

Computer and information services

0.8

0.4

1.0

0.7

0.8

1.2

Royalties and licence fees

2.3

2.2

2.8

2.1

3.6

3.3

19.3

28.5

23.8

15.5

27.0

25.2

1.6

1.4

2.0

2.0

2.1

3.2

Other business services

Trade by region

Personal, cultural, and recreational services

Table III.42

Trade in commercial services of Germany, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports Value

Imports Share

Value

Share

2000

1995

2000

2000

1995

2000

Total commercial services

80.0

100.0

100.0

132.3

100.0

100.0

Transportation

19.4

26.0

24.3

25.0

19.6

18.9

Sea transport

7.6

8.2

9.5

8.9

6.1

6.7

Air transport

8.3

12.6

10.4

6.5

6.5

4.9

Other transport

3.5

5.2

4.4

9.6

7.0

7.3

Travel

17.6

23.8

22.0

47.1

41.6

35.6

Other commercial services

43.0

50.2

53.7

60.2

38.7

45.5

Communication services

1.4

2.7

1.8

3.1

2.4

2.4

Construction services

3.6

7.0

4.4

4.7

4.7

3.6

Insurance services

2.1

1.7

2.6

1.5

1.2

1.2

Financial services

4.1

3.2

5.1

3.3

0.4

2.5

Computer and information services

3.7

1.9

4.6

4.8

1.6

3.7

Royalties and licence fees

2.8

4.2

3.5

5.5

4.7

4.1

25.1

29.3

31.4

34.0

22.2

25.7

0.2

0.2

0.3

3.2

1.6

2.4

Other business services Personal, cultural, and recreational services

67

Table III.43

Trade in commercial services of Italy, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports Value

Share

Value

Share

2000

1995

2000

2000

1995

2000

56.7

100.0

100.0

55.7

100.0

100.0

Transportation

8.9

17.7

15.6

13.7

24.5

24.6

Sea transport

4.1

7.5

7.3

6.9

11.9

12.4

Air transport

3.0

6.1

5.3

4.2

7.2

7.5

Other transport

1.8

4.1

3.1

2.7

5.4

4.8

Travel

27.4

47.0

48.4

15.4

27.2

27.7

Other commercial services

47.7

Total commercial services

20.4

35.3

36.0

26.6

48.4

Communication services

1.3

0.5

2.2

1.9

1.1

3.5

Construction services

1.3

5.2

2.4

1.1

2.8

2.1

Insurance services

0.6

2.3

1.0

1.0

1.6

1.8

Financial services

1.9

4.3

3.3

1.4

8.2

2.5

Computer and information services

0.4

0.3

0.8

0.9

0.8

1.7

Royalties and licence fees

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

2.1

2.1

13.8

21.5

24.3

17.8

29.7

31.9

0.5

0.6

1.0

1.2

2.0

2.1

Other business services Personal, cultural, and recreational services

Trade by region

Imports

Table III.44

Trade in commercial services of the United Kingdom, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports Value

Imports Share

Value

Share

2000

1995

2000

2000

1995

2000

Total commercial services

99.9

100.0

100.0

82.1

100.0

100.0

Transportation

26.8

18.2

21.6

18.2

22.0

28.4

Sea transport

6.1

9.0

6.1

6.9

11.1

8.4

Air transport

10.8

11.2

10.8

13.4

15.8

16.3

1.4

1.5

1.4

1.7

1.5

2.1

Travel

21.7

27.5

21.7

38.0

41.8

46.3

Other commercial services

Other transport

60.0

50.9

60.1

22.1

29.8

26.9

Communication services

2.3

2.1

2.3

2.3

3.5

2.8

Construction services

0.1

…

0.1

0.1

…

0.1

Insurance services

4.3

6.0

4.3

1.0

1.3

1.2

12.7

9.5

12.7

0.3

0.5

0.4

Financial services a Computer and information services

3.4

1.7

3.4

1.5

0.8

1.9

Royalties and licence fees

7.2

7.5

7.2

6.0

8.3

7.3

28.0

24.1

28.1

10.0

15.4

12.1

1.9

…

1.9

1.0

…

1.2

Other business services Personal, cultural, and recreational services

a The service earnings of financial institutions are recorded net of their foreign expenses. Imports of financial services only cover imports by non-financial institutions.

68

5. Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS (transition economies) Table III.45

Table III.46

Merchandise trade of the Central and Eastern Europe,

Merchandise trade of the C./E. Europe, the Baltic States

the Baltic States and the CIS, 2000

and the CIS by region and by major product group, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage) Exports

Imports

Value

Value

271

242

Share in world merchandise trade

4.4

3.7

Annual percentage change

Share

Exports

Total

Exports

271

Imports

100.0

100.0

2.8

Region

Value 1980-85 a

0

-1

1985-90 a

3

5

1990-00

7

5

1998

-4

-1

1999

0

-12

2000

26

13

North America

12

4.2

Latin America

6

2.3

1.2

147

54.1

56.6

Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

72

26.6

31.5

Africa

3

1.0

0.5

Middle East

7

2.4

0.7

20

7.6

6.7

Asia

Product group

Volume 1990-00

5.5

4.0

Agricultural products

24

8.9

10.7

1998

6.0

5.5

Mining products

93

34.3

15.0

1999

-2.0

-9.0

Manufactures

147

54.2

72.0

2000

17.0

15.5

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat’s network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

Trade by region

a Includes the former German Democratic Republic.

Chart III.11

Chart III.12

Merchandise trade of the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS, 1990-00

Share of the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS in world merchandise trade, 1990-00

(Billion dollars)

(Percentage based on value data)

5

300

250 Imports

Imports Exports

Exports 4

200

150

3

100

50

2

0 90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

Note: New valuation in 1990 and change in area definition in 1992 and 1996.

00

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

Note: New valuation in 1990 and change in area definition in 1992 and 1996.

69

Table III.47

Merchandise exports of the C./E. Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS by major product group and main destination, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

Annual percentage change

2000

1996

2000

1997

1998

1999

2000

Central and Eastern Europe Total merchandise World

116.0

100.0

100.0

8

11

1

14

Western Europe

85.8

65.3

74.0

9

19

6

14

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

19.2

23.4

16.6

9

-4

-18

14

Manufactures World

95.2

100.0

100.0

10

16

1

14

Western Europe

73.0

67.7

76.7

12

24

6

14

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

13.5

21.0

14.1

10

-1

-19

13

Mining products World

9.6

100.0

100.0

3

-11

-2

31

Western Europe

6.5

66.5

68.3

3

-8

-2

31

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

2.4

25.4

25.5

5

-11

-4

33

Agricultural products World

9.6

100.0

100.0

3

-4

-10

1

Western Europe

5.4

53.0

56.3

-3

-1

3

-3

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

2.9

36.6

30.0

12

-10

-30

4

Baltic States Total merchandise World

8.9

100.0

100.0

23

3

-19

24

Western Europe

5.8

43.5

65.1

25

21

0

28

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

2.5

52.6

28.2

19

-13

-44

19

Trade by region

Manufactures World

5.7

100.0

100.0

21

6

-16

24

Western Europe

4.0

47.2

70.4

22

25

0

30

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1.3

48.1

23.6

18

-14

-44

15

Mining products World

1.3

100.0

100.0

33

-1

-25

61

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

0.6

73.3

50.2

31

-8

-41

55

Western Europe

0.5

25.5

42.3

35

8

0

81

6

Agricultural products World

1.8

100.0

100.0

24

0

-21

Western Europe

1.2

42.2

65.4

34

13

-1

9

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

0.5

54.7

26.9

14

-15

-46

-2

Commonwealth of Independent States Total merchandise World

146.1

100.0

100.0

1

-14

-1

38

Western Europe

55.1

33.1

37.7

7

-12

1

43

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

50.4

42.6

34.5

-1

-18

-14

38

Manufactures World

45.8

100.0

100.0

-2

-4

-9

23

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

19.2

49.2

41.8

-9

-10

-17

33

Western Europe

10.2

17.1

22.2

8

26

-16

20

Mining products World

82.2

100.0

100.0

4

-17

5

54

Western Europe

40.1

45.8

48.9

6

-18

9

58

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

25.5

39.8

31.0

7

-19

-11

44

Agricultural products World

12.7

100.0

100.0

-7

-19

-5

18

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

5.3

48.9

41.5

-12

-27

-12

29

Asia

3.4

19.4

26.6

6

-23

28

12

a The figures are affected by breaks in the continuity of the data series. See the Technical Notes.

70

Table III.48

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share 2000

1996

Annual percentage change 2000

1998

1999

2000

Exporters C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

271.0

100.0

100.0

-4

0

26

105.2

41.5

38.8

-15

1

39

Poland

31.7

11.4

11.7

3

-3

15

Czech Rep.

29.0

10.3

10.7

16

2

11

Hungary

28.1

7.4

10.4

20

9

12

Ukraine

14.6

6.7

5.4

-11

-8

26

Slovak Rep.

11.9

4.1

4.4

11

-4

16

Romania

10.4

3.8

3.8

-2

2

22

Kazakhstan

9.1

2.8

3.4

-16

3

64

Belarus

7.4

2.6

2.7

-3

-16

25

Bulgaria

4.7

2.3

1.7

-13

-8

20

241.6

100.0

100.0

-1

-12

13

Poland

48.9

16.1

20.3

11

-2

7

Russian Fed.

45.5

29.9

18.8

-19

-32

12

Czech Rep. a

32.2

12.0

13.3

6

0

15

Hungary

32.1

7.9

13.3

21

9

15

Ukraine

14.0

7.6

5.8

-14

-19

18

Romania

13.1

5.0

5.4

5

-12

26

Slovak Rep. a

12.7

4.8

5.2

12

-14

12

Belarus

8.5

3.0

3.5

-2

-22

27

Bulgaria

6.4

2.2

2.7

1

10

18

Lithuania

5.5

2.0

2.3

3

-17

13

Exports

116.0

39.4

42.8

11

1

14

Imports

146.4

48.5

60.6

11

-1

13

Exports

8.9

3.2

3.3

3

-13

24

Imports

12.9

4.4

5.3

8

-14

15

Exports

146.1

57.4

53.9

-14

-1

38

Imports

82.2

47.1

34.0

-15

-26

15

Russian Fed.

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Trade by region

Importers

Memorandum item: Central and Eastern Europe

Baltic States

CIS

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

71

Table III.49

Merchandise exports of selected Central and Eastern European countries by region, major trading partner, and major product group, 1998-00 (Million dollars and percentage) Origin Destination

Bulgaria

Czech Rep.

Slovak Rep.

Hungary

Poland a

Romania

Value Total

1998 1999 2000

4300 3935 4725

26350 26240 29000

10720 10275 11905

23005 25015 28090

28230 27405 31650

8300 8505 10365

Share in total Region and major trading partner North America

1998 1999 2000

3.2 4.4 4.6

2.5 2.7 3.0

1.4 1.6 1.6

4.8 5.3 5.4

3.0 3.1 3.7

4.6 4.0 4.0

Latin America

1998 1999 2000

1.4 1.0 0.8

0.7 0.5 0.6

0.5 0.6 0.5

0.8 0.5 0.6

1.0 1.2 1.2

1.7 1.0 0.8

Western Europe

1998 1999 2000

64.2 69.2 73.5

68.4 73.3 72.8

59.9 63.5 63.6

78.0 80.9 80.3

70.9 73.9 73.2

72.4 74.6 73.9

1998 1999 2000

50.4 52.1 51.2

64.2 69.2 68.6

55.6 59.4 59.1

72.9 76.2 75.2

68.3 70.5 70.0

64.5 65.5 63.8

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1998 1999 2000

17.2 13.1 10.1

24.0 19.5 19.1

36.4 31.8 31.9

13.0 9.8 9.7

20.9 17.1 17.3

9.2 9.8 11.5

Central and Eastern Europe

1998 1999 2000

4.8 4.1 3.9

19.2 16.4 15.9

31.7 28.9 29.2

8.1 6.8 7.2

7.1 7.8 8.0

5.0 6.6 7.7

Russian Fed.

1998 1999 2000

5.3 4.7 2.5

2.5 1.4 1.3

1.9 1.0 0.9

3.2 1.8 1.6

5.7 2.6 2.7

1.0 0.6 0.9

Africa

1998 1999 2000

3.0 2.8 1.6

0.7 0.6 0.5

0.4 0.5 0.5

0.6 0.4 0.4

1.1 1.4 1.2

4.4 3.8 3.6

Middle East

1998 1999 2000

3.1 2.8 2.4

1.3 1.2 1.3

0.5 0.5 0.4

0.8 0.8 0.7

1.3 0.7 1.0

5.3 4.1 3.3

Asia

1998 1999 2000

4.8 4.0 4.2

2.1 2.0 2.6

0.7 1.1 1.3

1.9 2.3 2.6

1.7 2.3 2.1

2.3 2.5 2.8

Agricultural products

1998 1999 2000

18.9 18.5 12.4

7.2 6.7 6.6

6.5 6.5 5.5

12.9 10.0 8.7

12.6 11.0 9.6

9.0 10.4 8.0

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

14.9 17.9 26.5

5.1 4.7 4.9

7.2 8.2 10.4

4.3 3.7 4.1

10.1 10.3 10.3

9.6 10.3 14.7

Manufactures

1998 1999 2000

62.1 60.2 59.9

87.3 88.1 88.1

86.0 84.8 83.6

82.7 86.3 87.2

77.1 78.6 80.0

80.6 78.3 76.7

Trade by region

European Union (15)

Major product group

a New arrangements in customs procedures beginning with 1998. See the Technical Notes.

72

Table III.50

Merchandise imports of selected Central and Eastern European countries by region, major trading partner and major product group, 1998-00 (Million dollars and percentage) Destination Origin

Bulgaria

Czech

Slovak

Rep. a

Rep. a

Hungary

Poland b

Romania

Value Total

1998

4960

28790

13075

25705

47055

11840

1999 2000

5470 6440

28075 32180

11265 12670

28010 32080

45910 48940

10395 13055

Share in total

North America

1998 1999 2000

4.2 3.7 3.2

4.1 4.4 4.7

3.2 2.8 2.2

4.3 3.7 4.1

4.3 4.0 4.8

4.8 3.8 3.4

Latin America

1998 1999 2000

4.1 3.6 5.8

0.8 0.7 0.9

0.6 0.6 0.5

1.6 1.7 1.3

1.4 1.2 1.3

2.1 1.9 2.3

Western Europe

1998 1999 2000

51.1 54.1 49.9

66.6 67.6 65.6

52.8 54.3 51.5

67.3 67.4 61.3

69.2 68.5 64.5

62.4 65.3 61.2

1998 1999 2000

45.2 48.4 44.1

63.3 64.2 61.9

50.1 51.7 49.0

64.1 64.4 58.5

66.0 65.0 61.2

57.7 60.4 56.6

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1998 1999 2000

30.4 29.5 36.1

18.9 17.4 19.4

36.2 35.7 39.0

14.2 13.5 16.1

12.9 14.0 18.3

20.4 18.1 21.5

Central and Eastern Europe

1998 1999 2000

5.2 6.0 8.3

12.2 11.4 11.3

23.5 22.0 20.1

6.5 6.6 7.0

6.0 6.2 6.6

8.8 8.5 8.5

Russian Fed.

1998 1999 2000

20.2 20.1 24.3

5.5 4.8 6.4

10.4 12.0 17.0

6.5 5.9 8.1

5.0 5.8 9.4

9.0 6.8 8.6

Africa

1998 1999 2000

1.0 1.6 0.5

0.6 0.6 0.7

0.3 0.3 0.3

0.5 0.4 0.4

1.1 0.9 0.6

0.7 0.8 0.6

Middle East

1998 1999 2000

2.6 0.9 0.3

0.4 0.4 0.3

0.2 0.2 0.2

0.3 0.3 0.3

0.4 0.5 0.4

2.0 1.3 1.0

Asia

1998 1999 2000

5.9 4.4 4.0

7.1 7.3 7.4

5.2 5.3 5.4

11.8 12.9 16.5

10.6 10.7 9.8

7.5 8.3 9.7

Agricultural products

1998 1999 2000

10.2 8.4 7.5

8.6 7.8 7.0

8.1 8.3 7.4

6.1 4.8 4.4

9.7 9.0 8.2

9.9 8.8 8.4

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

27.4 26.2 32.1

10.3 9.8 13.3

14.4 16.4 21.1

9.5 8.6 11.1

9.0 9.8 13.6

15.3 13.3 16.0

Manufactures

1998 1999 2000

60.1 63.9 58.7

81.0 82.3 79.7

77.3 75.2 71.4

84.3 86.6 84.4

80.2 81.0 77.9

72.8 77.0 75.2

European Union (15)

Trade by region

Region and major trading partner

Major product group

a Imports are valued f.o.b. b New arrangements in customs procedures beginning with 1998. See the Technical Notes.

73

Table III.51

Relative importance of inter-regional trade in the total merchandise trade of the Baltic States, 2000 (Million dollars and percentage) Exports

Imports

Value

World

All other countries

Baltic States

8850

1215

7635

Estonia

3175

315

Latvia

1865

240

Lithuania

3810

660

Baltic States

Value

All other countries

13.7

86.3

2860

9.9

90.1

1625

12.9

87.1

3150

17.3

82.7

World

Baltic States

Baltic States

Share All other countries

12900

960

11940

Estonia

4255

180

Latvia

3190

440

Lithuania

5455

340

Baltic States

All other countries

7.4

92.6

4075

4.2

95.8

2750

13.8

86.2

5115

6.2

93.8

Trade by region

Baltic States

Share

Table III.52

Relative importance of inter-regional trade in the total merchandise trade of the CIS, 2000 (Million dollars and percentage) Exports

Imports

Value

World

CIS Armenia

All other countries

CIS

29710

CIS

Value

All other countries

116430

20.3

79.7

CIS

Share All other countries

World

CIS

82205

33525

CIS

All other countries

48680

40.8

59.2

300

75

225

25.0

75.0

Armenia

885

165

720

18.6

81.4

Azerbaijan

1750

235

1515

13.4

86.6

Azerbaijan

1390

375

1015

27.0

73.0

Belarus

7380

4465

2915

60.5

39.5

Belarus

8485

6015

2470

70.9

29.1

Georgia

330

135

195

40.9

59.1

Georgia

725

250

475

34.5

65.5

Kazakhstan

9140

2340

6800

25.6

74.4

Kazakhstan

5050

2535

2515

50.2

49.8

Kyrgyz Rep.

505

205

300

40.6

59.4

Kyrgyz Rep.

555

300

255

54.1

45.9

Moldova, Rep. of

470

275

195

58.5

41.5

Moldova, Rep. of

775

245

530

31.6

68.4

105200

14600

90600

13.9

86.1

Russian Fed.

45500

13695

31805

30.1

69.9

780

370

410

47.4

52.6

Tajikistan

675

560

115

83.0

17.0

2700

1500

1200

55.6

44.4

Turkmenistan

1400

460

940

32.9

67.1

14575

4490

10085

30.8

69.2

Ukraine

13955

8025

5930

57.5

42.5

3010

1020

1990

33.9

66.1

Uzbekistan

2810

900

1910

32.0

68.0

Russian Fed. Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan

74

146140

Share

Table III.53

Merchandise exports of selected economies to the CIS, 1998-00 (Million dollars)

Destination

European Union (15) 1998

Commonwealth of Independent States

1999

Central and Eastern Europe 2000

1998

1999

Turkey 2000

1998

21450

24769

6645

4005

4415

Armenia

175

180

193

31

25

19

0

0

0

Azerbaijan

360

222

269

71

45

51

325

248

230

Belarus

1277

1042

999

377

328

378

8

5

12

Georgia

303

175

230

171

115

114

161

114

131

Kazakhstan

1374

1011

1116

204

117

135

213

97

116

Kyrgyz Rep.

93

76

48

10

6

7

41

23

20

Moldova, Rep. of

Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan

Commonwealth of Independent States Armenia

1636

320

262

295

283

187

232

28

21

26

22795

15083

17821

3520

1885

2015

1348

589

639

46

33

33

16

15

3

10

5

4

177

218

148

13

17

31

96

107

119

3783

2626

3169

1873

1198

1364

274

226

256

655

522

446

77

67

64

156

99

82

Origin Destination

1533

2000

31358

Russian Fed.

2659

1999

United States 1998

1999

4625

2844

Japan 2000

3118

1998

1222

China

1999

2000

1998

1999

2000

755

792

2400

2233

3183 1

51

50

56

2

1

2

1

12

123

55

210

19

36

8

1

1

2

Belarus

30

26

31

11

4

3

6

5

41

Georgia

137

83

110

3

7

4

6

2

2

Kazakhstan

103

179

124

53

61

69

205

494

599

Kyrgyz Rep.

21

21

23

1

6

4

172

103

110

Azerbaijan

Moldova, Rep. of

21

11

27

1

3

1

0

0

0

3585

1845

2092

978

480

570

1840

1497

2233

Tajikistan

12

13

12

5

3

1

11

2

7

Turkmenistan

28

18

84

8

14

56

10

7

12

Ukraine

368

204

191

74

54

51

90

81

136

Uzbekistan

147

339

158

67

86

25

57

27

39

Russian Fed.

Trade by region

Origin

75

Table III.54

Merchandise imports of selected economies from the CIS, 1998-00 (Million dollars) Destination Origin

European Union (15) 1998

Commonwealth of Independent States

27506

28719

41348

1998

11230

1999

10680

2000

16700

1998

3724

1999

3734

2000

5682

72

93

113

1

0

0

0

0

0

Azerbaijan

60

484

919

5

19

10

50

44

96

Belarus

532

570

679

300

181

309

21

21

18

Georgia

69

117

280

4

6

4

91

93

155

Kazakhstan

1052

1750

2917

88

227

516

254

296

346

Kyrgyz Rep.

211

134

123

15

65

8

7

3

2

Moldova, Rep. of

133

145

180

75

13

54

12

11

7

22306

22615

32951

9080

8840

14145

2155

2374

3880

95

57

48

20

39

43

8

4

16

Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan

138

264

201

26

26

26

42

67

98

2309

2076

2506

1433

1127

1499

989

774

977

529

414

433

182

136

86

96

47

86

Destination Origin

Commonwealth of Independent States Armenia

Trade by region

2000

Turkey

Armenia

Russian Fed.

Azerbaijan Belarus Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyz Rep. Moldova, Rep. of Russian Fed. Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan

76

1999

Central and Eastern Europe

United States 1998

1999

Japan 2000

1998

China

1999

2000

1998

1999

2000

7112

7165

9629

3142

4020

4917

4338

5282

7367

17

16

24

6

1

0

0

0

4

5

28

22

0

0

1

0

0

4

113

100

107

10

6

8

11

21

73

15

19

33

1

1

2

2

1

2

178

240

443

120

87

91

431

644

958 67

0

1

2

1

1

1

26

32

120

98

109

0

0

0

1

0

8

6008

6017

7908

2892

3767

4579

3641

4223

5770

33

24

9

0

0

1

8

6

10

3

9

29

0

0

1

2

2

4

585

586

901

73

124

154

185

340

455

35

27

43

40

34

79

32

13

12

6. Africa Table III.55

Table III.56

Merchandise trade of Africa, 2000

Merchandise trade of Africa by region and by major product group, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage) Exports

Value

Imports

Value

145

137

Share in world merchandise trade

2.3

2.1

Exports

Total a

Annual percentage change

Share Exports

Imports

145

100.0

100.0

North America

26

18.3

10.0

Latin America

4

3.1

2.6

72

49.6

49.0

1

0.8

2.3

11

7.6

9.1

Region

Africa 1980-85 1985-90 1990-00 1998 1999 2000

-8 5 3 -17 10 27

-6 6 4 1 -3 7

Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa

South Africa 1980-85 1985-90 1990-00 1998 1999 2000

-9 8 3 -9 1 12

-10 10 5 -9 -9 11

Middle East Asia

-6 6 3 4 -1 5

8.6 18.4

Agricultural products

19

12.9

15.1

Mining products

86

59.7

13.9

Manufactures

36

24.6

68.4

a Includes significant exports of unspecified products. Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat’s network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

Trade by region

-7 4 3 -18 12 31

1.5 17.1

Product group

Other Africa 1980-85 1985-90 1990-00 1998 1999 2000

2 25

Chart III.13

Chart III.14

Merchandise trade of Africa, 1990-00

Share of Africa in world merchandise trade, 1990-00

(Billion dollars)

(Percentage based on value data)

160

5

140 4 120 Exports

Exports

100

3 Imports

80

Imports 2

60

40 1 20

0

0 90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

77

Table III.57

Merchandise exports of Africa by major product group and main destination, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

Total merchandise a World

144.7

100.0

100.0

3

-17

10

27

Western Europe

71.8

57.5

49.6

2

-11

4

24

North America

26.4

15.2

18.3

5

-21

6

58

Asia

24.8

7.7

17.1

12

-28

34

27

Mining products World

86.5

100.0

100.0

5

-28

24

55

Western Europe

38.4

61.5

44.4

1

-26

14

55

North America

21.7

24.7

25.1

5

-28

9

72

Asia

15.8

5.9

18.3

17

-36

68

51

35.6

100.0

100.0

6

-2

1

13

21.1

62.1

59.3

5

3

3

12

Africa

5.2

11.6

14.7

8

-7

-6

8

North America

3.7

5.9

10.4

12

12

0

24

18.6

100.0

100.0

1

0

-5

-17

10.4

61.1

56.0

0

4

-8

-12

Asia

3.4

15.1

18.2

3

-12

4

-12

Africa

1.8

11.8

9.7

-1

-7

-7

-25

Manufactures World Western Europe

Agricultural products World Western Europe

Trade by region

a Includes significant exports of unspecified products.

Table III.58

Merchandise exports of Africa by destination, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

2000

World Western Europe

100.0

2000

100.0

1990-00

3

1998

1999

2000

-17

10

27

71.8

57.5

49.6

2

-11

4

24

67.6

52.1

46.7

2

-11

5

25

North America

26.4

15.2

18.3

5

-21

6

58

Asia

24.8

7.7

17.1

12

-28

34

27

Japan

4.0

3.0

2.7

3

-20

-1

21

Other

20.8

4.7

14.4

15

-30

44

28

11.0

5.9

7.6

6

-12

3

12

4.4

1.5

3.1

11

-14

19

34

European Union (15)

Intra-Africa Latin America Middle East

2.1

1.5

1.5

3

-10

4

4

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1.2

2.2

0.8

-7

-3

-13

-14

130.7

85.6

90.3

4

-16

9

30

Inter-regional trade

78

144.7

1990

Annual percentage change

Table III.59

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Africa, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value 2000

Share 1980

1990

Annual percentage change 1995

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

-17

10

2000

Exporters Africa

144.7

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

3

27

South Africa a

30.0

21.1

22.6

26.0

20.7

3

-9

1

12

Nigeria

20.1

21.5

13.1

10.9

13.9

4

-36

32

57

Algeria

19.6

11.5

12.4

9.6

13.5

4

-29

27

56

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

14.2

18.1

13.3

8.4

9.8

0

-31

16

84

Angola

7.9

1.6

3.8

3.4

5.4

7

-29

46

52

Morocco

7.4

2.1

4.1

4.4

5.1

6

2

3

1

Tunisia

5.9

1.8

3.4

5.1

4.0

5

3

2

0

Egypt

4.7

2.5

2.5

3.2

3.2

6

-20

14

32

Côte d'Ivoire

4.0

2.6

3.0

3.4

2.8

3

3

-1

-11

Gabon

3.4

1.8

2.1

2.5

2.3

4

-37

25

40

Botswana

2.7

0.4

1.7

2.0

1.8

4

-31

36

1

Congo

2.5

0.8

0.9

1.1

1.7

10

-12

6

60

Cameroon

1.9

1.1

1.9

1.5

1.3

-1

-10

-4

17

Sudan

1.8

0.4

0.4

0.5

1.2

17

0

31

132

Kenya

1.7

1.0

1.0

1.8

1.2

5

-2

-13

-1

137.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

4

1

-3

7

Africa South Africa a

29.7

20.2

19.4

24.4

21.7

5

-9

-9

11

Egypt

14.0

5.0

9.7

9.4

10.2

4

22

-1

-13

Nigeria

12.9

17.2

5.9

7.4

9.4

9

-3

4

24

Morocco

11.5

4.3

7.2

6.8

8.4

5

8

-4

16

Algeria

9.2

10.9

10.3

8.2

6.7

-1

8

-3

0

Tunisia

8.6

3.7

5.8

6.3

6.2

4

6

1

1

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

7.7

7.0

5.6

4.3

5.7

4

-11

-21

80

Angola

3.4

1.4

1.7

1.4

2.5

8

-9

50

7

Kenya

3.1

2.2

2.2

2.4

2.3

4

-3

-11

10

Côte d'Ivoire

3.1

3.1

2.2

2.4

2.3

4

8

9

-5

Ghana

3.1

1.2

1.3

1.5

2.2

10

10

37

-12

Botswana

2.2

0.7

2.1

1.5

1.6

1

6

-8

2

Mauritius

2.1

0.6

1.7

1.6

1.5

3

-5

8

-7

Uganda

1.7

0.3

0.2

0.8

1.2

23

7

-5

23

Zimbabwe

1.7

1.5

1.9

2.1

1.2

-1

-13

-21

-22

Trade by region

Importers

a Beginning with 1998, figures refer to South Africa only and no longer to the Southern African Customs Union. Note: Recent figures for a number of traders in the region have been estimated by the Secretariat.

79

Table III.60

Merchandise exports of the European Union to developing countries in Africa by product, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

2000

1990

Annual percentage change 2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

Total merchandise exports

45.1

100.0

100.0

0

6

-6

-1

Manufactures

34.8

79.0

77.2

0

5

-4

-3 -1

Machinery and transport equipment

18.1

41.4

40.2

0

6

-2

Power generating machinery

1.1

1.7

2.4

4

30

-6

6

Other non-electrical machinery

6.1

15.5

13.6

-1

4

-5

-12

Office and telecom equipment

3.5

4.6

7.8

6

26

13

14

Electrical machinery and apparatus

2.4

4.2

5.3

3

10

1

-6

Automotive products

3.3

9.8

7.4

-3

2

-4

-2

Other transport equipment

1.7

5.6

3.8

-4

-18

-11

21

Chemicals

5.3

11.6

11.7

0

6

-5

-5

Other semi-manufactures

3.4

8.9

7.5

-1

1

-5

-7

Textiles

3.1

5.1

6.9

3

12

-3

-5

Iron and steel

1.1

4.5

2.4

-6

1

-32

2

6.7

15.6

14.9

0

8

-14

2

5.9

13.7

13.0

0

10

-13

2

2.7

4.0

5.9

4

-5

-4

49

2.1

2.6

4.7

7

-12

0

69

Agricultural products Food

Mining products Fuels

Trade by region

Note: The European Union accounted for 48 per cent of developing Africa’s merchandise imports in 2000. Developing Africa is defined as Africa less South Africa.

Table III.61

Merchandise imports of the European Union from developing countries in Africa by product, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value 2000

Share 1990

Annual percentage change 2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

Total merchandise imports

58.4

100.0

100.0

1

-10

-2

27

Mining products

33.8

62.3

57.8

0

-25

10

63

31.9

55.5

54.7

1

-27

12

68

Ores and other minerals

1.2

3.1

2.0

-3

0

-3

-2

Non-ferrous metals

0.7

3.7

1.1

-10

-5

-12

9

14.6

16.9

25.0

5

4

-1

2

Fuels

Manufactures Clothing

6.5

6.3

11.2

7

10

-1

1

Other semi-manufactures

2.8

3.8

4.8

3

-16

9

0

Agricultural products

9.9

17.8

17.0

1

5

-7

-9

Food

7.6

13.0

13.0

1

5

-5

-11

Raw materials

2.3

4.8

3.9

-1

5

-13

2

Note: The European Union accounted for 48 per cent of developing Africa’s merchandise exports in 2000. Developing Africa is defined as Africa less South Africa.

80

7. Middle East Table III.62

Table III.63

Merchandise trade of the Middle East, 2000

Merchandise trade of the Middle East by region and by major product group, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage) Exports

Value

Imports

Share

Exports

Value

263

Share in world merchandise trade

171

4.2

Total North America Latin America Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia

Annual percentage change -3

1985-90

6

2

1990-00

7

6

1998

-21

-1

1999

28

1

2000

46

14

263

100.0

100.0

41 3 48 2 10 17 126

15.7 1.2 18.2 0.6 3.9 6.3 47.9

13.5 1.9 39.6 4.3 1.4 11.0 28.2

6 196 57

2.4 74.7 21.7

13.1 8.8 74.6

Product group Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat’s network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

Trade by region

-14

Imports

Region

2.6

1980-85

Exports

Chart III.15

Chart III.16

Merchandise trade of the Middle East, 1990-00

Share of the Middle East in world merchandise trade, 1990-00

(Billion dollars)

(Percentage based on value data)

280

5 Exports

240 4 200

Exports 3

160

Imports 120

2

Imports 80

1 40

0

0 90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

81

Table III.64

Merchandise exports of the Middle East by major product group and main destination, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

World

262.6

100.0

100.0

7

-21

28

46

Asia

125.7

39.8

47.9

9

-31

29

62

Western Europe

47.9

26.9

18.2

3

-11

11

35

North America

41.3

14.0

15.7

8

-6

36

55

Middle East

16.6

6.3

6.3

7

-10

7

30

World

196.0

100.0

100.0

6

-29

35

58

Asia

113.4

45.3

57.9

9

-31

29

67

Western Europe

29.7

25.0

15.1

1

-21

17

47

North America

24.6

14.1

12.6

5

-21

56

70

World

57.0

100.0

100.0

11

2

15

24

Western Europe

16.0

32.5

28.1

9

9

4

24

North America

15.3

16.4

26.9

17

18

15

40

Asia

10.2

19.6

17.9

10

-23

27

29

7.8

18.3

13.7

8

3

5

24

6.4

100.0

100.0

4

-11

9

-8

Total merchandise

Mining products

Manufactures

Middle East

Agriculture

Trade by region

World

Table III.65

Merchandise exports of the Middle East by destination, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

2000

World

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

262.6

100.0

100.0

7

-21

28

46

125.7

39.8

47.9

9

-31

29

62

Japan

46.0

20.9

17.5

5

-32

21

63

Other

79.8

18.9

30.4

12

-29

34

62

47.9

26.9

18.2

3

-11

11

35

44.0

24.0

16.8

3

-9

12

36

North America

41.3

14.0

15.7

8

-6

36

55

Intra-Middle East

16.6

6.3

6.3

7

-10

7

30

Africa

Asia

Western Europe European Union (15)

10.3

3.1

3.9

10

-5

15

45

Latin America

3.2

3.7

1.2

-4

-25

-4

40

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1.6

2.5

0.6

-8

-14

-16

-1

230.0

90.1

87.6

7

-21

23

53

Inter-regional trade

82

1990

Annual percentage change

Table III.66

Imports of fuels of selected regions and economies from the Middle East, 1990 and 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Annual percentage change

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

67

North America

16.7

24.9

4

-24

51

United States

16.0

23.7

4

-21

52

64

0.7

1.1

5

-58

8

168

28.5

30.6

1

-22

14

55

25.5

28.2

1

-20

15

55

France

5.6

6.8

2

-20

12

62

Italy

4.5

6.4

4

-30

18

76

Netherlands b

4.6

3.8

-2

-29

31

…

Germany

2.8

2.7

0

-24

35

66

2.5

2.2

-1

-42

17

59

50.1

117.5

9

-30

27

67

29.4

47.5

5

-34

20

66

Korea, Rep. of

4.8

24.4

18

-34

28

84

Singapore

6.3

10.5

5

-37

20

46

India b

2.7

8.5

12

33

76

…

Thailand b

1.1

3.6

13

-30

29

…

Taipei, Chinese b

2.8

3.1

1

-32

44

…

Canada a

Western Europe European Union (15)

Turkey

Asia Japan

a Imports are valued f.o.b. b 1999 instead of 2000.

Table III.67 Trade by region

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in the Middle East, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value 2000

Share 1980

1990

Annual percentage change 1995

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

Exporters Middle East

262.6

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

7

-21

28

46

Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Israel Iran, Islamic Rep. of Kuwait

84.1 39.9 31.3 30.0 19.5

50.9 10.2 2.6 6.6 9.2

33.1 15.5 9.0 12.6 5.3

34.4 15.3 13.1 11.5 9.5

32.0 15.2 11.9 11.4 7.4

7 7 10 6 11

-36 -9 2 -29 -33

31 15 12 50 28

66 29 21 52 60

Iraq Oman Qatar Bahrain Syrian Arab Republic

19.3 11.3 9.4 5.7 4.3

12.3 1.7 2.6 1.7 1.0

9.2 4.1 2.9 2.8 3.1

0.3 4.2 2.5 2.8 2.4

7.3 4.3 3.6 2.2 1.6

5 7 9 4 0

51 -28 -10 -25 -26

73 31 43 25 20

61 57 30 40 23

171.2

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

6

-1

1

14

38.1 31.9 30.3 15.2 13.7

9.5 8.5 29.3 11.9 13.6

16.9 11.3 24.3 15.8 7.7

22.6 16.1 21.5 8.6 0.6

22.3 18.6 17.7 8.9 8.0

9 11 2 0 6

-5 -4 4 1 3

13 6 -7 -11 94

15 4 8 20 61

7.6 6.2 5.0 4.6 4.5

6.4 3.6 1.7 3.4 2.3

4.0 2.6 2.7 3.7 2.6

6.0 5.6 3.2 2.8 2.8

4.5 3.6 2.9 2.7 2.7

7 9 7 2 6

5 -5 13 -11 -7

-12 -12 -18 1 -3

0 0 8 29 22

Importers Middle East Israel United Arab Emirates Saudi Arabia Iran, Islamic Rep. of Iraq Kuwait Lebanon Oman Bahrain Jordan

Note: Recent figures for a number of significant traders in the region have been estimated by the Secretariat.

83

8. Asia Table III.68

Table III.69

Merchandise trade of Asia, 2000

Merchandise trade of Asia by region and by major product group, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage) Exports

Value

Imports

Value

1649

1481

Share in world merchandise trade

26.7

22.8

Share

Exports

Total

Exports

Imports

1649

100.0

100.0

North America

423

25.6

16.0

Latin America

41

2.5

1.5

278

16.8

13.9

Annual percentage change Region

Value 1980-85

5

2

1985-90

13

14

1990-00

8

8

1998

-6

-18

1999

7

10

2000

18

23

1980-85

7.5

5.5

1985-90

8.0

12.0

Volume

Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

15

0.9

1.4

Africa

22

1.3

1.7

Middle East

42

2.6

8.8

807

48.9

56.5

Agricultural products

107

6.5

9.4

Mining products

116

7.0

17.7

1389

84.2

70.5

Asia

Product group

1990-00

8.1

7.6

1998

3.3

-8.4

6.9

9.2

2000

16.1

15.3

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat’s network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

Trade by region

1999

Manufactures

Chart III.17

Chart III.18

Merchandise trade of Asia, 1990-00

Share of Asia in world merchandise trade, 1990-00

(Billion dollars)

(Percentage based on value data)

1800

30

1600

Exports

1400

25

1200 Exports

Imports

1000

Imports 20

800

600 15

400

200

10

0 90

84

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

Table III.70

Merchandise exports of Asia by main product group and main destination, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in total merchandise

Value

Share in product group

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

Total merchandise 1649.2

100.0

100.0

-

-

8

7

18

Intra-Asia

World

807.0

42.1

48.9

-

-

10

12

25

Japan

159.3

10.4

9.7

-

-

8

13

28

Other

647.7

31.7

39.3

-

-

11

12

24

North America

422.7

28.3

25.6

-

-

7

8

15

Western Europe

277.6

20.0

16.8

-

-

6

1

10

All other regions

121.4

8.1

7.4

-

-

7

-7

15

Manufactures 1389.3

79.1

84.2

100.0

100.0

9

9

18

Intra-Asia

World

626.0

28.5

38.0

36.0

45.1

12

14

25

Japan

106.3

4.3

6.4

5.5

7.7

13

18

29

Other

519.7

24.1

31.5

30.5

37.4

11

13

24

North America

396.0

26.1

24.0

33.0

28.5

7

9

15

Western Europe

249.4

17.4

15.1

22.0

18.0

7

4

11

All other regions

103.1

6.2

6.3

7.8

7.4

8

-6

15

107.2

9.7

6.5

100.0

100.0

4

-1

11

67.2

5.5

4.1

56.8

62.7

5

2

14

World Intra-Asia Japan

20.3

2.3

1.2

23.2

18.9

2

4

4

Other

46.9

3.3

2.8

33.6

43.8

7

1

18

14.8

1.7

0.9

17.2

13.9

2

-9

-1

Western Europe North America

13.9

1.1

0.8

11.4

13.0

5

2

12

All other regions

11.2

1.4

0.7

14.3

10.4

1

-9

9

115.9

8.9

7.0

100.0

100.0

6

10

32

Trade by region

Agricultural products

Mining products World Intra-Asia

95.8

7.1

5.8

79.7

82.6

6

12

33

Japan

31.8

3.6

1.9

40.6

27.4

2

6

43

Other

64.0

3.5

3.9

39.1

55.2

10

16

29

Western Europe

7.1

0.6

0.4

6.9

6.2

5

-7

19

North America

6.7

0.8

0.4

8.9

5.8

1

1

19

All other regions

4.1

0.3

0.2

2.8

3.5

8

5

32

85

Table III.71

Merchandise exports of Asia by product, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in exports of Asia

Value 2000

Total merchandise exports Agricultural products

1990

Share in world exports

2000

1990

Annual percentage change

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

1649.2

100.0

100.0

21.8

26.7

8

-6

7

18 11

107.2

9.7

6.5

17.4

19.2

4

-12

-1

Food

82.6

6.8

5.0

16.0

18.7

5

-9

-1

9

Raw materials

24.6

2.9

1.5

21.7

21.2

1

-21

-1

17

32

Mining products

115.9

8.9

7.0

13.6

14.3

6

-16

10

Ores and other minerals

14.6

1.5

0.9

20.6

23.4

3

-8

-5

18

Fuels

79.4

6.2

4.8

12.8

12.6

6

-21

15

39

Non-ferrous metals

21.9

1.3

1.3

12.9

18.2

9

-6

7

19

Manufactures

1389.3

79.1

84.2

24.5

30.0

9

-5

9

18

Iron and steel

35.2

2.8

2.1

19.5

24.5

5

-3

-10

20

Chemicals

98.8

4.6

6.0

11.4

17.2

11

-7

12

17

Other semi-manufactures

94.5

6.2

5.7

17.4

21.1

8

-8

8

14

832.1

43.2

50.5

26.3

32.4

10

-5

11

20

Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products

112.7

9.7

6.8

22.4

19.7

5

-4

9

8

Office and telecom equipment

447.7

18.6

27.1

45.9

47.6

13

-4

14

23

Other machinery and transport equipment

271.7

15.0

16.5

18.6

25.8

9

-6

7

20

Textiles

71.4

5.0

4.3

35.3

45.4

7

-11

3

15

Clothing

89.4

6.4

5.4

43.6

44.9

7

0

1

13

167.8

11.0

10.2

27.1

31.0

8

-4

10

15

Trade by region

Other consumer goods

Table III.72

Merchandise exports of Asia by destination, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

1649.2

100.0

100.0

8

-6

7

18

807.0

42.1

48.9

10

-17

12

25

159.3 39.8 107.7 500.2

10.4 2.7 3.3 25.7

9.7 2.4 6.5 30.3

8 7 16 10

-16 -2 -9 -20

13 10 8 13

28 4 29 25

North America

422.7

28.3

25.6

7

4

8

15

Western Europe European Union (15)

277.6 260.2

20.0 18.6

16.8 15.8

6 7

8 7

1 4

10 10

Middle East

42.5

2.9

2.6

7

11

-7

14

Latin America

41.5

1.8

2.5

12

4

-9

21

Africa South Africa Other Africa

22.1 6.6 15.5

1.5 0.2 1.2

1.3 0.4 0.9

7 14 6

6 -2 9

-1 -10 2

4 12 1

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS C./E. Europe Russian Fed.

15.3 7.1 5.7

1.9 0.4 -

0.9 0.4 0.3

1 10 -

-10 0 -

-11 -1 -26

20 13 32

821.6

56.4

49.8

7

5

3

13

World Intra-Asia Japan Australia and New Zealand China Other

Inter-regional trade

86

Share

Table III.73

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Asia, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Annual percentage change Value

Share

Value

Volume

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

1649.2

100.0

100.0

8

-6

7

18

8.1

3.3

6.9

16.1

Japan China Hong Kong, China domestic exports re-exports Korea, Rep. of Taipei, Chinese

479.2 249.3 202.4 23.7 178.8 172.3 148.3

38.9 8.4 3.9 8.8 9.1

29.1 15.1 1.4 10.4 9.0

5 15 9 -2 13 10 8

-8 0 -7 -10 -7 -3 -9

8 6 0 -9 1 9 10

14 28 16 6 18 20 22

3.0 … 9.8 -1.9 13.3 15.7 6.0

-1.4 … -4.3 -7.9 -3.7 16.9 1.1

2.2 … 3.6 -7.3 5.4 12.0 4.9

9.4 … 17.0 7.6 18.4 21.3 10.0

Singapore domestic exports re-exports Malaysia Thailand Australia Indonesia

137.9 78.9 59.1 98.2 69.1 63.9 62.1

7.1 4.7 2.4 4.0 3.1 5.4 3.5

8.4 4.8 3.6 6.0 4.2 3.9 3.8

10 9 13 13 12 5 9

-12 -12 -12 -7 -5 -11 -9

4 8 -1 15 7 0 0

20 15 28 16 18 14 28

11.5 10.4 13.3 14.2 11.2 7.6 10.1

0.9 0.7 -0.6 3.9 7.8 -1.0 17.2

5.6 8.1 1.6 19.9 12.0 5.2 -1.4

15.8 10.2 26.7 19.5 21.9 9.6 24.2

42.3 39.8 14.5 13.3 9.2

2.4 1.1 0.3 1.3 0.8

2.6 2.4 0.9 0.8 0.6

9 17 20 3 5

-4 18 2 -15 -3

9 24 23 3 0

16 9 25 7 8

… 17.8 … 4.6 …

… 24.8 … -0.3 …

… 24.2 … 1.6 …

… 13.2 … 5.7 …

Exporters

Asia

India Philippines Viet Nam New Zealand Pakistan

Asia

1481.3

100.0

100.0

8

-18

10

23

7.6

-8.4

9.2

15.3

Japan China Hong Kong, China retained imports Korea, Rep. of Taipei, Chinese

379.5 225.1 214.2 35.4 160.5 140.0

33.2 7.5 4.4 9.9 7.7

25.6 15.2 2.4 10.8 9.5

5 15 10 1 9 10

-17 -1 -12 -30 -35 -8

11 18 -3 -21 28 6

22 36 19 24 34 26

5.3 … 10.1 … 9.7 7.8

-5.3 … -7.1 … -21.0 4.1

9.5 … 0.2 … 26.1 3.7

10.9 … 18.1 … 19.0 10.0

Singapore retained imports Malaysia Australia Thailand India

134.5 75.6 82.2 71.5 61.9 50.5

8.6 6.1 4.1 5.9 4.7 3.3

9.1 5.1 5.5 4.8 4.2 3.4

8 6 11 5 6 8

-23 -31 -26 -2 -32 4

9 18 11 7 17 4

21 16 27 3 23 12

8.4 … 12.0 7.6 4.4 …

-12.9 … -21.2 6.9 -27.2 …

9.5 … 13.5 6.5 23.6 …

14.8 … 24.6 5.3 21.5 …

33.8 33.5 15.6 13.9 11.0

1.8 3.1 0.4 1.3 1.1

2.3 2.3 1.1 0.9 0.7

10 4 19 4 4

-18 -34 -1 -14 -20

3 -12 1 14 10

4 40 35 -3 7

10.0 4.2 … 4.6 …

-13.9 -30.8 … 2.4 …

3.3 -11.3 … 13.4 …

-0.3 37.0 … -2.7 …

Philippines Indonesia Viet Nam New Zealand Pakistan

Trade by region

Importers

Memorandum item:

ASEAN (10) Exports

427.4

19.5

25.9

11

-7

9

19

…

…

…

…

Imports

366.8

23.0

24.8

8

-25

8

23

…

…

…

…

SAPTA (7) Exports

64.1

3.7

3.9

9

-1

6

16

…

…

…

…

Imports

78.9

5.4

5.3

7

-2

6

11

…

…

…

…

87

Table III.74

Merchandise trade of Japan by region and economy, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports Destination Value

Imports Annual percentage change

Share

Origin Value

2000

1990

2000

1999

2000

479.25

100.0

100.0

8

14

Region World

2000

1990

2000

1999

2000

World

379.66

100.0

100.0

11

22 27

Region

Asia

207.49

34.2

43.3

15

25

Asia

176.13

35.1

46.4

15

151.66

34.1

31.6

8

11

North America

81.31

26.1

21.4

0

8

Western Europe

83.42

22.2

17.4

3

5

Western Europe

51.66

18.2

13.6

10

8

Latin America

13.22

3.3

2.8

-18

15

Middle East

49.25

13.3

13.0

19

62

Middle East

9.98

3.2

2.1

-20

-2

Latin America

10.60

4.0

2.8

4

14

Africa C./E. Europe/

4.21

1.9

0.9

-6

-7

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

5.78

1.7

1.5

23

25

2.52

1.1

0.5

-16

25

Africa

4.93

1.6

1.3

4

22

143.98

31.7

30.0

8

11

United States

72.51

22.5

19.1

0

7

78.41

20.4

16.4

4

5

China

55.10

5.1

14.5

16

29

Economy United States European Union (15)

Economy

China

42.62

2.1

8.9

9

25

European Union (15)

46.80

16.0

12.3

9

9

Taipei, Chinese

35.94

5.4

7.5

12

25

Korea, Rep. of

20.45

5.0

5.4

33

28

Korea, Rep. of

30.70

6.1

6.4

49

34

Taipei, Chinese

17.90

3.6

4.7

25

40

212.75

52.2

56.0

10

17

16.38

5.4

4.3

16

30

Above 5

Trade by region

Share

North America

Baltic States/CIS

331.66

65.7

69.2

10

14

Singapore

20.82

3.7

4.3

10

28

Hong Kong, China

14.94

4.6

3.1

-1

33

United Arab Emirates

14.84

3.9

3.9

6

69

Malaysia

13.89

1.9

2.9

19

25

Australia

14.80

5.3

3.9

-2

16

Above 5 Indonesia

Thailand

13.63

3.2

2.8

20

21

Malaysia

14.49

2.3

3.8

26

33

Philippines

10.26

0.9

2.1

20

17

Saudi Arabia

14.20

4.5

3.7

16

71

Australia

8.57

2.4

1.8

5

1

Thailand

10.59

1.8

2.8

8

20

Indonesia

7.59

1.8

1.6

13

57

Canada

8.70

3.6

2.3

3

10

Canada

7.48

2.3

1.6

9

8

Philippines

7.20

0.9

1.9

20

36

Panama

6.45

1.0

1.3

11

-6

Singapore

6.43

1.5

1.7

15

18

Mexico

5.21

0.8

1.1

4

19

Qatar

5.86

0.9

1.5

23

70

Saudi Arabia

3.09

1.2

0.6

-17

-7

Iran, Islamic Rep. of

5.36

1.5

1.4

28

71

United Arab Emirates

2.53

0.5

0.5

-12

0

Kuwait

4.99

0.7

1.3

29

66

Brazil

2.52

0.4

0.5

-22

23

Russian Fed.

4.58

0.0

1.2

30

22

India

2.49

0.6

0.5

0

3

Switzerland

3.29

1.7

0.9

12

-2

Switzerland

2.09

1.0

0.4

-2

-3

South Africa

3.00

-

0.8

-3

31

Viet Nam

1.98

0.1

0.4

22

21

Brazil

3.00

1.4

0.8

-8

12

South Africa

1.89

0.5

0.4

-9

15

Chile

2.84

0.7

0.7

5

13

Israel

1.28

0.2

0.3

2

20

Viet Nam

2.64

0.3

0.7

12

35

New Zealand

1.26

0.4

0.3

27

-15

India

2.64

0.9

0.7

3

17

Turkey

1.21

0.3

0.3

-46

33

Mexico

2.39

0.8

0.6

34

44

Norway

0.99

0.3

0.2

-4

-20

New Zealand

2.19

0.7

0.6

-2

15

Hungary

0.85

0.0

0.2

12

31

Oman

2.04

0.8

0.5

54

20

Oman

0.74

0.1

0.2

-15

11

Hong Kong, China

1.67

0.9

0.4

3

-7

Egypt

0.73

0.2

0.2

-12

-23

Brunei Darussalam

1.65

0.5

0.4

2

57

Liberia

0.73

0.4

0.2

-12

-9

Norway

1.18

0.3

0.3

28

-10

464.87

94.6

97.0

-

-

Above 30

369.70

94.3

97.4

-

-

Above 30

88

Annual percentage change

Table III.75

Merchandise exports of the United States, the European Union and Japan to China by major product, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in economy’s

Value

total merchandise

total exports by

Annual percentage

exports

product group

change

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

16.2

100.0

100.0

1.2

2.1

13

11

-8

23

2.4

24.4

14.7

2.0

3.3

7

-17

-25

87

1.5

11.2

9.4

1.3

2.8

11

11

-31

98

1.0

2.7

6.4

0.5

3.7

23

-23

26

77

12.6

71.9

77.6

1.2

1.9

14

19

-7

14

Chemicals

2.3

21.9

14.0

2.7

2.7

8

2

6

8

Other semi-manufactures

0.8

2.7

4.9

0.6

1.7

20

16

0

31

Machinery and transport equipment Other non electrical machinery Office and telecom equipment Other transport eqipment Other consumer goods

8.1 1.8 3.2 1.8 1.2

40.4 12.0 5.2 16.1 5.1

50.0 11.2 20.0 10.9 7.6

1.1 1.7 0.5 2.1 0.7

2.0 2.5 2.1 3.4 1.5

15 12 29 9 18

26 -18 64 68 3

-13 -5 9 -35 10

13 37 45 -25 17

27.8

100.0

100.0

0.5

1.2

14

4

21

21

1.5

8.4

5.5

0.4

0.7

9

35

55

15

0.6

5.7

2.3

0.3

0.4

4

37

31

-16

United States Total merchandise exports Agricultural products Food Mining products Manufactures

Total merchandise exports Agricultural products Food Mining products

1.0

1.0

3.5

0.1

0.8

29

-18

150

25

23.9

88.4

85.9

0.5

1.3

14

-3

16

24

Chemicals

2.5

10.9

8.9

0.5

0.8

12

-8

29

33

Other semi-manufactures

2.0

4.8

7.2

0.2

1.0

19

-1

28

33

16.9 5.4 5.4 1.6

63.6 33.4 4.7 4.0

60.9 21.3 19.5 5.6

0.8 53.0 0.4 0.2

1.8 2.8 2.1 0.7

14 9 32 18

-3 -15 41 8

13 11 24 28

21 12 32 33

Manufactures

Machinery and transport equipment Other non electrical machinery Office and telecom equipment Other consumer goods

Japan 30.4

100.0

100.0

2.1

6.3

17

-8

16

30

Agricultural products

Total merchandise exports

0.6

3.7

2.1

6.9

14.3

11

-13

-4

25

Mining products

1.2

2.0

3.9

3.1

15.8

26

-27

20

14

0.6

0.8

2.1

2.1

13.0

30

29

41

6

27.8

92.8

91.4

2.1

6.2

17

-7

16

31

Iron and steel

2.1

17.3

7.0

8.5

14.3

7

-12

1

39

Chemicals

4.0

12.2

13.1

4.7

11.3

18

5

30

32

Other semi-manufactures

1.6

6.3

5.2

2.8

7.9

15

0

14

28

15.4 4.6 5.3 3.4

43.8 14.4 16.7 5.2

50.5 15.1 17.3 11.2

1.3 2.5 1.5 1.9

4.7 7.6 4.9 8.5

19 18 18 27

-7 -24 4 -2

12 13 25 22

32 24 45 33

Textiles

2.6

7.1

8.5

7.4

36.8

19

-15

26

14

Other consumer goods

2.1

5.9

6.9

1.5

5.0

19

-5

26

41

Non-ferrous metals Manufactures

Machinery and transport equipment Other non electrical machinery Office and telecom equipment Electrical machinery and apparatus

Trade by region

European Union (15)

89

Table III.76

Merchandise imports of the United States, the European Union and Japan from China by major product, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in economy’s

Value

total merchandise

total imports by

Annual percentage

imports

product group

change

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

103.3

100.0

100.0

3.1

8.2

20

14

17

18

1.5 1.1

4.3 3.6

1.5 1.1

1.8 2.0

2.2 2.2

8 6

7 2

15 17

10 12

United States Total merchandise imports Agricultural products Food Mining products

1.3

5.8

1.3

1.1

0.8

3

-14

-14

55

Manufactures Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment

99.3 1.9 7.8 36.1

89.0 2.2 4.6 15.6

96.1 1.8 7.5 34.9

3.9 1.5 2.1 1.2

10.2 2.5 9.5 6.3

21 18 27 30

15 14 25 24

17 18 28 24

17 4 16 30

Office and telecom equipment Electrical machinery and apparatus Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Toys and games Footwear Travel goods Furniture

22.4 8.5 1.9 8.8 42.3 13.3 9.5 2.3 4.6

8.2 4.1 4.3 22.7 39.1 14.7 9.6 4.6 1.0

21.7 8.2 1.8 8.5 40.9 12.9 9.2 2.2 4.5

2.1 3.4 10.3 13.7 11.0 25.0 15.7 31.4 3.1

10.2 14.5 12.0 13.2 30.2 64.6 61.9 50.0 23.7

33 29 11 9 21 19 20 12 39

27 15 5 -4 13 13 8 0 43

24 22 12 4 15 7 7 4 55

31 27 12 13 10 5 7 7 22

61.2

100.0

100.0

0.9

2.6

16

12

13

22

2.4 1.6

12.7 7.8

4.0 2.5

0.8 0.7

1.0 0.8

4 4

4 8

1 -1

14 15

European Union (15) Total merchandise imports Agricultural products Food

Trade by region

Mining products

1.2

3.0

2.0

0.8

0.5

12

18

-12

24

Manufactures Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment

57.5 2.5 5.0 21.2

84.1 6.2 6.4 13.7

93.9 4.1 8.2 34.7

8.1 0.1 0.6 1.3

3.2 1.0 2.6 2.3

18 12 19 28

12 4 14 24

14 -1 18 22

22 11 22 35

Office and telecom equipment Electrical machinery and apparatus Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Toys and games Footwear Travel goods Furniture

11.9 6.0 1.9 8.1 18.4 5.4 1.8 2.3 1.2

8.8 2.0 8.5 21.5 27.4 9.2 2.6 4.7 0.8

19.4 9.8 3.1 13.2 30.0 8.8 2.9 3.8 1.9

0.2 0.5 2.3 5.1 2.6 13.7 2.6 19.0 0.7

3.8 5.5 3.8 9.4 8.2 33.1 10.0 43.3 4.9

26 36 5 11 17 16 18 14 27

25 21 8 2 9 1 -2 10 27

19 28 -1 11 13 15 5 10 33

36 34 22 6 17 20 12 11 36

55.1

100.0

100.0

5.1

14.5

16

-11

16

29

7.0 6.0

23.1 17.5

12.7 10.8

5.5 6.2

11.3 12.3

10 11

-12 -9

14 14

13 12

Japan Total merchandise imports Agricultural products Food Mining products

90

3.3

28.8

5.9

4.4

3.3

-1

-35

-5

47

Manufactures Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment

44.4 1.6 2.8 13.0

47.6 4.5 2.4 3.8

80.5 2.9 5.1 23.6

5.7 3.6 2.6 1.3

20.9 6.1 18.2 12.2

23 11 26 40

-9 -8 -7 -1

17 4 15 19

30 22 29 41

Office and telecom equipment Electrical machinery and apparatus Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Toys and games Footwear Travel goods Furniture

6.4 4.2 2.0 14.7 9.6 1.8 1.9 1.3 1.1

1.4 1.2 6.7 19.9 7.5 1.2 1.4 1.0 0.5

11.6 7.5 3.7 26.7 17.5 3.3 3.5 2.3 2.0

1.5 3.7 19.7 27.5 4.5 7.6 12.5 9.6 4.6

10.5 28.1 41.2 74.7 26.1 47.1 65.0 42.0 29.0

44 39 10 20 27 29 28 26 32

-2 2 -20 -9 -11 -10 -20 -15 -12

19 23 12 20 17 6 21 22 34

51 37 18 29 22 15 13 20 51

Table III.77

Merchandise exports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-00 (Billion dollars and percentage) Destination

ASEAN (10)

All other regions

Origin

Total

Asia

World Other regions

Value ASEAN (10)

1990 1995 1999 2000

28.95 81.88 79.30 101.30

115.13 239.00 279.68 326.14

... ... ... ...

... ... ... ...

144.09 320.88 358.98 427.44

Indonesia

1990 1995 1999 2000

2.57 6.50 8.28 10.89

23.11 38.92 40.39 51.24

15.31 22.15 21.97 28.93

7.80 16.77 18.42 22.31

25.68 45.42 48.67 62.12

Malaysia

1990 1995 1999 2000

8.62 20.41 20.13 26.07

20.80 53.51 64.33 72.17

9.65 22.83 27.57 …

11.14 30.68 36.75 …

29.42 73.91 84.46 98.24

Philippines

1990 1995 1999 2000

0.59 2.36 4.99 5.63

7.47 15.14 31.59 34.15

2.59 5.04 11.55 …

4.88 10.10 20.03 …

8.07 17.50 36.58 39.78

Singapore a

1990 1995 1999 2000

13.57 38.24 32.15 41.65

39.18 80.03 82.54 96.23

15.16 34.81 36.18 45.15

24.02 45.21 46.36 51.08

52.75 118.27 114.69 137.88

Thailand

1990 1995 1999 2000

2.75 12.33 10.86 13.42

20.32 44.11 47.58 55.64

6.78 18.17 18.46 …

13.54 25.95 29.12 …

23.07 56.44 58.44 69.06

ASEAN (10)

1990 2000

20.1 23.7

79.9 76.3

... ...

... ...

100.0 100.0

Indonesia

1990 2000

1.8 2.5

16.0 12.0

10.6 15.4

5.4 11.6

17.8 14.5

Malaysia

1990 2000

6.0 6.1

14.4 16.9

6.7 …

7.7 …

20.4 23.0

Philippines

1990 2000

0.4 1.3

5.2 8.0

1.8 …

3.4 …

5.6 9.3

Singapore

1990 2000

9.4 9.7

27.2 22.5

10.5 10.6

16.7 12.0

36.6 32.3

Thailand

1990 2000

1.9 3.1

14.1 13.0

4.7 …

9.4 …

16.0 16.2

ASEAN (10)

1990-00 1999 2000

13 10 28

11 9 17

... ... ...

... ... ...

11 9 19

Indonesia

1990-00 1999 2000

16 -11 31

8 2 27

7 9 32

11 -5 21

9 0 28

Malaysia

1990-00 1999 2000

12 13 30

13 16 12

… 22 …

… 12 …

13 15 16

Philippines

1990-00 1999 2000

25 31 13

16 23 8

… 37 …

… 17 …

17 24 9

Singapore

1990-00 1999 2000

12 11 30

9 2 17

12 8 25

8 -3 10

10 4 20

Thailand

1990-00 1999 2000

17 10 24

11 7 17

… 13 …

… 3 …

12 7 18

Trade by region

Share

Annual percentage change

a Includes significant re-exports.

91

Table III.78

Merchandise imports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-00 (Billion dollars and percentage) Origin

ASEAN (10)

All other regions

Destination

Total

Asia

World Other regions

Value ASEAN (10)

1990 1995 1999 2000

26.31 66.88 68.67 89.89

136.49 287.20 230.73 276.88

... ... ... ...

... ... ... ...

162.80 354.09 299.40 366.77

Indonesia

1990 1995 1999 2000

1.88 4.22 4.78 6.49

19.96 36.41 19.22 27.03

10.12 18.13 8.53 13.76

9.83 18.29 10.69 13.27

21.84 40.63 24.00 33.52

Malaysia

1990 1995 1999 2000

5.65 13.52 15.35 19.75

23.61 64.17 49.62 49.62

12.12 34.85 26.72 …

11.49 29.32 22.90 …

29.26 77.69 64.97 82.21

Philippines

1990 1995 1999 2000

1.37 3.36 4.76 5.39

11.67 24.98 27.81 28.42

5.22 12.64 14.75 …

6.45 12.34 13.06 …

13.04 28.34 32.57 33.81

Singapore a

1990 1995 1999 2000

12.45 31.50 31.30 39.93

48.45 93.01 79.76 94.62

20.78 44.38 33.65 41.99

27.67 48.63 46.11 52.62

60.90 124.51 111.06 134.55

Thailand

1990 1995 1999 2000

4.37 9.51 7.98 12.73

29.01 61.28 42.37 49.19

15.82 32.62 21.48 …

13.19 28.66 20.88 …

33.38 70.79 50.34 61.92

ASEAN (10)

1990 2000

16.2 24.5

83.8 75.5

... ...

... ...

100.0 100.0

Indonesia

1990 2000

1.2 1.8

12.3 7.4

6.2 3.8

6.0 3.6

13.4 9.1

Malaysia

1990 2000

3.5 5.4

14.5 13.5

7.4 …

7.1 …

18.0 22.4

Philippines

1990 2000

0.8 1.5

7.2 7.7

3.2 …

4.0 …

8.0 9.2

Singapore

1990 2000

7.6 10.9

29.8 25.8

12.8 11.4

17.0 14.3

37.4 36.7

Thailand

1990 2000

2.7 3.5

17.8 13.4

9.7 …

8.1 …

20.5 16.9

ASEAN (10)

1990-00 1999 2000

13 9 31

7 7 20

... ... ...

... ... ...

8 8 23

Indonesia

1990-00 1999 2000

13 6 36

3 -16 41

3 -18 61

3 -14 24

4 -12 40

Malaysia

1990-00 1999 2000

13 16 29

8 10 0

… 15 …

… 5 …

11 11 27

Philippines

1990-00 1999 2000

15 1 13

9 4 2

… 5 …

… 2 …

10 3 4

Singapore

1990-00 1999 2000

12 6 28

7 11 19

7 19 25

7 6 14

8 9 21

Thailand

1990-00 1999 2000

11 24 60

5 16 16

… 18 …

… 14 …

6 17 23

Trade by region

Share

Annual percentage change

a Includes significant imports for re-export.

92

Table III.79

Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Asia, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

2000

1990

Annual percentage change 2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

9

-13

4

12

Exporters Asia

302.8

100.0

100.0

Japan

68.3

31.5

22.6

5

-9

-2

13

Hong Kong, China

42.1

13.8

13.9

9

-6

2

13

China

30.1

4.4

10.0

18

-3

10

15

Korea, Rep. of

29.2

7.0

9.6

12

-2

4

13

Singapore

26.6

9.7

8.8

8

-37

25

13

Taipei, Chinese

20.2

5.3

6.7

11

-2

3

18

Australia

17.8

7.5

5.9

6

-12

7

5

India

17.6

3.5

5.8

14

24

26

26

Malaysia

13.6

2.9

4.5

14

-27

4

15

Thailand

12.8

4.8

4.2

7

-16

11

-12

Indonesia a

4.8

1.9

1.6

7

-36

2

…

New Zealand

4.2

1.8

1.4

6

-13

15

0

Philippines

4.1

2.2

1.4

4

…

…

-13

Viet Nam a

3.0

0.1

1.0

32

3

4

…

Macau, China

2.6

1.1

0.9

6

-10

-6

-4

Asia

365.1

100.0

100.0

7

-11

6

8

Japan

115.7

47.1

31.7

3

-9

3

1

China

35.9

2.3

9.8

24

-5

17

16 25

Korea, Rep. of

33.4

5.6

9.1

13

-17

11

Hong Kong, China

26.2

6.2

7.2

9

1

8

3

Taipei, Chinese

25.7

7.8

7.0

6

-4

0

10

Singapore

21.3

4.8

5.8

9

-9

8

13

India

19.9

3.3

5.5

13

16

21

16

Australia

17.7

7.5

4.8

3

-8

6

-1

Malaysia

16.6

3.0

4.5

12

-28

13

13

Thailand

14.7

3.4

4.0

9

-31

13

9

Indonesia a

14.3

3.3

3.9

9

-28

-4

…

Philippines

6.1

1.0

1.7

13

…

…

-19

New Zealand

4.5

1.8

1.2

3

-8

1

-1

Viet Nam a

3.9

0.1

1.1

41

1

13

…

Pakistan a

2.3

1.0

0.6

2

-20

6

…

Trade by region

Importers

a Includes Secretariat estimates.

93

Table III.80

Trade in commercial services of Japan, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports Value

Value

Share

1995

2000

2000

1995

2000

Total commercial services

68.3

100.0

100.0

115.7

100.0

100.0

Transportation

25.6

35.2

37.5

35.1

29.6

30.3

Sea transport

16.8

23.1

24.6

21.1

19.0

18.2

Air transport

8.8

12.1

12.8

13.9

10.6

12.1

Other transport

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.0

0.1

3.4

5.0

4.9

31.9

30.2

27.6

Other commercial services

39.3

59.8

57.6

48.7

40.2

42.1

Communication services

0.8

0.8

1.2

1.2

0.7

1.0

Construction services

5.8

10.3

8.6

4.0

2.6

3.5

Insurance services

0.2

0.5

0.3

2.0

2.1

1.8

Financial services

2.9

0.5

4.2

1.9

0.4

1.6 2.7

Computer and information services

1.6

…

2.3

3.1

…

Royalties and licence fees

10.2

9.4

15.0

11.0

7.7

9.5

Other business services

17.7

38.2

25.9

24.3

26.2

21.0

0.1

0.2

0.2

1.3

0.5

1.1

Personal, cultural, and recreational services

Trade by region

Share

2000

Travel

94

Imports

IV. Trade by sector 1. Overview Chart IV.1

World merchandise exports by product, 1990 and 2000 (Share based on value)

Machinery and transp. equip. a Office and telecom equipment Mining products Chemicals Automotive products Agricultural products Other consumer goods 1990 Other semi-manufactures

2000

Clothing Textiles Iron and steel 0

5

15

10

20

a Excluding automotive products and office and telecom equipment (throughout this report they are included with machinery and transport equipment, unless otherwise noted).

Table IV.1

World merchandise exports by product, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage)

2000

All products a Agricultural products

Share 1990

Annual percentage change 2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

6186

100.0

100.0

6

-1

4

12

558

12.2

9.0

3

-5

-3

2

Food

442

9.3

7.2

3

-3

-3

0

Raw materials

116

2.9

1.9

2

-11

-2

10

Mining products

813

14.3

13.1

5

-20

15

42

62

1.6

1.0

2

-8

-5

13

Fuels

631

10.5

10.2

6

-26

22

51

Non-ferrous metals

120

2.1

1.9

5

-5

1

19

Manufactures

4630

70.5

74.9

7

2

4

10

Iron and steel

144

3.1

2.3

3

-2

-12

14

Chemicals

574

8.7

9.3

7

2

4

8

Other semi-manufactures

449

7.8

7.3

5

0

3

8

2566

35.8

41.5

8

3

6

11

Ores and other minerals

Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products

571

9.4

9.2

6

5

5

4

Office and telecom equipment

940

8.8

15.2

12

1

12

20

1055

17.6

17.1

6

3

1

7

Textiles

Other machinery and transport equipment

157

3.1

2.5

4

-4

-2

7

Clothing

199

3.2

3.2

6

1

0

7

Other consumer goods

541

8.8

8.8

6

1

5

8

Trade by sector

Value

a Includes unspecified products. They accounted for 3 per cent of world merchandise exports in 2000.

95

Chart IV.2

World exports of commercial services by category, 1990, 1995 and 2000 (Percentage)

1990 1995 Transportation

2000

Travel

Other commercial services

10

20

30

40

50

Trade by sector

0

Table IV.2

World exports of commercial services by category, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

2000

All commercial services Transportation

1990

Annual percentage change 2000

1998

1999

2000

1435

100.0

100.0

6

1

2

6

330

28.5

23.0

4

-1

0

6

Travel

465

33.9

32.4

6

1

2

5

Other commercial services

640

37.6

44.6

8

2

2

6

Note: Exports of transportation services are significantly under-reported. See the Technical Notes.

96

1990-2000

2. Agricultural products Table IV.3

Table IV.4

World trade in agricultural products, 2000

Major regional flows in world exports of agricultural products, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

Value

558

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

174.2

2

-2

-4

Intra-Asia

67.2

5

2

14

North America to Asia

36.0

1

2

10

Intra-North America

33.3

7

7

4

Latin America to North America

21.7

8

2

21

Latin America to Western Europe

18.3

3

-7

-2

Annual percentage change 1980-85

-2

1985-90

9

1990-00

3

1998

-5

1999

-3

2000

2

Share in world merchandise trade

9.0

Share in world exports of primary products

40.7

Annual percentage change

Intra-Western Europe

Table IV.5

Chart IV.3

Share of agricultural products in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2000

Regional shares in world trade in agricultural products, 2000

(Percentage)

(Percentage)

Imports

Western Europe

Share of agricultural products in total merchandise World

9.0

9.0

North America

10.0

5.9

Latin America

18.4

9.0

Western Europe

9.4

10.0

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

8.9

10.7

12.9

15.1

Middle East

2.4

13.1

Asia

6.5

9.4

Africa

Trade by sector

Exports

Asia

North America Exports Imports

Latin America

Share of agricultural products in primary products World

40.7

40.7

North America

58.2

33.8

Latin America

47.3

44.1

Western Europe

57.2

47.3

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

20.7

41.8

Africa

17.7

51.9

3.2

59.9

48.0

34.7

Middle East Asia

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

97

Table IV.6

Exports of agricultural products by region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in Value

Region’s exports

World exports

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

558.3

-

-

100.0

100.0

3

-3

2

230.1 174.2 14.7 12.9 10.0 7.6 6.3 3.5

100.0 78.2 4.8 4.6 3.1 4.1 3.2 1.6

100.0 75.7 6.4 5.6 4.4 3.3 2.7 1.5

45.2 35.4 2.2 2.1 1.4 1.8 1.4 0.7

41.2 31.2 2.6 2.3 1.8 1.4 1.1 0.6

2 2 5 4 6 0 1 1

-3 -2 13 11 -25 -14 3 -15

-3 -4 2 3 0 2 -1 3

World Asia Western Europe North America Middle East Africa C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Latin America

107.2 67.2 14.8 13.9 4.8 3.1 1.7 1.5

100.0 56.8 17.2 11.4 5.1 2.7 5.0 1.5

100.0 62.7 13.9 13.0 4.5 2.9 1.6 1.4

17.4 9.9 3.0 2.0 0.9 0.5 0.9 0.3

19.2 12.0 2.7 2.5 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.3

4 5 2 5 3 5 -7 4

-1 2 -9 2 -2 -4 -24 -17

11 14 -1 12 12 3 11 14

North America World Asia North America Western Europe Latin America Middle East Africa C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

105.8 36.0 33.3 14.8 13.9 3.2 3.2 1.2

100.0 38.7 21.3 20.4 8.4 3.3 3.2 4.4

100.0 34.0 31.5 14.0 13.1 3.0 3.0 1.1

19.7 7.6 4.2 4.0 1.7 0.6 0.6 0.9

19.0 6.5 6.0 2.6 2.5 0.6 0.6 0.2

3 1 7 -1 7 2 2 -11

-2 2 7 -15 -10 6 -9 -33

6 10 4 4 6 11 3 -10

66.0 21.7 18.3 11.6 8.6 1.9 1.8 1.8

100.0 26.2 33.5 11.3 10.1 3.1 13.2 2.5

100.0 32.8 27.7 17.6 13.0 2.9 2.8 2.7

9.6 2.5 3.2 1.1 1.0 0.3 1.3 0.2

11.8 3.9 3.3 2.1 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.3

5 8 3 10 8 5 -10 6

-7 2 -7 -20 -5 -15 -7 -20

8 21 -2 12 6 -7 -7 2

24.2 9.2 8.7 3.9 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.1

100.0 63.8 14.1 I 12.1 2.8 1.6 2.7 2.7

100.0 38.1 35.8 15.9 2.6 2.1 2.0 0.6

3.0 1.9 0.4 I 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1

4.3 1.7 1.6 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

… 1 … 10 6 10 3 -9

-9 -8 -23 25 10 3 -1 -12

10 3 17 12 -14 -8 15 11

18.6 10.4 3.4 1.8 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.3

100.0 61.1 15.1 11.8 5.3 3.5 2.3 0.4

100.0 56.0 18.2 9.7 5.0 4.2 3.3 1.5

3.9 2.4 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0

3.3 1.9 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0

1 0 3 -1 1 3 5 16

-5 -8 4 -7 -11 -22 -1 2

-17 -12 -12 -25 -13 -15 -20 -26

6.4 2.3 2.1 0.8 0.8

100.0 25.5 46.4 6.1 18.5

100.0 36.3 32.2 13.0 12.4

1.1 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.2

1.1 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1

4 7 0 12 -1

9 15 -5 31 -17

-8 -14 2 21 -11

World Western Europe World Western Europe Asia North America C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Latin America Asia

Latin America World North America Western Europe Latin America Asia Middle East C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa

Trade by sector

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS a World Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Asia North America Middle East Africa Latin America

Africa World Western Europe Asia Africa North America C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Middle East Latin America

Middle East World Middle East Western Europe Asia All other regions

a Includes the intra trade of the Baltic States and the CIS beginning with 1996.

98

Table IV.7

Leading exporters and importers of agricultural products, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world exports/imports

Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1980

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

United States

70.87

17.0

14.3

12.7

2

-10

-6

7

France

36.52

6.9

9.0

6.5

0

-1

-4

-7

Canada

34.79

5.0

5.4

6.2

5

-9

4

7

Netherlands

34.14

5.7

7.7

6.1

1

-3

3

-3

Germany

27.76

4.2

5.9

5.0

1

5

-4

-8

Belgium

19.86

-

-

3.6

-

-

-

-2

Spain

16.88

1.4

2.3

3.0

6

-1

-2

-4

United Kingdom

16.67

3.1

3.6

3.0

1

-7

-9

-6

China

16.38

1.5

2.4

2.9

5

-9

-1

15

Australia

16.37

3.3

2.8

2.9

3

-23

5

7

Italy

16.09

2.1

2.9

2.9

3

2

2

-7

Brazil

15.47

3.4

2.4

2.8

5

-7

-6

-3

Thailand

13.28

1.2

1.9

2.4

5

-12

2

13

Argentina a

11.97

1.9

1.8

2.2

5

2

-14

…

Denmark

10.94

2.1

2.6

2.0

0

-3

-5

-5

Above 15

357.98

61.1

68.0

64.2

-

-

-

-

United States

66.69

8.7

9.0

11.0

5

1

6

1

Japan

62.19

9.6

11.4

10.3

2

-16

6

4

Germany

41.54

9.7

10.7

6.9

-1

2

-7

-14

United Kingdom

32.49

6.5

6.7

5.4

1

-1

-2

-6

France

30.39

6.1

6.5

5.0

1

3

-5

-4

Italy

29.39

6.3

7.1

4.9

-1

-1

-4

-5

Netherlands

20.90

4.3

4.3

3.5

1

-1

5

-6

China

19.54

1.9

1.8

3.2

10

-14

10

41

Belgium

18.52

-

-

3.1

-

-

-

-3

Spain

16.98

1.9

2.8

2.8

3

4

0

-8

Canada b

15.27

1.8

2.0

2.5

5

2

2

7

Korea, Rep. of

12.99

1.5

2.2

2.1

3

-34

19

17

Hong Kong, China

11.73

-

-

-

3

-13

-11

4

retained imports

6.52

1.0

1.0

1.1

4

-14

-10

5

11.06

1.2

1.2

1.8

7

8

0

15

9.87

-

-

1.6

-

-27

-23

-7

394.32

63.4

69.8

65.2

-

-

-

-

Exporters

Mexico b Russian Fed. c Above 15

Trade by sector

Importers

a 1999 instead of 2000. b Imports are valued f.o.b. c Includes Secretariat estimates.

99

Table IV.8

Exports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage) Share in economy’s total merchandise exports

Value 1990

Trade by sector

World

I

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

576710

562270

545640

558280

12.2

9.0

Argentina Australia Bangladesh Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Belize Brazil Cameroon Canada Chile

7482 11628 329 13064 I 99 9779 723 22339 2779

11349 14717 446 19407 131 15673 839 32214 5922

13942 14516 452 20533 129 17065 900 31222 5595

11968 15292 ... 20165 143 15980 ... 32599 5917

... 16366 ... 19862 ... 15467 ... 34789 6399

60.6 29.3 19.7 11.1 91.7 31.1 36.1 17.5 33.2

51.3 25.6 8.9 10.7 11.5 86.1 28.1 53.9 12.6 35.2

China Colombia Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire Denmark Ecuador Egypt El Salvador France Germany

10060 2514 927 2374 10648 I 1236 497 237 37101 I 24621 I

14997 3695 1848 2793 13108 2389 552 574 44265 I 32296

14314 4004 2365 3224 12115 2854 580 595 41069 31674

14209 3341 1950 3178 11460 ... 591 497 39341 30249

16384 3121 1812 2646 10940 1948 ... 577 36518 27762

16.2 37.2 64.0 77.3 28.9 45.5 19.2 40.8 17.1 5.8

6.6 23.9 30.9 65.7 22.0 40.2 16.6 19.7 12.2 5.0

Greece Guatemala Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Ireland Italy Kenya

2584 I 849 474 2558 1274 3506 4154 5709 I 11858 I 559

3719 1342 592 3054 I 1371 6322 8197 8987 16699 1158

3299 1660 790 2967 1462 6235 7706 6930 17080 1244

3194 1517 504 2502 1411 5835 7544 7102 17384 1095

2507 1622 ... 2445 1258 ... 7764 6687 16088 1062

31.9 73.0 57.0 25.6 80.0 19.5 16.2 24.0 7.0 54.2

24.5 61.2 40.4 8.7 65.5 16.1 12.5 8.4 6.8 61.2

Luxembourg Madagascar Malaysia Mauritius Morocco Netherlands New Zealand Nicaragua Pakistan Paraguay

224 7495 396 1228 31859 I 5966 295 1081 863

264 11571 456 1643 I 42202 8306 389 1272 738

116 9539 457 1629 34400 7236 473 1306 872

579 99 9214 388 1699 35349 7330 431 1205 624

557 ... 7681 283 1928 34139 7641 547 1234 699

70.2 25.5 33.2 28.8 24.2 62.9 89.5 19.3 90.0

7.1 42.5 7.8 19.0 26.0 16.1 57.6 87.5 13.5 82.0

Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Romania Russian Fed. b South Africa Spain Sri Lanka Sudan

813 1683 2268 2208 I 184 2881 9368 I 758 ...

1701 2457 3036 I 2765 783 3534 I 3433 15294 903 620

1343 2201 3559 2464 746 6166 3841 18041 ... 446

1578 1771 3022 2480 887 6251 3540 17646 1031 ...

1876 2538 3050 2471 828 7445 3383 16875 ... ...

25.2 20.9 15.8 13.5 3.7 12.2 16.8 38.2 ...

26.8 6.4 9.6 10.6 8.0 7.1 11.3 14.8 22.5 74.8

Thailand Tunisia Turkey United Kingdom United States Uruguay Zimbabwe

7786 418 3300 14961 I 59404 1025 754

13911 570 4541 20451 80435 1244 926

11523 577 5032 19484 69846 1644 ...

11762 685 4442 17686 65941 1344 1141

13278 530 3828 16668 70874 ... ...

33.8 11.8 25.5 8.1 15.1 60.6 43.7

19.2 9.1 14.4 5.9 9.1 60.1 60.5

175847 I 130571 I 45276

234125 171011 63114

226917 166552 60365

221574 163219 58354

214566 155383 59183

11.7 13.3 8.6

9.5 11.2 6.9

Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-exports Extra-exports a Or nearest year. b Includes Secretariat estimates.

100

414190

1995

Table IV.9

Imports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage)

1990

1995

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

Algeria Austria Bangladesh Belarus Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Cameroon Canada b Chile

2766 4179 I 835 14740 I 2691 315 9009 461

3518 5898 1124 … 20338 7218 215 12204 1252

3056 5893 1451 1154 20448 7149 261 13997 1443

2750 5952 … 1016 19180 5130 276 14281 1360

... 5487 ... ... 18518 5163 ... 15272 1421

28.5 8.5 24.3 12.3 11.9 22.5 7.7 6.0

30.0 8.0 20.7 15.2 10.8 12.3 8.8 24.0 6.4 7.9

China Colombia Cyprus Denmark Egypt El Salvador France Germany Greece Guatemala

7855 593 405 4822 3554 158 28894 47206 3717 196

16099 1657 802 6476 4160 441 36341 I 57645 4784 440

12610 2018 796 6976 4301 613 33212 51884 4716 631

13853 1615 747 6647 4350 652 31584 48237 3986 640

19544 1736 757 6256 ... 692 30391 41541 3415 673

14.7 10.6 15.8 14.5 38.6 12.5 12.3 13.3 18.8 11.9

8.7 14.9 19.4 14.0 27.2 14.2 9.9 8.3 12.1 14.2

Hong Kong, China retained imports India Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Japan Jordan Korea, Rep. of Kuwait

8325 4591 1721 2126 2569 I 1565 31332 I 50460 709 9530 589

13798 7228 3003 6103 3138 2307 34648 74772 839 14727 1296

12698 6915 4632 4704 3643 2267 32018 56588 962 9306 1369

11319 6212 4862 5476 3863 2288 30807 59750 873 11084 1353

11728 6524 ... 5727 3669 2288 29385 62185 942 12985 ...

9.8 14.6 7.3 9.7 12.4 9.3 17.2 21.4 27.3 13.6 14.8

5.5 18.4 10.8 17.1 7.3 6.0 12.6 16.4 20.6 8.1 17.8

Luxembourg Madagascar Mauritius Mexico b Morocco Netherlands Oman Pakistan Peru Philippines

71 255 5374 1096 18979 I 506 1568 668 1665

99 395 6250 2210 I 25743 876 2687 1171 2994

86 411 9571 1852 21227 971 2328 1503 3199

1221 72 363 9579 1802 22212 1088 2269 1145 3206

1172 ... 346 11056 2065 20895 ... 1882 1041 2896

12.5 15.8 13.3 16.1 15.1 18.9 20.8 23.6 12.8

11.6 13.1 15.7 6.3 19.4 10.6 23.3 17.0 14.0 8.4

Poland Portugal Romania Russian Fed. c Saudi Arabia Slovak Rep. b Spain Sri Lanka Taipei, Chinese Thailand Tunisia

1253 3892 I 1249 3487 12240 I 549 6203 3227 819

3728 I 5775 1109 12702 I 4861 974 18805 719 9995 5575 1322

4557 5841 1170 13657 4955 1066 18438 ... 7801 3724 1114

4133 5943 919 10573 5030 930 18361 879 7779 3962 929

4015 5294 1093 9869 5663 932 16977 ... 7932 4678 926

10.8 15.4 16.4 14.5 14.0 20.5 11.3 9.7 14.8

8.1 14.0 8.4 22.3 17.3 7.3 11.1 14.9 5.7 7.5 10.6

Turkey United Kingdom United States Venezuela b Zimbabwe b

2806 29578 I 39966 986 116

4493 33369 53056 2026 209

4321 35288 62395 1954 ...

3398 34434 66138 1938 222

4133 32485 66691 2020 ...

12.6 13.3 7.7 14.9 6.3

7.7 9.8 5.3 12.9 10.4

208502 I 130913 I 77589

265673

257825

249869

241790

10.2

94662

91273

86649

86407

13.4 13.3 13.5

Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-imports d Extra-imports a b c d

I

I I I

Trade by sector

Share in economy’s total merchandise imports

Value

8.9

Or nearest year. Imports are valued f.o.b. Includes Secretariat estimates. See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.

101

2.1 Food Table IV.10

Table IV.11

World trade in food, 2000

Major regional flows in world exports of food, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

Value

442

Annual percentage change 1980-85

-2

1985-90

9

1990-00

3

1998

-3

1999

-3

2000

0

Share in world merchandise trade

7.2

Share in world exports of primary products

1990-00

1999

2000

148.8

2

-1

-5

Intra-Asia

50.2

6

1

12

North America to Asia

25.4

3

2

6

Intra-North America

19.6

7

5

6

Latin America to North America

18.7

7

1

21

Latin America to Western Europe

16.0

3

-7

-4

Intra-Western Europe

Table IV.12

Chart IV.4

Share of food in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2000

Regional shares in world trade in food, 2000 (Percentage)

Exports

Trade by sector

2000

32.3

(Percentage) Imports

Share of food in total merchandise World

Western Europe 7.2

7.2

North America

6.8

4.5

Latin America

16.1

7.5 8.1

Western Europe

8.0

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

5.4

9.0

Africa

9.5

13.2

Middle East

2.0

12.1

Asia

5.0

6.9

World

32.3

32.3

North America

39.4

25.5

Latin America

41.5

36.7

Western Europe

48.8

38.5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

12.6

34.9

Africa

13.1

45.7

Middle East Asia

Asia

North America Exports Imports

Latin America

Share of food in primary products

2.5

55.5

37.0

25.4

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East 0

102

Annual percentage change

10

20

30

40

50

60

Table IV.13

Exports of food by principal region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in Value

World

Region’s exports

World exports

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

442.3

-

-

100.0

100.0

3

-3

0

Western Europe World

196.5

100.0

100.0

48.7

44.4

3

-2

-4

Western Europe

148.8

77.0

75.7

37.5

33.6

2

-1

-5

North America

11.6

5.1

5.9

2.5

2.6

4

11

3

Asia

11.3

4.9

5.8

2.4

2.6

4

10

-1

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

8.4

3.1

4.3

1.5

1.9

6

-28

-2

Africa

6.6

4.3

3.4

2.1

1.5

0

-13

3

Middle East

5.8

3.5

2.9

1.7

1.3

1

4

-2

Latin America

3.2

1.8

1.6

0.9

0.7

1

-15

3

Asia World

82.6

100.0

100.0

16.0

18.7

5

-1

9

Asia

50.2

54.3

60.8

8.7

11.3

6

1

12

North America

11.6

13.2

14.0

2.1

2.6

6

6

13

Western Europe

10.7

15.6

13.0

2.5

2.4

3

-6

-5

Middle East

4.5

6.7

5.4

1.1

1.0

3

-2

13

Africa

2.9

3.3

3.5

0.5

0.7

6

-3

2

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1.6

5.2

1.9

0.8

0.4

-5

-26

13

Latin America

1.1

1.5

1.3

0.2

0.3

4

-18

15

North America World

71.7

100.0

100.0

16.9

16.2

3

-3

3

Asia

25.4

37.1

35.5

6.3

5.8

3

2

6

North America

19.6

18.0

27.3

3.0

4.4

7

5

6

Latin America

10.8

10.1

15.1

1.7

2.4

7

-7

3

Western Europe

8.7

19.4

12.1

3.3

2.0

-2

-18

-7

Africa

2.9

3.9

4.1

0.7

0.7

3

-9

3

Middle East

2.9

4.6

4.0

0.8

0.7

2

7

10

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1.1

6.5

1.5

1.1

0.2

-11

-35

-12

57.9

100.0

100.0

11.2

13.1

5

-9

7

North America

18.7

26.8

32.2

3.0

4.2

7

1

21

Western Europe

16.0

33.4

27.7

3.7

3.6

3

-7

-4

Latin America

10.5

10.7

18.1

1.2

2.4

11

-21

11

Asia

7.1

8.6

12.2

1.0

1.6

9

-7

6

Middle East

1.9

3.3

3.2

0.4

0.4

5

-15

-7

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1.8

14.5

3.1

1.6

0.4

-10

-7

-7

Africa

1.7

2.7

3.0

0.3

0.4

6

-20

2

Trade by sector

Latin America World

103

Table IV.14

Imports of food into the European Union, North America and Japan by region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Value

Share

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

196.04

100.0

100.0

2

4

-2

-5

140.42

69.9

71.6

2

5

0

-6

Latin America

18.52

9.9

9.4

2

0

-5

-5

Asia

11.83

5.6

6.0

3

9

-3

-1

North America

9.84

6.0

5.0

0

-2

-9

-1

Africa

9.50

5.1

4.8

2

7

-3

-11

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

4.46

2.3

2.3

2

3

-4

2

Middle East

1.26

1.0

0.6

-2

-6

1

-5

2

European Union (15) World Western Europe

North America a World

61.63

100.0

100.0

5

3

5

North America

18.38

23.1

29.8

8

5

5

8

Latin America

16.75

31.7

27.2

4

-1

1

-3

Asia

12.32

20.4

20.0

5

6

8

5

Western Europe

12.10

21.4

19.6

4

5

9

-1

Africa

1.10

2.1

1.8

4

7

-9

-4

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

0.76

0.9

1.2

8

17

13

-4

Middle East

0.21

0.3

0.3

6

14

0

3

Japan World

48.58

100.0

100.0

4

-10

6

3

Asia

19.36

37.5

39.8

4

-10

7

5

North America

17.53

40.7

36.1

2

-13

4

4

Western Europe

5.65

11.4

11.6

4

-5

9

2

Latin America

3.45

5.9

7.1

6

-8

-6

-2

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1.44

1.5

3.0

11

-9

23

7

Africa

1.05

2.9

2.2

1

-10

2

-3

Middle East

0.10

0.2

0.2

3

-19

-7

4

Trade by sector

a Imports of Canada are valued f.o.b.

104

Table IV.15

Leading exporters and importers of food, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world exports/imports

Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1980

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

United States

53.92

17.6

13.5

12.2

2

-9

-4

4

France

33.16

8.0

10.5

7.5

0

-1

-4

-8

Netherlands

27.92

6.6

8.3

6.3

1

-3

2

-5

Germany

22.85

4.5

6.3

5.2

1

6

-5

-10

Canada

17.63

3.5

3.5

4.0

5

-6

-2

6

Belgium

17.01

-

-

3.8

-

-

-

-4

Spain

15.36

1.7

2.6

3.5

6

-1

-2

-6

United Kingdom

15.28

3.5

4.1

3.5

2

-7

-6

-7

Italy

14.43

2.4

3.4

3.3

3

2

1

-8

China

13.56

1.4

2.5

3.1

6

-7

-4

16

Brazil

12.81

4.2

2.8

2.9

4

-8

-9

-7

Australia

12.48

3.3

2.7

2.8

4

-22

10

5

Argentina a

11.47

2.3

2.2

2.6

6

4

-14

…

Thailand

10.48

1.3

2.1

2.4

5

-9

3

5

Denmark

9.70

2.4

3.0

2.2

0

-3

-5

-5

Above 15

288.05

65.2

70.9

65.1

-

-

-

-

Exporters

Memorandum item: European Union (15)

182.89

34.8

45.7

41.3

2

1

-1

-4

Intra-exports

133.40

23.5

33.7

30.2

2

4

0

-6

Extra-exports

49.49

11.3

12.0

11.2

3

-6

-4

0

United States

49.36

8.8

8.9

10.3

5

3

6

1

Japan

48.58

7.2

10.1

10.1

4

-10

6

3

Germany

32.86

9.7

10.6

6.8

-1

2

-6

-16

United Kingdom

26.80

6.6

6.8

5.6

1

1

-2

-8

France

24.48

5.9

6.8

5.1

1

4

-5

-7

Italy

19.93

5.5

6.4

4.2

-1

1

-3

-10

Netherlands

17.28

4.9

4.7

3.6

1

0

5

-8

Belgium

15.14

-

-

3.2

-

-

-

-7

Spain

13.98

1.8

2.8

2.9

4

5

0

-9

Canada b

12.03

1.8

2.1

2.5

5

3

2

5 3

Hong Kong, China

9.17

-

-

-

3

-13

-11

retained imports

5.87

1.0

1.2

1.2

4

-12

-9

3

9.04

1.4

1.4

1.9

7

-7

1

34

China Russian Fed. c

8.92

-

-

1.9

-

-27

-25

-9

Mexico b

8.56

1.4

1.3

1.8

7

8

3

14

Korea, Rep. of a

6.68

0.9

1.2

1.4

6

-30

18

…

299.51

60.3

67.4

62.4

-

-

-

-

Above 15

Trade by sector

Importers

a 1999 instead of 2000. b Imports are valued f.o.b. c Includes Secretariat estimates.

105

3. Mining products Table IV.16

Table IV.17

World trade in mining products, 2000

Major regional flows in world exports of mining products, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

Value

813

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

Intra-Western Europe

130.2

3

5

27

Middle East to Asia

113.4

9

29

67

Intra-Asia

95.8

6

12

33

Intra-North America

50.7

9

3

66

Annual percentage change 1980-85

-5

1985-90

2

1990-00

5

1998

-20

1999

15

2000

42

Share in world merchandise trade

13.1

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS to Western Europe

47.2

6

7

54

Share in world exports of primary products

59.3

Africa to Western Europe

38.4

1

14

55

Table IV.18

Chart IV.5

Share of mining products in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2000

Regional shares in world trade in mining products, 2000

(Percentage) Exports

Trade by sector

Annual percentage change

Imports

Western Europe

Share of mining products in total merchandise World

13.1

13.1

North America

7.2

11.6

Latin America

20.5

11.4

Western Europe

(Percentage)

Asia

7.1

11.1

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

34.3

15.0

Africa

59.7

13.9

Middle East

74.7

8.8

7.0

17.7

Latin America

World

59.3

59.3

North America

41.8

66.2

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Latin America

52.7

55.9

Western Europe

42.8

52.7

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

79.3

58.2

Africa

82.3

48.1

Middle East

96.8

40.1

Asia

52.0

65.3

Asia

North America Exports Imports

Share of mining products in primary products

Africa

Middle East

0

106

10

20

30

40

50

60

Table IV.19

Exports of mining products by region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in Value

World

Region’s exports

World exports

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

813.2

-

-

100.0

100.0

5

15

42

196.0 113.4 29.7 24.6 8.1 6.1 2.0 0.2

100.0 45.2 24.9 14.0 3.2 3.4 4.3 1.4

100.0 57.9 15.1 12.6 4.1 3.1 1.0 0.1

22.4 10.1 5.6 3.1 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.3

24.1 13.9 3.6 3.0 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.0

6 9 1 5 9 5 -8 -20

35 29 17 56 31 6 -6 -42

58 67 47 70 59 73 61 -10

172.3 130.2 21.8 7.0 4.4 3.0 1.9 1.4

100.0 80.0 8.6 2.9 1.7 1.7 1.2 0.5

100.0 75.6 12.7 4.0 2.6 1.7 1.1 0.8

24.5 19.6 2.1 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1

21.2 16.0 2.7 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

4 3 8 7 8 4 3 9

8 5 43 34 -2 -11 -2 -10

30 27 66 19 18 46 25 11

115.9 95.8 7.1 6.7 1.9 2.1

100.0 79.7 6.9 8.9 1.0 1.9

100.0 82.6 6.2 5.8 1.7 1.8

13.6 10.9 0.9 1.2 0.1 0.3

14.3 11.8 0.9 0.8 0.2 0.3

6 6 5 1 12 6

10 12 -7 1 -7 15

32 33 19 19 44 22

93.0 47.2 28.6 5.8 3.8 3.4 2.7

100.0 67.7 17.6 I 8.4 2.1 2.5 1.7

100.0 50.8 30.7 6.3 4.1 3.7 2.9

11.4 5.8 3.5 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.3

… 6 … 6 17 13 15

4 7 -11 35 67 32 -15

51 54 43 68 68 -2 325

86.5 38.4 21.7 15.8 3.9 3.6 1.0

100.0 61.5 24.7 5.9 3.3 2.3 1.9

100.0 44.4 25.1 18.3 4.5 4.2 1.1

11.4 7.0 2.8 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.2

10.6 4.7 2.7 1.9 0.5 0.4 0.1

5 1 5 17 8 11 -1

24 14 9 68 46 34 20

55 55 72 51 51 44 13

76.0 50.7 8.6 8.4 7.3 1.0

100.0 44.3 7.7 25.9 20.0 2.0

100.0 66.6 11.3 11.1 9.6 1.3

9.8 4.4 0.8 2.5 2.0 0.2

9.4 6.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.1

5 9 9 -4 -3 0

2 3 -1 -1 10 -16

42 66 47 15 -16 19

73.4 34.7 18.0 11.1 7.2 1.3

100.0 47.2 12.7 20.7 11.6 3.7

100.0 47.3 24.5 15.1 9.7 1.7

10.1 4.8 1.3 2.1 1.2 0.4

9.0 4.3 2.2 1.4 0.9 0.2

4 4 11 1 2 -3

21 31 25 0 8 -7

28 23 40 25 27 19

Middle East World Asia Western Europe North America Africa Middle East Latin America C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Western Europe World Western Europe North America Asia C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Latin America

Asia World Asia Western Europe North America Latin America All other regions

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS a World Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Asia Latin America North America All other regions

8.1 I 5.5 1.4 I 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.1

World Western Europe North America Asia Africa Latin America All other regions

Trade by sector

Africa

North America World North America Latin America Asia Western Europe All other regions

Latin America World North America Latin America Western Europe Asia All other regions

a Includes the intra trade of the Baltic States and the CIS beginning with 1996.

107

3.1 Fuels Table IV.20

Table IV.21

World trade in fuels, 2000

Major regional flows in world exports of fuels, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

Value

631

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

111.1

9

29

68

Intra-Western Europe

85.4

4

13

38

Intra-Asia

68.1

6

16

39

Intra-North America

38.0

11

3

99

Annual percentage change 1980-85

-5

1985-90

0

1990-00

6

1998

-26

1999

22

2000

51

Middle East to Asia

Share in world merchandise trade

10.2

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS to Western Europe

35.5

5

18

69

Share in world exports of primary products

46.0

Africa to Western Europe

35.3

2

18

62

Table IV.22

Chart IV.6

Share of fuels in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2000

Regional shares in world trade in fuels, 2000 (Percentage)

(Percentage) Exports

Trade by sector

Annual percentage change

Imports

Asia

Share of fuels in total merchandise 10.2

10.2

North America

World

4.7

9.4

Latin America

14.3

9.5

4.6

8.0

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Western Europe

25.5

12.1

Africa

53.8

12.2

Middle East

73.0

6.9

4.8

13.9

Asia

Western Europe

North America Exports Imports

Latin America

Share of fuels in primary products World

46.0

46.0

North America

27.3

53.4

Latin America

36.8

46.8

Western Europe

27.8

37.8

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

59.0

47.1

Africa

74.1

42.0

Middle East

94.7

31.7

Asia

35.6

51.3

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East

0

108

10

20

30

40

50

60

Table IV.23

Imports of fuels of selected economies by region and supplier, 2000 (Million dollars and percentage) United States

Value

Share

EU (15)

Annual percentage change

Value

Share

Japan Annual percentage change

Value

Share

Annual percentage change

2000

2000

1999

2000

2000

2000

1999

2000

2000

2000

1999

2000

139780

100.0

28

76

185085

100.0

12

56

77425

100.0

15

55

Region World Middle East

23684

16.9

52

64

28205

15.2

15

55

47485

61.3

20

66

Western Europe

12819

9.2

43

86

81512

44.0

11

49

106

0.1

59

-54

Africa

20947

15.0

6

84

33252

18.0

11

65

693

0.9

37

19

Asia

4536

3.2

14

54

2195

1.2

-8

20

26632

34.4

10

48

Latin America

41930

30.0

31

68

4360

2.4

15

50

468

0.6

77

8

North America

34225

24.5

16

94

2488

1.3

-20

12

1767

2.3

-15

1

1637

1.2

153

62

26725

14.4

34

59

273

0.4

-10

32

Saudi Arabia Canada Norway United Kingdom Russian Fed.

13957 34225 4076 4233 857

10.0 24.5 2.9 3.0 0.6

26 16 76 53 129

71 94 73 66 50

14166 512 28999 18082 19590

7.7 0.3 15.7 9.8 10.6

-1 -1 7 19 35

117 33 93 95 62

13883 635 57 4 272

17.9 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.4

17 -22 33 -19 -10

73 -22 -54 -5 32

Above 5

57347

41.0

26

83

81350

44.0

15

88

14851

19.2

12

62

United Arab Emirates Venezuela Netherlands Iran, Islamic Rep. of Iraq

115 17209 533 ... 6263

0.1 12.3 0.4 ... 4.5

-37 20 -7 ... 232

320 70 83 ... 39

523 1814 18076 7553 8472

0.3 1.0 9.8 4.1 4.6

-31 25 13 9 52

320 73 60 97 118

14628 0 4 5263 661

18.9 0.0 0.0 6.8 0.9

6 600 13 29 725

69 -100 -70 73 -4

Nigeria Kuwait Mexico Algeria Indonesia

10848 2802 13204 2804 588

7.8 2.0 9.4 2.0 0.4

2 7 34 5 18

136 82 78 49 1

5507 3955 1685 11948 338

3.0 2.1 0.9 6.5 0.2

1 17 21 15 -36

111 194 102 96 52

199 4983 424 20 8370

0.3 6.4 0.5 0.0 10.8

163 29 51 20 19

12 66 37 -79 47

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Australia Qatar Oman Angola

... 699 108 39 3662

... 0.5 0.1 0.0 2.6

... -14 281 -100 5

... 92 -1 … 43

11789 1414 65 15 656

6.4 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.4

18 6 50 ... -6

65 29 -29 ... 190

... 6044 5852 2023 0

... 7.8 7.6 2.6 0.0

... -4 24 55 ...

... 26 70 21 -100

Belgium Korea, Rep. of Malaysia Germany Colombia

697 650 609 518 4231

0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 3.0

33 50 22 27 64

82 100 111 73 16

5954 39 59 5424 1001

3.2 0.0 0.0 2.9 0.5

17 88 -67 14 -15

108 126 502 89 62

5 3415 3280 14 4

0.0 4.4 4.2 0.0 0.0

-3 75 2 28 -8

32 74 53 -22 -78

China France United States Syrian Arab Republic Gabon

756 629 60 2230

0.5 0.4 0.0 1.6

-37 -10 295 13

169 184 133 47

461 4058 2284 2882 235

0.2 2.2 1.2 1.6 0.1

-14 8 -27 51 -52

32 40 33 48 167

2182 7 1132 0 0

2.8 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0

-10 -17 -7 ... 4

59 -29 20 ... -100

117 204 380 51 517

0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.4

7 … 6 -34 29

90 -28 85 144 26

2040 ... 8 1757 173

1.1 ... 0.0 0.9 0.1

-2 ... -69 -10 -14

81 ... 147 50 8

124 1651 498 76 ...

0.2 2.1 0.6 0.1 ...

138 2 54 -40 ...

22 57 23 -32 ...

127901

91.5

-

-

181537

98.1

-

-

75711

97.8

-

-

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Egypt Brunei Darussalam Singapore South Africa Congo Above suppliers

Trade by sector

Suppliers

109

Table IV.23 (continued)

Imports of fuels of selected economies by region and supplier, 2000 (Million dollars and percentage) China

Value

Share

Rep. of Korea and Singapore Annual percentage change

Value

Share

Total

Annual percentage change

Value

Share

Annual percentage change

2000

2000

1999

2000

2000

2000

1999

2000

2000

2000

1999

2000

20637

100.0

32

132

54348

100.0

25

65

477276

100.0

19

65

8666

42.0

8

212

34827

64.1

25

71

142867

29.9

24

69

644

3.1

497

12

642

1.2

149

56

95723

20.1

16

52

Region World Middle East Western Europe Africa

3670

17.8

225

280

2365

4.4

78

2

60927

12.8

14

72

Asia

6558

31.8

21

63

13999

25.8

10

68

53921

11.3

10

54

Latin America

85

0.4

-92

748

600

1.1

80

102

47444

9.9

30

66

North America

103

0.5

-7

-45

1171

2.2

21

15

39753

8.3

8

74

905

4.4

139

144

740

1.4

117

323

30280

6.3

38

63

Saudi Arabia Canada Norway United Kingdom Russian Fed.

1513 1 305 292 778

7.3 0.0 1.5 1.4 3.8

11 -97 325 5013 184

145 91 20 5 137

13458 238 167 91 603

24.8 0.4 0.3 0.2 1.1

19 -25 199 470 106

56 2 2 190 263

56978 35611 33604 22700 22099

11.9 7.5 7.0 4.8 4.6

15 13 15 28 39

78 87 87 87 65

Above 5

2888

14.0

94

95

14558

26.8

19

58

170993

35.8

19

81

United Arab Emirates Venezuela Netherlands Iran, Islamic Rep. of Iraq

357 ... 2 1590 648

1.7 ... 0.0 7.7 3.1

22 ... 53 17 94

126 ... -81 166 459

5902 69 154 3651 947

10.9 0.1 0.3 6.7 1.7

16 158 -18 51 246

70 177 963 68 316

21526 19133 18769 18057 16990

4.5 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.6

8 21 12 23 129

73 70 61 87 80

Nigeria Kuwait Mexico Algeria Indonesia

274 175 0 23 1067

1.3 0.8 0.0 0.1 5.2

-17 ... ... 27

63 230 ... 82

89 4214 28 66 3579

0.2 7.8 0.1 0.1 6.6

9 25 -79 31 36

-69 69 580 -14 44

16916 16128 15342 14862 13943

3.5 3.4 3.2 3.1 2.9

5 21 33 14 21

116 91 79 81 46

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Australia Qatar Oman Angola

25 389 363 3259 1842

0.1 1.9 1.8 15.8 8.9

-23 114 366 -10 132

50 55 1373 415 418

8 2997 3428 1958 662

0.0 5.5 6.3 3.6 1.2

... -6 48 26 445

... 113 133 74 2

11822 11543 9816 7293 6822

2.5 2.4 2.1 1.5 1.4

18 -2 33 25 28

65 46 91 112 80

Belgium Korea, Rep. of Malaysia Germany Colombia

1 2015 361 14 ...

0.0 9.8 1.7 0.1 ...

231 29 45 45 ...

-88 44 97 7 ...

6 318 2107 8 0

0.0 0.6 3.9 0.0 0.0

-42 14 6 37 ...

24 -10 54 5 ...

6664 6438 6416 5978 5236

1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1

19 48 5 15 44

104 59 61 86 22

China France United States Syrian Arab Republic Gabon

13 102 ... 91

0.1 0.5 ... 0.4

3 6 ... ...

45 -46 ... -

1735 20 933 23 161

3.2 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.3

15 28 48 ... 73

78 -43 18 ... 98

5134 4727 4451 2965 2719

1.1 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.6

-8 6 -11 52 11

72 49 22 50 52

Egypt Brunei Darussalam Singapore South Africa Congo

28 ... 844 14 294

0.1 ... 4.1 0.1 1.4

-49 ... -17 1253 27

157 ... 9 -75 479

240 606 365 148 539

0.4 1.1 0.7 0.3 1.0

81 -24 -41 31 -6

-30 85 230 -33 82

2550 2523 2095 2046 1523

0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3

13 6 -6 -7 7

55 52 40 29 66

16782

81.3

-

-

49519

91.1

-

-

451420

94.6

-

-

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Trade by sector

Suppliers

Above suppliers

110

Table IV.24

Imports of fuels of selected economies, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage)

Australia b Austria Bangladesh Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Bulgaria Chile China Croatia

1990

1995

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

2170 3147 I 566 9623 I 6045 ... 1099 1259 -

2883 2937 421 9430 6491 1531 1334 5127 871

2715 2318 524 8539 5616 1081 1499 6775 596

3814 2591 ... 9417 5846 1189 1861 8912 859

5533 3695 ... 15387 8872 1741 3014 20637 1145

5.4 6.4 16.5 8.0 26.8 … 14.3 2.4 -

8.2 5.4 7.5 9.0 5.1 15.1 26.6 16.7 9.2 14.5

Cyprus Czech Rep. b Finland France Germany Greece Guatemala Hong Kong, China retained imports Hungary India

270 3172 22332 31966 1518 278 1996 1567 1470 6495

286 1978 2592 18546 I 28760 1876 410 3705 2126 1805 I 8661

243 1866 I 2387 16712 26294 2217 384 3201 1974 1685 8045

315 1832 2676 18862 27305 1530 447 3681 3131 1715 14343

492 3102 4035 30775 43356 3561 620 4534 4103 2690 ...

10.5 11.7 9.5 9.0 7.7 16.8 2.4 5.0 14.2 27.5

12.6 9.6 12.0 10.1 8.7 12.6 13.1 2.1 11.6 8.4 32.0

Indonesia Israel Italy Japan Jordan Kenya Korea, Rep. of Luxembourg Mauritius Morocco

1937 1354 18816 I 57453 471 424 11023 132 1168

3007 1673 14950 53916 477 413 19013 138 1173 I

2686 1804 12010 43273 355 578 18195 138 924

3726 2142 14172 49885 450 439 22875 392 161 1324

6071 3587 23030 77425 194 642 38077 568 244 2010

8.9 8.1 10.3 24.4 18.1 20.0 15.8 8.2 17.2

18.1 9.4 9.9 20.4 4.2 20.1 23.7 5.6 11.1 18.9

Netherlands New Zealand Pakistan Panama Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Romania Singapore retained imports

13221 I 727 1529 244 327 1943 2533 2734 I 2906 9632 9545

12110 744 1890 342 664 2623 2651 I 2729 2195 10030 9934

10480 749 1481 320 649 2230 2964 2047 1431 8173 8074

12698 880 2098 408 660 2566 3281 2692 1051 10080 9966

19911 1446 3598 ... 1099 4110 5297 4016 1583 16272 16159

10.5 7.6 20.3 15.9 11.6 14.9 21.9 10.8 38.2 15.8 22.2

10.1 10.3 32.5 11.6 14.8 11.9 10.7 10.6 12.1 12.1 21.4

Slovak Rep. b South Africa b Spain Sri Lanka Sweden Taipei, Chinese Thailand Tunisia Turkey Ukraine c

... 10331 I 333 4963 I 5953 3084 493 4622 -

1535 I 2225 9442 370 3589 7142 4775 572 4619 ...

1427 2229 8575 ... 3565 6721 3436 433 3621 6065

1457 2438 10577 306 4090 8170 4830 556 5375 5383

2218 ... 18550 ... 6596 13038 7962 898 7515 ...

... 11.8 12.4 9.1 10.9 9.2 8.9 20.7 -

17.3 10.1 12.1 5.2 9.1 9.3 12.8 10.3 13.9 45.4

United States Zimbabwe b

68741 288

62984 239

62152 ...

79273 245

139780 ...

13.3 15.6

11.1 11.5

118933

108033

119470

185085

7.8

83180

73563

81301

130885

8.9 3.8 17.7

Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-imports d Extra-imports a b c d

I I I I

139379 I 37430 I 101949

Trade by sector

Share in economy’s total merchandise imports

Value

13.6

Or nearest year. Imports are valued f.o.b. Includes Secretariat estimates. See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.

111

4. Manufactures Table IV.25

Table IV.26

World trade in manufactures, 2000

Major regional flows in world exports of manufactures, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

Value

4630

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

1290.0

3

1

-1

Intra-Asia

626.0

12

14

25

Asia to North America

396.0

7

9

15

Intra-North America

313.8

9

12

8

Asia to Western Europe

249.4

7

4

11

Western Europe to North America

224.9

8

10

11

Annual percentage change 1980-85

2

1985-90

15

1990-00

7

1998

2

1999

4

2000

10

Share in world merchandise trade

74.9

Intra-Western Europe

Table IV.27

Chart IV.7

Share of manufactures in total merchandise trade by region, 2000

Regional shares in world trade in manufactures, 2000 (Percentage)

(Percentage)

Trade by sector

Annual percentage change

Exports

Imports

Western Europe

Share of manufactures in total merchandise World

74.9

74.9

North America

78.0

80.0

Latin America

60.5

76.9

Western Europe

80.3

75.4

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

54.2

72.0

Africa

24.6

68.4

Middle East

21.7

74.6

Asia

84.2

70.5

Asia

North America Exports Imports

Latin America

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Middle East

Africa

0

112

10

20

30

40

50

60

Table IV.28

Exports of manufactures by region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in Value

World

Region’s exports

World exports

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

4630.0

-

-

100.0

100.0

7

4

10

1959.3 1290.0 224.9 172.6 111.5 50.2 48.8 47.1

100.0 70.6 8.3 8.2 4.1 2.8 2.0 3.4

100.0 65.8 11.5 8.8 5.7 2.6 2.5 2.4

54.2 38.3 4.5 4.4 2.2 1.5 1.1 1.8

42.3 27.9 4.9 3.7 2.4 1.1 1.1 1.0

4 3 8 5 8 3 7 1

0 1 10 2 -9 -6 -12 -6

2 -1 11 13 11 5 4 -2

1389.3 626.0 396.0 249.4 37.8 34.7 17.6 13.1

100.0 36.0 33.0 22.0 2.0 2.9 1.4 1.5

100.0 45.1 28.5 18.0 2.7 2.5 1.3 0.9

24.5 8.8 8.1 5.4 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.4

30.0 13.5 8.6 5.4 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.3

9 12 7 7 12 7 8 4

9 14 9 4 -8 -7 1 -8

18 25 15 11 21 13 3 21

824.9 313.8 178.4 161.2 143.8 15.6 12.3

100.0 35.9 23.1 25.1 11.7 2.3 1.9

100.0 38.0 21.6 19.5 17.4 1.9 1.5

15.2 5.5 3.5 3.8 1.8 0.3 0.3

17.8 6.8 3.9 3.5 3.1 0.3 0.3

9 9 8 6 13 6 6

6 12 5 5 1 -12 -17

11 8 17 9 19 -11 8

217.2 163.7 31.9 13.8 5.7 1.7

100.0 59.7 16.6 13.2 7.4 3.1

100.0 75.4 14.7 6.3 2.6 0.8

2.3 1.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1

4.7 3.5 0.7 0.3 0.1 0.0

15 17 13 7 3 0

8 17 -20 13 9 -19

22 23 19 14 20 19

146.7 87.2 34.0 9.3 7.3 2.7 2.2 1.7

100.0 43.5 32.0 I 12.3 2.4 3.4 3.5 2.9

100.0 59.5 23.1 6.3 5.0 1.9 1.5 1.1

2.1 I 0.9 0.7 I 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

3.2 1.9 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0

… 15 … 4 20 5 2 2

-3 3 -19 22 -5 -23 -4 -5

17 15 23 11 17 26 26 2

57.0 16.0 15.3 10.2 7.8 2.1 2.0

100.0 32.4 16.4 19.6 17.9 2.6 7.5

100.0 28.1 26.9 17.9 13.7 3.7 3.6

0.8 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1

1.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0

11 9 17 10 8 15 3

15 4 15 27 5 -6 -8

24 24 40 29 24 15 7

35.6 21.1 5.2 3.7 3.6 1.4

100.0 62.1 11.6 5.9 10.5 9.4

100.0 59.3 14.7 10.4 10.1 4.0

0.9 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

0.8 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

6 5 8 12 5 -3

1 3 -6 0 5 -8

13 12 8 24 18 17

Western Europe World Western Europe North America Asia C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Middle East Latin America Africa

Asia World Asia North America Western Europe Latin America Middle East Africa C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

North America World North America Asia Western Europe Latin America Middle East All other regions

Latin America World North America Latin America Western Europe Asia All other regions

Middle East World Western Europe North America Asia Middle East Africa All other regions

Trade by sector

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS a World Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Asia North America Middle East Latin America Africa

Africa World Western Europe Africa North America Asia All other regions

a Includes the intra trade of the Baltic States and the CIS beginning with 1996.

113

Table IV.29

Trade in manufactures of the United States, the European Union and Japan by region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports

Value 2000

Annual percentage change

Share 1990

Imports

2000

1990-00

1999

Value 2000

Annual percentage change

Share

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

United States 650.2

100.0

100.0

8

3

13

969.1

100.0

100.0

10

11

15

155.3

23.4

23.9

9

8

8

World North America

156.4

16.4

16.1

10

14

11

141.3

14.2

21.7

13

1

20

Latin America

142.5

8.2

14.7

17

15

21

153.6

29.9

23.6

6

4

9

Western Europe

204.8

24.1

21.1

8

9

11

9.6

0.3

1.0

25

-8

40

3.8

0.3

0.4

12

5

17

15.0

0.9

1.5

16

11

37

437.1

49.7

45.1

9

11

15

2

C./E. Europe/ 4.4

0.4

0.7

13

-22

7

7.3

1.8

1.1

4

-16

12

Africa

Baltic States/CIS

15.0

2.7

2.3

7

-13

-11

Middle East

173.2

27.6

26.6

8

4

18

Asia

European Union (15) 1831.4

100.0

100.0

4

1

2

1783.6

100.0

100.0

5

3

208.9

8.4

11.4

8

10

10

World North America

184.8

8.7

10.4

7

5

9

45.9

1.9

2.5

7

-12

4

Latin America

13.7

0.8

0.8

5

5

14

1208.6

71.1

66.0

4

1

-1

Western Europe

1174.8

74.5

65.9

3

1

-2

C./E. Europe/ 105.3

4.0

5.7

8

-9

11

80.1

1.8

4.5

15

7

10

44.6

3.4

2.4

1

-6

-1

Africa

Baltic States/CIS

21.6

0.9

1.2

7

3

12

45.4

2.7

2.5

4

-7

5

Middle East

13.3

0.6

0.7

8

1

12

159.7

7.9

8.7

5

2

13

287.1

12.3

16.1

8

6

11

Asia

Japan 449.7

100.0

100.0

5

8

14

212.7

100.0

100.0

8

12

20

144.3

34.5

32.1

4

9

11

World North America

52.5

30.5

24.7

6

-1

10

12.9

2.6

2.9

6

-18

15

Latin America

2.1

1.5

1.0

3

20

52

79.1

22.5

17.6

2

3

4

42.3

34.7

19.9

2

9

9

Western Europe

Trade by sector

C./E. Europe/

114

2.4

1.1

0.5

-2

-15

25

1.0

0.7

0.4

3

7

43

4.0

1.5

0.9

0

-6

-8

Africa

Baltic States/CIS

0.6

0.4

0.3

4

-17

40

9.6

3.2

2.1

1

-20

-2

Middle East

1.2

1.2

0.6

0

8

4

190.6

33.3

42.4

8

15

25

Asia

113.0

31.0

53.1

14

22

29

Table IV.30

Leading exporters and importers of manufactures, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world exports/imports

Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1980

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

United States

650.2

13.0

12.2

14.0

8

Germany

458.7

14.8

15.7

9.9

2

1

3

13

5

-1

Japan

449.7

11.2

11.5

9.7

5

-1

-8

8

14

France

245.0

7.4

6.7

5.3

United Kingdom

229.6

7.5

6.1

5.0

4

8

-1

3

5

-1

-3

2

China a

219.9

0.8

1.9

Italy

209.9

6.0

6.2

4.7

17

3

7

28

4.5

4

2

-3

Hong Kong, China

192.5

-

1

-

-

10

-7

1

17

Exporters

domestic exports

22.1

1.2

1.1

0.5

-2

-10

-9

6

170.4

-

-

-

13

-6

3

18

Canada

175.6

2.7

3.1

3.8

9

4

13

10

Korea, Rep. of

154.6

1.4

2.5

3.3

10

-3

13

20

Belgium

147.6

-

-

3.2

-

-

-

5

Taipei, Chinese

140.9

1.6

2.6

3.0

9

-9

8

22

Mexico a

138.6

0.2

1.1

3.0

19

12

16

19

Netherlands

124.4

3.4

3.3

2.7

5

-10

2

4

Singapore

118.0

0.8

1.6

2.5

12

-11

6

20

domestic exports

63.6

0.3

1.0

1.4

10

-10

8

10

re-exports

54.4

0.5

0.6

1.2

15

-13

3

33

3484.7

75.9

79.2

75.3

-

-

-

-

United States

969.1

11.2

15.4

20.0

10

8

11

15

Germany

337.1

8.8

10.4

7.0

3

10

1

-3

United Kingdom

274.8

6.4

6.9

5.7

5

4

2

4

France

240.2

6.5

7.1

5.0

3

12

0

5

Japan

212.7

2.3

4.1

4.4

8

-13

12

20

Canada b

200.7

3.7

3.8

4.2

8

4

8

9

Hong Kong, China

192.7

-

-

-

11

-11

-2

20

re-exports

Above 15

22.3

1.1

0.9

0.5

0

-32

-29

30

China a

retained imports

169.9

1.1

1.7

3.5

15

3

17

28

Italy

160.4

4.0

4.6

3.3

4

9

3

2

Mexico a, b

151.2

1.3

1.3

3.1

17

13

16

24

Belgium

135.2

-

-

2.8

-

-

-

4

Netherlands

129.0

3.7

3.6

2.7

4

-1

7

1

Spain

111.4

1.1

2.5

2.3

6

14

11

-2

Taipei, Chinese

110.6

0.9

1.5

2.3

12

-4

10

27

Singapore

110.1

1.2

1.8

2.3

10

-21

8

19

55.7

0.7

1.3

1.2

6

-28

13

8

3334.7

56.7

69.2

69.0

-

-

-

-

retained imports Above 15

Trade by sector

Importers

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones. b Imports are valued f.o.b.

115

Table IV.31

Exports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-00 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in economy’s total merchandise exports

Value 1990 World

Trade by sector

Argentina Australia Austria Bangladesh Belarus Belgium b Belgium-Luxembourg b Brazil Bulgaria Canada

2390.00 3.57 6.90 36.79 1.21 91.19 16.14 … 73.31

China c Croatia Czech Rep. c Denmark Egypt Finland France Germany Greece Hong Kong, China domestic exports re-exports

44.31 20.93 1.09 22.12 161.31 375.65 4.26 75.64 27.41 48.23

Hungary c India b Indonesia Ireland Israel b Italy Japan Korea, Rep. of Luxembourg Macau, China

6.28 12.52 9.04 16.44 10.43 148.08 275.13 60.60 1.67

Malaysia c Mauritius Mexico c Morocco c Netherlands New Zealand Norway Pakistan Philippines c Poland

15.82 0.80 25.26 2.21 77.82 2.39 11.13 4.39 5.66 8.47

Portugal Romania Russian Fed. d Singapore domestic exports re-exports Slovak Rep. Slovenia Spain Sri Lanka Sweden Switzerland

13.07 3.60 37.55 23.76 13.79 41.68 1.02 47.45 59.59

Taipei, Chinese Thailand Tunisia Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom United States Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-exports Extra-exports

62.05 14.58 2.42 8.78 146.71 290.49 1203.33 771.74 431.60

I

I

I

I I I I I

I I

I

I

I I

I

I I

1995

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

3641.80

4055.70

4217.30

4630.00

70.5

74.9

7.10 14.27 46.81 2.90 … 128.49 24.58 3.10 118.22

9.22 14.06 50.46 4.59 5.48 139.73 27.51 2.68 140.24

7.40 14.94 49.40 … 4.44 141.03 25.51 2.37 159.03

... 15.23 48.34 … … 147.55 31.80 2.83 175.64

28.9 17.4 89.1 72.2 77.5 51.4 … 57.4

31.7 23.8 75.6 90.7 74.9 79.3 78.1 57.7 59.9 63.5

124.84 3.42 18.00 29.16 1.39 33.63 218.05 453.44 5.37 160.77 28.02 132.75

160.34 3.47 23.00 30.98 1.41 37.02 240.11 468.07 5.82 162.91 23.06 139.85

172.06 3.24 23.12 32.45 1.30 35.60 238.54 465.34 5.00 164.70 20.89 143.82

219.86 3.22 25.55 31.57 ... 38.71 244.99 458.72 4.83 192.50 22.14 170.36

71.4 56.8 42.3 83.3 74.5 89.2 52.5 91.8 94.5 90.3

88.2 73.2 88.1 63.6 36.5 84.8 82.2 83.2 47.2 95.1 93.5 95.3

19.03 25.21 21.55 53.47 21.51 216.01 365.56 114.21 2.07

21.58 29.02 26.20 60.34 24.06 208.46 393.14 128.67 6.23 2.14

24.49 ... 35.24 65.51 29.55 209.87 449.69 154.62 6.23 2.48

62.8 69.7 35.2 69.2 86.3 87.0 95.7 93.2 98.6

87.2 79.9 56.7 82.0 94.3 88.3 93.8 89.8 79.4 98.1

57.65 1.23 99.88 4.69 117.76 3.78 14.39 7.14 26.46 21.77

67.84 1.17 115.98 4.90 119.74 3.97 14.37 7.06 32.16 21.54

81.30 1.21 138.57 4.59 124.41 3.99 13.27 7.80 34.75 25.32

53.8 67.3 62.0 51.8 59.1 25.2 32.7 78.6 70.1 59.1

82.8 80.8 83.3 61.8 58.5 30.0 22.1 85.0 87.4 80.0

20.96 6.69 22.78 92.93 53.20 39.73 9.21 8.14 84.72 ... 69.74 73.31

21.13 6.66 20.27 98.54 57.68 40.87 8.71 7.71 87.10 3.35 69.92 74.07

19.66 7.95 25.35 118.04 63.65 54.40 9.95 ... 87.78 ... 71.55 73.88

79.6 72.6 71.2 68.2 77.0 74.9 51.3 82.5 93.4

84.3 76.7 24.1 85.6 80.8 92.0 83.6 89.6 77.2 73.1 82.3 90.6

104.88 41.22 4.35 16.04 … 197.60 450.28

107.13 39.33 4.72 20.66 8.58 233.14 558.11

115.68 43.15 4.61 21.02 7.59 224.98 575.33

140.88 54.88 4.51 22.31 ... 229.56 650.17

92.4 63.2 68.6 67.7 79.2 73.8

95.0 79.5 77.1 84.0 65.6 80.8 83.2

1610.60 991.03 619.57

1786.28 1102.67 683.61

1795.29 1114.57 680.72

1831.40 1095.76 735.64

79.8 78.8 81.6

81.4 78.7 85.6

8.70 23.21 22.96 31.12 16.96 206.15 421.62 114.40 1.94 55.09 1.08 61.64 2.43 110.80 4.20 13.59 6.77 13.78 16.27 19.36 6.12 21.68 99.04 57.87 41.16 6.98 7.44 69.74 2.78 60.88 76.10

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

a Or nearest year. b Includes significant exports of diamonds. For the most recent year, the share of diamonds in exports of manufactures was 9 per cent for Belgium, 22 per cent for India, and 32 per cent for Israel. c Includes significant exports from processing zones. d Includes Secretariat estimates.

116

Table IV.32

Imports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-00 (Billion dollars and percentage)

1990 Algeria Argentina Australia b Austria Belgium c Belgium-Luxembourg c Brazil Canada b Chile China d

6.66 3.10 31.61 40.67 I 88.78 I 12.62 92.90 5.29 42.39

1995

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

6.97 17.20 49.14 54.18 116.03 38.18 135.70 11.80 103.41

6.09 27.81 51.40 56.07 131.05 46.45 169.70 13.79 113.05

6.15 22.59 55.47 55.43 130.34 39.24 183.52 10.41 132.77

… … 56.61 52.72 135.23 43.01 200.75 11.86 169.88

68.6 76.0 78.9 82.8 74.2 56.0 79.7 68.9 79.5

67.1 88.5 83.8 76.6 79.0 78.6 73.4 83.6 65.5 75.5

11.66 6.29 23.32 I 35.14 9.73 3.50 I 24.78 227.18 343.85 22.39

8.41 5.70 23.10 34.29 9.39 3.03 23.84 227.92 346.47 20.20

9.19 5.78 25.64 33.84 … 3.84 24.63 240.16 337.10 17.65

76.5 69.2 56.2 76.2 73.4 71.0 70.3

78.7 73.0 79.5 75.9 58.6 90.1 73.1 78.6 67.4 62.5

Colombia Croatia Czech Rep. b, d Denmark Egypt Estonia Finland France Germany Greece

4.28 23.07 5.18 20.56 172.11 252.63 13.90

I I I I

10.78 5.00 19.82 31.37 7.11 1.80 21.87 208.03 I 332.62 18.31

Hong Kong, China retained imports Hungary d India c Indonesia Ireland Israel c Italy Japan Korea, Rep. of Kuwait

70.53 22.30 7.27 12.17 16.64 15.74 I 11.68 113.13 I 99.95 44.10 2.61

170.56 37.81 11.63 I 19.31 29.57 24.47 23.15 134.78 177.91 89.85 6.29

164.10 24.25 21.67 20.09 18.89 35.88 22.57 152.68 158.73 54.51 6.87

161.03 17.21 24.25 22.79 13.89 38.46 25.87 157.25 177.67 74.52 5.95

192.67 22.31 27.08 … 20.48 41.45 29.04 160.37 212.67 97.32 …

83.2 71.2 70.3 51.5 76.2 76.1 69.5 62.2 42.5 63.1 65.6

89.9 63.0 84.4 50.8 61.0 82.6 76.2 68.7 56.0 60.6 78.1

I

Luxembourg Malaysia d Mauritius Mexico b, d Netherlands New Zealand Norway Pakistan Peru Philippines d

22.87 1.28 32.48 88.95 I 7.56 21.40 3.99 1.61 8.96

64.42 1.44 58.08 113.43 11.50 25.96 6.63 5.69 21.94

48.63 1.60 105.89 119.89 9.03 30.82 5.05 5.99 25.26

7.74 54.33 1.72 122.39 128.18 11.75 27.57 5.21 4.98 25.86

6.99 70.31 1.47 151.18 128.96 10.81 27.52 5.09 5.68 25.74

78.2 79.2 80.6 70.5 79.6 78.6 52.8 57.0 68.7

68.8 85.5 66.6 86.7 65.5 76.8 81.5 46.0 76.5 74.4

Poland Portugal Romania Russian Fed. e Saudi Arabia Singapore retained imports Slovak Rep. b Slovenia South Africa b Spain

7.26 18.11 I 2.95 18.23 44.42 30.63 … 61.65 I

21.61 I 24.12 6.48 28.45 I 20.67 103.32 62.15 5.75 I 7.00 20.81 80.22

37.76 28.30 8.62 41.12 21.96 85.25 45.51 10.11 8.04 18.41 102.17

37.17 30.26 8.01 26.88 20.47 92.42 51.55 8.48 8.01 17.38 113.76

38.14 27.69 9.82 30.77 22.05 110.14 55.75 9.05 … 18.72 111.36

62.8 71.7 38.8 75.7 72.9 71.2 … 70.3

77.4 73.1 75.3 69.6 67.2 81.8 73.8 70.8 80.5 69.9 72.5

Sweden Switzerland Taipei, Chinese Thailand Tunisia Turkey United Kingdom United States Venezuela b

42.77 I 58.01 36.77 24.83 3.91 13.63 169.49 I 375.65 5.05

49.30 68.29 76.85 56.70 5.75 24.41 211.58 607.82 8.24

52.91 67.02 79.29 32.90 6.58 34.64 260.06 757.56 11.68

52.79 68.09 87.27 38.89 6.65 29.93 264.68 842.84 11.02

54.22 69.01 110.64 50.16 6.40 38.16 274.84 969.10 12.73

78.8 83.3 67.1 74.4 70.5 61.1 76.0 72.7 76.5

74.6 83.6 79.0 80.9 73.2 70.7 82.9 77.0 81.2

1121.53 I 772.63 I 348.89

1487.93

1704.15

1749.98

1783.59

75.5

496.91

601.48

635.41

687.83

72.0 78.7 60.5

Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-imports f Extra-imports

Trade by sector

Share in economy’s total merchandise imports

Value

71.2

a Or nearest year. b Imports are valued f.o.b. c Includes significant imports of diamonds. For the most recent year, the share of diamonds in total imports of manufactures was 10 per cent for Belgium, 23 per cent for India and 23 per cent for Israel. d Includes significant imports into processing zones. e Includes Secretariat estimates. f See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.

117

4.1 Iron and steel Table IV.33

Table IV.34

World trade in iron and steel, 2000

Major regional flows in world exports of iron and steel, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

Value

144

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

Intra-Western Europe

50.1

0

-11

5

Intra-Asia

24.0

6

4

20

-23

43

Annual percentage change 1980-85

-2

1985-90

9

1990-00

3

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS to

1998

-2

1999

-12

Western Europe

6.5

8

2000

14

Intra-North America

6.2

8

-4

12

5.8

3

-11

29

5.2

4

-30

14

Share in world merchandise trade

2.3

Western Europe to North America

Share in world exports of manufactures

3.1

Asia to North America

Table IV.35

Chart IV.8

Share of iron and steel in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2000

Regional shares in world trade in iron and steel, 2000 (Percentage)

(Percentage) Exports

Trade by sector

Annual percentage change

Imports

Western Europe

Share of iron and steel in total merchandise World

2.3

North America

0.9

2.3 1.7

Latin America

2.4

1.9

Western Europe

2.7

2.6

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

7.4

3.3

Africa

1.9

2.8

Middle East

0.5

3.3

Asia

2.1

2.4

World

3.1

3.1

North America

1.2

2.1

Latin America

3.9

2.5

Western Europe

3.4

3.4

13.6

4.6

Asia

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS Exports Imports

North America

Share of iron and steel in manufactures

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa

7.6

4.0

Middle East

2.4

4.4

Asia

2.5

3.4

Latin America

Africa

Middle East

0

118

10

20

30

40

50

60

Table IV.36

Exports of iron and steel by principal region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in Value

World

Region’s exports

World exports

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

143.5

-

-

100.0

100.0

3

-12

14

Western Europe World

66.2

100.0

100.0

61.0

46.1

0

-13

7

Western Europe

50.1

74.9

75.6

45.7

34.9

0

-11

5

North America

5.8

6.8

8.8

4.1

4.0

3

-11

29

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

3.0

3.5

4.6

2.2

2.1

3

-6

6

Asia

3.0

5.8

4.5

3.5

2.1

-2

-9

11

Middle East

1.6

3.6

2.4

2.2

1.1

-4

-27

2

Africa

1.4

3.7

2.2

2.2

1.0

-5

-32

-2

Latin America

1.2

1.7

1.8

1.1

0.8

1

-27

6

Asia World

35.2

100.0

100.0

19.5

24.5

5

-10

20

24.0

63.8

68.3

12.5

16.7

6

4

20

North America

5.2

17.7

14.9

3.5

3.7

4

-30

14

Western Europe

2.4

4.9

6.7

1.0

1.6

9

-43

32

Middle East

1.3

5.7

3.8

1.1

0.9

1

-14

7

Latin America

1.0

2.2

2.9

0.4

0.7

8

-21

19

All other regions

0.6

3.8

1.7

0.7

0.4

-2

-34

-5

Asia

Japan World

14.8

100.0

100.0

11.8

10.3

2

-9

10

11.1

60.5

74.9

7.2

7.7

4

12

15

North America

1.6

19.3

11.1

2.3

1.1

-4

-51

-6

Latin America

0.7

3.1

4.4

0.4

0.5

5

-23

27

Asia

Western Europe

0.6

5.2

4.2

0.6

0.4

-1

-35

1

Middle East

0.5

6.2

3.6

0.7

0.4

-4

-14

-15

All other regions

0.3

5.7

1.9

0.7

0.2

-9

-18

-9

20.3

100.0

100.0

7.7

14.2

10

-11

27

12.9

69.0

63.5

5.3

9.0

9

-2

24

North America

3.6

15.2

17.7

1.2

2.5

11

-7

26

Western Europe

1.7

4.3

8.6

0.3

1.2

17

-46

47

Middle East

0.8

4.9

4.0

0.4

0.6

7

-14

29

All other regions

0.7

1.7

3.4

0.1

0.5

17

-33

3

Asia

Trade by sector

Other economies in Asia World

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS a World

20.0

100.0

100.0

14.0

…

-13

30

Western Europe

6.5

46.7

32.5

6.0 I 2.8

4.5

8

-23

43

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

4.4

14.8 I

21.9

0.9 I

3.1

…

-30

41

Asia

4.1

26.3

20.7

1.6

2.9

9

51

10

North America

1.7

1.4

8.4

0.1

1.2

35

-38

22

All other regions

2.5

10.7

12.6

0.6

1.8

14

-7

24

a Includes the intra trade of the Baltic States and the CIS beginning with 1996.

119

Table IV.37

Iron and steel imports of the European Union and the United States by region and supplier, 2000 (Million dollars and percentage) European Union (15)

Value

Share

2000

2000

United States

Annual percentage change 1999

2000

Region World Western Europe

57093

100.0

-13

8

46350

81.2

-11

5

4710

8.2

-21

22

2000

Annual percentage change 1999

2000

-21

12 14

4955

26.9

-16

4889

26.6

-30

8

Latin America

3393

18.4

-3

11

2926

15.9

-6

9

2455

4.3

-38

35

North America

2.4

-4

25

C./E. Europe/

Africa

1208

2.1

-15

30

804

1.4

0

6

Middle East

174

0.3

-42

159

100.0

Western Europe

1350

North America

18400

Asia

Asia

European Union (15)

Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East

1641

8.9

-50

33

549

3.0

-17

12

47

0.3

-7

87

13

Suppliers 43489

76.2

-11

5

European Union (15)

4529

24.6

-16

Russian Fed.

1332

2.3

-10

45

Canada

2926

15.9

-6

9

South Africa

864

1.5

-18

32

Japan

1412

7.7

-49

-20

Norway

843

1.5

-20

-1

Brazil

1353

7.4

-6

16

Switzerland

759

1.3

-7

8

Mexico

1311

7.1

-4

4

47287

82.8

-11

6

Above 5

11531

62.7

-20

6

Above 5

Trade by sector

World

Latin America

Suppliers

Poland

739

1.3

2

18

Korea, Rep. of

1052

5.7

-21

-1

Turkey

730

1.3

-23

32

Taipei, Chinese

670

3.6

39

36

Czech Rep.

683

1.2

-11

7

China

646

3.5

-9

57

United States

663

1.2

-5

8

Russian Fed.

518

2.8

-72

18

Brazil

655

1.1

-16

23

South Africa

502

2.7

-17

14

Korea, Rep. of

511

0.9

-44

30

Japan

408

0.7

-25

6

China

375

0.7

-38

Ukraine

371

0.6

-22

Slovak Rep.

356

0.6

-25

Ukraine

455

2.5

-23

79

India

399

2.2

-10

93

68

Venezuela

322

1.8

-5

16

-4

Australia

236

1.3

-24

2

10

Thailand

200

1.1

30

96 52

Taipei, Chinese

310

0.5

-49

32

Turkey

198

1.1

-32

Bulgaria

306

0.5

-35

35

Kazakhstan

185

1.0

63

43

Romania

305

0.5

-43

9

Argentina

175

1.0

37

12

Hungary

257

0.5

-28

16

Romania

132

0.7

17

20

India

254

0.4

-40

29

Indonesia

117

0.6

-23

-11

Slovenia

183

0.3

0

8

Norway

116

0.6

11

-1

Argentina

173

0.3

65

34

Poland

97

0.5

-14

109

Colombia

171

0.3

18

47

Trinidad and Tobago

85

0.5

9

-14

TFYR Macedonia

163

0.3

-41

65

Moldova, Rep. of

78

0.4

-10

0

Kazakhstan

151

0.3

-12

24

Dominican Republic

74

0.4

25

61

New Caledonia

132

0.2

-11

55

Malaysia

66

0.4

41

54

Australia

131

0.2

-43

21

Latvia

54

0.3

37

-31

Thailand

130

0.2

-46

195

TFYR Macedonia

50

0.3

-48

145

Mexico

125

0.2

-21

45

Colombia

47

0.3

9

91

Iran, Islamic Rep. of

108

0.2

-60

192

Czech Rep.

40

0.2

-48

66

55677

97.5

-

-

18044

98.1

-

-

Above 30

120

2000

Share

Region

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Value

Above 30

Table IV.38

Leading exporters and importers of iron and steel, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world exports/imports

Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1980

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

Japan

14.83

20.4

11.8

Germany

13.39

15.1

15.1

10.3

2

9.3

-2

-7

-9

10

2

-17

France

9.36

9.5

8.5

6.5

3

0

2

-9

Belgium

8.10

-

-

9

5.6

-

-

-

12

Italy

6.81

4.9

5.6

4.7

1

-1

-19

16

Russian Fed. a

6.63

United States

6.32

-

-

4.6

-

-23

-15

33

4.2

3.3

4.4

6

-3

-10

Korea, Rep. of b

5.91

16

2.2

3.4

4.7

6

26

-18

…

Taipei, Chinese China c

4.53

0.4

0.8

3.2

18

-2

11

28

4.39

…

1.2

3.1

13

-26

-19

65

United Kingdom

4.33

3.0

5.1

3.0

-2

-7

-24

3

Ukraine a, b

4.01

-

-

3.2

-

-9

-7

…

Sweden

3.80

3.0

3.2

2.7

1

-3

-11

9

Brazil

3.64

1.1

3.4

2.5

0

-6

-15

17

Spain

3.55

2.5

2.6

2.5

3

-5

-11

18

99.62

73.6

71.4

70.4

-

-

-

-

7

Exporters

Above 15 Memorandum item: European Union (15)

61.60

52.9

57.0

42.9

0

3

-13

Intra-exports

43.49

30.9

39.5

30.3

0

8

-11

5

Extra-exports

18.11

22.0

17.5

12.6

0

-7

-17

12

United States

18.40

10.1

9.5

11.7

6

20

-21

12

Germany

10.86

8.3

11.5

6.9

-2

10

-16

1

China c

9.69

…

2.5

6.2

13

-3

16

29

France

8.71

6.6

7.0

5.6

1

14

-15

17

Italy

8.32

5.1

6.1

5.3

2

13

-19

13

Canada d

5.26

1.6

2.0

3.4

9

7

-10

24

Belgium

5.17

-

-

3.3

-

-

-

19

Taipei, Chinese

4.73

1.4

2.5

3.0

5

-20

-4

12

Spain

4.32

1.0

2.3

2.8

5

15

-4

2

United Kingdom

4.31

4.2

4.3

2.8

-1

-2

-24

3

Korea, Rep. of b

4.00

1.2

2.9

2.9

2

-50

42

…

Japan

3.66

1.1

4.1

2.3

-2

-28

-8

24

Netherlands

3.51

2.9

3.6

2.2

-1

5

-17

6

Hong Kong, China

3.19

-

-

-

8

-10

-15

6

retained imports

1.32

0.8

0.8

0.8

3

-9

-10

9

3.02

2.2

1.0

2.2

12

14

-10

…

95.30

49.8

63.1

61.5

-

-

-

-

Mexico b, c, d Above 15 a b c d

Trade by sector

Importers

Includes Secretariat estimates. 1999 instead of 2000. Includes significant shipments through processing zones. Imports are valued f.o.b.

121

4.2 Chemicals Table IV.39

Table IV.40

World trade in chemicals, 2000

Major regional flows in world exports of chemicals, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

Value

574

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

209.8

4

0

0

Intra-Asia

65.6

12

15

23

Western Europe to North America

38.8

12

24

11

Western Europe to Asia

28.4

5

15

6

Intra-North America

28.3

10

8

11

North America to Western Europe

24.9

7

4

14

Annual percentage change 1980-85

1

1985-90

14

1990-00

7

1998

2

1999

4

2000

8

Share in world merchandise trade

9.3

Share in world exports of manufactures

12.4

Intra-Western Europe

Table IV.41

Chart IV.9

Share of chemicals in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2000

Regional shares in world trade in chemicals, 2000 (Percentage)

(Percentage) Exports

Trade by sector

Annual percentage change

Imports

Western Europe

Share of chemicals in total merchandise World

9.3

9.3

North America

9.2

6.3

Latin America

4.8

11.2

13.1

10.7

Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

6.7

10.8

Africa

4.1

10.7

Middle East

6.1

9.1

Asia

6.0

8.9

12.4

12.4

11.8

7.9

Asia

North America Exports Imports

Latin America

Share of chemicals in manufactures World North America

7.9

14.5

Western Europe

Latin America

16.4

14.2

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

12.4

15.0

Africa

16.9

15.7

Middle East

28.2

12.1

7.1

12.6

Asia

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Middle East

Africa

0

122

10

20

30

40

50

60

Table IV.42

Exports of chemicals by principal region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in Value

World

Region’s exports

World exports

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

573.8

-

-

100.0

100.0

7

4

8

2

Western Europe World

320.6

100.0

100.0

65.1

55.9

5

3

Western Europe

209.8

70.2

65.4

45.7

36.6

4

0

0

North America

38.8

6.5

12.1

4.2

6.8

12

24

11

Asia

28.4

9.2

8.9

6.0

5.0

5

15

6

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

16.7

4.0

5.2

2.6

2.9

8

-6

12

Latin America

9.2

2.6

2.9

1.7

1.6

6

-5

3

Africa

7.3

3.5

2.3

2.3

1.3

1

-6

-4

Middle East

7.1

2.9

2.2

1.9

1.2

2

-4

0

Asia World

98.8

100.0

100.0

11.4

17.2

11

12

17

Asia

65.6

62.0

66.4

7.1

11.4

12

15

23

Western Europe

13.3

16.1

13.4

1.8

2.3

9

8

3

North America

12.6

13.2

12.7

1.5

2.2

11

9

10

Latin America

2.3

1.2

2.3

0.1

0.4

18

5

18

Middle East

1.9

1.8

1.9

0.2

0.3

12

9

14

Africa

1.6

1.3

1.6

0.1

0.3

13

4

2

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

0.8

3.0

0.8

0.3

0.1

-2

16

14

35.2

100.0

100.0

5.3

6.1

8

13

14

21.4

57.0

60.9

3.0

3.7

9

20

20

North America

7.3

16.4

20.7

0.9

1.3

11

7

10

Western Europe

5.5

20.3

15.7

1.1

1.0

6

3

2

Latin America

0.5

1.6

1.5

0.1

0.1

8

-3

5

All other regions

0.4

4.7

1.2

0.3

0.1

-6

-5

3

63.7

100.0

100.0

6.1

11.1

15

12

26

44.2

66.5

69.5

4.0

7.7

16

13

31

Western Europe

7.7

12.3

12.2

0.7

1.4

15

11

10

North America

5.3

10.3

8.3

0.6

0.9

12

11

23

Latin America

1.8

0.9

2.8

0.1

0.3

30

9

29

Middle East

1.7

1.9

2.6

0.1

0.3

20

13

20

Africa

1.4

1.7

2.2

0.1

0.2

18

5

5

Japan World Asia

Asia

Trade by sector

Other economies in Asia World

North America World

97.0

100.0

100.0

15.6

16.9

8

5

13

North America

28.3

23.2

29.2

3.6

4.9

10

8

11

Western Europe

24.9

27.0

25.7

4.2

4.3

7

4

14

Asia

23.6

32.2

24.3

5.0

4.1

5

10

12

Latin America

17.6

14.0

18.1

2.2

3.1

11

-2

18

2.6

3.6

2.7

0.6

0.5

5

-7

17

All other regions

123

Table IV.43

Leading exporters and importers of chemicals, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world exports/imports

Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1980

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

United States

82.27

14.8

13.3

14.3

8

-2

4

14

Germany

69.49

17.2

17.9

12.1

3

4

0

-2

France

41.49

9.4

9.6

7.2

4

6

3

3

Belgium

35.25

-

-

6.1

-

-

-

7

Japan

35.16

4.7

5.3

6.1

8

-9

13

14

United Kingdom

34.95

8.7

8.0

6.1

4

2

-6

1

Netherlands

25.40

8.0

6.8

4.4

2

-8

-12

8

Ireland

25.02

0.8

1.3

4.4

21

52

9

11

Italy

22.49

3.9

3.7

3.9

7

3

4

7

Switzerland

22.29

4.0

4.7

3.9

5

6

4

-5

Canada

14.80

2.5

2.3

2.6

8

-4

6

15

Korea, Rep. of

13.78

0.5

0.8

2.4

19

-4

5

28

China a

12.10

0.8

1.3

2.1

12

1

1

17

Spain

10.64

1.1

1.6

1.9

9

6

8

6

Hong Kong, China

10.43

-

-

-

9

-11

-1

11

domestic exports

0.81

0.1

0.3

0.1

-1

-16

-16

11

re-exports

9.62

-

-

-

11

-10

0

12

445.92

81.6

82.3

77.7

-

-

-

-

Exporters

Above 15 Memorandum item: European Union (15)

293.15

58.4

59.0

51.1

5

6

3

2

Intra-exports

174.57

35.0

37.9

30.4

5

10

0

0

Extra-exports

118.58

23.3

21.1

20.7

7

1

8

6

United States

76.01

6.2

7.7

12.7

12

8

14

19

Germany

44.68

9.2

10.4

7.5

3

15

3

-4

France

38.00

8.4

8.2

6.4

4

8

0

6

United Kingdom

30.88

5.1

6.3

5.2

5

2

0

3

China a

30.21

2.0

2.2

5.1

16

4

19

26

Italy

28.76

5.5

6.5

4.8

4

3

3

1

Belgium

28.31

-

-

4.7

-

-

-

7

Japan

26.04

4.1

5.0

4.4

6

-10

11

14

Canada b

20.06

2.2

2.5

3.4

10

5

9

9

Netherlands

18.74

4.4

4.3

3.1

4

-4

-1

6

Spain

16.35

1.8

2.8

2.7

7

7

3

0

Taipei, Chinese

15.58

1.3

2.3

2.6

8

-13

7

23

Mexico a, b

15.40

1.5

1.2

2.6

15

7

12

19

Switzerland

13.72

2.5

2.6

2.3

5

6

4

2

Korea, Rep. of

13.52

1.3

2.4

2.3

6

-30

22

19

416.26

59.5

68.7

69.6

-

-

-

-

Trade by sector

Importers

Above 15

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones. b Imports are valued f.o.b.

124

4.3 Machinery and transport equipment Table IV.44

Table IV.45

World trade in machinery and transport equipment, 2000

Major regional flows in world exports of machinery and transport equipment, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

Value

2566

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

Intra-Western Europe

650.0

5

2

0

Intra-Asia

359.7

13

16

29

Asia to North America

249.7

8

11

16

Intra-North America

200.3

9

13

7

Annual percentage change 1980-85

3

1985-90

15

1990-00

8

1998

3

1999

6

2000

11

Annual percentage change

Share in world merchandise trade

41.5

Asia to Western Europe

156.3

8

7

14

Share in world exports of manufactures

55.4

North America to Asia

120.0

9

5

18

Table IV.46

Chart IV.10

Share of machinery and transport equipment in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2000

Regional shares in world trade in machinery and transport equipment, 2000

(Percentage)

(Percentage)

Imports

Share of machinery and transport equipment in total merchandise World North America Latin America Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia Australia, Japan and New Zealand Other Asia

Western Europe 41.5 49.6 34.6 41.1 21.8 4.4 6.0 50.5 60.8 45.2

41.5 48.3 42.7 39.5 33.5 34.3 36.0 40.7 32.5 44.1

55.4 63.6 57.1 51.3 40.3 17.9 27.4 59.9 72.1 53.7

55.4 60.4 55.5 52.3 46.6 50.2 48.3 57.8 52.6 59.6

Share of machinery and transport equipment in manufactures World North America Latin America Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia Australia, Japan and New Zealand Other Asia

Trade by sector

Exports

Asia

North America Exports Imports

Latin America

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Middle East

Africa

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

125

Table IV.47

Exports of machinery and transport equipment by principal region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in Value

World

Region’s exports

World exports

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

2565.9

-

-

100.0

100.0

8

6

11

Western Europe World

1004.2

100.0

100.0

50.2

39.1

5

1

3

Western Europe

650.0

67.9

64.7

34.1

25.3

5

2

0

North America

119.4

9.4

11.9

4.7

4.7

8

7

9

Asia

93.8

8.4

9.3

4.2

3.7

6

-3

17

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

55.1

4.7

5.5

2.4

2.1

7

-10

14

Latin America

28.0

2.3

2.8

1.2

1.1

7

-13

4

Africa

25.2

3.8

2.5

1.9

1.0

1

-4

0

Middle East

23.8

2.7

2.4

1.4

0.9

4

-7

6

Asia World

832.1

100.0

100.0

26.3

32.4

10

11

20

Asia

359.7

31.8

43.2

8.4

14.0

13

16

29

North America

249.7

36.3

30.0

9.6

9.7

8

11

16

Western Europe

156.3

22.9

18.8

6.0

6.1

8

7

14

Latin America

22.5

2.3

2.7

0.6

0.9

12

-11

19

All other regions

30.8

4.9

3.7

1.3

1.2

7

-11

9

Japan World

329.7

100.0

100.0

16.7

12.8

5

8

14

Asia

122.4

28.7

37.1

4.8

4.8

8

13

27

North America

116.2

38.0

35.2

6.4

4.5

4

10

11

Western Europe

61.6

23.7

18.7

4.0

2.4

3

3

6

Latin America

10.2

2.7

3.1

0.4

0.4

0

0

0

Middle East

7.5

2.9

2.3

0.5

0.3

2

-23

-1

Africa

3.1

1.5

1.0

0.3

0.1

0

-5

-8

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1.9

0.8

0.6

0.1

0.1

1

-21

31

Other economies in Asia

Trade by sector

World

502.5

100.0

100.0

9.6

19.6

16

13

24

Asia

237.3

37.3

47.2

3.6

9.2

19

17

29

North America

133.5

33.4

26.6

3.2

5.2

13

12

19

Western Europe

94.7

21.5

18.8

2.1

3.7

14

9

20

Latin America

12.3

1.7

2.5

0.2

0.5

20

-1

22

Middle East

9.3

1.7

1.9

0.2

0.4

17

-4

23

Africa

5.0

1.2

1.0

0.1

0.2

13

1

7

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

3.9

1.2

0.8

0.1

0.2

11

-11

10

10

North America World

126

524.4

100.0

100.0

18.9

20.4

9

7

North America

200.3

38.1

38.2

7.2

7.8

9

13

7

Asia

120.0

21.9

22.9

4.1

4.7

9

5

18

Western Europe

100.1

24.9

19.1

4.7

3.9

6

7

6

Latin America

84.8

10.6

16.2

2.0

3.3

13

1

20

Middle East

10.5

2.5

2.0

0.5

0.4

6

-15

-18

Africa

5.5

1.7

1.0

0.3

0.2

3

-15

14

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

3.2

0.3

0.6

0.1

0.1

16

-23

1

Table IV.48

Leading exporters and importers of machinery and transport equipment, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world exports/imports

Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1980

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

United States

413.5

16.4

15.1

16.1

Japan

329.7

14.5

16.7

12.8

9

2

3

12

5

-8

8

Germany

272.1

16.3

17.2

14

10.6

3

5

0

France

136.1

7.0

0

6.5

5.3

6

12

-1

United Kingdom

133.3

4

7.6

6.2

5.2

6

0

-2

4

Canada Korea, Rep. of

111.4

3.2

3.9

4.3

9

4

16

10

100.3

0.7

2.1

3.9

15

-4

20

29

Mexico a

99.4

0.1

1.3

3.9

20

14

19

22

Singapore

93.2

1.0

2.2

3.6

13

-11

4

23

domestic exports

49.9

1.0

1.5

1.9

11

-12

4

11

re-exports

43.2

0.0

0.7

1.7

18

-11

4

40

Italy

91.3

4.8

5.2

3.6

4

5

-4

0

Taipei, Chinese

87.1

0.9

2.2

3.4

13

-7

11

28

China a

82.6

0.2

0.9

3.2

23

15

17

40

Hong Kong, China

77.7

-

-

-

14

-5

4

28

domestic exports

5.8

0.5

0.6

0.2

-2

-21

-15

12

re-exports

72.0

-

-

-

18

-3

6

29

Netherlands

65.2

2.4

2.5

2.5

8

-3

8

5

Malaysia a

60.6

0.3

0.9

2.4

19

-2

21

15

2081.5

75.9

83.4

81.1

-

-

-

-

United States

570.9

12.1

17.5

21.6

10

7

13

17

Germany

179.3

6.6

9.4

6.8

5

10

4

1

United Kingdom

153.5

5.7

6.9

5.8

6

4

4

5

Canada b

124.8

5.1

4.8

4.7

8

3

9

9

France

121.9

5.5

6.5

4.6

4

16

2

7

Japan

Exporters

Above 15

106.1

1.6

3.0

4.0

11

-10

14

24

China a

91.9

1.0

1.8

3.5

16

8

22

32

Hong Kong, China

90.8

-

-

-

15

-10

-4

30

retained imports

18.9

0.7

0.7

0.7

8

-24

-30

34

Mexico a, b

88.8

1.6

1.6

3.4

17

16

18

26

Singapore

82.0

1.4

2.2

3.1

12

-19

9

23

38.7

1.3

1.5

1.5

8

-26

13

8

Italy

78.5

3.8

4.4

3.0

4

13

7

1

Netherlands

71.7

2.9

3.2

2.7

6

5

10

2

Taipei, Chinese

70.4

1.0

1.7

2.7

13

4

13

30

Spain

62.2

1.1

2.7

2.4

6

17

17

-2

Korea, Rep. of

59.1

0.9

2.0

2.2

9

-36

40

35

1879.9

51.1

68.4

71.0

-

-

-

-

retained imports

Above 15

Trade by sector

Importers

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones. b Imports are valued f.o.b.

127

Table IV.49

Exports of machinery and transport equipment of selected economies, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage) Share in economy’s total merchandise exports

Value 1990

World

Trade by sector

Argentina Australia Austria Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Canada China b Croatia Czech Rep. b

1212940 712 3167 15701 32268 5829 47229 10833 -

Denmark Finland France Germany Hong Kong, China domestic exports re-exports Hungary b Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy

9197 8251 78378 209175 21176 7206 13970 2565 367 7447 2930 63233

Japan Korea, Rep. of Luxembourg Malaysia b Malta Mexico b Netherlands Philippines b Poland Portugal

202934 25545 10513 581 16152 30730 2160 3754 3201

Romania Russian Fed. c Singapore domestic exports re-exports Slovak Rep. Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Taipei, Chinese Thailand

1451 26437 17951 8486 21611 24860 20116 26224 5070

Turkey United Kingdom United States

855 74903 182600

Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-exports Extra-exports

579293 360776 218517

a Or nearest year. b Includes significant exports from processing zones. c Includes Secretariat estimates.

128

I

I I

I I I I

I I

I

I

I I

I

I I

1995

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

1903840

2189120

2310380

2565860

35.8

41.5

2277 6792 20756 45958 8847 73651 31368 778 6585

4200 6725 23932 52009 12599 87393 50217 1380 10874

2790 7092 24051 52407 11387 101708 58836 1247 11336

... 7262 24199 54897 15532 111436 82600 1195 12894

5.8 8.0 38.0 27.4 18.6 37.0 17.4 -

12.0 11.4 37.9 29.5 29 28.2 40.3 33.1 27.2 44.5

12260 14304 112675 256319 56261 8810 47451 3292 3830 15128 5111 86894

13185 18043 131936 269803 58597 6000 52597 11956 4656 23446 7804 94521

13683 17854 130594 271139 60761 5121 55640 14331 5293 27864 8418 91029

13027 20727 136059 272074 77730 5755 71975 16853 10769 30698 11172 91299

24.9 31.1 36.2 49.7 25.7 24.8 26.2 25.7 1.4 31.4 24.3 37.1

26.2 45.4 45.6 49.3 38.4 24.3 40.3 60.0 17.3 38.4 35.7 38.4

268466 65090 43381 1192 68041 57428 21266 8021 8002

286790 77954 1813 52671 1256 81305 61916 27232 8278 8368

329661 100275 2062 60637 ... 99369 65230 29201 10821 7997

70.6 39.3 35.7 51.3 39.7 23.3 26.8 26.2 19.5

68.8 58.2 26.3 61.7 63.4 59.7 30.7 73.4 34.2 34.3

1209 6439 73025 43336 29689 3961 3319 46718 39587 24794 61404 21878

1429 5708 76018 45077 30941 4010 3035 48360 40183 24518 68311 24505

1949 6857 93183 49940 43243 4672 ... 48168 41841 24978 87136 31969

29.3 50.1 51.5 47.4 38.8 43.2 31.5 39.1 22.0

18.8 6.5 67.6 63.4 73.2 39.2 35.3 42.3 48.1 30.6 58.7 46.3

2402 103537 281488

4056 130538 358168

5037 128284 369298

5667 133289 413516

6.6 40.5 46.4

21.3 46.9 52.9

792812 469762 323050

918955 554191 364764

929306 572651 356654

958909 567705 391204

38.4 36.8 41.3

42.6 40.8 45.5

311501 65646 40679 1269 41577 47217 8902 4829 6266 1038 4943 77604 47791 29813 1615 2614 37999 32620 25673 54956 18997

I

I

I

I

I

I

Table IV.50

Imports of machinery and transport equipment of selected economies, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage)

1990

1995

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

3800 1304 17210 18974 I 37679 I 6364 58524 3065 21513

3292 8961 26978 24429 48111 21055 84764 6308 52574

3045 15735 27841 27099 53086 26702 105323 7383 56845

3040 11866 30851 27211 53694 22243 114852 5093 69453

... ... 31697 26294 54788 24274 124839 5809 91931

39.1 32.0 42.9 38.6 31.5 28.3 50.2 39.9 40.3

33.2 46.5 46.9 38.2 32.0 31.8 41.4 52.0 32.1 40.8

I I I I

5184 2009 9363 13822 1681 2969 11428 96807 I 155595 7116

5670 2952 11353 I 16115 1957 4328 14103 111971 169952 10494

3675 2706 11335 15874 871 4198 13663 114352 177307 9960

3640 2568 12906 16020 916 ... 14331 121859 179283 8134

36.2 29.9 35.6 22.8 38.8 33.9 32.3 31.0

31.2 32.5 40.0 35.9 26.8 26.2 42.5 39.9 35.9 28.8

Hong Kong, China retained imports Hungary c Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Japan Korea, Rep. of Luxembourg Malaysia c

23031 9061 3578 9328 7444 I 4047 54259 I 36046 23951 14696

71604 24153 4760 I 16290 13656 9624 59804 75837 49438 46192

72662 20065 11971 9932 22413 9445 72710 74884 31216 36357

69691 14051 14054 5710 24304 10968 77544 85288 43609 3912 40079

90833 18858 16517 9212 26893 12431 78516 106068 59079 3274 51492

27.2 28.9 34.6 42.7 36.0 24.1 29.8 15.3 34.3 50.2

42.4 53.2 51.5 27.5 53.6 32.6 33.7 27.9 36.8 32.3 62.6

Mexico b, c Morocco c Netherlands New Zealand Norway Pakistan Peru Philippines c Poland Portugal

19233 2031 38946 I 3956 11031 1882 860 4921 4336 9362 I

31290 1987 I 52013 5887 12317 3387 2975 14223 8688 I 11336

59961 2939 64264 5002 16502 2126 3082 18157 17858 14085

70462 3217 70420 6189 14509 2253 2389 17982 17543 15587

88755 2711 71741 5478 15320 2048 2417 17895 18114 14317

47.7 29.9 30.9 41.6 40.5 24.9 30.4 37.7 37.5 37.1

50.9 25.5 36.4 38.9 45.4 18.5 32.5 51.7 36.7 37.8

Romania Russian Fed. d Saudi Arabia Singapore retained imports Slovak Rep. b Slovenia South Africa b Spain Sweden Switzerland

1674 8990 27163 18677 7330 33421 I 21038 I 21989

2544 14195 I 10001 72048 42235 2535 I 3204 12011 40323 25758 26795

3234 19053 11293 61451 31762 5213 3682 10381 54354 29146 25696

2744 11989 10657 66850 35909 4213 3727 9228 63617 29056 27605

3811 12605 11849 81981 38738 4466 ... 9920 62237 31189 27786

22.0 37.4 44.6 43.4 42.8 38.1 38.8 31.6

29.2 28.5 36.1 60.9 51.3 34.9 37.4 37.0 40.5 42.9 33.7

Taipei, Chinese Thailand Tunisia Turkey United Kingdom United States Venezuela b

20231 13703 1554 7036 84082 I 214072 2742

41610 33647 2048 11492 108761 357882 3995

48274 18549 2574 18130 141244 431607 6798

54349 21722 2889 15378 146546 489192 5861

70413 29438 2756 20348 153452 570888 7817

36.9 41.1 28.0 31.6 37.7 41.4 41.5

50.3 47.5 31.5 37.7 46.3 45.4 49.9

Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-imports e Extra-imports

526400 I 354243 I 172157

709740

862992

907518

934912

39.6

239978

308802

334866

367207

33.8 36.1 29.9

Algeria Argentina Australia b Austria Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Canada b Chile China c Colombia Croatia Czech Rep. b, c Denmark Ecuador Egypt Finland France Germany Greece

a b c d e

2021 9969 662 2100 10473 79578 115052 6138

I

Trade by sector

Share in economy’s total merchandise imports

Value

38.0

Or nearest year. Imports are valued f.o.b. Includes significant imports into processing zones. Includes Secretariat estimates. See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.

129

Office machines and telecom equipment Table IV.51

Table IV.52

World trade in office machines and telecom equipment, 2000

Major regional flows in world exports of office machines and telecom equipment, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

Value

940

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

Intra-Asia

209.6

18

21

31

Intra-Western Europe

176.2

9

7

7

Asia to North America

131.9

10

10

16

Asia to Western Europe

88.9

9

8

19

Annual percentage change 1980-85

9

1985-90

18

1990-00

12

1998

1

1999

12

2000

20

Share in world merchandise trade

15.2

North America to Asia

64.0

13

16

24

Share in world exports of manufactures

20.3

Intra-North America

40.4

13

9

29

Table IV.53

Chart IV.11

Share of office machines and telecom equipment in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2000

Regional shares in world trade in office machines and telecom equipment, 2000

(Percentage)

(Percentage)

Exports

Trade by sector

Annual percentage change

Imports

Asia

Share in total merchandise World North America Latin America Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia Australia, Japan and New Zealand Other Asia

15.2 16.4 10.7 10.6 4.5 0.5 2.6 27.1 19.8 30.9

15.2 16.3 12.8 12.9 7.8 6.8 7.2 21.7 16.4 23.8

20.3 21.1 17.7 13.3 8.4 2.2 11.8 32.2 23.4 36.7

20.3 20.3 16.7 17.1 10.9 9.9 9.6 30.7 26.5 32.2

Western Europe

North America Exports Imports

Latin America

Share in manufactures World North America Latin America Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia Australia, Japan and New Zealand Other Asia

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Middle East

Africa

0

130

10

20

30

40

50

60

Table IV.54

Exports of office machines and telecom equipment by principal region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in Value

World

Region’s exports

World exports

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

939.9

-

-

100.0

100.0

12

12

20

Asia World

447.7

100.0

100.0

45.9

47.6

13

14

23

Asia

209.6

29.8

46.8

13.7

22.3

18

21

31

North America

131.9

37.9

29.5

17.4

14.0

10

10

16

Western Europe

88.9

27.3

19.8

12.5

9.5

9

8

19

Latin America

8.1

1.9

1.8

0.9

0.9

12

5

21

Middle East

3.2

1.2

0.7

0.5

0.3

7

-12

20

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

2.3

0.9

0.5

0.4

0.2

6

-12

30

Africa

1.5

0.6

0.3

0.3

0.2

7

0

-2

Japan World

108.2

100.0

100.0

22.4

11.5

5

7

18

Asia

47.4

26.7

43.9

6.0

5.0

10

16

28

North America

34.3

38.8

31.7

8.7

3.7

3

5

10

Western Europe

23.2

29.5

21.5

6.6

2.5

2

2

16

All other regions

3.2

5.0

2.9

1.1

0.3

0

-20

10

339.6

100.0

100.0

23.5

36.1

17

16

25

162.2

32.7

47.8

7.7

17.3

22

23

31

North America

97.6

37.1

28.7

8.7

10.4

14

11

18

Western Europe

65.6

25.1

19.3

5.9

7.0

14

10

21

All other regions

11.9

4.2

3.5

1.0

1.3

15

4

22

259.9

100.0

100.0

32.0

27.7

11

7

12

176.2

76.2

67.8

24.4

18.7

9

7

7

Asia

31.8

6.5

12.2

2.1

3.4

18

9

31

North America

20.4

6.7

7.9

2.1

2.2

12

14

20

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

13.3

3.3

5.1

1.1

1.4

15

3

27

Africa

5.5

2.7

2.1

0.9

0.6

8

-3

10

Middle East

4.9

1.8

1.9

0.6

0.5

11

12

19

Latin America

3.9

1.6

1.5

0.5

0.4

10

-4

10

Other economies in Asia World Asia

Western Europe

North America World

173.9

100.0

100.0

19.2

18.5

12

11

23

Asia

64.0

33.7

36.8

6.5

6.8

13

16

24

North America

40.4

21.4

23.2

4.1

4.3

13

9

29

Western Europe

34.9

32.6

20.1

6.3

3.7

6

6

16

Latin America

30.5

9.5

17.6

1.8

3.2

19

12

26

4.0

2.8

2.3

0.5

0.4

10

2

7

All other regions

Trade by sector

Western Europe World

131

Table IV.55

Imports of office machines and telecom equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2000 (Million dollars and percentage) Canada a

Value

Share

2000

2000

United States Annual percentage change 1999

2000

Region World

Share

Annual percentage change

2000

1999

2000

100.0

13

24

Region 30418

100.0

10

22

World

218729 154039

70.4

13

20

29864

13.7

22

32

North America

13935

45.8

0

16

Asia

10263

33.7

12

21

Latin America

Western Europe

2117

7.0

24

45

North America

16274

7.4

10

56

Latin America

2008

6.6

40

37

Western Europe

14709

6.7

8

19

76

0.2

7

62

Middle East

2104

1.0

24

92

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS Africa

C./E. Europe/ 56

0.2

9

133

23

0.1

80

28

Suppliers United States

Baltic States/CIS Africa

1564

0.7

37

22

172

0.1

33

18

13

Suppliers 13935

45.8

0

16

Japan

37377

17.1

8

Japan

2832

9.3

6

13

Mexico

27962

12.8

17

35

European Union (15)

2019

6.6

23

45

China

22405

10.2

24

31

Mexico

1920

6.3

43

41

Korea, Rep. of

20894

9.6

47

36

Taipei, Chinese

1512

5.0

21

1

Malaysia

20397

9.3

18

23

22218

73.0

6

19

Above 5

129035

59.0

19

26

China

1290

4.2

31

45

Taipei, Chinese

19360

8.9

7

21

Malaysia

1245

4.1

-2

27

Canada

16274

7.4

10

56

Korea, Rep. of

1182

3.9

15

45

Singapore

14679

6.7

-4

4

Singapore

716

2.4

0

13

European Union (15)

13762

6.3

7

19

Philippines

671

2.2

8

38

Philippines

8908

4.1

7

20

Thailand

413

1.4

44

18

Thailand

5819

2.7

3

9

Hong Kong, China

259

0.9

41

25

Israel

2096

1.0

25

93 11

Above 5

Trade by sector

2000

Asia

Middle East

Indonesia

96

0.3

-9

9

Indonesia

2088

1.0

10

Israel

75

0.2

5

65

Hong Kong, China

1851

0.8

-6

10

Brazil

70

0.2

3

-17

Hungary

1426

0.7

36

19

Malta

45

0.1

10

106

Costa Rica

1095

0.5

188

-30

Hungary

40

0.1

4

103

Brazil

753

0.3

4

95

Switzerland

34

0.1

49

56

Switzerland

400

0.2

104

-4

Australia

29

0.1

-11

46

Malta

383

0.2

-11

63

Norway

17

0.1

90

4

Norway

151

0.1

10

-2

28400

93.4

-

-

Above 20

218080

99.7

-

-

Above 20

132

Value

Table IV.55 (continued)

Imports of office machines and telecom equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2000 (Million dollars and percentage) European Union (15)

Value 2000

Share 2000

Japan

Annual percentage change 1999

2000

Region

Western Europe

2000

Share

Annual percentage change

2000

1999

2000

100.0

21

38

Region 315753

100.0

8

11

World

60866

162595

51.5

6

6

Asia

40391

66.4

36

46

Asia

94568

29.9

9

16

North America

14590

24.0

-5

20

North America

45045

14.3

9

15

Western Europe

4777

7.8

20

34

728

1.2

102

120

234

0.4

5

29

132

0.2

52

-21

15

0.0

400

50

19

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Latin America 8216

2.6

22

23

Latin America

2069

0.7

57

46

Middle East

1950

0.6

3

38

Middle East

527

0.2

2

-22

Africa

Africa

Suppliers European Union (15)

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Suppliers 158747

50.3

6

6

14173

23.3

-6

United States

40171

12.7

4

13

United States Taipei, Chinese

9425

15.5

63

66

Japan

25212

8.0

6

8

Korea, Rep. of

6434

10.6

75

42

Taipei, Chinese

12961

4.1

6

18

Malaysia

6430

10.6

49

41

China

11890

3.8

19

36

China

6418

10.5

19

51

248980

78.9

6

9

42880

70.4

22

39

Above 5 Singapore

Above 5

11341

3.6

-4

10

European Union (15)

4671

7.7

21

35

Korea, Rep. of

9645

3.1

28

26

Philippines

3940

6.5

28

54

Malaysia

9039

2.9

2

20

Singapore

3785

6.2

14

26

Hungary

5056

1.6

28

15

Thailand

2474

4.1

4

38

Hong Kong, China

4922

1.6

16

17

Indonesia

847

1.4

7

37

Philippines

3886

1.2

20

14

Hong Kong, China

542

0.9

6

-4

Thailand

3673

1.2

6

18

Mexico

508

0.8

75

81

Canada

2736

0.9

4

70

Canada

417

0.7

19

97

Switzerland

1727

0.5

5

6

Hungary

217

0.4

3

23

Israel

1645

0.5

11

42

Costa Rica

152

0.2

4243

220 -22

Indonesia

1189

0.4

12

19

Israel

129

0.2

52

Mexico

1040

0.3

31

53

Switzerland

91

0.1

19

23

Poland

922

0.3

4

2

Brazil

66

0.1

-50

6500

Czech Rep.

902

0.3

16

63

Australia

55

0.1

-6

-22

Turkey

877

0.3

-8

23

Viet Nam

28

0.0

-15

57

307580

97.4

-

-

Above 20

60802

99.9

-

-

Above 20

Trade by sector

World

Value

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

133

Table IV.56

Leading exporters and importers of office machines and telecom equipment, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world exports/imports

Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1980

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

United States

153.45

19.5

17.3

16.3

Japan

108.18

21.1

22.4

11.5

12

-4

10

22

5

-11

7

74.05

3.2

6.4

18

7.9

14

-11

5

domestic exports

41.75

2.5

22

4.9

4.4

11

-12

5

re-exports

32.30

8

0.7

1.5

3.4

22

-10

6

47

Taipei, Chinese Hong Kong, China

58.39

3.2

4.7

6.2

15

-3

16

30

50.07

-

-

-

15

-3

5

domestic exports

30

4.00

2.0

1.6

0.4

-2

-17

-16

11

46.07

-

-

-

19

0

8

32

United Kingdom

49.60

6.4

6.5

5.3

10

3

2

13

Germany

45.12

9.9

7.5

4.8

7

7

8

17

Malaysia a, b

44.27

1.4

2.7

5.7

21

-5

28

…

China a

43.50

…

…

4.6

…

18

19

44

Korea, Rep. of b

42.92

2.0

4.8

5.5

13

-6

35

…

Netherlands

36.06

4.0

3.4

3.8

14

-3

12

7

Mexico a

32.99

0.1

1.5

3.5

22

21

22

25

France

32.42

4.7

4.1

3.4

10

15

-1

14

Ireland

25.45

0.9

1.7

2.7

17

17

23

12

Philippines a

24.12

0.1

0.6

2.6

29

31

24

4

774.50

78.4

85.4

84.3

-

-

-

-

Exporters

Singapore

re-exports

Above 15

Importers

Trade by sector

United States

218.73

15.9

21.1

22.5

13

3

13

24

United Kingdom

61.12

7.0

8.0

6.3

10

4

9

18

Japan

60.87

2.6

3.7

6.3

18

-13

21

38

Hong Kong, China

59.37

-

-

-

17

-9

1

36

retained imports

13.30

1.7

1.4

1.4

12

-28

-18

52

Germany

57.54

9.7

9.8

5.9

7

17

8

8

Singapore

54.29

2.6

4.5

5.6

15

-18

14

28

21.99

1.9

2.9

2.3

10

-27

24

8

China a

44.43

…

…

4.6

…

32

38

46

Taipei, Chinese

38.73

1.4

2.5

4.0

18

5

23

33

Netherlands

38.28

3.9

4.1

3.9

12

6

17

3

France

36.11

6.4

6.0

3.7

7

16

-1

18

Canada c

30.42

4.1

3.5

3.1

11

0

10

22

Mexico a, c

27.05

0.9

1.5

2.8

19

19

26

27

Malaysia a, b

25.23

1.6

1.9

3.2

18

-10

16

…

Korea, Rep. of b

24.73

1.3

2.6

3.1

14

-20

49

…

Italy

20.28

4.6

4.4

2.1

4

9

7

8

751.10

63.5

74.9

78.5

-

-

-

-

retained imports

Above 15

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones. b 1999 instead of 2000. c Imports are valued f.o.b.

134

Table IV.57

Exports of office machines and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage)

1990

World Australia Austria Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Canada China b Czech Rep. b Denmark Finland

1995

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

298490 I

600650

699270

780440

939880

8.8

15.2

738 2887 3491 692 5622 ... 1351 1496

1882 2012 6203 749 11544 14506 488 2280 4672

1627 2706 8392 1068 12997 25344 682 I 3036 7765

1617 2785 8725 1345 14040 30139 676 3221 8405

1801 3463 10744 2376 20631 43498 1283 3385 10696

1.9 7.0 3.0 2.2 4.4 ... 3.7 5.6

2.8 5.4 5.8 5 4.3 7.5 17.4 4.4 6.8 23.4

20934 I 32124 94 34051 5935 28116 537 I 2281 11708 2369 10627 106611

28789 35652 206 36633 4297 32336 4232 2356 18547 4173 9562 85030

28377 38487 210 38418 3610 34808 5432 2976 22751 4880 9460 91372

32422 45122 ... 50067 3997 46070 7132 7280 25447 6939 10417 108179

5.7 5.3 0.4 15.6 16.5 15.2 5.1 0.5 21.7 10.2 4.6 23.3

10.9 8.2 2.1 24.7 16.9 25.8 25.4 11.7 31.9 22.1 4.4 22.6

31824 34644 991 21682 30061 18625 1146 1156 57547 36755 20792

42918 545 44268 1059 26485 33651 23091 1206 1468 60601 38615 21986

... ... ... ... 32988 36058 24119 1279 1367 74046 41750 32296

22.1 27.9 41.7 11.1 7.7 22.7 2.4 3.7 36.5 42.1 25.4

29.9 6.9 52.4 53.5 19.8 17.0 60.6 4.0 5.9 53.7 53.0 54.6

I I

I I

France Germany Greece Hong Kong, China domestic exports re-exports Hungary b Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Japan

12304 22435 33 12886 4772 8114 505 124 5145 1226 7804 67007

I I I

Korea, Rep. of Luxembourg Malaysia b Malta Mexico b Netherlands Philippines b Poland Portugal Singapore domestic exports re-exports

14339 8207 472 4535 10137 I 1835 342 607 I 19235 14685 4549

33217 32721 1064 11616 20424 7564 406 I 1203 60322 40318 20004

Spain Sweden Switzerland Taipei, Chinese Thailand Turkey United Kingdom United States

1770 I 4173 I 1520 14105 3520 259 19262 I 51658

3767 7999 2257 32568 11660 255 36608 97990

4745 12222 2397 38623 14303 895 43232 113893

5142 14003 2730 44769 15240 821 44044 125664

5129 15068 2967 58389 19138 1008 49602 153448

3.2 7.3 2.4 21.0 15.3 2.0 10.4 13.1

4.5 17.3 3.6 39.4 27.7 3.8 17.5 19.6

Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-exports Extra-exports

92894 I 65803 I 27091

160656 106315 54341

210279 140933 69346

225270 149852 75418

252953 158747 94206

6.2 6.7 5.1

11.2 11.4 11.0

I I

Trade by sector

Share in economy’s total merchandise exports

Value

a Or nearest year. b Includes significant exports from processing zones.

135

Table IV.58

Imports of office machines and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage) Share in economy’s total merchandise imports

Value

Trade by sector

1990

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

Argentina Australia b Austria Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Canada b Chile China c Colombia

305 4262 3887 I 4737 I 1514 10475 456 ... 364

1919 8123 4430 7009 5230 19815 1076 14352 1343

3236 7771 5588 9614 6207 22703 1658 22042 1758

2899 9241 6123 10571 5922 24884 1553 30489 1026

... 10645 5929 11850 7900 30418 1681 44427 1048

7.5 10.6 7.9 4.0 6.7 9.0 5.9 ... 6.5

11.4 15.8 8.6 6.9 5.8 13.5 12.7 9.3 19.7 9.0

Czech Rep. b, c Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hong Kong, China retained imports Hungary c Indonesia Ireland

2349 2190 18013 29421 720 12326 4212 670 892 2844

1962 4106 3827 24833 I 44152 1194 40214 12098 1015 I 1725 8008

2011 I 4730 4513 30955 49267 2017 43032 10696 3732 753 12325

2146 5045 4497 30640 53080 1950 43554 8746 4434 413 13924

3079 5405 5489 36109 57535 1904 59371 13301 6034 705 15932

7.0 8.1 7.7 8.3 3.6 14.5 13.4 6.5 4.1 13.8

9.5 12.1 16.3 11.8 11.5 6.7 27.7 37.5 18.8 2.1 31.7

Israel Italy Japan Korea, Rep. of Luxembourg Malaysia c Malta Mexico b, c Netherlands New Zealand

939 13310 I 11259 7741 5744 488 4640 12244 I 905

2556 15380 37678 16467 22164 964 9563 20759 1515

3013 17579 36549 16573 21697 878 16897 31740 1285

3594 18856 44060 24729 959 25233 993 21234 37264 1514

4894 20282 60866 ... ... ... ... 27053 38279 1618

5.6 7.3 4.8 11.1 19.6 24.8 11.5 9.7 9.5

12.8 8.7 16.0 20.7 8.9 38.8 34.7 15.5 19.4 11.5

Norway Paraguay Peru Philippines c Poland Portugal Romania Saudi Arabia Singapore retained imports Slovak Rep. b

1732 320 100 2044 784 1594 I 211 811 13392 8842 -

2968 585 687 6788 1816 I 2329 523 1203 43769 23765 565 I

3321 255 717 12132 3793 2739 894 1266 37163 16371 884

3251 211 603 11860 4345 3159 757 1398 42281 20295 693

3354 224 ... 12088 4717 2879 1257 1242 54285 21989 721

6.4 23.7 3.5 15.7 6.8 6.3 2.8 3.4 22.0 20.6 -

9.9 9.9 8.8 34.9 9.6 7.6 9.6 3.8 40.3 29.1 5.6

Slovenia South Africa b Spain Sweden Switzerland Taipei, Chinese Thailand Turkey United Kingdom United States

... 7111 I 4824 I 4797 7438 3421 1234 23986 I 63365

449 2693 7649 7660 6521 18766 10368 1677 37304 139927

511 3891 10255 9471 6846 23764 8037 3346 47437 155908

591 3255 12311 8928 7604 29173 9752 4325 51742 176840

... ... 12790 9638 8206 38731 14575 5522 61119 218729

... 8.1 8.9 6.9 13.6 10.2 5.5 10.8 12.3

5.9 13.5 8.3 13.3 9.9 27.7 23.5 10.2 18.4 17.4

682 131

1117 ...

1133 123

... ...

5.6 3.2

8.4 5.8

208594

264717

285124

315753

13.4

102279

123784

135272

157007

8.2 6.3 11.4

Venezuela b Zimbabwe b Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-imports d Extra-imports a b c d

136

1995

I I I I I

I

367 59 127230 I 61513 I 65717

Or nearest year. Imports are valued f.o.b. Includes significant imports into processing zones. See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.

16.3

Automotive products Table IV.59

Table IV.60

World trade in automotive products, 2000

Major regional flows in world exports of automotive products, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

Value

571

Annual percentage change

Annual percentage change

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

Intra-Western Europe

203.3

4

1

-2

1980-85

5

1985-90

14

1990-00

6

Intra-North America

98.2

8

20

-1

1998

5

Asia to North America

54.7

4

21

11

1999

5

2000

4

Latin America to North America

30.8

20

20

24

Western Europe to North America

28.0

6

10

5

Intra-Asia

20.9

5

17

22

Share in world merchandise trade

9.2

Share in world exports of manufactures

12.3

Table IV.61

Chart IV.12

Share of automotive products in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2000

Regional shares in world trade in automotive products, 2000

(Percentage)

(Percentage)

Imports

Share of automotive products in total merchandise World North America Latin America Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia Australia, Japan and New Zealand Other Asia

Trade by sector

Exports

Western Europe 9.2 12.1 11.0 11.1 6.4 0.9 0.5 6.8 16.2 2.1

9.2 15.1 9.4 10.1 7.7 7.6 9.1 2.7 4.6 2.0

12.3 15.6 18.1 13.8 11.8 3.6 2.2 8.1 19.2 2.4

12.3 18.9 12.2 13.4 10.7 11.1 12.2 3.9 7.4 2.7

North America

Asia Exports Imports

Latin America

Share of automotive products in manufactures World North America Latin America Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia Australia, Japan and New Zealand Other Asia

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Middle East

Africa 0

10

20

30

40

50

60

137

Table IV.62

Exports of automotive products by principal region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in Value

World

Region’s exports

World exports

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

571.3

-

-

100.0

100.0

6

5

4

Western Europe World

271.0

100.0

100.0

54.4

47.4

5

0

1

Western Europe

203.3

78.2

75.0

42.6

35.6

4

1

-2

North America

28.0

8.9

10.3

4.9

4.9

6

10

5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

12.3

1.3

4.6

0.7

2.2

18

-11

19

Asia

12.1

5.7

4.5

3.1

2.1

2

-1

16

Latin America

5.6

1.1

2.1

0.6

1.0

11

-24

10

Africa

5.1

3.1

1.9

1.7

0.9

-1

0

4

Middle East

4.3

1.5

1.6

0.8

0.8

5

-14

28

North America World

128.4

100.0

100.0

19.1

22.5

8

13

3

North America

98.2

77.6

76.4

14.8

17.2

8

20

-1

Latin America

34

15.9

7.7

12.4

1.5

2.8

13

-6

Western Europe

6.8

6.3

5.3

1.2

1.2

6

1

-8

Asia

5.4

5.9

4.2

1.1

1.0

4

-7

18

All other regions

2.1

2.5

1.6

0.5

0.4

3

-32

13

Asia World

112.7

100.0

100.0

22.4

19.7

5

9

8

North America

54.7

51.1

48.6

11.5

9.6

4

21

11

Asia

20.9

17.8

18.6

4.0

3.7

5

17

22

Western Europe

19.8

21.4

17.6

4.8

3.5

3

3

-11

Middle East

7.0

4.1

6.2

0.9

1.2

9

-13

10

Latin America

5.1

2.4

4.6

0.5

0.9

11

-30

15

Africa

2.9

2.5

2.5

0.6

0.5

5

-5

-4

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1.7

0.3

1.5

0.1

0.3

22

-19

-9

6

Japan

Trade by sector

World

88.1

100.0

100.0

20.8

15.4

3

7

North America

47.2

51.5

53.5

10.7

8.3

3

18

9

Asia

15.1

16.9

17.2

3.5

2.6

3

12

23

Western Europe

-13

14.7

22.1

16.6

4.6

2.6

0

1

Middle East

4.7

4.2

5.3

0.9

0.8

5

-18

3

Latin America

3.9

2.5

4.4

0.5

0.7

9

-30

14

Africa

1.9

2.5

2.1

0.5

0.3

1

-10

-4

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

0.7

0.3

0.8

0.1

0.1

15

-28

19

Latin America World

138

39.3

100.0

100.0

2.3

6.9

18

4

21

North America

30.8

70.5

78.4

1.6

5.4

20

20

24

Latin America

5.7

12.7

14.6

0.3

1.0

20

-43

25

Western Europe

2.4

14.3

6.0

0.3

0.4

9

46

-11

All other regions

0.4

2.5

1.0

0.1

0.1

8

-39

30

Table IV.63

Imports of automotive products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2000 (Million dollars and percentage)

Value

Share

2000

2000

Annual percentage change 1999

Value

2000

2000

Canada a

1999

2000

20

11

Region 46276

100.0

13

2

World

172727

100.0

37573

81.2

12

-1

North America

60191

34.8

23

1

4183

9.0

24

12

Asia

52651

30.5

19

16 30

Latin America

2702

5.8

23

41

Latin America

29940

17.3

17

Western Europe

1690

3.7

6

5

Western Europe

29361

17.0

18

7

All other regions

19

0.0

13

12

All other regions

583

0.3

35

63

Suppliers United States Japan

Suppliers 37573

81.2

12

-1

Canada

60191

34.8

23

1

3493

7.5

21

7

Japan

44774

25.9

16

12

Mexico

2590

5.6

23

40

European Union (15)

1669

3.6

7

6

515

1.1

75

52

45840

99.1

-

-

Korea, Rep. of Above 5

European Union (15)

29170

16.9

18

7

Mexico

29011

16.8

17

31

5491

3.2

69

59

168637

97.6

-

-

16

Korea, Rep. of Above 5

European Union (15)

Japan

Region World

Region 233884

100.0

3

-4

9957

100.0

10

189491

81.0

2

-4

Western Europe

6020

60.5

13

6

21292

9.1

5

-8

North America

2307

23.2

-6

18

Asia

1067

10.7

30

25

13244

5.7

19

12

Latin America

291

2.9

143

223

North America

6573

2.8

11

-10

All other regions

272

2.7

-6

1600

Latin America

1750

0.7

19

-12

All other regions

1196

0.5

60

-10

European Union (15)

6015

60.4

13

6

United States

2164

21.7

-10

19

Western Europe Asia C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Suppliers European Union (15)

World

Suppliers 186153

79.6

2

-4

16118

6.9

1

-10

United States

5475

2.3

2

-7

Mexico

288

2.9

159

227

Hungary

4304

1.8

27

-1

Thailand

210

2.1

38

18

Czech Rep.

3858

1.6

19

19

Taipei, Chinese

209

2.1

27

18

215909

92.3

-

-

8886

89.2

-

-

Japan

Above 5

Above 5

Trade by sector

North America Asia

2000

Annual percentage change

United States

Region World

Share

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

139

Table IV.64

Leading exporters and importers of automotive products, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world exports/imports

Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1980

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

Germany

92.17

21.0

21.9

16.1

Japan

88.08

19.8

20.8

15.4

3

5

2

-3

3

-3

7

United States

67.90

11.9

10.2

6

11.9

8

-1

3

Canada

60.66

6.9

8

8.9

10.6

8

2

24

France

39.89

0

9.9

8.2

7.0

4

12

3

1

Mexico a Spain

30.65

0.3

1.5

5.4

21

9

20

18

28.13

1.8

3.7

4.9

9

9

2

2

United Kingdom

25.56

5.8

4.4

4.5

6

0

1

-3

Belgium

25.01

-

-

4.4

-

-

-

0

Italy

18.36

4.5

4.1

3.2

4

6

-2

-1

Korea, Rep. of

15.37

0.1

0.7

2.7

21

-7

15

18

Sweden

10.77

2.8

2.4

1.9

3

12

-1

2

Netherlands

8.66

1.1

1.5

1.5

6

16

1

-7

Austria

7.79

0.5

1.1

1.4

8

8

10

0

Hungary a

4.77

…

0.2

0.8

22

61

23

1

523.74

91.2

95.2

91.7

-

-

-

-

11

Exporters

Above 15

Importers

Trade by sector

United States

172.73

20.3

24.7

29.4

8

8

20

Canada b

46.28

8.7

7.7

7.9

7

1

13

2

Germany

42.24

6.2

9.6

7.2

3

0

4

-11

United Kingdom

36.08

5.7

7.1

6.1

5

5

5

-10

France

30.53

5.4

6.7

5.2

4

22

6

1

Spain

26.31

0.9

3.2

4.5

10

22

18

-3

Italy

25.31

5.5

5.6

4.3

3

11

8

-6

Belgium

23.56

-

-

4.0

-

-

-

0

Mexico a, b

18.82

1.8

1.6

3.2

14

7

19

36

Netherlands

12.61

2.6

2.6

2.1

4

15

2

-10

Japan

9.96

0.5

2.3

1.7

3

-23

10

16

Australia b

8.02

1.3

1.2

1.4

8

3

8

3

Austria

7.75

1.6

1.7

1.3

3

10

5

-7

Sweden

7.57

1.5

1.4

1.3

5

10

5

10

Switzerland

6.35

1.8

1.9

1.1

0

16

6

-3

474.09

68.8

82.8

80.6

-

-

-

-

Above 15

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones. b Imports are valued f.o.b.

140

Table IV.65

Exports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage) Share in economy’s total merchandise exports

Value 1990

World

318940

I

Argentina Austria Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Canada Czech Rep. b Finland France Germany

200 3526 18046 2034 28442 797 26194 69955

Hungary b India Italy Japan Korea, Rep. of Luxembourg Mexico b Netherlands Oman Poland

648 198 13017 66230 2301 4708 4673 119 374

Portugal Romania Slovak Rep. Slovenia Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States

1084 354 11729 7719 153 14087 32547

I

171579 125828 45751

I I

Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-exports Extra-exports

I I

I I I

I

I

I I I

1995

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

452180

521870

548480

571320

9.4

9.2

1374 5785 24595 2955 43064 1532 1091 33422 85709

3186 7097 25361 5210 48736 3752 1245 38655 93439

1806 7809 25121 3868 60531 4036 1254 39655 94958

... 7789 25013 4682 60656 4662 1257 39885 92167

1.6 8.5 15.3 6.5 22.3 3.0 12.1 16.6

7.7 12.2 13.4 14.2 8.5 21.9 16.1 2.8 13.4 16.7

3827 469 18847 77605 11373 21772 9134 582 1839

4715 463 18555 82733 13035 239 26039 9270 512 2438

4765 ... 18363 88082 15368 ... 30645 8655 ... 3601

6.5 1.1 7.6 23.0 3.5 11.6 3.5 2.2 2.6

17.0 1.3 7.7 18.4 8.9 3.0 18.4 4.1 7.1 11.4

3666 115 1946 1319 27152 10634 799 26163 61059

3555 161 1886 1120 27626 10535 1438 26458 62923

3152 195 2400 ... 28127 10771 1517 25557 67901

6.6 7.1 21.1 13.4 1.2 7.6 8.3

13.5 1.9 20.2 13.0 24.7 12.4 5.7 9.0 8.7

264621 190615 74006

265264 193695 71569

266839 186153 80685

11.4 12.8 8.6

11.9 13.4 9.4

659 568 18372 80680 9166 14258 6943 459 996 2286 153 344 970 22603 9556 642 19964 52505

231348 163703 67645

I

I

I

I

I

Trade by sector

a Or nearest year. b Includes significant exports from processing zones.

141

Table IV.66

Imports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage) Share in economy’s total merchandise imports

Trade by sector

Value 1990

1995

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

Argentina Australia b Austria Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Canada b Chile Colombia Czech Rep. b, c

183 3794 5521 18481 532 24640 579 416 -

2309 6173 7544 25072 5968 33471 1780 1111 1472

5235 7203 7877 23263 6355 40038 1758 1008 2225

3072 7783 8285 23497 4097 45252 973 435 2326

... 8017 7745 23558 4314 46276 1507 590 2573

4.5 9.5 11.2 15.4 2.4 21.1 7.5 7.4 -

12.0 11.9 11.3 13.8 13.9 7.4 19.3 8.3 5.1 8.0

Denmark Ecuador Egypt Finland France Germany Greece Hong Kong, China retained imports Hungary c Indonesia

1541 157 416 2595 21595 30856 1934 994 666 715 1523

3025 693 634 1925 27660 44918 2093 4394 3257 931 3139

3396 492 661 2608 28566 45653 2487 3601 2372 1889 954

3085 186 590 2577 30378 47683 2917 1755 1035 2520 716

2443 184 ... 2373 30532 42241 2384 2270 1510 2481 1870

4.6 8.5 4.5 9.6 9.2 8.7 9.8 1.2 2.1 6.9 7.0

5.5 5.4 3.7 7.0 10.0 8.4 8.4 1.1 4.3 7.7 5.6

Ireland Israel Italy Japan Korea, Rep. of Kuwait Luxembourg Malaysia c Mexico b, c Morocco c

1236 871 18090 7315 929 453 1312 5268 317

3068 1774 24983 7814 918 1375 750 11703 506

3107 1856 26919 8597 1393 1216 952 1351 13873 540

3633 2298 25314 9957 ... ... ... ... 18816 ...

6.0 5.2 9.9 3.1 1.3 11.4 4.5 13.1 4.7

7.2 6.0 10.9 2.6 1.2 16.0 8.8 2.1 10.3 5.4

Netherlands New Zealand Norway Oman Peru Philippines c Poland Portugal Romania Saudi Arabia

8244 1012 1419 429 176 537 391 3196 409 2839

13748 1299 3152 996 761 573 4770 5771 430 2696

14049 1685 2712 800 546 816 5593 6415 236 2579

12606 1480 2608 ... 511 973 5803 5788 429 3815

6.5 10.6 5.2 16.0 6.2 4.1 3.4 12.7 5.4 11.8

6.4 10.5 7.7 17.1 6.9 2.8 11.8 15.3 3.3 11.6

1642 1525 2518 22986 6581 6181 2608 567 564 4029

1260 1478 2343 27067 6899 6542 2253 1448 655 3303

1403 ... ... 26308 7565 6347 2692 2319 ... 5831

... 11.6 8.4 8.7 4.7 7.9 5.5 5.3

11.0 14.9 9.7 17.1 10.4 7.7 1.9 3.7 7.7 10.8

I

I

I I I I

I I

I

I

1406 2304 18829 11930 2218 1003 2785 4400 314 11373 1642 2433 768 866 1569 1693 3996 312 2138

I

I

I

... 10133 4585 6048 2565 2651 306 1177

United Kingdom United States Venezuela b Zimbabwe b

22821 79320 426 129

I

29204 108016 1076 321

38260 129834 1888 ...

40104 155723 1106 181

36078 172727 ... ...

10.2 15.3 6.5 7.0

10.9 13.7 8.2 8.5

150825 127496 23329

I I

194844

234860

242910

233884

9.9

31141

44245

49216

47731

9.7 13.0 4.0

a b c d

I I

Or nearest year. Imports are valued f.o.b. Includes significant imports into processing zones. See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.

447 1326 3061 16464 5168 6467 4495 5184 462 1730

I

I

I

Slovak Rep. b Slovenia South Africa b Spain Sweden Switzerland Taipei, Chinese Thailand Tunisia Turkey

Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-imports d Extra-imports

142

I

4.9

4.4 Textiles Table IV.67

Table IV.68

World trade in textiles, 2000

Major regional flows in world exports of textiles, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

Value

157

Annual percentage change

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

Intra-Asia

42.8

7

6

17

Intra-Western Europe

38.7

-1

-10

-8

Annual percentage change 1980-85

-1

1985-90

15

1990-00

4

1998

-4

Asia to North America

8.2

8

4

15

1999

-2

Asia to Western Europe

8.0

3

-8

3

2000

7 C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

7.5

12

-6

5

North America to Latin America

5.2

16

24

29

Western Europe to

Share in world merchandise trade

2.5

Share in world exports of manufactures

3.4

Table IV.69

Chart IV.13

Share of textiles in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2000

Regional shares in world trade in textiles, 2000 (Percentage)

(Percentage) Imports

Asia

Share of textiles in total merchandise World North America Latin America Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia Australia, Japan and New Zealand Other Asia

2.5 1.2 1.4 2.4 1.9 0.9 0.8 4.3 1.4 5.8

2.5 1.5 3.3 2.2 4.4 5.5 4.3 3.4 1.6 4.1

Western Europe

North America Exports Imports

Latin America

Share of textiles in manufactures World North America Latin America Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia Australia, Japan and New Zealand Other Asia

Trade by sector

Exports

3.4 1.6 2.3 3.0 3.4 3.6 3.5 5.1 1.6 6.9

3.4 1.8 4.3 2.9 6.2 8.0 5.8 4.8 2.6 5.6

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Middle East

Africa 0

10

20

30

40

50

60

143

Table IV.70

Exports of textiles by principal region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in Value

Region’s exports

World exports

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

157.5

-

-

100.0

100.0

4

-2

7

71.4

100.0

100.0

35.3

45.4

7

3

15

42.8

57.9

60.0

20.4

27.2

7

6

17

North America

8.2

10.4

11.5

3.7

5.2

8

4

15

Western Europe

8.0

16.2

11.3

5.7

5.1

3

-8

3

Middle East

4.8

6.5

6.7

2.3

3.0

7

1

19

Latin America

3.8

2.4

5.3

0.8

2.4

16

-1

22

Africa

2.7

2.9

3.8

1.0

1.7

10

7

11

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1.0

2.5

1.4

0.9

0.6

1

-10

20

World Asia World Asia

Japan World

7.0

100.0

100.0

5.6

4.5

2

10

6

Asia

5.4

60.3

76.2

3.4

3.4

4

17

10

Western Europe

0.7

14.2

9.5

0.8

0.4

-2

-2

-9

North America

0.6

11.2

8.9

0.6

0.4

-1

1

4

Middle East

0.3

9.5

3.9

0.5

0.2

-7

-20

-7

All other regions

0.1

4.7

1.6

0.3

0.1

-9

-8

4

64.4

100.0

100.0

29.7

40.9

8

2

16

37.5

57.5

58.2

17.1

23.8

8

5

18

North America

7.6

10.2

11.7

3.0

4.8

9

4

16

Western Europe

7.4

16.6

11.5

4.9

4.7

4

-9

4

Middle East

4.5

5.9

7.0

1.8

2.9

9

3

21

Latin America

3.7

2.6

5.8

0.8

2.4

17

-1

23

Africa

2.7

3.1

4.1

0.9

1.7

11

7

11

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1.0

2.5

1.5

0.8

0.6

2

-10

19

59.6

100.0

100.0

53.2

37.8

1

-8

-5

38.7

78.1

65.0

41.5

24.6

-1

-10

-8

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

7.5

4.2

12.5

2.3

4.7

12

-6

5

North America

3.8

4.5

6.4

2.4

2.4

4

6

8

Asia

3.7

5.7

6.2

3.0

2.4

2

0

10

Africa

3.4

4.5

5.7

2.4

2.2

3

-3

-6

Middle East

1.2

2.2

2.1

1.1

0.8

0

-15

-4

Latin America

0.8

0.7

1.3

0.4

0.5

8

-18

9

Other economies in Asia World Asia

Western Europe World

Trade by sector

Western Europe

North America World

144

13.1

100.0

100.0

5.5

8.3

9

4

13

Latin America

5.2

20.2

39.7

1.1

3.3

16

24

29

North America

4.9

28.8

36.9

1.6

3.1

11

4

4

Western Europe

1.5

25.0

11.2

1.4

0.9

0

-18

5

Asia

1.3

19.1

10.0

1.1

0.8

2

-4

10

Middle East

0.1

4.4

1.1

0.2

0.1

-5

-24

-29

All other regions

0.1

2.3

2.0

0.1

0.1

0

-16

-6

Table IV.71

Textile imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2000 (Million dollars and percentage) Canada a

Value

Share

2000

2000

United States Annual percentage change 1999

2000

Region

North America

Share

2000

2000

Annual percentage change 1999

2000

Region 4132

100.0

-1

3

World

15709

100.0

6

10 7

2662

64.4

-1

2

Asia

7683

48.9

7

Asia

870

21.1

2

8

Western Europe

3289

20.9

3

6

Western Europe

400

9.7

-5

1

Latin America

2009

12.8

8

18

Latin America

139

3.4

4

11

North America

1971

12.5

9

11

27

0.7

0

4

413

2.6

11

74

17

0.4

-20

6

12

0.3

0

9

Middle East C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS Africa

Middle East C./E. Europe/

Suppliers

Baltic States/CIS

184

1.2

-1

-2

161

1.0

-14

17

European Union (15) Canada China Mexico India

2729 1971 1890 1604 1155

17.4 12.5 12.0 10.2 7.4

1 9 12 11 12

5 11 12 20 8

Above 5

9349

59.5

8

10

Africa

Suppliers

United States European Union (15) China Korea, Rep. of India

2662 352 246 131 116

64.4 8.5 6.0 3.2 2.8

-1 -2 10 2 1

2 -1 25 10 9

Above 5

3507

84.9

-1

3

104 100 86 47 43

2.5 2.4 2.1 1.1 1.0

3 7 4 -9 -7

3 9 8 -12 -4

Korea, Rep. of Pakistan Taipei, Chinese Japan Turkey

953 945 776 618 443

6.1 6.0 4.9 3.9 2.8

4 1 6 0 25

5 20 -5 4 15

Turkey Brazil Hong Kong, China Thailand Iran, Islamic Rep. of

33 27 25 22 13

0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.3

-20 -6 4 -18 -11

27 23 -21 11 -18

Thailand Hong Kong, China Israel Brazil Indonesia

352 237 229 204 198

2.2 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.3

4 11 11 4 -29

13 5 11 26 12

Switzerland Israel Australia Dominican Republic Bangladesh

10 10 9 8 7

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

-11 5 -19 93 49

8 32 -33 85 11

Philippines Sri Lanka Iran, Islamic Rep. of Egypt Bangladesh

127 120 118 117 97

0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6

30 13 -16 11

-12 8 22 3

Czech Rep. Egypt Malaysia Viet Nam South Africa

7 6 5 5 5

0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

-5 7 -28 23 14

23 20 15 -47 -14

Switzerland Malaysia Czech Rep. Colombia Australia

95 86 40 39 39

0.6 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2

-8 22 -1 22 14

0 7 1 -8 -17

Chile Uruguay Colombia Romania Norway

4 4 4 3 3

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

28 61 -28 -31

115 81 -2 51

Nepal Dominican Republic El Salvador South Africa Russian Fed.

38 35 33 32 28

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

5 -17 6 -3 -16

14 5 -1 7 -27

Sri Lanka Philippines Poland Saudi Arabia Peru

3 3 2 2 2

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

75 -43 -47 40 -22

23 32 10 80 -49

Peru New Zealand United Arab Emirates Saudi Arabia Uzbekistan

24 21 21 20 20

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

-22 28 53 -31 500

24 8 58 91 66

Haiti Nepal New Zealand Russian Fed. United Arab Emirates

2 2 2 1 1

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

92 33 10 -

-55 54 -17 49 -

Bahrain Poland Macau, China Costa Rica Belarus

18 18 15 15 15

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

148 13 183 6 35

678 33 -36 -15 -37

4117

99.6

-

-

15537

98.9

-

-

Taipei, Chinese Pakistan Mexico Indonesia Japan

Above 40

Above 40

Trade by sector

World

Value

145

Table IV.71 (continued)

Textile imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2000 (Million dollars and percentage) European Union (15)

Value 2000

Share 2000

Japan

Annual percentage change 1999

2000

Region World Western Europe Asia

2000

1999

2000

4

9 10

Region 100.0

-9

-6

World

4939

100.0

34880

70.1

-10

-9

Asia

3748

75.9

9

8720

17.5

-7

3

Western Europe

735

14.9

-11

1

North America

353

7.1

-4

9

5.4

-1

12

Middle East

40

0.8

26

3

1716

3.4

-11

-2

Latin America

34

0.7

-11

0

Africa

754

1.5

-14

9

C./E. Europe/

Middle East

749

1.5

-3

-1

Latin America

222

0.4

-18

-6

European Union (15) Turkey China India United States

31386 1917 1875 1848 1517

63.1 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.0

-10 2 -1 -7 -15

-10 0 22 2 -3

Above 5

38543

77.4

-10

-7

1094 1006 924 782 693

2.2 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.4

-13 -8 -5 7 -2

-8 -3 8 12 -11

Taipei, Chinese India Pakistan Thailand Viet Nam

Taipei, Chinese Indonesia Poland Thailand Iran, Islamic Rep. of

610 594 545 348 324

1.2 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.7

-10 -21 -3 -9 -9

-7 -4 13 -10 -9

Egypt Hungary Israel Slovak Rep. Slovenia

296 255 214 196 174

0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3

-22 3 -9 -3 -9

Hong Kong, China Romania Tunisia Lithuania Bangladesh

161 154 143 128 125

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Estonia Russian Fed. Malaysia Brazil Canada

122 120 113 104 102

Nepal Latvia Morocco Norway South Africa

19

0.4

23

19

10

0.2

-10

11

China European Union (15) Korea, Rep. of United States Indonesia

2037 688 402 346 323

41.2 13.9 8.1 7.0 6.5

12 -10 13 -4 13

18 0 3 9 3

Above 5

3796

76.9

5

10

280 174 152 119 94

5.7 3.5 3.1 2.4 1.9

-1 1 -8 8 12

8 10 -28 7 20

Malaysia Iran, Islamic Rep. of Philippines Switzerland Turkey

92 36 27 26 20

1.9 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4

29 22 34 -22 -10

14 10 9 10 30

14 9 -6 9 -1

Brazil Bangladesh Uzbekistan Hong Kong, China Mexico

18 13 12 12 9

0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

-18 0 36 42 8

-2 13 19 8 -9

1 -5 5 3 -5

10 20 21 0 17

Australia Canada Egypt Peru Macau, China

8 8 7 6 4

0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

7 -33 -8 -20 9011

-9 14 19 36 103

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

-12 0 -11 -12 -6

24 48 -14 -2 -10

Singapore Israel Sri Lanka Saudi Arabia Korea, Dem. People’s Rep. of

3 2 2 2 2

0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

-40 28 -2 436 -39

-4 -50 6 21 164

102 95 95 86 80

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

-1 -1 -6 -6 -8

-11 7 12 -10 -5

Tanzania, United Rep. of New Zealand Romania South Africa Poland

2 2 1 1 1

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

-60 -16 -7 36 -

49 2 -8 -22 -

69 64 59 58 52

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

39 -21 7 -14 36

77 -6 -9 7 -2

Russian Fed. Nepal Myanmar Hungary Lithuania

1 1 1 1 1

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

58 24 27 -39 -

27 24 5 23 -

48629

97.7

-

-

4935

99.9

-

-

Suppliers

Switzerland Pakistan Korea, Rep. of Czech Rep. Japan

Trade by sector

2000

Annual percentage change

2679

North America

Syrian Arab Republic Bulgaria United Arab Emirates Croatia Viet Nam Above 40 a Imports are valued f.o.b.

146

Share

49774

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Value

Baltic States/CIS Africa

Suppliers

Above 40

Table IV.72

Leading exporters and importers of textiles, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world exports/imports

Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1980

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

China a

16.14

4.6

6.9

10.2

8

Hong Kong, China

13.44

-

-

-

5

-7

2

24

-11

-6

domestic exports

1.18

1.7

2.1

0.7

-6

-15

-12

10 -4

re-exports

12.27

-

-

-

7

-10

-5

11

Korea, Rep. of

12.78

4.0

5.8

8.1

8

-15

3

10

Italy

11.96

7.6

9.1

7.6

2

1

-8

0

Taipei, Chinese

11.69

3.2

5.9

7.4

7

-13

-2

7

Germany

11.02

11.4

13.5

7.0

-2

3

-10

-10

United States

10.96

6.8

4.8

7.0

8

0

3

15

Japan

7.02

9.3

5.6

4.5

2

-12

10

6

France

6.76

6.2

5.8

4.3

1

5

-7

-4

Belgium

6.40

-

-

4.1

-

-

-

-4 …

Exporters

India b

5.09

2.1

2.1

3.4

10

-13

12

Pakistan

4.53

1.6

2.6

2.9

5

-7

-1

6

United Kingdom

4.21

5.7

4.2

2.7

0

-3

-17

-6

Turkey

3.67

0.6

1.4

2.3

10

6

-2

6

Indonesia

3.51

0.1

1.2

2.2

11

5

28

16

Above 15

116.90

71.0

76.7

74.5

-

-

-

-

United States

15.71

4.5

6.2

9.4

9

8

6

10

Hong Kong, China

13.72

-

-

-

3

-17

-7

9

retained imports

1.45

3.7

3.8

0.9

-10

-43

-17

-4

China a

12.83

1.9

4.9

7.7

9

-10

0

16

Germany

9.32

12.1

11.0

5.6

-2

8

-10

-11

United Kingdom

6.91

6.3

6.5

4.1

0

-2

-11

-7

France

6.75

7.2

7.0

4.0

-1

8

-8

-2

Italy

6.12

4.6

5.7

3.7

0

3

-9

2

Mexico a, c

6.10

0.2

0.9

3.6

20

20

41

26

Japan

4.94

2.9

3.8

2.9

2

-25

4

9

Canada c

4.13

2.3

2.2

2.5

6

4

-1

3

Belgium

3.63

-

-

2.2

-

-

-

-4

Spain

3.32

0.6

1.9

2.0

5

12

-2

-4

Korea, Rep. of b

3.00

0.7

1.8

1.9

5

-38

35

…

Netherlands

2.64

4.0

3.4

1.6

-3

-24

-4

-6

Poland

2.43

0.5

0.2

1.5

26

14

-7

-4

89.27

55.4

62.6

53.4

-

-

-

-

Above 15

Trade by sector

Importers

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones. b 1999 instead of 2000. c Imports are valued f.o.b.

147

Table IV.73

Exports of textiles of selected economies, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage) Share in economy’s total merchandise exports

Value 1990

Trade by sector

World

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

104270

I

149730

151310

147750

157460

3.1

2.5

Austria Bangladesh Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Bulgaria China b Colombia Croatia Czech Rep. b

2084 343 6375 769 ... 7219 133 -

I

1989 432 7880 999 173 13918 278 124 1342

1828 433 7472 892 146 12817 267 89 1136

1531 ... 6694 822 104 13043 237 82 1072

1376 ... 6402 900 109 16135 268 87 1218

5.0 20.5 5.4 2.4 ... 11.6 2.0 -

2.2 8.6 3.4 4.2 1.6 2.3 6.5 2.1 2.0 4.2

Egypt France Germany Greece Hong Kong, China domestic exports re-exports India Indonesia Iran, Islamic Rep. of c Israel Italy

554 6058 14033 500 8213 2171 6042 2180 1241 510 270 9492

441 7570 13672 537 13040 1390 11650 4558 2359 640 473 13035

355 7025 12281 411 12271 1223 11048 5086 3019 781 477 12011

... 6762 11018 ... 13442 1176 12266 ... 3505 ... 490 11958

21.4 2.8 3.3 6.2 10.0 7.5 11.3 12.1 4.8 3.0 2.2 5.6

10.0 2.3 2.0 4.0 6.6 5.0 6.9 14.0 5.6 4.0 1.6 5.0

5971 11279 175 1094 2030 128 3089 4302 164

6598 11618 373 228 1120 2302 133 2931 4258 115

7023 12780 ... 272 ... 2551 ... 2664 4532 138

2.0 9.3 8.0 1.2 1.8 4.8 2.2 47.6 6.8

1.5 7.4 4.7 10.8 1.3 1.5 1.8 1.3 49.4 2.0

287 753 1773 191 423 860 203 657 387 324 3235 ...

276 727 1766 165 390 853 249 604 375 286 3066 206

311 769 1572 196 494 909 295 614 392 ... 2966 ...

1.6 2.0 8.1 2.5 1.7 0.4 4.3 2.7 1.3

0.8 2.4 6.7 1.9 0.5 0.7 0.4 1.0 3.3 3.3 2.6 4.5

2267 11882 1937 165 2527 5163 7372 90

1811 11159 1760 126 3549 5427 9216 85

1641 10906 1818 129 3478 4484 9510 59

1533 11687 2115 ... 3672 4214 10955 ...

4.0 9.1 4.0 3.2 11.1 2.4 1.3 5.0

1.9 7.9 3.1 2.2 13.8 1.5 1.4 2.6

60495 38664 21831

61856 38788 23068

56610 34791 21820

53685 31386 22299

3.4 3.6 2.9

2.4 2.3 2.6

Japan Korea, Rep. of Luxembourg Macau, China Malaysia b Mexico b Morocco b Netherlands Pakistan Peru

5859 6076 136 343 713 203 2911 2663 221

Philippines b Poland Portugal Romania Russian Fed. c Singapore domestic exports re-exports Slovak Rep. Slovenia Spain Sri Lanka

132 284 1328 125 903 141 762 1497 25

Switzerland Taipei, Chinese Thailand Tunisia Turkey United Kingdom United States Uruguay

2557 6128 928 112 1440 4379 5039 85

Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-exports Extra-exports

50795 35672 15123

a Or nearest year. b Includes significant exports from processing zones. c Includes Secretariat estimates.

148

1995

I

I I I

I

I

I

I

I

I I

570 7468 14389 521 13815 1814 12001 4358 2713 610 399 12797 7178 12313 169 1129 1283 177 3526 4256 172 280 512 1627 178 374 1496 263 1233 375 322 2595 164

I

I

I

I

I

I

Table IV.74

Imports of textiles of selected economies, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage)

Argentina Australia b Austria Bangladesh Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Canada b Chile China c Colombia Croatia Czech Rep. b, c Egypt France Germany Greece Hong Kong, China retained imports Hungary c Indonesia

1990

1995

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

53 1442 1971 452 3579 252 2325 203 5292

428 1790 2043 1481 4153 1362 3204 479 10914

798 1636 1751 1522 4422 1065 4031 452 11082

632 1667 1600 ... 3774 898 3996 381 11079

... 1554 1424 ... 3625 1112 4132 431 12832

1.3 3.6 4.0 13.2 3.0 1.1 2.0 2.6 9.9

2.5 2.3 2.1 21.7 2.1 2.7 1.9 1.7 2.4 5.7

383 210 935 280 7492 12485 1158 16859 4858 888 1308

467 194 1122 394 7504 11652 1137 13484 1834 1169 1021

413 160 1095 334 6913 10517 935 12562 1514 1146 866

558 249 1203 ... 6750 9316 771 13717 1451 1078 1251

1.3 2.3 3.2 3.3 6.1 12.0 13.2 2.6 3.6

4.8 3.1 3.7 2.1 2.2 1.9 2.7 6.4 4.1 3.4 3.7

769 6603 4357 2218 245 842 924 468 3435

758 6017 4547 3001 206 221 803 1015 417 4838

759 6121 4939 ... ... ... 902 ... 411 6097

2.8 3.4 1.7 2.8 4.2 40.4 3.3 21.6 2.5

2.0 2.6 1.3 2.5 2.7 2.0 40.3 1.6 18.7 3.5

1441 2907 340 1195 2747 2105 1470 1272 1075 1049 392

1400 2799 400 1278 2544 1949 1575 1013 996 1119 515

... 2637 370 1216 2433 1703 1715 1198 986 1279 665

5.3 2.9 4.2 7.0 2.1 6.7 0.9 5.5 2.9 2.4

14.1 1.3 2.6 3.5 4.9 4.5 13.1 2.7 3.0 0.9 0.9

335 736 2727 1163 1884 1534 1289 1811 2028 7699 10441

384 597 3506 ... 1569 1159 1441 2317 1926 8307 13462

353 562 3444 1331 1467 1345 1332 1907 2024 7411 14305

... 586 3319 ... 1354 1763 ... 2124 ... 6912 15709

3.3 2.3 15.4 2.7 2.7 14.3 2.5 9.0 3.1 1.3

3.5 2.2 2.2 22.6 1.6 2.8 15.7 3.9 6.2 2.1 1.2

56368

58016

52774

49774

2.1

17704

19228

17984

18388

3.2 3.7 2.5

75 211 7595 11868 1204 10182 4140 270 785

Israel Italy Japan Korea, Rep. of Kuwait Luxembourg Macau, China Malaysia c Mauritius Mexico b, c

474 6133 4106 1946 168 619 951 350 992

Morocco c Netherlands New Zealand Philippines c Poland Portugal Romania Russian Fed. d Saudi Arabia Singapore retained imports

361 3615 396 910 245 1681 67 1312 1778 1016

Slovenia South Africa b Spain Sri Lanka Switzerland Thailand Tunisia Turkey United Arab Emirates d United Kingdom United States

561 2050 412 1849 898 790 567 1009 7018 6730

Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-imports e Extra-imports a b c d e

50370 36133 14237

I

I

I I I

I

I

I

I

I

I I

I

I

820 6388 5985 3959 262 698 1535 442 1768 399 3502 480 1245 2165 1954 933 691 1229 2109 876

I

I

I

I

Trade by sector

Share in economy’s total merchandise imports

Value

1.9

Or nearest year. Imports are valued f.o.b. Includes significant imports into processing zones. Includes Secretariat estimates. See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.

149

4.5 Clothing Table IV.75

Table IV.76

World trade in clothing, 2000

Major regional flows in world exports of clothing, 2000

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

Value

199

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

Intra-Western Europe

44.0

1

-2

-6

Asia to North America

35.8

5

-1

15

Annual percentage change 1980-85

4

1985-90

17

1990-00

6

1998

1

Intra-Asia

24.4

11

7

17

1999

0

Latin America to North America

21.3

23

10

23

2000

7 Asia to Western Europe

20.8

4

2

5

8.2

15

1

1

Share in world merchandise trade

3.2

Share in world exports of manufactures

4.3

Table IV.77

Share of clothing in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2000 Exports

Chart IV.14

Regional shares in world trade in clothing, 2000

Imports

Western Europe

Share of clothing in total merchandise World North America Latin America Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia Australia, Japan and New Zealand Other Asia

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS to Western Europe

(Percentage)

(Percentage)

Trade by sector

Annual percentage change

3.2 1.0 6.3 2.3 3.5 4.7 1.0 5.4 0.2 8.1

3.2 4.8 3.0 3.3 2.9 1.9 2.6 2.0 4.9 0.8

Asia

North America Exports Imports

Latin America

Share of clothing in manufactures World North America Latin America Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia Australia, Japan and New Zealand Other Asia

4.3 1.3 10.4 2.9 6.5 19.0 4.8 6.4 0.2 9.6

4.3 6.0 3.9 4.4 4.0 2.8 3.5 2.8 7.9 1.1

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East

0

150

10

20

30

40

50

60

Table IV.78

Exports of clothing by principal region, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in Value

World

Region’s exports

World exports

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1999

2000

198.94

-

-

100.0

100.0

6

0

7

Asia World

89.39

100.0

100.0

43.6

44.9

7

1

13

North America

35.76

44.7

40.0

19.5

18.0

5

-1

15

Asia

24.42

18.6

27.3

8.1

12.3

11

7

17

Western Europe

20.79

29.9

23.3

13.0

10.5

4

2

5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

2.82

2.3

3.2

1.0

1.4

10

-6

31

Middle East

2.48

2.7

2.8

1.2

1.2

7

13

21

Latin America

2.07

1.0

2.3

0.4

1.0

17

-2

31

Africa

1.03

0.7

1.2

0.3

0.5

12

9

19

-4

Western Europe World

57.22

100.0

100.0

43.6

28.8

2

-4

Western Europe

43.99

82.7

76.9

36.1

22.1

1

-2

-6

North America

4.35

5.8

7.6

2.5

2.2

5

4

11

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

3.15

3.7

5.5

1.6

1.6

6

-19

-2

Asia

2.89

5.2

5.0

2.3

1.5

2

-9

3

Middle East

1.20

1.1

2.1

0.5

0.6

9

-13

2

Africa

1.11

1.1

1.9

0.5

0.6

8

-10

-16

Latin America

0.44

0.5

0.8

0.2

0.2

7

-13

3

Latin America World

22.62

100.0

100.0

3.3

11.4

20

10

22

North America

21.32

79.2

94.3

2.6

10.7

23

10

23

Latin America

1.03

12.4

4.5

0.4

0.5

9

7

22

Western Europe

0.21

7.3

0.9

0.2

0.1

-2

-17

6

All other regions

0.04

0.9

0.2

0.0

0.0

3

15

-11

10.71

100.0

100.0

2.7

5.4

14

-3

5

Latin America

6.79

47.4

63.4

1.3

3.4

17

-4

5

North America

2.75

18.2

25.7

0.5

1.4

18

7

7

Asia

0.65

14.8

6.1

0.4

0.3

4

-6

3

Western Europe

0.42

16.9

4.0

0.5

0.2

-1

-19

-8

All other regions

0.09

2.7

0.9

0.1

0.0

2

-29

-10

Trade by sector

North America World

151

Table IV.79

Clothing imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2000 (Million dollars and percentage) Canada a

Value

Annual percentage change

Share

2000

United States

2000

1999

2000

Region World

3690

100.0

2000

Annual percentage change 1999

2000

Asia

0

12

World

66392

100.0

6

13

2526

68.5

3

17

Asia

36830

55.5

3

12

North America

549

14.9

-10

-3

Latin America

20065

30.2

10

13

Western Europe

273

7.4

-5

7

Western Europe

3933

5.9

-1

11

Latin America

237

6.4

12

11

North America

1974

3.0

12

12

Middle East

1464

2.2

14

21

47

1.3

-11

42

Africa

1320

2.0

3

22

Africa

31

0.8

-3

7

Middle East

24

0.7

38

33

807

1.2

-10

43

9021 8758 4736 2643 2542

13.6 13.2 7.1 4.0 3.8

15 4 -3 -2 12

14 13 4 6 7

Baltic States/CIS

Suppliers China United States Hong Kong, China India European Union (15)

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

Suppliers 917 549 345 246 220

24.9 14.9 9.4 6.7 6.0

9 -10 -8 16 -7

23 -3 5 16 2

Mexico China Hong Kong, China European Union (15) Korea, Rep. of

2278

61.7

-1

10

Above 5

27700

41.7

6

11

213 139 111 104 100

5.8 3.8 3.0 2.8 2.7

8 26 -10 3 14

17 26 13 20 6

Dominican Republic Honduras Indonesia Taipei, Chinese Thailand

2531 2496 2263 2234 2206

3.8 3.8 3.4 3.4 3.3

0 15 2 -5 6

5 11 17 2 17

Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Pakistan Sri Lanka

91 79 63 60 48

2.5 2.1 1.7 1.6 1.3

-4 -1 -10 5 -10

5 1 25 11 29

Bangladesh India Philippines Canada El Salvador

2186 2067 1990 1974 1654

3.3 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.5

5 1 3 12 14

22 16 4 12 22

Macau, China Turkey Myanmar Viet Nam Honduras

39 38 32 24 24

1.1 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.6

-9 16 81 -18 10

27 22 173 13 -10

Sri Lanka Guatemala Malaysia Macau, China Turkey

1557 1552 1343 1189 1114

2.3 2.3 2.0 1.8 1.7

-2 8 -5 2 7

13 21 0 11 24

Dominican Republic Russian Fed. Singapore El Salvador Mauritius

23 17 13 11 11

0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3

18 101 58 15 10

-6 574 -1 16 -15

Pakistan Costa Rica Cambodia Israel Colombia

1049 855 835 493 427

1.6 1.3 1.3 0.7 0.6

8 1 64 16 3

20 1 33 12 11

Cambodia Israel Egypt Japan Guatemala

11 10 9 8 7

0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

91 16 14 3 -17

51 23 -5 38 -2

Egypt Myanmar Peru Singapore United Arab Emirates

419 419 398 368 357

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5

-7 46 38 8 12

20 109 25 7 13

7 6 6 6 5

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

-36 144 51 -5 12

-27 22 -18 -12 -3

Nicaragua Jamaica Russian Fed. Haiti Mauritius

349 278 269 267 253

0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

20 -19 47 14 -1

23 -20 93 1 3

3593

97.4

-

-

63091

95.0

-

-

Above 5 Korea, Rep. of Mexico Taipei, Chinese Bangladesh Thailand

Trade by sector

2000

Share

Region

C./E. Europe/

Costa Rica United Arab Emirates Peru Romania Poland Above 35

152

Value

Above 35

Table IV.79 (continued)

Clothing imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2000 (Million dollars and percentage) European Union (15)

Value 2000

Share 2000

Japan

Annual percentage change 1999

Value

2000

Region

2000

2000

Annual percentage change 1999

2000

Region 85909

100.0

0

-1

World

19709

100.0

11

20

Western Europe

40763

47.4

-2

-7

Asia

17573

89.2

16

24

Asia

27808

32.4

6

8

Western Europe

1515

7.7

-12

-6

North America

496

2.5

-5

-4

66

0.3

12

2

32

0.2

-4

19

17

0.1

0

42

8

0.0

-14

33

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS

8852

10.3

-2

0

Latin America

6640

7.7

-1

1

C./E. Europe/

Middle East

769

0.9

0

-5

North America

614

0.7

-15

-11

Latin America

347

0.4

-1

6

Africa

Suppliers

Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East

Suppliers

European Union (15) China Turkey Hong Kong, China Tunisia

33456 8096 5500 4745 2641

38.9 9.4 6.4 5.5 3.1

-2 11 -1 2 -2

-7 6 1 3 -5

China European Union (15) Korea, Rep. of Viet Nam United States

14713 1476 951 591 468

74.7 7.5 4.8 3.0 2.4

20 -12 14 4 -4

29 -7 -8 31 -4

Above 5

54438

63.4

0

-4

Above 5

18200

92.3

14

21

Romania India Bangladesh Morocco Poland

2516 2479 2426 2371 1869

2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.2

6 0 3 -2 -8

7 7 22 -1 -10

Thailand Indonesia Malaysia India Philippines

293 222 150 140 114

1.5 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.6

-5 -7 14 1 3

-3 1 11 55 -4

Indonesia Thailand Hungary Korea, Rep. of Pakistan

1851 1117 981 928 867

2.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.0

2 9 -12 17 -4

11 2 -11 4 4

Taipei, Chinese Hong Kong, China Korea, Dem. People’s Rep. of Canada Mexico

112 105 67 28 27

0.6 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.1

-13 -35 -7 -21 38

-18 8 13 4 10

Sri Lanka Viet Nam Malaysia Bulgaria Mauritius

864 780 723 686 674

1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

8 7 -8 5 0

7 6 0 9 -1

Nepal Bangladesh Sri Lanka Switzerland Pakistan

25 18 17 16 15

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

75 -33 -2 -21 -15

1010 10 8 3 32

Taipei, Chinese Czech Rep. Macau, China United States Lithuania

572 515 512 502 470

0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5

1 -9 -5 -20 5

-2 -5 3 -13 4

Macau, China Turkey Hungary Romania Honduras

14 13 11 8 7

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0

-27 -14 -9 3 12

4 64 -15 76 22

Croatia Slovak Rep. Ukraine Slovenia Philippines

448 444 359 349 332

0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4

-9 -4 7 -16 -4

-12 -3 11 -14 11

Tunisia Singapore Slovenia El Salvador Peru

7 7 7 6 6

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0 44 -21 -19 4

108 -22 12 -4 -16

Switzerland United Arab Emirates Egypt Israel Myanmar

299 277 271 265 255

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

-8 -5 7 9 44

-18 5 -2 -16 67

Myanmar Dominican Republic Brazil Mauritius Mongolia

5 4 4 4 3

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

-33 38 25 -8 39

8 -8 15 -13 32

Cambodia Madagascar Singapore TFYR Macedonia Latvia

252 248 238 236 190

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

46 10 8 6 7

13 3 18 -9 1

Morocco Czech Rep. Australia Colombia Israel

3 3 3 3 2

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

-7 -36 -8 -19 -24

55 14 -16 18 10

82604

96.2

-

-

19669

99.8

-

-

Above 40

Above 40

Trade by sector

World

Share

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

153

Table IV.80

Leading exporters and importers of clothing, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world exports/imports

Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1980

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

China a

36.07

4.0

9.0

18.1

14

-6

0

20

Hong Kong, China

24.22

-

-

-

5

-4

1

8

domestic exports

9.94

11.5

8.6

5.0

1

4

-1

4

14.28

-

-

-

9

-9

2

12

Exporters

re-exports Italy

13.22

11.3

11.0

6.6

1

-1

-7

-3

Mexico a

8.70

0.0

0.5

4.4

31

17

18

12

United States

8.65

3.1

2.4

4.3

13

1

-6

5

Germany

6.84

7.1

7.3

3.4

-1

7

-3

-12

Turkey

6.53

0.3

3.1

3.3

7

5

-8

0

France

5.43

5.7

4.3

2.7

2

8

-1

-5

India b

5.15

1.5

2.3

2.8

8

10

8

…

Korea, Rep. of

5.03

7.3

7.3

2.5

-4

11

5

3

Indonesia

4.73

0.2

1.5

2.4

11

-9

47

23

United Kingdom

4.11

4.6

2.8

2.1

3

-7

-9

-8

Thailand

3.95

0.7

2.6

2.0

3

-4

-2

14

Belgium

3.94

-

-

2.0

-

-

-

-4

Taipei, Chinese

2.97

6.0

3.7

1.5

-3

-6

-10

4

125.24

65.6

68.2

63.1

-

-

-

-

United States

66.39

16.4

24.1

31.6

9

11

6

13

Japan

19.71

3.6

7.8

9.4

8

-12

11

20

Germany

19.31

19.7

18.2

9.2

-1

1

-7

-10

Hong Kong, China

16.01

-

-

-

9

-5

3

8

retained imports

1.73

0.9

0.7

0.8

8

45

9

-12

United Kingdom

12.99

6.8

6.2

6.2

6

7

5

4

France

-1

Above 15

Trade by sector

Importers

11.48

6.2

7.5

5.5

3

8

-1

Italy

6.07

1.9

2.3

2.9

9

10

2

2

Netherlands

4.83

6.8

4.3

2.3

0

-11

1

-9

Belgium

4.81

-

-

2.3

-

-

-

-4

Spain

3.77

0.4

1.5

1.8

9

7

15

2

Canada c

3.69

1.7

2.1

1.8

4

8

0

12

Mexico a, c

3.41

0.3

0.5

1.6

20

12

-3

-6

Switzerland

3.22

3.4

3.1

1.5

-1

4

-3

-5

Russian Fed. d

2.96

-

-

1.4

-

-13

-28

29

Austria

2.47

2.2

2.1

1.2

1

2

-6

-12

166.83

74.5

83.3

79.4

-

-

-

-

Above 15 a b c d

154

Includes significant shipments through processing zones. 1999 instead of 2000. Imports are valued f.o.b. Includes Secretariat estimates.

Table IV.81

Exports of clothing of selected economies, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage)

1990

World Austria Bangladesh Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Bulgaria China b Colombia Croatia Czech Rep. b Denmark Egypt France Germany Greece Hong Kong, China domestic exports re-exports Hungary b India Indonesia Israel Italy

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

108000

I

157370

186020

186110

198940

3.2

3.2

1169 643 2000 ... 9669 460 859

I

1287 1969 2723 236 24049 552 673 523 1274

1377 3786 4042 451 30048 433 556 705 1752

1258 ... 4127 570 30078 427 524 655 1878

1035 ... 3942 691 36071 520 469 634 1738

2.8 38.5 1.7 ... 15.6 6.8 2.3

1.6 74.9 2.1 2.3 14.6 14.5 4.0 10.7 2.2 3.5

333 5748 8014 1821 22164 9667 12497 1277 4782 2630 651 14744

278 5685 7768 1505 22371 9571 12800 1311 5153 3857 731 13674

... 5427 6837 1260 24215 9935 14280 1221 ... 4734 729 13217

5.6 2.2 1.9 21.1 18.7 31.9 11.5 3.8 14.1 6.4 4.0 7.0

7.8 1.8 1.2 12.3 12.0 42.0 8.0 4.3 14.2 7.6 2.3 5.6

... 4651 1642 2302 970 6603 2542 2860 1840

... 4871 66 1630 2253 920 7772 2496 2939 1846

... 5026 ... 1849 ... 949 8696 2364 2612 2144

7.3 12.1 65.6 4.5 51.9 1.4 16.9 1.7 18.1

16.5 2.9 0.8 73.1 2.7 63.6 5.2 31.9 1.2 23.4

336 2324 2387 3462 1979 279 1427 430 997 540 538 1730

414 2111 2201 3266 2044 352 1603 471 1132 538 461 2050

497 2385 1884 2675 2328 246 1831 510 1321 521 ... 2009

3.7 21.5 2.7 21.3 7.3 3.0 2.9 3.3 1.1

7.1 6.0 6.0 11.5 22.5 0.2 1.3 0.6 2.2 4.4 5.4 1.8

1758 3251 5008 2322 6119 4648 6651 131

... 3189 3540 2474 7058 4920 8793 145

2287 2862 3453 2375 6516 4487 8269 106

... 2967 3948 ... 6533 4111 8646 ...

32.2 5.9 12.2 31.9 25.7 1.6 0.7 9.0

49.9 2.0 5.7 40.4 24.6 1.4 1.1 4.7

47917 33337 14580

52492 36675 15817

50926 36097 14829

48430 33456 14974

2.7 3.0 2.1

2.2 2.4 1.7

144 4671 7882 1714 15406 9266 6140 375 2530 1646 482 11839

Jamaica Korea, Rep. of Luxembourg Macau, China Malaysia b Mauritius Mexico b Morocco b Netherlands Pakistan

83 7879 1111 1315 619 587 722 2189 1014

Peru Philippines b Poland Portugal Romania Russian Fed. c Singapore domestic exports re-exports Slovak Rep. Slovenia Spain

120 1733 384 3491 363 1588 995 593 598

Sri Lanka Taipei, Chinese Thailand Tunisia Turkey United Kingdom United States Uruguay

638 3987 2817 1126 3331 3042 2565 153

Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-exports Extra-exports

1995

40782 29444 11338

I

I I I I

I

I

I

I

I

I I

253 5621 7500 1845 21297 9540 11757 1032 4110 3376 663 14175 287 4957 1377 2266 808 2731 797 2771 1611 202 2420 2304 3805 1360 240 1464 587 877 257 659 1115

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Trade by sector

Share in economy’s total merchandise exports

Value

a Or nearest year. b Includes significant exports from processing zones. c Includes Secretariat estimates.

155

Table IV.82

Imports of clothing of selected economies, 1990-00 (Million dollars and percentage) Share in economy’s total merchandise imports

Value 1990 Australia b Austria Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Canada b Chile Croatia Czech Rep. b, c Denmark Finland

Trade by sector

France Germany Greece Hong Kong, China retained imports Hungary c Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan

8381 20411 433 6913 773 167 826 61 2580 87 8737

Jordan Korea, Rep. of Kuwait Luxembourg Macau, China Mexico b, c Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland

28 151 206 26 573 4768 149 1231 209

Portugal Romania Russian Fed. d Saudi Arabia Singapore retained imports Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Tunisia

436 26 833 922 329 1649 2510 3437 191

United Arab Emirates d United Kingdom United States

528 6961 26977

Memorandum item: European Union (15) Intra-imports e Extra-imports

56844 28549 28295

a b c d e

156

711 2346 3590 2388 52 1069 887

I I

I I I I I

I I

I

I

I I

I

I I

Or nearest year. Imports are valued f.o.b. Includes significant imports into processing zones. Includes Secretariat estimates. See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.

1995

1998

1999

2000

1990

2000 a

1262 3089 4378 2688 290 271 460 1808 796

1519 2967 5297 3269 468 257 438 2315 933

1661 2791 5012 3282 419 215 425 2379 907

1781 2469 4811 3690 501 278 425 2209 848

1.8 4.8 3.0 2.0 0.7 3.2 3.3

2.6 3.6 2.8 3.2 1.5 2.8 3.5 1.3 5.0 2.5

11653 23084 1054 14297 1800 446 1146 364 5847 ... 14723

11564 21442 931 14757 1957 510 1166 356 5961 ... 16402

11480 19306 877 16009 1729 510 1204 471 6067 ... 19709

3.6 5.7 2.2 8.2 2.5 1.6 4.0 0.4 1.4 4.7 3.7

3.8 3.9 3.1 7.5 4.9 1.6 2.4 1.2 2.6 7.0 5.2

62 504 372 126 3750 5274 352 1429 599

... 763 330 237 169 3627 5321 401 1380 621

61 ... ... ... 214 3405 4833 401 1288 536

1.1 0.2 5.2 1.7 1.4 3.8 1.6 4.5 1.8

1.3 0.6 4.3 2.2 9.6 2.0 2.5 2.9 3.8 1.1

985 272 3186 922 1410 413 448 3198 2170 3528 517

1027 292 2294 782 1650 518 398 3678 2163 3410 476

922 322 2962 813 1887 566 ... 3765 2077 3223 ...

1.7 0.3 3.5 1.5 0.8 1.9 4.6 4.9 3.4

2.4 2.5 6.7 2.5 1.4 0.7 4.0 2.5 2.9 3.9 5.6

1120 8344 41367

1365 11977 55720

1458 12533 58785

... 12992 66392

4.7 3.1 5.2

4.5 3.9 5.3

76245

86786

86917

85909

3.6

42908

50111

50820

52452

3.6 2.9 4.9

10285 24544 794 12654 897 378 842 269 4651 227 18758 56 1073 319 89 1912 5012 305 1419 318 851 170 678 880 1644 767 262 2606 2127 3821 435

I

I

I

I

I

5.4

5. Commercial services 5.1 Transportation services Table IV.83

Chart IV.15

World exports of transportation services, 2000

World exports of transportation services and share in total commercial services, 1993-00

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

330

Annual percentage change

600

50 Share (right scale) Value (left scale)

500

1990-00

4

1998

-1

1999

0

2000

6

Share in world exports of commercial services

23.0

45

400

40

300

35

200

30

100

25

0

20 1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

Table IV.84

Chart IV.16

Share of transportation services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2000

Regional shares in world trade in transportation services, 2000

(Percentage)

(Percentage)

Imports

Trade by sector

Exports North America

18.7

30.7

Latin America

16.8

31.5

Western Europe

22.7

24.4

22.4

23.8

Africa

26.1

39.0

Exports

Asia

27.0

32.8

Imports

37.5

30.3

European Union (15)

Western Europe

Asia

Japan

North America

All other regions

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

157

Table IV.85

Leading exporters and importers of transportation services, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world exports/imports

Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

United States

51.2

16.7

15.5

3

-5

2

9

Japan

25.6

8.0

7.7

4

-3

8

12

Exporters

Netherlands

20.8

5.8

6.3

5

1

1

-2

Germany

19.4

6.6

5.9

3

5

-2

-3

France

19.4

7.3

5.9

2

5

-4

-1

United Kingdom

18.2

6.1

5.5

3

5

-2

-3

Hong Kong, China

13.7

3.1

4.1

7

-3

-6

14

Korea, Rep. of

12.8

1.4

3.9

15

-7

12

11

Denmark

11.0

1.9

3.3

10

4

7

40

Belgium-Luxembourg

10.4

3.3

3.1

4

3

1

4

Norway

9.5

3.8

2.9

1

-5

-1

15

Italy

8.9

4.6

2.7

-1

0

-7

-10

Spain

7.8

2.1

2.3

5

7

2

4

Canada

7.2

1.9

2.2

5

-1

6

14

Singapore

5.3

1.0

1.6

9

-14

3

17

Above 15

240.0

73.6

72.9

4

-1

1

6

Importers United States

64.6

13.6

15.8

6

7

10

16

Japan

35.1

10.2

8.6

3

-9

8

15

Germany

25.0

6.6

6.1

4

7

-3

3

United Kingdom

22.0

5.7

5.4

4

5

1

-5

France

19.5

6.7

4.8

1

4

-5

3 -3

Netherlands

14.6

4.2

3.6

3

9

2

Italy

13.7

4.2

3.3

2

0

-5

6

Korea, Rep. of

11.0

1.5

2.7

11

-13

11

11

China

10.4

1.2

2.5

12

-32

17

32

9.4

1.5

2.3

9

2

-1

35

Trade by sector

Denmark

158

Canada

9.3

2.2

2.3

5

-5

3

14

Belgium-Luxembourg

8.3

2.3

2.0

3

-2

-3

14 18

India

8.2

1.3

2.0

9

4

-2

Spain

8.1

1.8

2.0

6

9

8

4

Singapore

8.0

1.3

2.0

9

-8

8

27

Above 15

265.0

64.5

65.2

5

0

4

11

5.2 Travel services Table IV.86

Chart IV.17

World exports of travel services, 2000

World exports of travel services and share in total commercial services, 1993-00

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

465

Annual percentage change

600 500

1990-00

6

1998

1

1999

2

2000

5

Share in world exports of commercial services

32.4

50

Share (right scale) Value (left scale)

45

400

40

300

35

200

30

100

25

0

20 1992

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

Table IV.87

Chart IV.18

Share of travel services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2000

Regional shares in world trade in travel services, 2000

(Percentage)

(Percentage)

2000

Imports

Trade by sector

Exports

1999

North America

35.7

33.0

Latin America

53.3

30.8

Western Europe

30.4

31.0

30.3

30.8

Africa

48.9

20.4

Exports

Asia

26.9

27.4

Imports

4.9

27.6

European Union (15)

Western Europe

Asia

Japan

North America

All other regions

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

159

Table IV.88

Leading exporters and importers of travel services, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world exports/imports

Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

12

Exporters 100.5

19.0

21.6

7

-1

5

Spain

United States

30.9

7.0

6.7

5

12

8

-4

France

30.9

7.6

6.6

4

8

6

-1

Italy

27.4

6.2

5.9

5

0

-5

-3

United Kingdom

21.7

5.9

4.7

3

5

-4

-5

Germany

17.6

5.4

3.8

2

1

-1

5

China

16.2

0.7

3.5

25

4

12

15

Canada

10.6

2.4

2.3

5

6

8

4

Austria

10.0

5.1

2.1

-3

2

-1

-10

Australia

8.4

1.6

1.8

7

-16

9

5

Mexico

8.3

2.1

1.8

4

4

-9

15

Switzerland

7.7

2.8

1.6

0

1

-2

-2

Turkey

7.6

1.2

1.6

9

2

-28

47

Hong Kong, China

7.5

2.0

1.6

3

-23

-4

10

Belgium-Luxembourg

7.4

1.4

1.6

7

3

35

1

315.0

70.4

67.3

5

1

3

5

Above 15

Trade by sector

Importers United States

67.3

14.6

15.5

6

9

5

10

Germany

47.1

13.0

10.8

3

2

-1

-3

United Kingdom

38.0

7.0

8.7

8

17

11

3

Japan

31.9

9.6

7.3

2

-13

14

-3

France

17.9

4.7

4.1

4

8

-2

-3

Italy

15.4

4.0

3.6

4

6

-4

-9

China

13.1

0.2

3.0

39

13

18

21 -5

Hong Kong, China

12.5

1.8

2.9

10

6

-3

Netherlands

12.2

2.8

2.8

5

7

0

1

Canada

12.1

4.2

2.8

1

-6

5

7 44

Russian Fed.

10.2

-

2.4

…

-14

-18

Belgium-Luxembourg

10.2

2.1

2.3

6

6

19

-3

Austria

8.5

3.0

1.9

1

-5

-4

-8

Taipei, Chinese

8.1

1.9

1.9

5

-11

1

10

Sweden

8.0

2.4

1.9

2

18

4

0

315.0

73.5

72.0

5

3

4

3

Above 15

160

5.3 Other commercial services Table IV.89

Chart IV.19

World exports of other commercial services, 2000

World exports of other commercial services and share in total commercial services, 1993-00

(Billion dollars and percentage)

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value

640

Annual percentage change

700 600

1990-00

8

1998

2

1999

2

2000

6

Share in world trade in commercial services

44.6

60

Share (right scale) Value (left scale)

50

500

45

400

40

300

35

200

30

100

25

0

20 1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

Table IV.90

Chart IV.20

Share of other commercial services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2000

Regional shares in world trade in other commercial services, 2000

(Percentage)

(Percentage)

Imports

Trade by sector

Exports North America

45.6

36.3

Latin America

30.0

37.8

Western Europe

46.9

44.6

47.3

45.3

Africa

25.1

40.7

Exports

Asia

46.0

39.8

Imports

57.6

42.1

European Union (15)

Western Europe

Asia

Japan

North America

All other regions

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

161

Table IV.91

Leading exporters and importers of other commercial services, 2000 (Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world exports/imports

Value

Annual percentage change

2000

1990

2000

1990-00

1998

1999

2000

122.9

15.3

19.2

11

8

5

9

60.0

8.2

9.4

10

11

8

-3

Exporters United States United Kingdom Germany

43.0

7.6

6.7

7

0

1

1

Japan

39.3

6.8

6.1

7

-12

-8

16

France

30.8

10.1

4.8

0

4

-11

1 -1

Netherlands

24.4

3.9

3.8

8

4

9

Belgium-Luxembourg

24.2

4.6

3.8

6

11

8

5

Hong Kong, China

20.9

2.0

3.3

14

2

11

14

Italy

20.4

7.5

3.2

-1

1

-14

-9

Canada

19.4

2.6

3.0

10

7

4

10

Austria

15.7

2.7

2.5

7

-5

15

2

Switzerland

15.6

2.9

2.4

6

8

4

1 12

Singapore

15.5

2.0

2.4

10

-49

46

Spain

14.3

1.5

2.2

13

15

13

8

Ireland

12.6

0.3

2.0

32

…

-1

11

480.0

77.9

74.9

8

4

3

5

United States

67.0

8.2

11.3

11

15

-2

15

Germany

60.2

9.5

10.2

8

4

10

0

Japan

48.7

11.0

8.2

4

-8

-5

-4

Italy

26.6

8.5

4.5

1

10

-14

-3

Netherlands

24.3

3.6

4.1

9

3

9

5 -5

Above 15

Trade by sector

Importers

France

24.1

6.9

4.1

2

7

-9

Ireland

23.5

0.9

4.0

24

…

-8

9

United Kingdom

22.1

3.9

3.7

7

7

3

-2

Canada

20.4

3.6

3.4

7

3

3

8

Belgium-Luxembourg

19.8

4.3

3.3

4

15

4

7

Austria

17.7

1.7

3.0

13

-6

19

2

Spain

17.3

2.1

2.9

11

16

14

2

Korea, Rep. of

15.1

1.1

2.6

17

-1

2

27

China

12.3

0.1

2.1

41

9

16

1

Sweden

11.7

2.3

2.0

6

20

12

7

410.0

67.8

69.3

7

9

1

4

Above 15

162

Appendix tables

Table A1

World merchandise exports, production and gross domestic product, 1990-00 (Index, 1990=100) 1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

102

108

107

121

145

152

157

155

161

181

101

108

104

119

139

143

142

136

132

135

94

93

88

91

108

127

130

104

119

169

103

112

111

128

152

159

167

170

176

194

98

100

95

98

107

106

99

93

92

92

98

99

94

99

111

109

103

98

92

88

World merchandise exports Value Total merchandise a Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures Unit value Total merchandise a Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures

92

87

81

80

86

96

90

69

80

113

100

103

99

102

111

109

102

99

96

92

104

109

113

124

136

143

158

166

175

196

Volume Total merchandise a Agricultural products

103

109

111

120

126

131

139

139

143

154

Mining products

103

107

108

114

125

132

144

151

148

149

Manufactures

104

109

112

126

137

146

163

172

184

210

100

100

100

103

107

111

116

118

121

127

Agriculture

100

103

103

106

108

113

116

117

120

122

Mining

100

100

102

104

106

109

112

114

112

116

99

99

99

102

107

110

116

119

123

130

101

102

103

105

107

110

114

117

120

125

World merchandise production Total merchandise

Manufacturing

World real GDP

Appendix tables

a Includes unspecified products. Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

163

Table A2

Network of world merchandise trade by region, 1990, 1995 and 2000 (Billion dollars)

Destination

World a

North America

Latin America

Western Europe

Total

C/E.Europe/Baltic States/CIS

EU (15)

Total b

C/E Europe

Russian Fed.

Origin World

1990 1995 2000

3388.00 4934.00 6186.00

619.65 898.03 1405.90

129.22 238.14 345.85

1627.67 2114.42 2437.90

1482.42 1936.80 2232.58

118.93 151.47 228.72

50.48 94.47 135.52

… 42.50

North America

1990 1995 2000

521.78 777.37 1058.10

178.50 279.21 420.56

56.03 99.98 174.06

125.27 147.73 195.32

114.31 135.63 177.99

5.26 6.16 6.36

1.21 2.14 2.76

… 2.22

Latin America

1990 1995 2000

146.77 228.66 358.70

66.66 107.54 220.10

20.48 46.78 61.59

31.19 39.62 45.01

29.64 36.94 41.60

6.67 2.03 2.72

0.84 0.62 1.03

… 1.33

Western Europe

1990 1995 2000

1637.12 2215.47 2441.31

128.41 162.11 263.34

29.35 53.60 54.85

1168.99 1530.71 1653.62

1065.29 1399.82 1512.25

62.03 97.30 129.49

28.55 62.65 94.37

… 19.37

1990 1995 2000

1508.80 2051.50 2251.25

117.75 147.89 239.00

27.25 50.61 51.57

1080.30 1420.55 1525.78

979.66 1295.27 1392.34

55.27 89.91 121.60

25.95 58.82 89.64

… 17.82

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS b

1990 1995 2000

105.42 159.48 270.99

2.55 7.53 11.52

3.15 3.52 6.25

58.20 93.50 146.60

49.70 81.62 128.96

25.10 29.00 72.10

14.20 21.89 28.94

… 13.36

Central and Eastern Europe

1990 1995 2000

46.42 79.46 116.00

… … 4.38

… … 0.89

… … 85.78

… … 79.46

… … 19.21

… … 13.63

… 2.02

Russian Fed.

1990 1995 2000

… 105.20

… 4.85

… 4.40

… 45.61

… 36.89

… 31.77

… 12.24

-

Africa

1990 1995 2000

104.08 107.26 144.70

15.80 15.17 26.43

1.56 2.33 4.42

59.87 57.59 71.83

54.27 54.02 67.62

2.33 1.52 1.16

1.15 1.13 0.73

… 0.27

Middle East

1990 1995 2000

134.10 145.62 262.60

18.83 16.50 41.29

5.00 2.87 3.19

36.14 31.60 47.91

32.13 28.10 44.01

3.42 1.68 1.56

1.83 0.93 0.55

… 0.23

Asia

1990 1995 2000

738.92 1300.60 1649.20

208.91 309.97 422.67

13.64 29.07 41.48

148.02 213.67 277.61

137.10 200.68 260.16

14.13 13.77 15.33

2.72 5.10 7.15

… 5.73

Japan

1990 1995 2000

287.58 443.12 479.25

97.74 127.89 151.66

7.23 11.96 13.22

63.76 74.85 83.42

58.57 70.52 78.41

3.20 2.07 2.52

0.64 0.73 1.63

… 0.57

Australia and New Zealand

1990 1995 2000

49.24 66.76 77.14

6.58 5.93 9.29

0.69 1.02 1.27

8.28 8.82 9.76

7.25 8.08 9.33

0.69 0.41 0.35

0.20 0.14 0.12

… 0.18

Other Asia

1990 1995 2000

402.10 790.73 1092.82

104.59 176.15 261.72

5.73 16.09 26.99

75.97 130.00 184.44

71.29 122.08 172.42

10.23 11.30 12.46

1.88 4.23 5.40

… 4.98

Appendix tables

European Union (15)

164

Table A2 (continued)

Network of world merchandise trade by region, 1990, 1995 and 2000 (Billion dollars)

Total

South Africa

Middle East Other Africa

Asia

Total

Destination

Aust./ N.Zealand

Japan

Other Asia Total

China

Other

Origin

88.24 112.45 120.24

13.99 25.81 26.57

74.25 86.64 93.67

94.29 128.32 150.35

650.59 1211.80 1427.47

208.88 293.40 339.06

45.30 65.44 76.36

396.41 852.96 1012.04

43.29 121.11 180.91

353.12 731.85 831.14

1990 World 1995 2000

9.00 11.14 12.00

1.95 3.07 3.45

7.05 8.07 8.55

12.28 18.84 20.37

132.89 211.49 229.11

55.61 73.00 70.93

10.58 13.50 15.36

66.70 125.00 142.82

6.23 14.21 18.66

60.47 110.78 124.16

1990 North America 1995 2000

2.13 2.99 3.16

0.34 0.75 0.74

1.79 2.24 2.42

2.34 2.61 2.80

13.99 22.72 21.41

7.45 8.94 7.93

0.44 0.60 0.70

6.10 13.18 12.79

1.13 2.77 3.94

4.97 10.41 8.85

1990 Latin America 1995 2000

53.96 60.93 58.93

7.96 12.35 11.23

45.99 48.58 47.70

45.58 57.99 59.53

119.76 210.98 199.00

34.78 46.90 46.06

12.33 17.09 17.40

72.65 146.99 135.54

7.96 20.17 29.04

64.70 126.82 106.50

1990 Western Europe 1995 2000

51.23 58.06 55.79

7.50 11.65 10.74

43.73 46.41 45.06

40.10 52.08 53.80

108.14 194.00 182.79

30.80 42.49 41.20

11.48 16.00 16.42

65.86 135.51 125.18

7.48 19.17 27.80

58.38 116.34 97.38

1990 1995 2000

2.10 2.42 2.76

0.00 0.18 0.13

2.10 2.24 2.63

2.75 4.24 6.51

11.46 17.28 20.46

3.22 3.91 4.92

0.16 0.14 0.13

8.08 13.24 15.42

2.83 4.82 7.68

5.25 8.42 7.74

1990 C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS b 1995 2000

… … 1.12

… … 0.08

… … 1.05

… … 1.42

… … 2.79

… … 0.38

… … 0.11

… … 2.31

… … 0.31

… … 2.00

1990 1995 2000

Central and Eastern Europe

… 1.08

… 0.04

… 1.04

… 4.09

… 13.33

… 4.35

… 0.01

… 8.97

… 5.24

… 3.74

1990 1995 2000

Russian Fed.

6.14 10.58 10.97

0.32 0.75 0.79

5.82 9.83 10.18

1.55 1.69 2.13

8.03 14.97 24.76

3.09 3.95 3.97

0.17 0.44 0.66

4.77 10.58 20.13

0.49 0.93 4.72

4.28 9.64 15.40

1990 Africa 1995 2000

4.10 5.14 10.34

1.65 2.09 3.70

2.45 3.05 6.65

8.50 11.30 16.56

53.40 67.73 125.71

28.00 28.40 45.95

1.52 1.55 2.35

23.88 37.78 77.41

0.43 1.88 9.14

23.45 35.90 68.27

1990 Middle East 1995 2000

10.83 19.24 22.09

1.77 6.61 6.55

9.06 12.63 15.54

21.30 31.66 42.45

311.06 666.63 807.02

76.73 128.30 159.31

20.09 32.13 39.76

214.23 506.21 607.94

24.23 76.34 107.72

190.00 429.87 500.22

1990 Asia 1995 2000

4.28 5.60 4.21

1.52 2.47 1.89

2.76 3.13 2.32

9.09 8.99 9.98

98.21 203.27 207.49

-

8.11 9.72 9.83

90.11 193.55 197.66

8.96 33.42 42.62

81.14 160.13 155.03

1990 1995 2000

Japan

0.69 0.94 1.69

0.11 0.54 0.78

0.59 0.40 0.91

1.75 1.50 3.23

29.62 47.29 50.09

11.55 14.49 14.42

3.87 6.74 6.50

14.20 26.06 29.17

1.07 2.67 3.89

13.14 23.39 25.28

1990 1995 2000

Australia and New Zealand

5.85 12.71 16.20

0.15 3.61 3.88

5.71 9.10 12.32

10.46 21.17 29.25

183.23 416.07 549.44

65.18 113.81 144.90

8.12 15.66 23.43

109.92 286.60 381.12

14.20 40.25 61.21

95.72 246.35 319.91

1990 1995 2000

Other Asia

a Includes unspecified destinations. b Excludes the intra-trade of the Baltic States and the CIS in 1990 and 1995. Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

European Union (15)

Appendix tables

Africa

165

Table A3

Network of world merchandise trade by region, 1998-00 (Billion dollars)

Destination

World a

North America

Latin America

Western Europe

Total

C/E.Europe/Baltic States/CIS

EU (15)

Total

C/E Europe

Russian Fed.

Origin World

1998 1999 2000

5297.00 5510.00 6186.00

1083.47 1206.05 1405.90

310.13 294.44 345.85

2297.11 2326.55 2437.90

2095.51 2137.78 2232.58

228.38 198.13 228.72

124.20 120.43 135.52

52.58 35.47 42.50

North America

1998 1999 2000

896.77 940.89 1058.10

337.02 372.92 420.56

146.26 146.83 174.06

176.07 182.29 195.32

161.23 167.18 177.99

8.07 6.13 6.36

2.82 2.64 2.76

3.79 1.99 2.22

Latin America

1998 1999 2000

280.20 298.70 358.70

152.71 179.14 220.10

57.06 50.17 61.59

40.95 41.03 45.01

38.56 38.38 41.60

2.90 2.71 2.72

0.90 0.84 1.03

1.87 1.82 1.33

Western Europe

1998 1999 2000

2363.55 2369.83 2441.31

208.51 232.35 263.34

60.64 53.25 54.85

1629.81 1639.44 1653.62

1487.29 1504.10 1512.25

132.94 118.05 129.49

89.40 87.37 94.37

25.39 16.46 19.37

1998 1999 2000

2194.60 2196.77 2251.25

191.57 212.00 239.00

57.14 50.04 51.57

1515.22 1523.10 1525.78

1380.74 1395.06 1392.34

123.67 110.79 121.60

84.75 82.94 89.64

22.79 15.08 17.82

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1998 1999 2000

216.48 214.85 270.99

9.90 10.65 11.52

3.48 4.45 6.25

113.96 118.50 146.60

100.02 105.03 128.96

66.64 55.52 72.10

22.97 21.82 28.94

15.15 10.39 13.36

Central and Eastern Europe

1998 1999 2000

101.11 101.64 116.00

3.30 3.57 4.38

0.89 0.77 0.89

71.38 75.58 85.78

66.64 70.52 79.46

20.62 16.89 19.21

12.97 11.85 13.63

3.52 1.89 2.02

Russian Fed.

1998 1999 2000

74.90 75.70 105.20

5.38 5.11 4.85

2.04 2.90 4.40

29.89 31.29 45.61

23.34 24.85 36.89

25.65 22.72 31.77

7.70 7.80 12.24

-

Africa

1998 1999 2000

104.30 114.30 144.70

15.77 16.76 26.43

2.76 3.30 4.42

55.25 57.69 71.83

51.86 54.23 67.62

1.56 1.35 1.16

1.01 0.85 0.73

0.33 0.32 0.27

Middle East

1998 1999 2000

140.10 179.50 262.60

19.59 26.64 41.29

2.37 2.28 3.19

31.94 35.36 47.91

28.89 32.36 44.01

1.88 1.57 1.56

0.72 0.59 0.55

0.23 0.17 0.23

Asia

1998 1999 2000

1295.27 1392.03 1649.20

339.98 367.60 422.67

37.57 34.17 41.48

249.14 252.25 277.61

227.66 236.50 260.16

14.39 12.80 15.33

6.38 6.33 7.15

5.83 4.33 5.73

Japan

1998 1999 2000

387.93 419.37 479.25

126.22 136.76 151.66

14.01 11.49 13.22

77.19 79.52 83.42

71.69 74.58 78.41

2.40 2.02 2.52

1.14 1.23 1.63

0.98 0.48 0.57

Australia and New Zealand

1998 1999 2000

67.96 68.54 77.14

7.88 8.08 9.29

1.39 1.16 1.27

11.13 9.74 9.76

9.91 9.21 9.33

0.43 0.32 0.35

0.16 0.10 0.12

0.25 0.15 0.18

Other Asia

1998 1999 2000

839.38 904.13 1092.82

205.89 222.76 261.72

22.16 21.52 26.99

160.82 162.99 184.44

146.07 152.72 172.42

11.56 10.46 12.46

5.08 5.00 5.40

4.60 3.70 4.98

Appendix tables

European Union (15)

166

Table A3 (continued )

Network of world merchandise trade by region, 1998-00 (Billion dollars)

Total

South Africa

Middle East Other Africa

Asia

Total

Destination

Aust./ N. Zealand

Japan

Other Asia Total

China

Other

Origin

119.65 114.20 120.24

25.82 23.32 26.57

93.83 90.88 93.67

147.93 138.13 150.35

1046.60 1155.60 1427.47

249.31 273.34 339.06

69.04 73.52 76.36

728.25 808.74 1012.04

124.52 135.47 180.91

603.72 673.27 831.14

1998 World 1999 2000

12.60 11.10 12.00

3.95 3.03 3.45

8.65 8.07 8.55

24.72 22.38 20.37

191.61 198.86 229.11

63.82 63.77 70.93

14.63 14.67 15.36

113.16 120.42 142.82

15.97 15.05 18.66

97.19 105.37 124.16

1998 North America 1999 2000

3.49 2.94 3.16

0.62 0.64 0.74

2.87 2.30 2.42

3.31 2.75 2.80

18.09 18.49 21.41

6.57 7.01 7.93

0.57 0.62 0.70

10.94 10.86 12.79

2.84 2.20 3.94

8.10 8.65 8.85

1998 Latin America 1999 2000

63.65 59.20 58.93

12.27 10.55 11.23

51.38 48.65 47.70

61.38 56.98 59.53

172.52 178.38 199.00

38.76 42.44 46.06

17.09 17.76 17.40

116.68 118.18 135.54

19.90 24.24 29.04

96.78 93.94 106.50

60.03 55.67 55.79

11.73 10.11 10.74

48.29 45.56 45.06

55.71 51.20 53.80

158.80 163.16 182.79

34.50 37.70 41.20

16.14 16.75 16.42

108.16 108.71 125.18

19.02 23.00 27.80

89.15 85.71 97.38

2.63 2.73 2.76

0.11 0.11 0.13

2.53 2.62 2.63

4.56 3.94 6.51

12.54 15.81 20.46

3.23 3.98 4.92

0.16 0.12 0.13

9.16 11.71 15.42

4.65 5.26 7.68

4.51 6.45 7.74

1998 C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 1999 2000

1.16 1.12 1.12

0.06 0.05 0.08

1.11 1.08 1.05

1.53 1.21 1.42

1.94 2.24 2.79

0.30 0.26 0.38

0.14 0.10 0.11

1.50 1.89 2.31

0.17 0.32 0.31

1.33 1.58 2.00

1998 1999 2000

Central and Eastern Europe

1.04 1.12 1.08

0.03 0.06 0.04

1.01 1.06 1.04

2.13 1.85 4.09

8.04 10.36 13.33

2.75 3.58 4.35

0.02 0.01 0.01

5.28 6.77 8.97

3.20 3.53 5.24

2.08 3.25 3.74

1998 1999 2000

Russian Fed.

9.50 9.83 10.97

0.66 0.78 0.79

8.84 9.05 10.18

1.97 2.04 2.13

14.58 19.47 24.76

3.30 3.28 3.97

0.48 0.63 0.66

10.80 15.56 20.13

1.28 2.16 4.72

9.52 13.40 15.40

1998 Africa 1999 2000

6.21 7.13 10.34

1.73 2.39 3.70

4.48 4.75 6.65

11.90 12.74 16.56

60.12 77.54 125.71

23.30 28.19 45.95

1.17 1.42 2.35

35.65 47.94 77.41

2.89 3.27 9.14

32.76 44.67 68.27

1998 Middle East 1999 2000

21.58 21.28 22.09

6.49 5.83 6.55

15.09 15.45 15.54

40.08 37.30 42.45

577.14 647.05 807.02

110.34 124.68 159.31

34.94 38.30 39.76

431.86 484.08 607.94

77.00 83.30 107.72

354.86 400.78 500.22

1998 Asia 1999 2000

4.80 4.52 4.21

1.79 1.64 1.89

3.00 2.88 2.32

12.76 10.17 9.98

144.34 165.99 207.49

-

9.21 9.93 9.83

135.13 156.06 197.66

31.29 34.10 42.62

103.84 121.97 155.03

1998 1999 2000

Japan

1.59 1.53 1.69

0.72 0.63 0.78

0.87 0.90 0.91

2.50 2.58 3.23

42.10 44.13 50.09

12.51 12.35 14.42

6.11 7.02 6.50

23.47 24.76 29.17

2.74 2.97 3.89

20.74 21.79 25.28

1998 1999 2000

Australia and New Zealand

15.19 15.24 16.20

3.97 3.57 3.88

11.22 11.67 12.32

24.82 24.56 29.25

390.70 436.93 549.44

97.83 112.32 144.90

19.61 21.35 23.43

273.26 303.25 381.12

42.98 46.23 61.21

230.28 257.02 319.91

1998 1999 2000

Other Asia

a Includes unspecified destinations. Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

1998 Western Europe 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000

European Union (15)

Appendix tables

Africa

167

Table A4

Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 1990-00 (Billion dollars and percentage) 1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

APEC (21) Total exports

1327

1426

1535

1636

1865

2189

2284

2444

2345

2504

2931

Intra-exports

896

972

1065

1165

1366

1599

1639

1749

1624

1773

2127

Extra-exports

431

455

470

471

499

590

645

695

721

731

804

Total imports a

1404

1450

1560

1694

1955

2281

2441

2577

2396

2629

3171

Intra-imports

918

993

1090

1202

1400

1637

1714

1811

1704

1884

2159

Extra-imports

486

457

470

492

556

645

727

766

692

745

1013

EU (15) Total exports

1509

1493

1584 I

1466

1668

2052

2120

2110

2195

2197

2251

Intra-exports

980

988

1045 I

914

1042

1295

1322

1297

1381

1395

1392

Extra-exports

529

504

540

552

627

756

798

813

814

802

859

Total imports

1558

1579

1654 I

1477

1668

2035

2091

2085

2209

2252

2362

Intra-imports

982

990

1048 I

917

1045

1299

1326

1301

1385

1399

1396

Extra-imports

577

589

606

560

624

735

765

784

825

853

966

NAFTA (3) Total exports

562

592

629

662

739

856

923

1014

1014

1077

1224

Intra-exports

240

249

274

304

354

394

433

495

520

580

686

Extra-exports

322

342

355

358

384

462

489

519

494

497

539

Total imports b

673

676

738

800

917

1008

1082

1208

1271

1417

1672

Intra-imports

232

241

266

294

342

380

422

482

512

572

674

Extra-imports

442

435

473

506

574

628

660

726

759

845

998

ASEAN (10) Total exports

144

165

186

212

262

321

340

353

329

359

427

Intra-exports

29

35

39

47

65

82

87

88

72

79

101

Extra-exports

115

130

147

165

197

239

254

265

257

280

326

163

184

201

232

281

354

375

372

278

299

367

Intra-imports

26

32

37

44

55

67

74

75

63

69

90

Extra-imports

136

152

164

187

226

287

302

297

215

231

277

117

Total imports

CEFTA (6) Total exports

-

-

-

-

62

82

87

94

104

104

Intra-exports

-

-

-

-

9

12

12

13

13

12

13

Extra-exports

-

-

-

-

53

70

75

81

91

92

103 149

Total imports

-

-

-

-

73

98

115

123

137

134

Intra-imports

-

-

-

-

8

11

12

12

13

13

14

Extra-imports

-

-

-

-

65

87

103

111

123

121

135

Total exports

46

46

50

54

62

70

75

83

81

74

85

Intra-exports

4

5

7

10

12

14

17

21

20

15

18

Extra-exports

42

41

43

44

50

56

58

63

61

59

67

29

34

41

49

63

80

87

103

99

82

89

Intra-imports

4

5

7

9

12

14

18

21

21

16

18

Extra-imports

25

29

34

39

50

65

70

82

78

67

71

58

Total imports

ANDEAN (5) Total exports

31

29

28

28

34

40

46

46

39

43

Intra-exports

1

2

2

3

3

5

5

6

5

4

5

Extra-exports

30

28

26

25

30

35

41

41

34

40

53

Total imports c

18

22

27

29

30

38

36

44

45

36

40

Intra-imports

1

2

2

3

3

5

5

6

5

4

6

Extra-imports

16

20

25

26

27

33

31

38

39

32

34

Appendix tables

MERCOSUR (4)

a Imports of Canada, Mexico, Peru and Australia are valued f.o.b. b Imports of Canada and Mexico are valued f.o.b. c Imports of Peru and Venezuela are valued f.o.b. Note: The figures are not fully adjusted for differences in the way members of the arrangements in this table record their merchandise trade.

169

Table A5

World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1990-00 (Million dollars) 1990

1991

3442000

3509000

North America

521775

Canada United States

127629 393592

World a

Latin America Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Netherlands Antilles Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia St. Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay Venezuela

Appendix tables

Western Europe

170

Austria Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Iceland Ireland Italy Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Norway Portugal

1992

1993

1994

3759000 I

3747000

4244000

549335

583055

610305

127163 421730

134435 448163

145178 464773

146800

145100

153100 I

21 12353 1050 209 108 926 31414 8372 6766 1448 5100 55 2170 2714 582 27 1163 251 160 831 1135 40711 1789 330 340 959 3230 28 127 83 472 2080 1693 17497

40 11978 1517 205 98 849 31620 8941 7232 1598 2800 54 2449 2852 588 23 1202 248 166 792 1053 42688 1599 272 358 737 3329 27 110 67 359 1985 1605 15155

55 12235 1770 191 115 710 35793 10007 6917 1841 I 1600 56 2831 3007 796 20 1295 302 73 802 1102 46196 1559 223 502 657 3484 26 123 78 391 1869 1703 14185

1637120

1619250

41265 117703 36870 26571 216588 421100 8105 1592 23743 170304 1133 131775 34047 16417

41111 118199 37824 23080 217100 402843 8666 1550 24224 169465 1234 133631 34107 16280

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

5079000 I

5347000

5537000

5447000

5662000

6364000

678355

777370

827145

903465

896770

940890

1058095

165376 512627

192197 584743

201633 625073

214422 688697

214327 682138

238446 702098

276635 781125

161800

188300

229300

256300

283800

280200

298700

358700

47 13118 1450 179 118 728 38597 9198 7115 2625 1000 48 3211 2904 1032 22 1340 423 80 814 1069 51886 1283 267 553 725 3514 27 120 57 326 1662 1645 14066

27 15659 1030 182 127 1032 43558 11604 8419 2869 1385 47 3453 3819 1249 25 1521 456 82 843 1212 60882 1376 351 583 816 4554 22 106 50 449 1954 1913 16089

30 20967 940 239 142 1100 46506 16024 10125 3453 1600 45 3780 4307 1652 23 2155 455 110 1220 1427 79542 1522 526 625 919 5575 19 124 42 477 2467 2106 18457

17 23811 1030 281 154 1137 47747 15405 10587 3730 2015 51 4053 4900 1789 21 2031 517 90 1316 1383 96000 1269 671 623 1044 5897 22 82 46 433 2569 2397 23060

13 26370 1110 283 159 1167 52990 16663 11522 4268 1812 53 4614 5264 2416 23 2344 644 120 1446 1383 110431 1488 704 723 1089 6841 26 66 46 701 2569 2726 21624

15 26441 860 252 155 1104 51120 14830 10852 5511 1540 63 4989 4203 2452 27 2582 484 175 1575 1312 117460 1169 573 784 1014 5757 28 62 50 436 2264 2769 17193

10 23333 920 264 166 1051 48011 15616 11576 6577 1466 54 5137 4451 2497 46 2398 523 196 1249 1240 136391 1360 544 821 741 6113 28 59 49 450 2806 2237 20190

10 26298 910 272 194 1214 55086 18158 13040 5865 1635 53 5700 4846 2933 50 2650 570 164 1322 1296 166424 1290 625 859 852 7002 30 60 47 435 4600 2295 31802

1719020 I

1591090

1807735

2215470

2294390

2282085

2363550

2369835

2441310

44435 123132 276 4597 41577 23981 235871 430042 9510 1528 28331 178155 1540 140335 35178 18350

40174 120688 95 3913 37748 23446 210319 380075 8437 1399 29092 169164 1355 139095 31853 15388

44913 139452 91 4260 42401 29514 235249 427100 9399 1623 34080 191048 1570 157941 34692 17927

62584 178811 605 4541 48173 43145 306052 542812 10868 2050 64284 245469 1834 200769 40402 24770

64292 179320 627 4303 49705 41867 302443 544076 10150 2004 71258 235806 7865 1980 201197 45479 24564

63903 186148 1030 4390 49631 45635 298127 551505 10229 1920 79868 237750 7850 2336 212507 60038 23323

I

I I I I I I

I I

1995

57533 171001 152 4633 50594 40310 286795 I 523007 10945 1804 44610 234003 1914 196902 41992 22596

57827 170324 336 4511 51026 40448 289461 524291 11880 1897 48649 252048 1731 200976 49645 24610

58588 168223 I 575 4170 48631 40999 289945 512448 11167 1851 53569 240225 1641 193598 48541 23929

Table A5 (continued)

World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1990-00

1990

1991

Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland TFYR Macedonia Turkey United Kingdom Yugoslavia Yugoslavia, former

55642 57540 63784 12959 185172 14308

60177 55217 61517 13594 184964 13947

European Union (15) Extra-exports

1508795 529135

1492780 504450

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Albania Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Bulgaria Czech and Slovak Fed. Rep., former Czech Rep. Estonia Georgia Hungary Kazakhstan Kyrgyz Rep. Latvia Lithuania Moldova, Rep. of Poland Romania Russian Fed. Slovak Rep. Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine USSR, former Uzbekistan Central and Eastern Europe Africa Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Congo Congo, Dem. Rep. of Côte d'Ivoire Djibouti

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

6681 64334 I 56118 65678 1199 14716 190003 I 2929 -

6083 60935 49857 63185 1055 15343 181645 332 -

6828 73129 61292 70360 1086 18106 205021 240 -

8316 91613 79584 81641 1204 21637 242008 230 -

8312 102091 84879 80843 1147 23224 261693 2018 -

8372 104277 82883 76150 1236 26261 281659 2677 -

9048 109037 84944 78856 1311 26974 272879 2858 -

8604 110246 84842 80300 1192 26588 269139 1498 -

8733 113747 86933 81534 1319 26572 284090 1727 -

1584175 I 539615

1466065 552035

1668465 626675

2051500 756220

2120205 798095

2110140 812770

2194595 813855

2196770 801710

2251245 858905

105420

92905 I

100050 I

107215

123705 I

159475 I

213635 I

223645 I

216480 I

214850

270985

230 5030 11880 10000 14320 4960 59000 -

100 3760 11460 10185 13800 4400 49200 -

70 ... ... ... 3550 12170 I ... ... 10705 ... ... ... ... ... 14500 4500 40000 6355 ... ... ... ...

125 ... ... ... 3580 14465 ... ... 8905 ... ... ... ... ... 14140 4890 45480 5460 ... ... ... ...

140 55 375 965 4005 16205 735 40 10700 1325 115 485 860 I 150 17240 6150 51320 6690 380 480 4345 I 945

200 100 I 340 I 1415 I 5355 21655 1155 I 55 I 12865 I 2195 I 135 I 695 I 1310 I 265 I 22895 7910 63320 I 8580 470 I 940 I 5945 I 1675 I

215 290 630 5650 4890 21905 2080 200 15705 5910 505 1445 3355 795 24440 8085 88600 8830 I 770 1695 14400 3240

140 235 780 7300 4940 22775 2940 240 19100 6495 605 1670 3860 875 25750 I 8430 88330 9695 745 1000 14230 3510

205 220 605 7070 4300 26350 I 3245 I 190 23005 5435 515 1810 3710 630 28230 8300 74900 10720 595 590 12635 3220

265 235 930 5920 3935 26240 2410 240 25015 5590 455 1725 3005 460 27405 8505 75700 10275 690 1340 11580 2930

260 300 1750 7380 4725 29000 3175 330 28090 9140 505 1865 3810 470 31650 10365 105200 11905 780 2700 14575 3010

46420

43705 I

51850 I

51565

61130

79460 I

84070 I

90830 I

101110 I

101640

115995

104100

98900

96800

91600

94400

107200 I

123500

126300 I

104300

114300

144700

12930 3910 288 1784 152 75 2002 6 120 188 18 981 999 3072 25

12570 3410 330 1849 106 90 1834 6 126 194 24 1029 829 2686 17

11130 3755 335 1742 64 72 1840 5 124 182 22 1183 426 2840 16

10230 3762 384 1780 69 68 1883 4 133 131 22 1068 368 2648 17

8880 3018 398 1878 107 107 1486 5 151 157 11 959 418 2742 17

10240 3642 420 2142 160 105 1651 9 178 184 11 1172 437 3644 17

12620 5095 528 2536 233 39 1768 13 147 243 6 1555 591 4281 23

13894 5007 424 2842 232 86 1860 14 154 237 9 1668 530 4451 28

9839 3543 414 1948 319 65 1671 10 200 261 9 1476 500 4606 23

12525 5156 405 2644 254 54 1601 11 150 202 10 1560 490 4542 20

19550 7858 376 2670 228 49 1880 13 170 183 … 2500 450 4029 …

Appendix tables

(Million dollars)

171

Table A5 (continued)

World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1990-00 (Million dollars)

Egypt Equatorial Guinea Ethiopia Ethiopia, former Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa b Sudan Swaziland Tanzania, United Rep. of Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Middle East

Appendix tables

Bahrain Cyprus Iran, Islamic Rep. of Iraq Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Syrian Arab Republic United Arab Emirates Yemen

172

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2585 65 298 2204 40 897 671 19 1031 59 330 13877 319 417 359 469 1194 4265 126 1085 282 13670 110 4 761 56 138 150 23549 374 556 415 268 3526 147 1309 1726

3659 86 189 2243 42 617 755 20 1108 67 340 11212 305 472 312 439 1195 4313 162 1213 312 12264 93 6 651 49 145 91 23306 305 611 342 253 3699 200 1083 1532

3051 58 169 2082 63 1252 657 6 1339 109 350 10300 277 383 342 425 1297 3984 139 1341 333 11886 66 5 673 48 149 118 23875 319 664 416 275 4019 142 756 1445

3105 75 199 2295 51 974 665 28 1336 133 300 8020 261 320 349 423 1299 3991 132 1289 287 9908 66 5 707 51 118 117 24261 417 674 450 136 3802 179 826 1567

3476 66 372 2350 35 1425 626 33 1609 143 350 8954 406 329 335 410 1347 4035 157 1321 225 9415 41 8 791 51 115 136 25320 523 783 519 328 4657 424 927 1884

3450 127 422 2713 16 1724 702 24 1878 160 400 8975 367 442 441 499 1538 4719 I 168 1371 286 11725 54 5 969 52 42 145 27860 555 957 682 383 5475 460 1048 2118

3539 232 417 3307 21 1669 709 28 2067 187 512 9903 299 471 439 491 1802 6881 217 1357 280 16153 60 4 986 100 47 150 29221 620 892 759 441 5516 587 1037 2406

3921 497 587 3024 15 1635 684 48 2053 196 500 9656 278 537 561 406 1592 7032 222 1363 272 15213 88 5 905 113 17 150 31027 I 594 960 753 424 5559 555 915 2541

3130 423 561 1920 27 1795 750 27 2008 194 610 6659 235 514 556 350 1645 7153 230 1218 334 9729 60 5 968 122 7 130 26362 596 966 589 411 5738 501 816 2111

3559 714 460 2400 7 1820 730 51 1747 172 500 7700 233 442 571 373 1554 7367 263 1246 284 12814 60 4 982 145 6 100 26707 780 941 543 387 5872 519 759 1887

4689 936 450 3350 … 1670 750 80 1734 200 500 14200 260 350 550 300 1493 7417 235 1455 290 20100 53 3 960 180 13 110 29983 1807 900 663 340 5850 380 800 1670

134100

118800

127300

122300

125000

3761 957 16870 12380 12080 1064 7042 494 5508 3890 44417 4212 20730 692

3513 964 17320 370 11921 1130 1088 539 4871 3210 47797 3429 22160 506

3465 987 16420 560 13119 1215 6660 560 5428 3841 50280 3093 21220 474

3710 867 15850 550 14825 1232 10248 452 5299 3245 42395 3146 19670 856

3616 968 14790 510 16884 1424 11260 470 5545 3213 42614 3047 19700 934 I

145600

169700

177700

140100

179500

262600

4112 1229 16800 496 19046 1769 13785 816 6068 3651 50040 3563 22300 1945

4700 1387 19400 731 20610 1816 14889 1020 7346 4447 60729 3999 26000 2675

4384 1250 18381 4600 22503 1836 14224 643 7630 5570 60732 3916 29500 2504

3270 1061 13118 6950 22993 1802 9554 662 5508 5030 38822 2890 26900 1496

4088 997 19726 12000 25794 1832 12218 677 7231 7214 50761 3464 31030 2440

5710 954 30017 19300 31338 1897 19544 714 11328 9378 84060 4250 39900 4200

Table A5 (continued)

World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1990-00 (Million dollars)

Asia a Afghanistan Australia Bangladesh Bhutan Brunei Darussalam Cambodia China Fiji Hong Kong, China domestic exports re-exports India Indonesia Japan Kiribati Korea, Rep. of Lao People's Dem. Rep. Macau, China Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Nepal New Caledonia New Zealand Pakistan Papua New Guinea Philippines Samoa Singapore domestic exports re-exports Solomon Islands Sri Lanka Taipei, Chinese Thailand Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu Viet Nam Memorandum items World excl. EU intra-exports Western Europe excl. EU intra-exports

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

792400

884700

980200

1062900

1226500

1444600

1462400

1540100

1445500

1544100

1828000

235 39752 1671 75 2213 86 62091 615 82390 29002 53388 17975 25675 287581 3 65016 78 1694 29416 52 660 325 210 449 9488 5589 1144 8068 9 52752 34848 17904 70 1983 67142 23070 11 0 19 2404

188 41854 1689 72 2675 213 71910 462 98659 29738 68921 17664 29142 314786 3 71870 96 1660 34349 54 348 419 264 444 9589 6528 1338 8767 6 59025 38485 20540 83 2039 76115 28428 13 0 18 2087

145 42824 2098 71 2401 265 84940 407 119587 30251 89336 19563 33966 339885 5 76632 132 1755 40713 40 388 537 374 409 9824 7317 1810 9752 6 63484 40762 22722 102 2455 81395 32472 12 0 24 2580

140 42723 2278 69 2167 265 91744 405 135385 28831 106554 21553 36823 362244 3 82236 240 1768 47122 35 380 583 390 356 10537 6688 2491 11089 6 74012 46732 27280 129 2859 84678 36775 16 0 23 2970

155 47538 2661 66 2234 240 121006 550 151465 28736 122729 25022 40054 397005 5 96013 300 1843 58844 45 356 798 363 355 12185 7535 2640 13304 4 96826 58333 38493 142 3207 92876 45261 14 0 25 4054

155 53111 3407 82 2389 374 148780 623 173871 29946 143925 30630 45417 443116 7 125058 311 2025 73914 49 473 851 344 515 13645 8176 2644 17501 9 118268 69557 48711 168 3797 111563 56439 14 0 28 5449

155 60300 3539 99 2474 378 151048 750 180916 27431 153485 33105 49814 410901 5 129715 322 2100 78327 59 424 746 384 492 14452 9536 2513 20408 10 125014 73466 51548 162 4095 115730 55720 9 0 30 7255

150 62910 4017 118 2467 411 182877 620 188195 27306 160889 35008 53443 420957 6 136164 359 2282 78740 73 452 866 402 527 14221 8758 2163 24882 15 124986 72402 52584 175 4632 121081 57388 10 0 35 9185

140 55893 5057 107 2058 392 183589 510 174863 24587 150276 33437 48847 387927 7 132313 370 2134 73305 74 345 1065 474 398 12070 8514 1775 29414 15 109895 63381 46514 126 4809 110518 54456 8 0 34 9361

120 56080 5175 132 2650 550 195150 650 174403 22381 152022 36316 48665 419367 6 143686 311 2181 84455 64 336 1125 602 395 12455 8491 1877 36576 20 114689 68691 45998 146 4584 121496 58440 12 ... 26 11523

… 63869 6500 … 3500 700 249297 570 202440 23675 178765 42295 62124 479249 … 172268 320 2529 98237 76 355 1391 804 635 13267 9173 1980 39783 14 137875 78852 59101 103 5134 148320 69057 … ... 25 14450

2462000

2521000

2715000

2833000

3202000

3784000 I

4025000

4240000

4066000

4267000

4972000

657460

630920

674460

677060

765940

920190

972280

984715

982805

974775

1048965

a Includes significant re-exports. b Beginning with 1998, figures refer to South Africa only and no longer to the South African Customs Union. Note: Breaks in the continuity of the value series for particular countries and regional groupings are indicated by an ’I’.

Appendix tables

They result from (i) changes in political boundaries; (ii) inclusion of the Baltic States and the CIS mutual trade beginning with 1996; and (iii) changes in the methods of collecting and reporting merchandise trade statistics. Details are in the Technical Notes. It should be noted that the World and Asia totals contain a significant element of double counting due to the use of the general system of recording merchandise trade statistics which includes re-exports. Recent figures for a number of countries and territories have been estimated by the Secretariat.

173

Table A6

World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1990-00 (Million dollars) 1990

1991

3542000

3626000

North America

641360

Canada United States

World a

Latin America Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Netherlands Antilles Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia St. Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay Venezuela

Appendix tables

Western Europe

174

Austria Belgium Belgium-Luxembourg Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Iceland Ireland Italy Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Norway Portugal

1992

1993

1994

3880000 I

3859000

4369000

634145

684280

743415

123244 516987

124782 508363

129262 553923

130300

147900

255 4076 1738 700 211 687 22524 7678 5590 1990 4600 118 3006 1861 1263 105 1649 311 332 935 1859 43548 2146 638 1539 1352 3470 110 271 136 472 1262 1343 7335

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

5218000 I

5525000

5720000

5667000

5899000

6669000

845305

940325

998290

1100950

1151510

1280825

1503590

139035 603438

155072 689215

168426 770852

175158 822025

200873 899020

206066 944353

220183 1059435

244786 1257636

176900 I

193600

225800

254400

278600

330000

346400

335500

388300

287 8275 1806 694 256 970 22950 8094 4906 1877 2600 110 3054 2397 1406 121 1851 307 400 955 1491 52315 2173 751 1695 1460 4195 110 295 139 509 1667 1637 11147

320 14872 2100 521 274 1090 23068 10129 6516 2440 I 1500 111 3859 2500 1855 107 2531 442 278 1037 1668 65050 1869 855 2024 1422 4861 95 313 132 542 1436 2045 14065

279 16784 2870 574 280 1206 27740 11125 9831 3515 1500 94 4654 2561 2145 144 2599 484 355 1130 2097 68439 1807 744 2188 1689 4859 118 300 134 525 1463 2325 12510

335 21527 2080 615 259 1209 35997 11824 11882 3789 2055 96 4903 3622 2547 119 2781 506 251 1056 2224 83075 1758 874 2404 2370 6690 128 303 130 423 1134 2786 9187

343 20122 1550 771 257 1424 53783 15914 13853 4036 2825 117 5170 4152 3329 124 3292 527 653 1642 2818 75858 1841 961 2510 3144 9224 133 307 135 585 1724 2867 12649

362 23762 2960 833 255 1635 56947 17827 13683 4300 3205 129 5727 3934 3223 152 3146 597 665 1839 2965 93674 2519 1141 2779 3204 9472 149 304 131 501 2204 3323 9880

370 30450 2000 996 286 1851 65007 19662 15378 4924 3987 124 6609 4954 3739 173 3851 630 648 2149 3132 114846 2083 1532 3002 3403 10264 150 332 188 658 3059 3727 14606

385 31404 2100 1010 325 1983 60618 18779 14635 6230 4181 136 7597 5576 3962 200 4651 600 797 2500 3035 130948 2062 1492 3074 2897 9867 150 335 193 552 3012 3811 15817

414 25508 1800 1108 366 1755 51675 15137 10659 6320 4301 141 8041 3017 4084 210 4382 550 1025 2728 2899 148648 2580 1862 3516 1906 8075 135 360 201 486 2744 3357 14063

355 25149 1730 1156 450 1760 58532 18070 11539 6372 4900 147 9800 3465 4888 230 4770 660 1036 2885 3216 182635 2880 1792 3379 2193 8797 160 370 163 550 3250 3466 16085

1700335

1711215

1789965 I

1607990

1807100

2209240

2280070

2277710

2406635

2438610

2566885

49146 119702 33333 27001 234436 355686 19777 1680 20669 181968 1964 126098 27231 25263

50815 120182 34190 21809 231784 389908 21580 1760 20771 182679 2130 125873 25572 26113

54112 125047 360 4500 35714 21208 239638 408619 23220 1684 22477 188451 2331 134650 25905 29581

48578 111065 365 4666 31270 18032 203272 342559 22035 1349 21837 148053 2174 124718 23956 24147

55069 128198 894 5229 36390 23090 230019 381539 21492 1472 25887 168930 2447 140901 27307 26990

68028 166798 2610 8384 46086 32338 290975 470656 30267 2489 44539 218168 2668 187128 37478 38394

69679 164965 2660 7799 44693 31675 293577 474509 26570 2503 47288 220844 10814 2846 190658 34172 40011

68627 172967 2810 7911 44322 33903 305423 502827 26336 2575 50870 236461 10237 3417 197982 34408 38240

I

I I I I I I

I I

1995

66263 156676 1082 7510 45564 29440 276295 I 463485 25927 1756 33058 206062 2890 177582 32968 32359

67327 161304 1882 7788 44984 30695 282367 458807 28419 2031 35885 208235 2801 182907 35615 35185

64752 155845 I 2333 9104 44446 31012 271446 445284 26971 1992 39237 209962 2552 177806 35708 35022

Table A6 (continued)

World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1990-00

1990

1991

Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland TFYR Macedonia Turkey United Kingdom Yugoslavia Yugoslavia, former

87715 54264 69681 22302 222977 18871

93306 49990 66485 21047 209947 14738

European Union (15) extra-imports

1558035 576510

1578945 589445

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

6142 99758 I 50017 65723 1206 22872 221551 I 4634 -

6529 79609 42681 60828 1199 29174 206380 550 -

7304 92182 51725 67997 1484 23270 227229 750 -

9492 114832 64556 80152 1719 35709 265210 900 -

9423 121865 66910 79264 1627 43627 287246 4102 -

9357 122710 65633 75960 1779 48559 308328 4799 -

10110 132789 68592 80094 1915 45921 315200 4820 -

9952 144952 68624 79857 1796 40692 320306 3296 -

10107 153516 72788 83584 2085 53499 336979 3698 -

1654045 I 606470

1476750 560080

1668475 623675

2034515 735495

2091310 765385

2084870 783745

2209455 824725

2252275 853185

2362030 965670

113720

97505 I

99980 I

109570

121245 I

155575 I

230155 I

246740 I

243515 I

213050

241550

380 5100 12460 10340 11570 7600 66270 -

410 3790 10680 11370 18390 5795 47070 -

230 ... ... ... 4220 12880 I ... ... 11080 ... ... ... ... ... 18540 6260 33100 I 6670 ... ... ... ...

520 ... ... ... 4900 14615 ... ... 12530 ... ... ... ... ... 20180 6525 32865 6325 ... ... ... ...

680 190 285 945 4585 17425 1255 70 14555 1355 105 750 I 1065 I 180 22680 7110 36300 6610 295 760 2740 I 1190

800 340 I 430 I 1700 I 5660 25265 1970 I 230 I 15465 I 1115 I 160 I 1110 I 2000 I 260 I 29050 10280 43055 I 8770 320 I 610 I 5250 I 1600 I

940 855 1210 6940 5075 27715 3235 685 18145 4240 840 2320 4560 1070 37135 11435 68830 11125 I 670 1315 17605 4210

640 890 1360 8690 4930 27165 4440 940 21235 4300 710 2720 5645 1170 42310 I 11280 73615 11670 750 1230 17130 3920

830 900 1650 8550 4960 28790 I 4785 I 885 25705 4350 840 3190 5795 1025 47055 11840 59800 13075 710 980 14675 3125

1020 800 1360 6665 5470 28075 3440 600 28010 3685 600 2945 4835 570 45910 10395 40800 11265 665 1255 11845 2840

1080 885 1390 8485 6440 32180 4255 725 32080 5050 555 3190 5455 775 48940 13055 45500 12670 675 1400 13955 2810

Central and Eastern Europe

47450

50435 I

59880 I

65595

73645

95290 I

111570

119230 I

132255 I

130145

146445

Africa

94900

93800

99000

97300

104400

125300 I

125100

131800 I

132000

128400

137000

9780 1578 265 1946 536 231 1400 136 154 285 52 621 887 2097 215

7770 1347 241 1947 533 248 1173 147 92 249 58 594 710 2103 214

8550 1988 578 1861 466 221 1163 180 145 243 76 687 419 2317 219

8785 1463 571 1771 509 204 1102 154 125 200 59 581 372 2014 230

9370 1633 431 1640 349 224 1083 209 139 177 53 631 381 1917 243

9403 2120 674 2387 783 158 1495 240 140 356 54 680 322 2991 275

9162 3170 664 2198 696 118 1318 280 130 316 55 821 370 3252 270

9152 3400 602 2240 545 148 1360 320 110 290 … 890 320 3084 …

Albania Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Bulgaria Czech and Slovak Fed. Rep., former c Czech Rep. b Estonia Georgia Hungary Kazakhstan Kyrgyz Rep. Latvia Lithuania Moldova, Rep. of Poland Romania Russian Fed. Slovak Rep. b Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine USSR, former b Uzbekistan

Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Congo Congo, Dem. Rep. of Côte d'Ivoire Djibouti

10250 1700 746 1911 455 234 1199 252 175 365 63 670 397 2945 275

8840 2053 654 1723 647 127 1227 234 141 332 64 1400 424 2902 308

8691 2332 681 2258 587 121 1359 235 145 334 60 926 318 2781 235

Appendix tables

(Million dollars)

175

Table A6 (continued)

World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1990-00 (Million dollars)

Egypt Equatorial Guinea Ethiopia Ethiopia, former Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa c Sudan Swaziland Tanzania, United Rep. of Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Middle East

Appendix tables

Bahrain Cyprus Iran, Islamic Rep. of Iraq Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Syrian Arab Republic United Arab Emirates Yemen

176

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

9216 … 1081 918 199 1205 723 68 2125 672 220 5336 571 581 619 388 1618 6800 878 1163 388 5627 288 27 1219 186 149 95 18399 618 663 1027 581 5542 213 1220 1847

7862 … 472 834 222 1055 735 67 1797 813 259 5361 450 703 671 425 1576 6873 899 1149 355 9031 306 31 1173 172 163 55 18834 890 718 1533 443 5189 196 790 2055

8245 … 839 700 234 2169 740 84 1713 977 314 4530 448 718 608 407 1630 7348 855 1283 479 8119 288 31 1034 192 146 65 19761 820 866 1510 394 6431 439 795 2203

8184 … 787 845 243 2575 730 62 1711 912 323 5080 468 546 634 445 1715 6760 955 1188 375 7508 332 30 1087 238 147 263 20017 944 873 1497 179 6214 535 809 1819

10219 … 1033 756 212 2108 706 164 2091 845 280 5548 441 497 589 362 1930 7188 1019 1196 328 6512 236 39 1022 206 150 269 23387 1227 927 1504 222 6580 875 594 2241

11760 … 1145 882 182 1906 750 133 2991 986 350 5392 543 475 792 494 1976 8563 I 718 1468 373 9332 236 31 1412 232 133 193 30555 1218 1104 1675 594 7902 1056 700 2660

13038 … 1401 969 258 2108 859 87 2949 999 405 5873 507 624 843 463 2289 9704 759 1580 448 7996 258 35 1436 274 211 170 30126 1547 1174 1388 664 7700 1191 835 2803

13211 … 1320 1104 278 2326 988 89 3279 1025 400 6123 470 781 739 438 2189 9525 739 1642 391 10330 297 16 1447 340 93 180 32998 I 1580 1192 1337 645 7914 1316 819 3092

16166 … 1500 1255 245 2563 1090 68 3197 863 270 5466 514 579 761 359 2073 10290 790 1507 377 10002 285 16 1407 384 95 180 29242 1915 1185 1453 588 8350 1414 750 2701

16022 … 1317 960 192 3505 1100 69 2832 781 280 4300 505 698 753 305 2247 9925 1139 1425 389 10370 253 14 1471 434 81 220 26696 1390 1150 1556 597 8474 1342 670 2126

14010 … 1560 1030 … 3075 1130 90 3105 700 290 7740 700 590 690 340 2081 11484 1100 1510 445 12910 213 26 1525 340 149 … 29695 1500 1040 1524 550 8560 1650 780 1650

99200

111400

129600

121400

117300

130700

141400

149800

148800

150800

171200

3712 2568 15716 7660 16793 2600 3972 2529 2681 1695 24069 2400 11199 1571

4115 2620 21688 540 18848 2508 4761 3747 3194 1720 29079 2767 13746 2025

4263 3313 23200 870 20261 3255 7261 4202 3769 2015 33698 3490 17410 2587

3858 2590 15540 700 22623 3539 7036 4821 4114 1891 28198 4139 19520 2821

3747 3017 10900 620 25237 3381 6697 5933 3914 1927 23338 5467 21024 2087

3716 3690 11230 720 29578 3697 7790 7278 4247 3398 28091 4709 20984 1580

4273 3979 15117 950 31620 4293 8373 7575 4578 2868 27765 5380 22638 2038

4026 3655 14196 4260 30781 4102 8246 7464 5026 3322 28742 4028 29951 2014

3566 3685 14323 4400 29342 3828 8619 7070 5682 3409 30013 3895 28847 2167

3588 3618 12683 8524 33160 3717 7617 6207 4674 2500 28011 3832 30674 2008

4612 3847 15220 13700 38130 4539 7622 6228 5040 3340 30300 3860 31930 2880

Table A6 (continued)

World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1990-00 (Million dollars)

Asia a Afghanistan Australia Bangladesh Bhutan Brunei Darussalam Cambodia China Fiji Hong Kong, China a retained imports India Indonesia Japan Kiribati Korea, Rep. of Lao People's Dem. Rep. Macau, China Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Nepal New Caledonia New Zealand Pakistan Papua New Guinea Philippines Samoa Singapore a retained imports Solomon Islands Sri Lanka Taipei, Chinese Thailand Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu Viet Nam

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

762300

830300

900100

985700

1147500

1402300

1471200

1483400

1237700

1351600

1660100

936 42032 3618 78 1001 164 53345 753 84725 31337 23642 21837 235368 27 69844 201 1532 29258 138 924 270 686 883 9501 7546 1193 13041 80 60899 42995 94 2685 54831 33379 62 5 96 2752

616 41697 3412 97 1208 245 63791 652 103883 34962 20418 25869 236999 26 81525 215 1842 36648 161 360 646 758 863 8381 8633 1614 12786 94 66293 45753 110 3054 63078 37591 59 5 83 2338

411 43807 3732 128 1482 351 80585 630 127340 38004 23580 27280 233246 37 81775 253 1949 39926 189 418 651 792 917 9202 9595 1485 15449 110 72179 49457 98 3445 72181 40686 63 5 82 2540

380 45577 3994 90 1822 404 103959 720 141308 34754 22761 28327 241624 28 83800 432 1992 45657 185 361 814 880 849 9636 9719 1299 18754 105 85234 57954 137 3991 77099 46208 61 7 78 3924

370 53425 4602 92 1874 500 115615 829 165894 43165 26846 31985 275235 26 102348 564 2098 59600 221 258 885 1155 876 11913 9094 1522 22641 81 102670 64177 142 4767 85507 54459 69 8 89 5826

450 61282 6502 112 2078 631 132084 867 196072 52147 34707 40630 335882 35 135119 588 2025 77691 267 415 1334 1333 912 13958 11725 1451 28341 95 124507 75796 166 5306 103698 70786 77 9 95 7500

450 65427 6621 128 2487 467 138833 984 201284 47799 37942 42929 349152 33 150339 689 1992 78418 301 451 1358 1398 1005 14724 12411 1740 34126 100 131338 79790 170 5442 101287 72331 75 8 98 11144

450 65892 6898 137 2203 465 142189 965 213297 52408 41432 41694 338754 35 144616 706 2077 79030 348 468 2037 1693 937 14518 11650 1697 38622 97 132437 79853 180 5851 113924 62853 73 10 94 11592

380 64630 6974 157 1552 480 140305 721 186759 36483 42980 27337 280484 36 93282 553 1948 58319 354 503 2666 1246 963 12495 9330 1232 31496 97 101496 54982 155 5905 104946 42971 69 10 88 11494

380 69158 7694 200 1500 530 165788 765 180711 28689 44889 24004 311262 40 119752 525 2036 64966 402 426 2300 1422 1008 14299 10297 1188 32568 115 111060 65062 110 5876 110957 50342 73 9 96 11600

… 71531 8360 … 1600 580 225097 610 214200 35435 50455 33515 379511 … 160481 580 2261 82210 389 550 2369 1573 1017 13906 11048 1120 33808 106 134545 75574 … 6823 140010 61924 70 … … 15635

2560000

2637000

2832000

2942000

3324000

3919000

4199000

4419000

4282000

4500000

5273000

718810

721715

742390

691320

762300

910220

954145

976585

1021905

1039520

1170525

Memorandum items World excl. EU intra-imports Western Europe excl. EU intra-imports

Appendix tables

a Includes significant imports for re-export. b Imports are valued f.o.b. c Beginning with 1998, figures refer to South Africa only and no longer to the South African Customs Union. Note: Breaks in the continuity of the value series for particular countries and regional groupings are indicated by an ’I’. They result from (ii) changes in political boundaries; (ii) inclusion of the Baltic States and the CIS mutual trade beginning with 1996; and (iii) changes in the methods of collecting and reporting merchandise trade statistics. Details are in the Technical Notes. It should be noted that the World and Asia totals contain a significant element of double counting due to the use of the general system of recording merchandise trade statistics which includes imports for re-exports. Recent figures for a number of countries and territories have been estimated by the Secretariat.

177

Table A7

World exports of commercial services by selected region and economy, 1990-00 (Million dollars) 1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

World

782700

825100

923100

940400

1036700

1189100

1271300

1321400

1333600

1357300

1435400

North America

151200

167300

178800

187600

205100

224000

245800

264600

270500

282800

311800

Canada United States

18350 132854

19550 147742

20030 158816

21211 166390

23210 181907

25425 198536

28601 217149

30735 233860

32272 238185

34161 248622

37189 274566

29700

30900

34600

36600

41300

44400

46700

50300

54200

54100

60700

308 2264 398 1465 627 83 133 3706 1786 1548 583 ... 33 1086 508 301 63 313 ... 43 121 976 7222 1130 34 907 404 714 54 149 41 31 322 460 1121

317 2174 464 1313 594 89 143 3268 2060 1540 662 ... 37 1187 524 284 71 422 ... 48 159 950 7876 1191 50 1019 419 742 68 171 43 33 397 590 1148

339 2883 559 1361 591 108 150 4002 2283 1932 808 744 44 1337 584 338 75 580 102 33 186 1060 8150 1302 51 1029 350 751 79 191 56 36 444 822 1206

374 2969 588 1434 663 116 165 3911 2441 2457 1005 832 47 1491 619 291 87 625 112 26 191 1211 8296 1323 72 1071 424 742 83 205 61 45 343 1020 1230

396 3219 605 1490 785 109 177 4817 2764 1521 1163 1160 53 1737 706 338 100 659 117 7 207 1452 10075 1382 92 1172 411 949 91 237 61 70 317 1324 1454

348 3604 626 1523 844 117 174 6005 3249 1641 957 1419 54 1894 809 342 98 628 130 98 221 1568 9585 1656 120 1298 566 1042 ... 265 72 101 331 1309 1529

367 4158 751 1558 901 125 167 4453 3575 2133 1042 1841 59 2078 811 318 105 533 ... 104 277 1574 10693 1574 146 1356 581 1322 ... 269 92 96 447 1388 1448

... 4274 799 1573 933 124 232 5488 4017 2092 1116 2059 71 2373 779 460 ... 542 ... 172 328 1672 11214 1604 186 1442 634 1458 ... ... ... 85 535 1413 1364

... 4554 877 1517 995 122 235 7083 4030 1880 1329 2642 72 2421 761 576 ... 581 ... 178 361 1743 11938 1637 220 1594 606 1672 ... ... ... 67 574 1309 1301

... 4369 972 1789 993 133 243 6873 3701 1801 1503 ... ... 2767 763 614 ... 653 ... ... 432 1820 11605 ... 255 1614 539 1468 ... ... ... 73 ... 1235 1118

... 4441 1015 1995 ... ... ... 8846 3843 1954 ... ... ... 3143 910 654 ... ... ... ... ... 1975 13563 ... ... 1742 ... 1463 ... ... ... 85 ... 1326 1002

414900

427000

477500

458700

492100

564600

588600

600800

641700

643700

646400

22755 24690 12731 4562 66274 51605 6514 440 3286 48579 721 28478 12452 5054 27649 13453 18233 7882 53172 6374

25096 26665 14236 4021 70080 53449 7142 451 3492 45916 781 32042 12982 5170 28810 14382 19080 8163 52557 2465

26914 29233 ... ... 14034 4560 74536 58758 8641 455 3850 57662 862 37436 12450 5433 1219 33535 15877 20327 116 9262 60043 -

26326 28911 ... 2286 12479 4331 73796 56574 8153 502 3574 51745 892 37054 11900 6795 1391 30085 12298 20755 117 10518 57761 -

27494 35392 ... 2857 13578 5415 74688 59011 9142 527 4145 53170 975 40486 11915 6701 1807 33465 13383 21898 128 10723 64702 -

31692 33619 ... 2455 15171 7334 83108 75182 9528 586 4799 61173 1027 45648 13133 8161 2016 39760 15336 25041 147 14475 74572 -

33425 33064 ... 3296 16341 7060 82585 79346 9262 653 5562 64913 1052 47477 13951 7964 2129 43985 16669 25339 151 12895 80813 -

29225 36688 663 3964 15212 6632 84164 79281 10068 840 16504 66621 1157 50461 13639 8970 2025 48977 17675 25792 130 23161 99858 -

30865 40449 697 3723 16824 6448 81292 79343 ... 846 15360 60618 1199 52976 13798 8557 1896 53069 19691 26320 227 16188 103152 -

30043 41976 ... 4084 20582 5973 81153 80002 ... 949 16638 56703 1086 52323 14969 8315 1883 53041 20014 26416 ... 19232 99875 -

368800

383100

430500

409900

440800

505100

528500

570300

578800

576800

Latin America Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Aruba Bahamas Barbados Belize Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Netherlands Antilles Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia St. Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay Venezuela

Appendix tables

Western Europe Austria Belgium-Luxembourg Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Iceland Ireland Italy Malta Netherlands Norway Portugal Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland TFYR Macedonia Turkey United Kingdom Yugoslavia, former European Union (15)

178

29214 34097 ... 4004 14044 6569 79914 78023 9224 724 6046 I 66409 1089 48907 14427 7922 2042 43828 17505 24481 127 19193 92332 534000

Table A7 (continued)

World exports of commercial services by selected region and economy, 1990-00 (Million dollars) 1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

32 837 2563 2677 3200 610 -

9 400 2806 2354 3687 680 -

19 ... ... ... 1070 3952 200 ... 3213 ... ... 290 ... ... 4773 659 ... ...

73 ... ... 185 1171 4679 326 ... 2768 ... 9 529 198 ... 4201 799 ... 1939 ...

79 12 ... 251 1257 5120 508 ... 3046 ... 33 651 322 33 6655 1023 8425 2221 2747

94 27 166 466 1431 6638 868 ... 5122 535 39 718 482 143 10637 1476 10568 2378 2846

123 75 139 907 1366 8071 1100 ... 5920 674 31 1121 786 103 9786 1552 13283 2060 4799

52 97 332 919 1307 7033 1314 188 5684 842 40 1027 1020 163 8969 1500 14079 2151 4937

83 118 320 919 1766 7366 1476 354 5881 904 58 1103 1096 144 10890 1192 12375 2275 3922

253 129 236 745 1758 6808 1486 217 5607 933 60 1020 1083 130 8430 1340 9072 1886 3869

... ... 234 982 2128 7119 1495 ... 6204 988 ... 1193 1052 ... 9496 ... 9634 2218 3800

18800

18900

21800

21700

22300

25500

27800

27900

27600

30300

30500

703 95 125 168 7 386 30 16 54 479 34 7054 224 312 67 109 84 748 33 67 143 29 63 10 573 1968 165 150 1053 20 336 182 36 3211 135 94 ... 93 1887 35 ... 277

554 89 116 174 7 363 34 17 40 483 38 7076 250 286 65 133 46 761 29 31 153 30 62 15 561 1857 180 212 1163 21 268 201 45 3120 39 87 311 55 1953 94 ... 345

536 150 114 175 6 309 39 ... 49 419 33 7693 266 200 76 136 14 815 30 25 183 22 51 17 629 1877 191 245 371 ... 309 186 86 3556 44 110 411 52 2174 64 ... 353

761 113 159 236 4 242 57 ... 55 426 28 8262 310 191 38 139 17 851 30 24 219 ... 68 19 773 2020 242 301 608 11 364 200 71 4414 82 150 566 64 2401 104 ... 469

718 226 123 145 4 ... 65 ... 68 473 ... 9079 321 205 88 144 63 789 34 20 253 ... 66 23 955 2433 253 325 733 13 315 222 ... 4808 37 98 602 102 2527 145 ... 601

753 182 102 187 3 ... 79 ... 45 443 ... 9096 318 205 97 152 70 716 79 20 243 ... 62 25 889 2203 279 367 786 34 329 231 ... 5150 30 122 470 78 2518 165 ... 663

973 114 127 241 3 ... 74 ... ... 461 ... 7832 345 194 ... 427 66 638 46 37 264 ... ... 24 911 2557 286 315 884 ... ... 266 ... 5098 14 102 534 65 2607 176 ... 646

1073 130 ... 346 2 ... ... ... ... 441 ... 9276 392 249 ... 454 36 710 37 50 ... ... ... ... 1065 2803 ... ... 980 ... ... 298 ... 4905 82 70 624 54 2763 182 ... ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 313 ... 9687 387 ... ... 490 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2860 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 4930 ... ... 611 ... 2587 ... ... ...

Albania Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Bulgaria Czech Rep. Czech and Slovak Fed. Rep., former Estonia Georgia Hungary Kazakhstan Kyrgyz Rep. Latvia Lithuania Moldova, Rep. of Poland Romania Russian Fed. Slovak Rep. Ukraine Africa Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Congo Côte d'Ivoire Djibouti Egypt Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania, United Rep. of Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe

479 65 109 183 7 369 30 17 65 425 ... 4813 261 214 53 79 91 774 34 83 129 37 71 14 478 1871 103 106 965 31 356 162 45 3442 134 102 131 114 1575 ... 94 253

375 117 123 186 8 397 29 16 65 420 ... 6140 234 I 291 66 95 87 739 34 73 125 39 57 19 522 1492 147 123 886 28 296 156 51 3051 37 85 142 87 1308 21 69 259

Appendix tables

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

179

Table A7 (continued)

World exports of commercial services by selected region and economy, 1990-00 (Million dollars) 1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

359 1760 343 4546 1430 1054 ... 3031 740 82

411 1568 484 4647 1333 756 ... 2908 866 89

543 2217 457 5780 1435 1269 13 3466 1085 120

652 2045 1048 5940 1560 1027 13 3283 1383 135

819 2398 410 6549 1543 1189 13 3347 1616 104

683 2715 533 7713 1689 1143 13 3480 1632 141

666 2609 743 7909 1830 1262 18 2772 1540 147

637 2544 1018 8275 1717 1507 18 4257 1344 168

725 2657 902 9096 1810 1496 18 4730 1422 133

749 2898 ... 10805 1689 1298 18 5380 1415 141

830 2930 ... 14260 1623 1793 ... 4798 ... ...

131500

144300

165200

187400

221100

262200

286500

300000

260000

271500

302800

9833 296 ... 5748 377 18128 4609 2488 41384 9155 11 1473 3769 101 48 93 166 2415 1218 198 2897 34 12719 19 425 6937 6292 11 56 182

10644 344 ... 6864 382 20574 4905 2822 43465 9690 19 1769 4285 107 ... 56 201 2509 1266 267 3313 27 13730 24 524 8389 7132 13 60 449

10854 393 50 9108 413 24290 4893 3391 47621 10479 36 2245 4880 153 29 102 210 2580 1294 329 4565 33 16102 29 602 10140 9162 13 65 724

11611 435 59 10992 438 27690 5034 3878 51611 12479 55 2479 6294 158 25 232 284 2804 1330 307 4617 33 18497 36 619 13229 10877 12 64 772

13767 419 45 16354 489 31142 6031 4680 56776 16233 56 2723 9200 195 35 256 527 3599 1444 235 6749 40 22939 42 729 13115 11425 ... 70 1283

15741 469 103 18430 524 34338 6763 5342 63966 22133 68 3154 11438 230 47 350 592 4400 1432 321 9323 53 29724 35 800 14927 14652 ... 75 2147

18106 223 152 20567 566 38295 7179 6462 66382 22648 79 3252 14966 286 43 417 679 4560 1546 432 12929 62 29572 47 741 16154 16704 ... 85 2711

16943 266 118 26165 505 37110 13940 4433 60313 25766 101 2688 11800 351 73 433 298 4252 1428 248 4778 47 23612 51 937 17135 14542 ... 106 2709

17764 ... ... 30146 ... 42067 17569 ... 68303 29184 ... 2589 13579 ... ... 407 ... 4239 ... ... 4133 ... 26634 ... ... 20220 12839 ... ... ...

Middle East Bahrain Cyprus Iran, Islamic Rep. of Israel Jordan Kuwait Oman Saudi Arabia Syrian Arab Republic Yemen Asia Australia Bangladesh Cambodia China Fiji Hong Kong, China India Indonesia Japan Korea, Rep. of Lao People’s Dem. Rep. Macau, China Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Nepal New Zealand Pakistan Papua New Guinea Philippines Samoa Singapore Solomon Islands Sri Lanka Taipei, Chinese Thailand Tonga Vanuatu Viet Nam

18057 266 150 24504 616 38514 8926 6792 68136 25439 78 3163 15569 309 50 508 795 4238 1446 397 15130 I 59 30121 64 850 17021 15619 ... 80 2536

15804 252 99 23879 472 36249 11067 4340 61795 24828 116 2845 11400 329 75 611 433 3684 1299 318 7465 I 58 18829 52 892 16660 13074 ... 108 2609

Appendix tables

Note : Due to frequent revisions to the services data, there are numerous breaks in the continuity of the data series at the country and regional levels. See the Technical Notes.

180

Table A8

World imports of commercial services by selected region and economy, 1990-00

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

World

818300

847900

939900

956100

1040300

1197900

1265000

1306000

1328700

1355200

1436900

North America

125400

129300

130800

140200

151700

162200

173000

190300

205300

213800

240800

Canada United States

27479 97945

29434 99913

30080 100769

31873 108300

32088 119584

32985 129262

35422 137606

37710 152552

37201 168106

38469 175284

41876 198905

34700

37300

42500

48000

52000

54300

56400

64200

67100

63400

71600

103 2876 111 520 237 54 291 6733 1983 1683 540 ... 30 435 755 296 30 363 ... 71 213 667 10063 510 73 666 361 1070 34 78 30 150 460 363 2390

109 3769 123 501 209 59 291 6381 1991 1750 523 ... 28 474 867 308 33 328 ... 73 220 639 10676 535 77 820 385 1156 34 76 31 147 512 388 3272

119 5254 129 475 194 71 290 6609 2419 1959 700 375 30 546 888 349 33 500 131 35 236 674 11642 603 116 886 391 1330 38 82 39 154 545 516 4106

127 6148 137 531 249 82 299 9156 2625 2246 801 355 28 815 1097 370 36 548 141 30 288 785 11771 588 106 942 510 1328 45 84 42 92 455 711 4361

128 6860 198 593 299 86 314 9836 2868 2580 846 497 35 911 1091 409 39 602 157 64 304 923 12391 665 160 1030 569 1484 43 99 50 99 424 821 4525

136 6908 207 605 347 88 321 13161 3524 2820 895 574 37 957 1202 488 37 672 168 236 326 1073 9021 719 207 1049 676 1795 ... 119 53 146 223 814 4654

150 7537 483 669 365 88 337 12200 3786 3323 1019 469 40 1100 1170 481 44 638 ... 241 326 1118 9968 794 239 1001 624 1990 ... 135 53 144 199 795 4625

... 8564 557 790 389 87 401 14447 3917 3595 975 540 46 1160 1427 615 ... 627 ... 321 359 1196 11812 730 229 1244 630 2235 ... ... ... 174 232 840 5353

... 8915 528 939 409 94 423 15743 4077 3352 1099 570 45 1300 1498 723 ... 759 ... 370 395 1258 12621 842 264 1103 549 2301 ... ... ... 174 235 831 4916

... 8358 685 904 429 97 435 13357 3959 3071 1164 ... ... 1224 1264 769 ... 760 ... ... 498 1271 14054 ... 319 1052 461 2144 ... ... ... 136 ... 760 3563

... 8577 654 918 ... ... ... 15869 4336 3233 ... ... ... 1340 1349 894 ... ... ... ... ... 1317 16789 ... ... 1010 ... 2210 ... ... ... 177 ... 855 4317

391800

397000

447200

424400

457000

529100

550800

554300

603400

609900

614600

14104 24298 10106 7432 50455 79214 2756 547 5145 46602 499 28995 12247 3772 15197 16959 11092 2794 44608 15012

15239 26392 10370 7514 52780 84536 2950 595 5630 44236 503 33201 12528 4158 16385 17239 10986 2931 43288 5586

17844 28368 ... ... 10665 7424 54572 97864 3436 582 7050 57962 564 37799 12103 4486 1034 20249 18976 11806 225 3277 49090 -

19081 27457 ... 1148 10402 6469 55737 95710 3187 588 6724 48730 588 37241 11385 5258 1010 17594 13255 11431 230 3591 47336 -

20594 33550 ... 1224 11997 7094 56177 104091 3420 567 8404 48075 668 40316 11905 5255 1150 17906 14594 12645 251 3418 53441 -

27552 32511 ... 1410 13945 9418 64523 125308 4003 630 11252 54613 733 44616 13036 6339 1434 20970 17112 14899 289 4654 59613 -

29195 31419 ... 1717 14642 8612 65617 128061 3830 728 13416 57030 738 45385 13422 6359 1487 23521 18651 15557 300 6032 64804 -

28431 31437 ... 1980 13727 8039 62597 123777 4196 788 15158 I 58944 692 45497 14655 6292 1404 23903 19427 13979 266 8085 70814 -

27271 34095 278 1889 15779 7643 66432 128819 4976 947 29459 62887 767 48152 14125 6725 1520 27038 21620 14952 297 9440 78322 -

29306 36193 334 2098 15169 7815 62685 132762 ... 1029 26577 57204 806 50261 14595 6673 1519 30101 22511 15735 316 8453 82710 -

29102 38258 ... 1827 18348 8201 61520 132336 ... 1174 28692 55748 847 51116 14466 6412 1446 30818 23367 15506 ... 7602 82103 -

349600

363900

415800

394200

424900

491800

510500

512200

559200

565000

571100

Latin America Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Aruba Bahamas Barbados Belize Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Netherlands Antilles Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia St. Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay Venezuela Western Europe Austria Belgium-Luxembourg Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Iceland Ireland Italy Malta Netherlands Norway Portugal Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland TFYR Macedonia Turkey United Kingdom Yugoslavia, former European Union (15)

Appendix tables

(Million dollars)

181

Table A8 (continued )

World imports of commercial services by selected region and economy, 1990-00 (Million dollars) 1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

29 600 2419 2264 2847 787 -

33 486 1935 1882 2994 819 -

87 ... ... ... 1165 2365 123 ... 2526 ... ... 120 ... ... 4045 946 ... ...

158 40 ... 125 1229 3701 185 ... 2535 ... 51 179 177 ... 3631 914 ... 1666 ...

128 41 ... 197 1246 4685 331 ... 2875 ... 69 211 266 74 3746 1166 15292 1549 1538

98 52 297 276 1278 4860 420 ... 3542 776 193 225 457 193 7008 1801 20178 1800 1334

134 129 433 330 1246 6198 525 ... 3446 928 247 703 639 156 6314 1924 18637 1997 1625

93 157 714 354 1157 5305 649 249 3404 1124 169 637 850 191 5681 1899 19998 2062 2268

119 190 692 438 1398 5665 814 335 4082 1154 177 717 816 183 6559 1838 16429 2272 2545

152 183 476 431 1470 5750 829 224 4186 1104 156 628 747 155 6936 1759 13434 1812 2292

... ... 475 421 1660 5755 859 ... 4409 1836 ... 709 655 ... 7408 ... 17428 1779 2590

27000

28400

29300

30300

30700

34600

35200

36700

36600

35500

38600

1157 1854 157 355 62 885 22 152 734 1349 104 4646 360 867 51 293 199 486 57 836 197 339 392 160 507 1148 246 494 1739 89 403 74 59 4202 197 202 341 181 970 248 ... 622

940 1402 149 322 54 723 25 131 843 1258 106 5164 288 1004 55 332 249 499 49 817 204 260 327 167 503 1049 271 471 2681 97 353 91 61 4529 100 249 603 111 1195 293 ... 517

838 1425 155 317 59 477 30 114 983 899 84 5382 299 809 49 319 233 601 43 705 249 234 296 162 526 1208 323 455 2981 104 333 82 93 4886 199 190 439 109 1198 436 ... 645

1178 1665 235 440 62 485 55 ... 766 1234 77 4511 342 882 47 332 252 733 58 638 277 ... 412 197 630 1350 350 538 4398 58 405 98 79 5754 150 206 729 148 1245 563 ... 704

1024 1738 189 339 29 ... 62 ... 708 1296 ... 4709 331 908 60 364 321 712 55 879 280 ... 360 207 666 1301 319 569 4541 63 385 102 ... 5505 169 233 883 197 1131 675 ... 801

1000 1911 170 435 37 ... 66 ... 553 1235 ... 5813 377 943 60 395 204 705 58 853 289 ... 324 180 656 1267 329 522 4694 99 389 115 ... 5809 168 236 709 168 1066 669 ... 934

1069 1908 191 517 40 ... 85 ... ... 1341 ... 5886 469 980 ... 548 274 603 50 915 326 ... ... 130 706 1482 396 449 4054 ... ... 138 ... 5403 200 185 885 149 1121 728 ... 754

1017 1962 ... 511 24 ... ... ... ... 1298 ... 5959 463 854 ... 576 236 518 47 887 ... ... ... ... 651 1537 ... ... 3311 ... ... 156 ... 5467 270 170 762 130 1106 745 ... ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1090 ... 7161 480 ... ... 527 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1763 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 5449 ... ... 665 ... 1058 ... ... ...

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Albania Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Bulgaria Czech Rep. Czech and Slovak Fed. Rep., former Estonia Georgia Hungary Kazakhstan Kyrgyz Rep. Latvia Lithuania Moldova, Rep. of Poland Romania Russian Fed. Slovak Rep. Ukraine

Appendix tables

Africa

182

Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Congo Côte d'Ivoire Djibouti Egypt Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania, United Rep. of Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe

1155 1288 113 371 59 1018 23 166 748 1518 ... 3327 348 984 35 226 243 598 48 926 172 268 352 126 407 940 206 341 1901 96 368 79 67 4096 202 171 288 217 682 195 370 460

999 1737 169 379 67 1115 17 135 780 1298 ... 2998 272 I 837 55 252 252 542 51 2194 178 356 308 136 436 1014 237 447 2387 77 358 66 63 3659 184 175 300 255 664 242 352 585

Table A8 (continued )

World imports of commercial services by selected region and economy, 1990-00 (Million dollars) 1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

474 663 3703 4825 1118 2805 719 12694 702 639

534 716 5403 5064 963 3075 961 14355 792 691

604 871 5541 5405 1168 3274 932 15177 912 929

582 753 5484 6229 1149 3373 906 13927 1279 1005

622 847 3062 7523 1197 3641 900 8928 1450 664

634 1087 2192 8175 1385 3847 985 8681 1358 604

613 1143 2899 8869 1348 4215 975 12592 1378 517

635 1082 3182 9057 1241 4055 1166 14410 1302 632

652 1111 2392 9383 1588 4243 1316 8659 1299 649

647 1125 ... 10446 1485 3866 1061 9438 1416 672

683 1138 ... 12149 1426 4078 ... 10947 ... ...

178800

190000

215100

233800

270700

328000

352100

358500

319100

338000

365100

13388 554 ... 4113 239 11018 5943 5898 84281 10050 25 238 5394 37 155 72 159 3251 1863 393 1721 21 8575 56 620 13923 6160 20 24 126

13076 555 ... 3937 261 12719 5797 6376 85947 11903 47 275 6455 41 66 54 179 3351 2084 543 1783 31 9053 65 735 16023 7854 20 27 270

13361 644 64 9207 278 14439 6615 7884 92323 13289 69 308 7248 49 62 33 220 3514 2423 686 2305 40 9430 61 800 18589 10254 20 27 412

13031 782 118 11563 296 15594 6356 9595 95488 14725 73 372 9371 56 65 115 246 3455 2377 805 3072 35 11217 79 844 20469 12307 18 30 694

15064 857 132 15781 344 18642 8030 11136 105449 18248 149 392 11918 62 88 118 290 4034 2182 608 4639 28 13800 104 1020 20465 15231 ... 33 1264

16691 1192 181 24635 371 20796 10062 13230 121548 25394 119 418 14821 75 87 230 305 4601 2431 642 6906 34 17642 76 1169 22982 18601 ... 35 1982

18197 1059 209 22369 387 22101 11000 14777 128674 29158 123 444 17406 86 108 289 235 4806 2913 779 9392 33 19635 80 1173 23750 19313 ... 36 2772

18427 1188 182 27724 381 23284 12277 16214 122079 29037 107 545 18115 93 101 429 216 4823 2424 924 14073 I 39 18995 103 1271 24120 17144 ... 35 3134

16880 1164 185 26467 331 23524 14192 11744 110705 24112 92 545 12973 98 142 349 189 4425 1944 794 10087 I 29 17377 54 1328 23246 11874 ... 43 3156

17912 1305 190 30967 364 25414 17185 11316 114173 26773 49 586 14622 107 140 274 202 4492 2060 728 7492 19 18768 86 1378 23328 13464 ... 48 3573

17664 ... ... 35858 ... 26174 19920 ... 115686 33399 ... 608 16577 ... ... 319 ... 4453 ... ... 6066 ... 21251 ... ... 25720 14713 ... ... ...

Middle East Bahrain Cyprus Iran, Islamic Rep. of Israel Jordan Kuwait Oman Saudi Arabia Syrian Arab Republic Yemen Asia Australia Bangladesh Cambodia China Fiji Hong Kong, China India Indonesia Japan Korea, Rep. of Lao People’s Dem. Rep. Macau, China Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Nepal New Zealand Pakistan Papua New Guinea Philippines Samoa Singapore Solomon Islands Sri Lanka Taipei, Chinese Thailand Tonga Vanuatu Viet Nam

Appendix tables

Note: Due to frequent revisions to the services trade data, there are numerous breaks in the continuity of the series at the country and regional levels. See the Technical Notes.

183

Table A9

Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 1990, 1995 and 2000 (Billion dollars) Destination Origin

World a

North America

Latin America

Western Europe

1990

1995

2000

1990

1995

2000

1990

1995

2000

1990

1995

2000

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

414.19 315.14 99.05

576.71 443.07 133.64

558.28 442.33 115.95

45.95 34.59 11.36

62.36 43.72 18.64

83.56 63.00 20.55

15.89 13.04 2.85

27.71 22.60 5.10

30.97 25.81 5.16

209.01 161.16 47.85

271.86 214.44 57.41

243.82 198.05 45.78

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

482.86 52.74 357.36 72.76

521.33 59.93 355.65 105.75

813.20 62.11 630.91 120.17

89.89 6.79 71.50 11.60

90.47 7.27 65.84 17.36

163.63 8.18 131.97 23.48

17.80 1.50 14.81 1.49

24.31 2.12 19.25 2.95

39.33 2.03 32.91 4.39

205.99 24.10 143.02 38.88

199.35 26.67 123.58 49.10

271.13 24.56 194.58 51.98

2390.00 105.76 295.86 263.74 1212.94 318.94 298.49 595.50 104.27 108.00 299.44 3388.00

3641.83 150.36 465.64 388.80 1903.84 452.18 600.65 851.00 149.73 157.37 426.09 4934.00

4629.96 143.50 573.76 449.07 2565.86 571.32 939.88 1054.66 157.46 198.94 541.37 6186.00

470.46 12.73 30.67 44.31 280.06 104.57 75.81 99.68 9.12 27.83 65.73 619.65

724.64 17.91 53.32 64.50 444.40 141.16 152.13 151.11 13.30 39.89 91.32 898.03

1124.65 23.52 89.08 101.85 678.90 212.03 228.81 238.05 20.61 67.06 143.64 1405.90

90.90 3.66 14.62 8.13 49.88 9.68 9.88 30.32 2.90 2.49 9.21 129.22

180.27 5.54 27.84 17.92 98.96 24.86 22.44 51.65 6.54 6.14 17.33 238.14

266.07 6.54 38.70 25.17 147.68 32.45 44.33 70.90 11.44 10.34 26.20 345.85

1183.08 54.49 161.39 144.94 556.95 157.64 130.16 269.15 53.53 59.40 152.39 1627.67

1555.59 69.37 230.03 191.00 736.95 204.37 205.46 327.12 60.79 74.47 192.98 2114.42

1838.75 62.19 261.69 197.03 962.08 246.39 314.13 401.56 53.01 80.00 222.73 2437.90

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

81.75 53.32 28.42

112.47 73.10 39.37

105.81 71.73 34.08

17.43 9.60 7.83

25.99 13.83 12.17

33.28 19.62 13.67

6.90 5.37 1.53

11.04 8.30 2.74

13.91 10.82 3.09

16.70 10.35 6.35

19.76 12.56 7.20

14.78 8.66 6.12

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

47.43 11.71 24.99 10.73

55.14 11.70 27.72 15.72

76.05 9.95 49.67 16.42

21.03 2.80 12.83 5.40

28.77 3.38 17.01 8.39

50.66 3.18 38.01 9.47

3.67 0.67 2.44 0.56

4.94 0.68 3.15 1.11

8.62 0.67 6.22 1.73

9.47 3.55 4.33 1.59

8.76 3.32 2.94 2.51

7.33 2.87 2.11 2.35

363.80 5.54 46.13 32.00 229.83 60.99 57.28 111.56 5.73 2.89 41.69 521.78

569.91 8.89 72.86 52.14 356.60 96.45 109.54 150.60 8.75 7.67 63.01 777.37

824.94 9.52 96.97 72.01 524.41 128.42 173.90 222.09 13.15 10.71 98.18 1058.10

130.75 3.01 10.70 16.38 87.47 47.33 12.28 27.87 1.65 0.53 11.01 178.50

210.90 4.97 19.21 26.01 136.71 71.02 24.91 40.78 3.23 1.50 19.27 279.21

313.77 6.25 28.28 39.16 200.26 98.15 40.38 61.72 4.85 2.75 32.22 420.56

42.43 0.90 6.46 3.81 24.31 4.70 5.43 14.18 1.16 1.37 4.41 56.03

80.09 1.26 11.77 8.10 44.64 8.53 12.79 23.32 2.08 4.18 8.07 99.98

143.77 1.66 17.60 12.85 84.83 15.93 30.55 38.36 5.22 6.79 14.81 174.06

91.28 0.58 12.45 5.11 57.15 3.82 18.70 34.63 1.43 0.49 14.07 125.27

109.74 0.82 16.79 6.70 67.04 5.73 26.22 35.09 1.54 0.64 16.20 147.73

161.21 0.76 24.94 8.53 100.13 6.84 34.90 58.39 1.47 0.42 24.96 195.32

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

39.64 35.23 4.41

58.54 50.04 8.51

66.00 57.89 8.12

10.37 9.45 0.92

14.60 12.44 2.16

21.68 18.66 3.02

4.46 3.75 0.71

10.20 8.86 1.34

11.58 10.49 1.09

13.28 11.77 1.51

19.28 16.69 2.59

18.29 16.02 2.27

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

48.85 7.55 33.34 7.96

52.58 8.65 32.80 11.13

73.41 10.41 51.35 11.65

23.06 1.30 20.13 1.63

23.30 1.48 19.23 2.59

34.71 1.90 29.32 3.49

6.23 0.61 5.06 0.56

11.41 1.06 8.94 1.41

17.98 0.98 15.29 1.72

10.10 2.66 4.07 3.37

8.90 2.75 2.81 3.34

11.12 3.12 4.11 3.88

55.70 6.18 6.92 7.05 23.87 7.27 5.39 11.20 2.27 3.53 5.89 146.77

112.53 8.80 13.13 13.08 54.93 19.44 12.64 22.85 3.51 8.33 10.75 228.66

217.19 8.54 17.11 19.02 124.02 39.31 38.54 46.18 4.91 22.62 20.97 358.70

33.23 1.44 2.24 3.26 18.11 5.12 4.73 8.25 0.96 2.80 4.43 66.66

69.64 2.83 3.69 5.10 42.11 13.77 11.48 16.86 1.27 7.40 7.23 107.54

163.71 3.88 5.71 10.59 102.45 30.82 33.02 38.61 2.94 21.32 16.82 220.10

9.25 0.91 2.43 1.53 2.70 0.92 0.23 1.54 0.45 0.44 0.79 20.48

25.05 1.90 5.93 4.23 8.70 4.50 0.63 3.57 1.53 0.59 2.16 46.78

31.92 1.81 8.06 5.34 11.37 5.73 1.60 4.05 1.55 1.03 2.75 61.59

7.33 0.94 1.36 1.34 2.29 1.04 0.27 0.97 0.62 0.26 0.52 31.19

9.88 1.44 1.96 2.07 2.69 0.86 0.32 1.51 0.51 0.27 0.94 39.62

13.76 1.51 2.02 1.89 6.78 2.36 1.75 2.67 0.24 0.21 1.11 45.01

World

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b North America

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b

Appendix tables

Latin America

184

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b

Table A9 (continued)

Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 1990, 1995 and 2000 (Billion dollars) C./E.Europe/BS/CIS c 1990

1995

Africa 2000

1990

1995

Middle East 2000

1990

1995

Asia 2000

1990

1995

Destination 2000

Origin World

21.14 ... ...

24.16 ... ...

24.58 ... ...

15.54 ... ...

20.60 ... ...

18.10 ... ...

15.22 ... ...

19.41 ... ...

19.65 ... ...

89.73 59.96 29.77

147.92 103.33 44.59

134.49 98.43 36.06

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

12.88 ... ... ...

14.95 ... ... ...

34.28 ... ... ...

8.66 ... ... ...

10.01 ... ... ...

16.75 ... ... ...

7.05 ... ... ...

7.98 ... ... ...

13.16 ... ... ...

129.35 15.68 96.32 17.35

162.43 19.73 112.07 30.62

253.34 21.54 198.88 32.92

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

81.84 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 118.93

109.23 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 151.47

164.68 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 228.72

68.67 95.69 112.13 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 94.29 128.32 150.35

416.15 22.55 58.76 41.39 205.61 26.80 66.55 112.27 25.97 11.70 50.17 650.59

872.43 43.11 111.66 77.13 476.48 50.98 196.64 228.86 48.41 25.49 90.15 1211.80

1005.66 33.83 127.19 76.39 581.32 39.08 309.11 233.13 48.33 28.05 110.54 1427.47

3.63 3.48 0.14

1.77 1.69 0.08

1.17 1.08 0.09

2.59 2.09 0.50

3.87 3.46 0.42

3.16 2.91 0.25

2.68 2.44 0.23

3.29 3.00 0.29

3.18 2.89 0.28

31.60 19.77 11.83

46.18 29.71 16.47

36.02 25.45 10.57

0.19 0.04 0.14 0.00

0.26 0.07 0.19 0.00

0.13 0.02 0.09 0.02

0.40 0.23 0.14 0.03

0.43 0.14 0.25 0.04

0.51 0.07 0.24 0.19

0.38 0.09 0.16 0.12

0.54 0.03 0.21 0.30

0.38 0.04 0.16 0.17

12.28 4.33 4.94 3.02

11.44 4.09 3.97 3.39

8.42 3.08 2.84 2.50

1.33 0.03 0.35 0.04 0.72 0.03 0.16 0.53 0.03 0.01 0.15 5.26

3.78 0.03 0.35 0.21 2.57 0.39 0.71 1.46 0.09 0.04 0.50 6.16

4.66 0.05 0.53 0.24 3.17 0.17 0.92 2.08 0.06 0.01 0.59 6.36

5.52 0.14 0.67 0.32 3.92 0.26 0.56 3.10 0.11 0.01 0.36 9.00

6.20 0.16 0.85 0.48 4.05 0.44 0.67 2.94 0.11 0.01 0.55 11.14

7.61 0.06 0.92 0.44 5.50 0.41 0.81 4.28 0.07 0.02 0.59 12.00

8.30 0.15 0.66 0.76 5.68 1.24 0.87 3.57 0.25 0.06 0.72 12.28

12.34 0.14 0.94 1.35 8.37 1.92 1.71 4.75 0.35 0.10 1.09 18.84

15.56 0.07 1.13 2.11 10.53 1.49 2.32 6.72 0.15 0.06 1.50 20.37

83.89 0.74 14.84 5.56 50.27 3.62 19.28 27.37 1.10 0.43 10.97 132.89

146.86 1.51 22.95 9.30 93.21 8.42 42.53 42.26 1.36 1.21 17.33 211.49

178.37 0.68 23.56 8.66 119.99 5.43 64.03 50.53 1.31 0.65 23.51 229.11

5.25 5.11 0.14

1.52 1.51 0.01

1.85 1.81 0.04

1.00 0.94 0.06

1.87 1.78 0.09

1.79 1.73 0.06

1.22 1.16 0.06

1.80 1.71 0.08

1.91 1.85 0.06

4.02 3.02 1.00

9.11 6.90 2.22

8.57 7.09 1.48

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

1.13 0.79 0.32 0.02

0.35 0.25 0.08 0.01

0.43 0.22 0.21 0.00

0.31 0.14 0.16 0.01

0.33 0.15 0.18 0.01

0.36 0.21 0.13 0.02

0.35 0.08 0.23 0.05

0.23 0.14 0.04 0.04

0.48 0.25 0.10 0.13

5.69 1.97 1.40 2.31

7.58 2.80 1.05 3.73

7.15 3.73 1.05 2.38

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

0.28 0.09 0.03 0.09 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.00 6.67

0.16 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.03 2.03

0.44 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.34 0.03 0.21 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.02 2.72

0.76 0.15 0.16 0.21 0.19 0.07 0.01 0.12 0.04 0.00 0.02 2.13

0.78 0.11 0.17 0.20 0.24 0.09 0.01 0.15 0.01 0.01 0.03 2.99

0.90 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.35 0.16 0.01 0.18 0.01 0.00 0.02 3.16

0.69 0.33 0.05 0.17 0.11 0.02 0.00 0.09 0.03 0.00 0.01 2.34

0.58 0.15 0.05 0.19 0.14 0.04 0.00 0.09 0.03 0.01 0.02 2.61

0.40 0.08 0.06 0.07 0.14 0.06 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.02 2.80

4.12 2.33 0.64 0.46 0.45 0.09 0.15 0.21 0.12 0.01 0.11 13.99

5.99 2.35 0.96 1.25 0.93 0.18 0.21 0.55 0.14 0.03 0.33 22.72

5.66 1.07 0.77 0.90 2.55 0.14 1.94 0.46 0.14 0.03 0.21 21.41

62.63 79.57 82.24 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 88.24 112.45 120.24

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b North America Agricultural products Food Raw materials Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b

Appendix tables

Latin America

185

Table A9 (continued)

Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 1990, 1995 and 2000 (Billion dollars) Destination Origin

World a

North America

Latin America

Western Europe

1990

1995

2000

1990

1995

2000

1990

1995

2000

1990

1995

2000

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

187.42 153.39 34.04

248.51 208.58 39.93

230.06 196.50 33.56

8.63 7.78 0.85

9.47 8.47 1.00

12.86 11.65 1.22

3.04 2.81 0.22

4.73 4.44 0.29

3.52 3.21 0.31

146.52 118.04 28.47

190.24 157.63 32.61

174.20 148.77 25.43

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

118.13 14.19 70.34 33.59

131.94 17.06 74.09 40.79

172.32 15.84 111.68 44.80

10.22 0.38 7.68 2.16

10.23 0.45 7.41 2.38

21.85 0.72 16.38 4.75

0.56 0.07 0.28 0.22

1.36 0.10 0.89 0.37

1.38 0.14 0.68 0.55

94.47 11.79 55.31 27.37

105.01 13.99 58.59 32.43

130.23 12.22 85.44 32.57

1295.19 64.53 192.61 163.11 609.11 173.49 95.49 340.13 55.45 47.13 163.25 1637.12

1726.19 76.45 272.76 214.71 830.33 234.32 164.35 431.66 65.98 56.34 209.62 2215.47

1959.26 66.22 320.58 218.88 1004.23 271.03 259.89 473.31 59.59 57.22 232.54 2441.31

108.14 4.37 12.47 11.19 57.23 15.51 6.38 35.34 2.48 2.73 17.67 128.41

140.16 5.03 19.46 13.51 75.73 16.68 13.23 45.81 2.98 2.94 20.50 162.11

224.88 5.80 38.76 20.07 119.40 28.03 20.43 70.94 3.81 4.35 32.70 263.34

25.31 1.12 4.95 2.01 14.23 1.91 1.55 10.77 0.37 0.22 2.40 29.35

46.42 1.36 8.13 3.86 27.56 6.66 2.58 18.31 0.70 0.42 4.40 53.60

48.84 1.19 9.21 4.28 27.99 5.57 3.85 18.56 0.80 0.44 4.93 54.85

914.99 48.33 135.29 121.32 413.89 135.73 72.78 205.38 43.31 38.96 113.89 1168.99

1168.77 57.64 189.06 153.15 538.17 177.13 116.80 244.25 46.40 43.80 140.55 1530.71

1289.98 50.09 209.80 147.61 650.00 203.30 176.16 270.54 38.71 43.99 149.78 1653.62

12.62 39.22 50.06 105.42

21.30 47.67 86.24 159.48

24.23 93.03 146.75 270.99

0.35 0.97 1.18 2.55

0.50 2.37 4.51 7.53

0.62 3.40 7.27 11.52

0.35 0.82 1.74 3.15

0.12 2.16 1.22 3.52

0.14 3.79 2.17 6.25

8.06 26.55 21.76 58.20

11.77 28.34 51.07 93.50

9.23 47.23 87.24 146.60

16.27 55.04 20.75 104.08

20.97 47.48 29.89 107.26

18.60 86.45 35.55 144.70

0.86 13.58 1.22 15.80

0.91 11.80 2.37 15.17

0.94 21.69 3.70 26.43

0.06 1.26 0.24 1.56

0.18 1.57 0.57 2.33

0.27 3.61 0.55 4.42

9.95 33.83 12.88 59.87

12.68 23.92 17.23 57.59

10.42 38.42 21.09 71.83

4.53 108.38 19.95 134.10

6.42 104.78 33.10 145.62

6.40 196.05 57.00 262.60

0.13 15.19 3.27 18.83

0.14 9.64 6.30 16.50

0.24 24.65 15.34 41.29

0.04 4.63 0.26 5.00

0.05 2.34 0.47 2.87

0.06 2.02 1.07 3.19

2.10 27.02 6.47 36.14

2.20 19.78 9.35 31.60

2.06 29.67 16.03 47.91

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

71.96 50.43 21.53

108.51 79.01 29.50

107.17 82.60 24.57

8.18 6.64 1.54

10.74 7.73 3.00

13.94 11.58 2.35

1.05 0.78 0.27

1.39 0.85 0.54

1.50 1.11 0.39

12.41 7.87 4.54

15.93 10.83 5.10

14.84 10.70 4.14

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

65.82 10.85 45.61 9.35

81.74 13.21 51.15 17.38

115.90 14.56 79.42 21.92

5.84 1.87 2.98 0.99

4.36 1.48 1.83 1.05

6.67 1.58 3.43 1.67

0.64 0.04 0.55 0.05

0.54 0.04 0.45 0.05

1.93 0.10 1.72 0.11

4.55 2.05 1.63 0.87

4.63 2.10 1.69 0.84

7.15 2.28 3.15 1.72

584.56 20.66 33.74 45.77 319.20 71.45 137.15 110.60 36.81 47.10 81.28 738.92

1083.96 34.23 76.09 80.44 628.77 95.84 308.95 223.98 64.85 70.35 129.23 1300.60

1389.27 35.15 98.82 94.55 832.13 112.67 447.75 271.72 71.45 89.39 167.78 1649.20

192.66 3.66 4.44 11.77 115.92 36.52 52.05 27.34 3.82 21.05 32.00 208.91

290.77 3.30 8.51 16.81 187.26 39.54 101.74 45.99 5.34 26.29 43.26 309.97

395.98 5.25 12.58 24.79 249.70 54.70 131.89 63.11 8.19 35.76 59.70 422.67

11.68 0.46 0.42 0.64 7.40 1.74 2.59 3.06 0.87 0.45 1.44 13.64

26.45 0.59 1.24 1.53 17.35 5.06 6.36 5.94 2.19 0.94 2.61 29.07

37.75 1.01 2.29 2.51 22.51 5.13 8.08 9.30 3.80 2.07 3.56 41.48

128.38 1.01 5.42 8.52 73.08 15.28 37.38 20.41 5.96 14.07 20.32 148.02

189.56 1.33 10.66 13.01 111.90 17.95 59.48 34.46 8.11 17.64 26.91 213.67

249.44 2.36 13.25 15.23 156.26 19.83 88.87 47.56 8.05 20.79 33.50 277.61

Western Europe

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS c Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures Total merchandise exports b Africa Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures Total merchandise exports b Middle East Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures Total merchandise exports b

Appendix tables

Asia

186

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b

Table A9 (continued )

Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 1990, 1995 and 2000 (Billion dollars) C./E.Europe/BS/CIS c 1990

1995

Africa 2000

1990

1995

Middle East 2000

1990

1995

Asia 2000

1990

1995

Destination 2000

Origin Western Europe

5.75 4.69 1.06

13.28 11.93 1.34

10.03 8.40 1.63

7.64 6.57 1.06

8.93 7.62 1.31

7.58 6.60 0.98

5.91 5.39 0.52

6.50 5.96 0.53

6.30 5.79 0.51

8.98 7.50 1.49

14.71 12.07 2.64

14.66 11.34 3.32

2.03 0.56 0.95 0.51

3.11 0.44 1.77 0.90

4.39 0.55 2.10 1.75

1.96 0.24 1.16 0.56

2.26 0.23 1.46 0.57

2.98 0.24 2.21 0.52

1.44 0.13 0.52 0.79

1.95 0.20 0.80 0.96

1.90 0.19 1.11 0.60

3.43 0.92 0.63 1.89

5.44 1.53 0.95 2.96

6.98 1.70 1.50 3.78

53.37 2.28 7.79 4.34 28.83 2.32 3.20 23.31 2.36 1.72 6.05 62.03

79.42 2.16 11.54 9.51 36.44 7.61 5.92 22.91 6.09 3.01 10.67 97.30

111.48 3.02 16.68 13.77 55.11 12.34 13.27 29.50 7.47 3.15 12.28 129.49

43.63 2.36 6.82 4.96 22.90 5.44 2.59 14.86 2.51 0.51 3.57 53.96

48.69 2.14 8.11 5.54 24.43 5.50 3.41 15.52 3.36 0.94 4.17 60.93

47.13 1.43 7.26 4.73 25.19 5.11 5.54 14.53 3.40 1.11 4.03 58.93

36.69 2.30 5.66 6.26 16.45 2.63 1.70 12.12 1.20 0.52 4.31 45.58

48.03 2.32 6.88 8.61 21.70 3.35 2.71 15.64 1.58 1.09 5.85 57.99

50.19 1.60 7.10 9.13 23.79 4.35 4.93 14.52 1.23 1.20 6.14 59.53

105.58 3.72 17.71 12.63 51.05 9.93 6.18 34.94 3.14 2.46 14.87 119.76

186.97 5.57 27.54 19.69 103.11 17.31 19.34 66.47 4.52 4.10 22.45 210.98

172.56 2.98 28.44 18.78 93.83 12.11 31.83 49.88 3.72 2.89 21.91 199.00

Agricultural products Food Raw materials Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS c

1.78 6.91 15.99 25.10

4.53 9.54 13.91 29.00

8.68 28.58 33.96 72.10

0.35 0.29 1.44 2.10

0.48 0.24 1.57 2.42

0.48 0.31 1.67 2.76

0.20 0.36 1.72 2.75

0.59 0.51 3.04 4.24

0.52 2.41 2.72 6.51

1.53 3.28 6.17 11.46

3.03 3.71 10.07 17.28

3.86 5.82 9.29 20.46

Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures Total merchandise exports b Africa

0.57 0.61 0.99 2.33

0.65 0.76 0.11 1.52

0.78 0.28 0.08 1.16

1.92 1.79 2.40 6.14

2.27 2.82 5.46 10.58

1.80 3.91 5.24 10.97

0.37 0.46 0.72 1.55

0.51 0.48 0.69 1.69

0.61 0.70 0.79 2.13

2.46 3.27 2.18 8.03

3.67 6.01 3.43 14.97

3.38 15.78 3.59 24.76

0.58 1.56 1.24 3.42

0.31 0.55 0.77 1.68

0.33 0.17 0.97 1.56

0.10 3.48 0.52 4.10

0.29 3.64 1.21 5.14

0.17 8.06 2.09 10.34

1.15 3.71 3.58 8.50

2.39 3.91 4.83 11.30

2.32 6.07 7.82 16.56

0.28 48.97 3.91 53.40

0.65 58.60 8.17 67.73

0.83 113.41 10.20 125.71

Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures Total merchandise exports b Middle East Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures Total merchandise exports b

3.58 2.61 0.97

2.11 1.92 0.20

1.75 1.58 0.16

1.94 1.67 0.27

2.88 2.47 0.41

3.12 2.88 0.23

3.69 3.39 0.30

4.34 3.92 0.41

4.81 4.50 0.31

40.86 27.36 13.50

70.57 50.87 19.70

67.17 50.19 16.98

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

0.45 0.16 0.27 0.02

0.38 0.14 0.18 0.07

0.30 0.08 0.17 0.04

0.43 0.05 0.34 0.04

0.27 0.04 0.13 0.10

0.62 0.04 0.44 0.13

0.35 0.03 0.21 0.11

0.38 0.13 0.11 0.14

1.22 0.22 0.67 0.33

52.43 6.65 38.55 7.23

69.63 9.20 45.30 15.13

95.76 10.15 68.05 17.56

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

8.64 0.42 1.02 1.29 3.12 0.22 1.28 1.62 0.91 1.08 0.81 14.13

11.08 0.16 0.46 0.39 5.32 0.98 2.83 1.50 0.75 1.97 2.03 13.77

13.08 0.13 0.79 0.59 5.85 1.66 2.27 1.93 1.01 2.82 1.89 15.33

8.36 0.36 0.44 0.89 4.52 1.81 0.77 1.94 1.06 0.32 0.77 10.83

15.66 0.56 1.14 1.56 8.01 3.42 1.53 3.06 2.12 0.74 1.54 19.24

17.60 0.48 1.55 2.17 8.10 2.87 1.47 3.76 2.68 1.03 1.60 22.09

16.98 1.17 0.59 1.83 7.91 2.94 1.61 3.37 2.39 1.27 1.81 21.30

26.18 0.90 1.11 3.04 11.86 4.37 3.08 4.41 4.20 2.18 2.88 31.66

34.65 1.33 1.89 3.84 16.83 7.00 3.24 6.58 4.79 2.48 3.50 42.45

210.30 13.19 20.92 20.62 101.53 12.72 40.85 47.96 21.32 8.77 23.96 311.06

510.93 27.39 52.26 44.04 275.67 24.37 133.84 117.46 42.05 20.11 49.40 666.63

625.99 24.01 65.64 45.39 359.67 20.94 209.62 129.12 42.84 24.42 64.01 807.02

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b

Appendix tables

Asia

a Includes unspecified destinations. b Includes unspecified products. c Excludes the intra-trade of the Baltic States and the CIS in 1990 and 1995. Note : For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

187

Table A10

Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 1998-00 (Billion dollars) Destination Origin

World a

North America

Latin America

Western Europe

1998

1999

2000

1998

1999

2000

1998

1999

2000

1998

1999

2000

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

562.27 454.22 108.04

545.64 440.20 105.44

558.28 442.33 115.95

72.79 54.58 18.21

76.83 57.34 19.50

83.56 63.00 20.55

33.60 28.27 5.33

28.76 24.29 4.48

30.97 25.81 5.16

263.46 215.73 47.73

252.31 209.64 42.67

243.82 198.05 45.78

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

499.68 57.82 341.40 100.47

572.80 55.06 416.74 101.01

813.20 62.11 630.91 120.17

89.52 7.64 63.48 18.39

108.08 7.31 81.01 19.76

163.63 8.18 131.97 23.48

23.59 2.04 17.59 3.96

27.35 1.80 21.86 3.69

39.33 2.03 32.91 4.39

188.25 25.94 114.81 47.50

201.83 23.60 133.38 44.84

271.13 24.56 194.58 51.98

4055.73 142.39 508.47 403.72 2189.12 521.87 699.27 967.98 151.31 186.02 474.68 5297.00

4217.26 125.48 530.17 417.32 2310.38 548.48 780.44 981.45 147.75 186.11 500.06 5510.00

4629.96 143.50 573.76 449.07 2565.86 571.32 939.88 1054.66 157.46 198.94 541.37 6186.00

894.40 991.95 23.80 19.67 68.99 79.31 80.19 89.93 534.61 600.82 168.00 199.83 170.37 190.97 196.24 210.02 17.35 18.29 55.65 57.49 113.83 126.43 1083.47 1206.05

1124.65 23.52 89.08 101.85 678.90 212.03 228.81 238.05 20.61 67.06 143.64 1405.90

243.31 7.62 34.74 22.49 136.50 33.97 32.91 69.62 9.03 9.64 23.29 310.13

228.86 5.57 33.72 21.57 126.83 26.06 35.76 65.01 9.33 9.34 22.50 294.44

266.07 6.54 38.70 25.17 147.68 32.45 44.33 70.90 11.44 10.34 26.20 345.85

1768.81 65.54 255.41 194.08 893.65 247.17 261.46 385.03 61.82 83.13 215.18 2297.11

1796.68 56.35 256.52 193.59 929.53 253.22 280.20 396.10 55.83 82.17 222.70 2326.55

1838.75 62.19 261.69 197.03 962.08 246.39 314.13 401.56 53.01 80.00 222.73 2437.90

101.48 71.53 29.95

99.78 69.48 30.29

105.81 71.73 34.08

29.93 17.69 12.24

32.07 18.58 13.50

33.28 19.62 13.67

14.50 11.34 3.17

13.09 10.55 2.54

13.91 10.82 3.09

16.64 11.30 5.34

14.17 9.30 4.87

14.78 8.66 6.12

52.11 9.18 27.80 15.14

53.39 8.65 30.48 14.26

76.05 9.95 49.67 16.42

29.82 3.12 18.51 8.19

30.59 3.01 19.14 8.44

50.66 3.18 38.01 9.47

5.92 0.69 3.48 1.76

5.85 0.60 3.63 1.62

8.62 0.67 6.22 1.73

7.95 2.88 2.26 2.81

8.77 2.64 4.19 1.94

7.33 2.87 2.11 2.35

699.50 9.18 81.61 60.80 446.30 109.97 127.10 209.23 11.15 10.52 79.95 896.77

741.48 8.42 85.67 64.92 475.58 124.65 141.06 209.86 11.65 10.25 85.00 940.89

824.94 9.52 96.97 72.01 524.41 128.42 173.90 222.09 13.15 10.71 98.18 1058.10

259.94 5.81 23.62 32.18 165.50 82.32 28.71 54.47 4.47 2.40 25.95 337.02

290.76 5.59 25.57 35.79 187.59 98.90 31.21 57.48 4.65 2.58 28.99 372.92

313.77 6.25 28.28 39.16 200.26 98.15 40.38 61.72 4.85 2.75 32.22 420.56

119.32 1.70 15.29 10.41 69.88 12.68 21.68 35.52 3.27 6.73 12.04 146.26

120.92 1.45 14.92 10.81 70.85 11.88 24.22 34.75 4.05 6.48 12.36 146.83

143.77 1.66 17.60 12.85 84.83 15.93 30.55 38.36 5.22 6.79 14.81 174.06

141.00 0.61 21.15 7.96 88.21 7.35 28.41 52.45 1.71 0.57 20.79 176.07

148.39 0.55 21.91 8.12 94.18 7.44 30.14 56.59 1.40 0.46 21.77 182.29

161.21 0.76 24.94 8.53 100.13 6.84 34.90 58.39 1.47 0.42 24.96 195.32

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

65.95 59.28 6.67

61.03 54.16 6.87

66.00 57.89 8.12

17.44 15.20 2.24

17.86 15.40 2.46

21.68 18.66 3.02

12.96 11.87 1.09

10.38 9.41 0.97

11.58 10.49 1.09

19.93 18.05 1.88

18.60 16.77 1.83

18.29 16.02 2.27

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

47.69 9.15 29.16 9.38

57.49 8.94 39.06 9.48

73.41 10.41 51.35 11.65

21.55 1.58 17.66 2.31

28.18 1.53 23.80 2.84

34.71 1.90 29.32 3.49

10.29 0.90 7.87 1.51

12.89 0.85 10.71 1.33

17.98 0.98 15.29 1.72

8.90 3.12 2.37 3.41

8.87 2.89 2.77 3.22

11.12 3.12 4.11 3.88

164.93 8.37 14.63 15.42 89.04 31.21 24.02 33.81 4.22 16.83 16.41 280.20

178.46 7.05 14.42 15.93 100.86 32.39 30.57 37.90 4.23 18.48 17.49 298.70

217.19 8.54 17.11 19.02 124.02 39.31 38.54 46.18 4.91 22.62 20.97 358.70

113.71 3.44 4.12 7.36 68.51 20.65 21.15 26.70 2.11 15.75 12.42 152.71

133.10 3.12 4.65 8.63 83.13 24.84 26.72 31.56 2.41 17.38 13.79 179.14

163.71 3.88 5.71 10.59 102.45 30.82 33.02 38.61 2.94 21.32 16.82 220.10

33.69 2.45 7.26 5.10 13.76 8.05 0.96 4.75 1.65 0.78 2.68 57.06

26.80 1.50 6.81 4.54 9.37 4.57 1.11 3.69 1.37 0.84 2.36 50.17

31.92 1.81 8.06 5.34 11.37 5.73 1.60 4.05 1.55 1.03 2.75 61.59

10.66 1.23 1.95 1.80 4.22 1.82 0.69 1.71 0.29 0.24 0.93 40.95

12.05 1.17 1.82 1.65 5.89 2.66 1.21 2.02 0.25 0.20 1.07 41.03

13.76 1.51 2.02 1.89 6.78 2.36 1.75 2.67 0.24 0.21 1.11 45.01

World

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b North America Agricultural products Food Raw materials Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b

Appendix tables

Latin America

188

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b

Table A10 (continued )

Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 1998-00 (Billion dollars) C./E.Europe/BS/CIS 1998

1999

Africa 2000

1998

1999

Middle East 2000

1998

1999

Asia 2000

1998

1999

Destination 2000

Origin World

30.68 ... ...

23.51 ... ...

24.58 ... ...

20.75 ... ...

18.32 ... ...

18.10 ... ...

19.32 ... ...

19.59 ... ...

19.65 ... ...

118.06 89.64 28.42

122.22 91.39 30.83

134.49 98.43 36.06

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

27.91 ... ... ...

24.94 ... ... ...

34.28 ... ... ...

9.55 ... ... ...

11.19 ... ... ...

16.75 ... ... ...

7.19 ... ... ...

7.68 ... ... ...

13.16 ... ... ...

142.48 16.33 101.84 24.31

172.67 17.23 128.98 26.46

253.34 21.54 198.88 32.92

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

164.18 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 228.38

144.71 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 198.13

164.68 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 228.72

113.84 105.68 112.13 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 147.93 138.13 150.35

755.57 27.11 95.73 60.73 426.23 30.52 201.59 194.12 39.32 23.30 83.16 1046.60

830.68 28.95 108.88 66.66 467.90 32.67 239.55 195.68 41.54 24.33 92.42 1155.60

1005.66 33.83 127.19 76.39 581.32 39.08 309.11 233.13 48.33 28.05 110.54 1427.47

1.94 1.87 0.07

1.30 1.23 0.07

1.17 1.08 0.09

3.39 3.11 0.28

3.09 2.82 0.26

3.16 2.91 0.25

2.69 2.45 0.23

2.86 2.63 0.24

3.18 2.89 0.28

32.06 23.44 8.62

32.82 24.00 8.82

36.02 25.45 10.57

0.20 0.05 0.13 0.02

0.08 0.01 0.05 0.02

0.13 0.02 0.09 0.02

0.44 0.11 0.25 0.08

0.39 0.09 0.20 0.10

0.51 0.07 0.24 0.19

0.38 0.04 0.16 0.17

0.38 0.04 0.16 0.18

0.38 0.04 0.16 0.17

7.39 2.29 3.00 2.11

7.33 2.26 3.09 1.97

8.42 3.08 2.84 2.50

5.59 0.02 0.47 0.23 4.08 0.32 0.98 2.78 0.10 0.03 0.66 8.07

4.40 0.02 0.33 0.26 3.15 0.23 0.84 2.07 0.07 0.02 0.54 6.13

4.66 0.05 0.53 0.24 3.17 0.17 0.92 2.08 0.06 0.01 0.59 6.36

8.05 0.25 0.91 0.44 5.71 0.55 0.77 4.39 0.08 0.02 0.64 12.60

6.94 0.19 0.81 0.42 4.83 0.41 0.80 3.62 0.07 0.02 0.60 11.10

7.61 0.06 0.92 0.44 5.50 0.41 0.81 4.28 0.07 0.02 0.59 12.00

19.94 0.16 0.99 1.77 15.22 1.84 1.95 11.43 0.28 0.10 1.42 24.72

17.51 0.07 1.07 1.78 12.87 1.20 2.12 9.55 0.21 0.07 1.43 22.38

15.56 0.07 1.13 2.11 10.53 1.49 2.32 6.72 0.15 0.06 1.50 20.37

145.59 0.62 19.18 7.80 97.62 4.92 44.60 48.09 1.24 0.67 18.45 191.61

152.56 0.54 21.05 7.74 102.11 4.59 51.73 45.79 1.20 0.63 19.30 198.86

178.37 0.68 23.56 8.66 119.99 5.43 64.03 50.53 1.31 0.65 23.51 229.11

2.13 2.10 0.04

1.98 1.95 0.03

1.85 1.81 0.04

2.18 2.12 0.07

1.76 1.70 0.05

1.79 1.73 0.06

2.41 2.34 0.07

2.05 2.00 0.06

1.91 1.85 0.06

8.53 7.25 1.27

8.11 6.72 1.39

8.57 7.09 1.48

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

0.37 0.22 0.15 0.00

0.37 0.18 0.19 0.00

0.43 0.22 0.21 0.00

0.48 0.23 0.24 0.02

0.37 0.23 0.12 0.02

0.36 0.21 0.13 0.02

0.30 0.18 0.10 0.02

0.33 0.17 0.11 0.04

0.48 0.25 0.10 0.13

5.21 2.71 0.40 2.09

5.63 3.08 0.53 2.02

7.15 3.73 1.05 2.38

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

0.40 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.26 0.11 0.13 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.04 2.90

0.36 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.28 0.03 0.19 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.02 2.71

0.44 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.34 0.03 0.21 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.02 2.72

0.80 0.11 0.13 0.18 0.34 0.15 0.01 0.18 0.01 0.00 0.03 3.49

0.73 0.15 0.14 0.16 0.26 0.11 0.01 0.14 0.01 0.00 0.02 2.94

0.90 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.35 0.16 0.01 0.18 0.01 0.00 0.02 3.16

0.60 0.16 0.05 0.10 0.21 0.13 0.01 0.07 0.03 0.02 0.04 3.31

0.37 0.07 0.05 0.08 0.12 0.07 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.02 2.75

0.40 0.08 0.06 0.07 0.14 0.06 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.02 2.80

4.33 0.94 0.79 0.75 1.49 0.10 1.07 0.32 0.10 0.01 0.24 18.09

4.72 1.04 0.68 0.82 1.78 0.10 1.33 0.36 0.15 0.04 0.20 18.49

5.66 1.07 0.77 0.90 2.55 0.14 1.94 0.46 0.14 0.03 0.21 21.41

85.51 81.20 82.24 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 119.65 114.20 120.24

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b North America Agricultural products Food Raw materials Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b

Appendix tables

Latin America

189

Table A10 (continued )

Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 1998-00 (Billion dollars) Destination Origin

World a

North America

Latin America

Western Europe

1998

1999

2000

1998

1999

2000

1998

1999

2000

1998

1999

2000

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

242.97 208.06 34.91

236.71 204.51 32.20

230.06 196.50 33.56

11.23 10.20 1.03

12.45 11.35 1.09

12.86 11.65 1.22

3.99 3.70 0.30

3.41 3.13 0.28

3.52 3.21 0.31

185.94 157.97 27.98

181.81 156.89 24.91

174.20 148.77 25.43

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

123.33 14.84 69.23 39.25

132.67 14.64 79.67 38.36

172.32 15.84 111.68 44.80

9.19 0.54 5.67 2.98

13.16 0.66 9.29 3.20

21.85 0.72 16.38 4.75

1.38 0.11 0.80 0.47

1.24 0.10 0.71 0.44

1.38 0.14 0.68 0.55

97.26 12.13 54.76 30.37

102.36 11.48 61.71 29.17

130.23 12.22 85.44 32.57

1908.88 70.68 305.76 215.65 960.66 268.26 216.04 476.36 68.04 62.26 225.82 2363.55

1917.83 61.82 314.18 216.39 971.50 269.31 231.27 470.91 62.45 59.86 231.63 2369.83

1959.26 66.22 320.58 218.88 1004.23 271.03 259.89 473.31 59.59 57.22 232.54 2441.31

184.54 5.07 28.15 16.53 102.06 24.25 15.04 62.77 3.32 3.77 25.63 208.51

203.49 4.49 34.92 18.11 109.19 26.60 17.07 65.52 3.52 3.92 29.35 232.35

224.88 5.80 38.76 20.07 119.40 28.03 20.43 70.94 3.81 4.35 32.70 263.34

52.97 1.53 9.34 4.64 30.69 6.64 3.67 20.39 0.89 0.49 5.37 60.64

46.81 1.12 8.92 3.98 26.85 5.06 3.51 18.29 0.73 0.43 4.77 53.25

48.84 1.19 9.21 4.28 27.99 5.57 3.85 18.56 0.80 0.44 4.93 54.85

1296.69 53.69 210.10 151.84 634.20 206.15 155.27 272.78 47.01 48.04 151.81 1629.81

1303.20 47.53 210.44 150.35 649.97 208.35 165.39 276.23 42.26 46.94 155.71 1639.44

1289.98 50.09 209.80 147.61 650.00 203.30 176.16 270.54 38.71 43.99 149.78 1653.62

24.18 59.38 128.93 216.48

22.09 61.48 125.13 214.85

24.23 93.03 146.75 270.99

0.65 2.62 6.52 9.90

0.72 3.46 6.21 10.65

0.62 3.40 7.27 11.52

0.15 1.35 1.80 3.48

0.13 2.25 1.73 4.45

0.14 3.79 2.17 6.25

9.66 28.67 73.82 113.96

8.93 30.74 75.89 118.50

9.23 47.23 87.24 146.60

23.63 45.26 31.12 104.30

22.38 55.91 31.51 114.30

18.60 86.45 35.55 144.70

1.21 11.54 2.98 15.77

1.08 12.62 2.99 16.76

0.94 21.69 3.70 26.43

0.36 1.87 0.53 2.76

0.37 2.51 0.42 3.30

0.27 3.61 0.55 4.42

12.81 21.74 18.39 55.25

11.82 24.83 18.88 57.69

10.42 38.42 21.09 71.83

6.35 92.13 39.84 140.10

6.94 124.05 46.00 179.50

6.40 196.05 57.00 262.60

0.22 9.29 9.46 19.59

0.25 14.49 10.92 26.64

0.24 24.65 15.34 41.29

0.06 1.34 0.96 2.37

0.08 1.26 0.92 2.28

0.06 2.02 1.07 3.19

2.11 17.21 12.41 31.94

2.01 20.22 12.97 35.36

2.06 29.67 16.03 47.91

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

97.72 76.49 21.24

96.72 75.74 20.99

107.17 82.60 24.57

12.10 9.66 2.44

12.39 10.28 2.11

13.94 11.58 2.35

1.58 1.17 0.41

1.31 0.96 0.35

1.50 1.11 0.39

16.37 12.06 4.31

14.97 11.28 3.69

14.84 10.70 4.14

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

79.78 12.98 49.67 17.13

87.80 12.36 57.09 18.35

115.90 14.56 79.42 21.92

5.51 1.59 2.37 1.55

5.59 1.34 2.73 1.51

6.67 1.58 3.43 1.67

1.44 0.10 1.26 0.08

1.34 0.08 1.16 0.10

1.93 0.10 1.72 0.11

6.51 2.62 2.62 1.27

6.03 2.35 2.43 1.25

7.15 2.28 3.15 1.72

1082.51 32.72 75.61 76.34 627.01 96.04 319.36 211.61 60.08 78.00 132.75 1295.27

1176.85 29.40 84.62 82.80 693.62 104.67 362.66 226.30 61.95 78.98 145.47 1392.03

1389.27 35.15 98.82 94.55 832.13 112.67 447.75 271.72 71.45 89.39 167.78 1649.20

317.25 6.61 10.48 19.43 194.32 40.51 104.07 49.74 6.84 31.49 48.08 339.98

344.49 4.60 11.44 21.67 216.14 49.22 114.05 52.87 7.10 31.14 52.39 367.60

395.98 5.25 12.58 24.79 249.70 54.70 131.89 63.11 8.19 35.76 59.70 422.67

34.05 1.09 1.85 2.14 21.14 6.43 6.37 8.35 3.15 1.61 3.07 37.57

31.25 0.85 1.94 2.05 18.86 4.48 6.67 7.71 3.11 1.58 2.85 34.17

37.75 1.01 2.29 2.51 22.51 5.13 8.08 9.30 3.80 2.07 3.56 41.48

215.84 3.13 12.02 14.11 128.80 21.53 69.03 38.24 8.49 19.41 29.88 249.14

225.30 1.79 12.93 14.23 137.24 22.19 74.42 40.63 7.81 19.83 31.47 252.25

249.44 2.36 13.25 15.23 156.26 19.83 88.87 47.56 8.05 20.79 33.50 277.61

Western Europe

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures Total merchandise exports b Africa Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures Total merchandise exports b Middle East Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures Total merchandise exports b

Appendix tables

Asia

190

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b

Table A10 (continued )

Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 1998-00 (Billion dollars) C./E.Europe/BS/CIS

Africa

Middle East

Asia

Destination

1998

1999

2000

1998

1999

2000

1998

1999

2000

1998

1999

2000

13.37 11.89 1.47

10.01 8.61 1.40

10.03 8.40 1.63

8.61 7.40 1.21

7.41 6.41 1.00

7.58 6.60 0.98

6.16 5.67 0.49

6.36 5.89 0.47

6.30 5.79 0.51

12.63 10.41 2.23

14.32 11.46 2.86

14.66 11.34 3.32

3.81 0.52 1.90 1.39

3.74 0.49 1.84 1.40

4.39 0.55 2.10 1.75

2.29 0.26 1.46 0.57

2.03 0.23 1.35 0.46

2.98 0.24 2.21 0.52

1.56 0.20 0.57 0.79

1.53 0.18 0.74 0.61

1.90 0.19 1.11 0.60

4.35 1.02 0.75 2.57

5.85 1.43 1.54 2.88

6.98 1.70 1.50 3.78

111.06 3.01 15.96 13.62 53.65 11.64 10.12 31.89 7.58 3.97 13.28 132.94

100.57 2.84 14.93 12.59 48.40 10.33 10.47 27.60 7.10 3.21 11.49 118.05

111.48 3.02 16.68 13.77 55.11 12.34 13.27 29.50 7.47 3.15 12.28 129.49

51.07 2.13 8.04 5.16 26.28 4.91 5.21 16.16 3.71 1.48 4.28 63.65

48.22 1.45 7.57 4.90 25.14 4.93 5.03 15.17 3.61 1.33 4.22 59.20

47.13 1.43 7.26 4.73 25.19 5.11 5.54 14.53 3.40 1.11 4.03 58.93

50.85 2.15 7.38 8.04 24.08 3.92 3.68 16.48 1.50 1.36 6.34 61.38

48.01 1.57 7.07 8.71 22.40 3.39 4.12 14.89 1.28 1.18 5.79 56.98

50.19 1.60 7.10 9.13 23.79 4.35 4.93 14.52 1.23 1.20 6.14 59.53

149.36 2.95 23.42 15.26 82.68 10.56 22.32 49.80 3.36 3.09 18.61 172.52

152.98 2.69 26.84 17.15 80.22 10.44 24.34 45.44 3.37 2.81 19.91 178.38

172.56 2.98 28.44 18.78 93.83 12.11 31.83 49.88 3.72 2.89 21.91 199.00

Origin Western Europe Agricultural products Food Raw materials Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

9.60 22.55 34.14 66.64

7.39 19.98 27.51 55.52

8.68 28.58 33.96 72.10

0.42 0.16 1.72 2.63

0.42 0.19 1.64 2.73

0.48 0.31 1.67 2.76

0.55 0.60 2.80 4.56

0.56 0.45 2.16 3.94

0.52 2.41 2.72 6.51

2.75 2.57 6.82 12.54

3.43 3.46 8.34 15.81

3.86 5.82 9.29 20.46

1.17 0.29 0.09 1.56

0.92 0.32 0.09 1.35

0.78 0.28 0.08 1.16

2.57 1.78 5.12 9.50

2.39 2.60 4.83 9.83

1.80 3.91 5.24 10.97

0.77 0.43 0.70 1.97

0.76 0.54 0.71 2.04

0.61 0.70 0.79 2.13

3.68 6.22 2.89 14.58

3.83 10.44 3.03 19.47

3.38 15.78 3.59 24.76

0.39 0.34 1.11 1.88

0.34 0.19 0.99 1.57

0.33 0.17 0.97 1.56

0.40 3.87 1.93 6.21

0.22 5.08 1.82 7.13

0.17 8.06 2.09 10.34

2.37 3.29 6.00 11.90

2.72 3.50 6.30 12.74

2.32 6.07 7.82 16.56

0.52 52.77 6.23 60.12

0.69 68.07 7.91 77.54

0.83 113.41 10.20 125.71

Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures Total merchandise exports b Africa Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures Total merchandise exports b Middle East Agricultural products Mining products Manufactures Total merchandise exports b

2.08 1.89 0.19

1.58 1.40 0.17

1.75 1.58 0.16

3.18 2.91 0.27

3.04 2.81 0.23

3.12 2.88 0.23

4.38 4.08 0.30

4.28 3.99 0.29

4.81 4.50 0.31

57.88 44.59 13.29

59.02 44.88 14.14

67.17 50.19 16.98

Agricultural products Food Raw materials

0.36 0.12 0.22 0.02

0.26 0.06 0.17 0.02

0.30 0.08 0.17 0.04

0.53 0.04 0.37 0.12

0.54 0.04 0.37 0.12

0.62 0.04 0.44 0.13

0.63 0.11 0.32 0.20

0.95 0.20 0.47 0.29

1.22 0.22 0.67 0.33

63.97 8.33 42.04 13.61

71.89 8.22 48.87 14.79

95.76 10.15 68.05 17.56

Mining products Ores and other minerals Fuels Non-ferrous metals

11.78 0.13 0.60 0.48 5.88 2.24 1.99 1.65 0.94 2.29 1.45 14.39

10.80 0.15 0.70 0.52 5.04 1.82 1.75 1.47 0.84 2.16 1.39 12.80

13.08 0.13 0.79 0.59 5.85 1.66 2.27 1.93 1.01 2.82 1.89 15.33

16.80 0.83 1.45 1.85 8.21 3.13 1.51 3.57 2.26 0.79 1.41 21.58

17.01 0.49 1.52 2.15 8.07 2.98 1.50 3.59 2.42 0.87 1.50 21.28

17.60 0.48 1.55 2.17 8.10 2.87 1.47 3.76 2.68 1.03 1.60 22.09

32.96 1.45 1.52 3.30 17.76 7.28 3.08 7.41 3.98 1.82 3.11 40.08

30.63 1.25 1.66 3.36 15.20 6.35 2.70 6.15 4.04 2.05 3.08 37.30

34.65 1.33 1.89 3.84 16.83 7.00 3.24 6.58 4.79 2.48 3.50 42.45

440.36 19.22 46.56 34.73 240.92 14.67 132.50 93.75 34.37 19.48 45.08 577.14

501.12 20.02 53.57 38.55 279.47 17.21 160.62 101.63 36.54 20.80 52.17 647.05

625.99 24.01 65.64 45.39 359.67 20.94 209.62 129.12 42.84 24.42 64.01 807.02

Manufactures Iron and steel Chemicals Other semi-manufactures Machinery and transport equipment Automotive products Office and telecom equipment Other machinery and transport equipment Textiles Clothing Other consumer goods Total merchandise exports b

Appendix tables

Asia

a Includes unspecified destinations. b Includes unspecified products. Note : For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

191

Table A11

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Canada (Billion dollars) C./E. Europe/

Agricultural products

Appendix tables

Latin America

Western Europe

exp

exp

exp

imp

imp

imp

Baltic States/CIS exp

imp

Africa

Middle East

exp

imp

exp

imp

Asia exp

imp

1998 1999 2000

19.49 21.16 21.85

8.86 9.06 9.94

1.38 1.18 1.30

1.52 1.50 1.57

3.01 2.83 3.29

1.62 1.73 1.74

0.13 0.08 0.07

0.15 0.16 0.15

0.95 0.59 0.64

0.26 0.24 0.21

0.29 0.49 0.61

0.03 0.03 0.04

5.97 6.26 7.02

1.54 1.52 1.58

Food

1998 1999 2000

9.72 10.27 11.06

6.63 6.81 7.33

1.30 1.11 1.21

1.41 1.37 1.42

1.29 1.15 1.02

1.46 1.55 1.55

0.11 0.06 0.06

0.14 0.15 0.14

0.89 0.53 0.59

0.23 0.22 0.19

0.24 0.44 0.56

0.03 0.03 0.04

3.28 3.00 3.13

1.28 1.29 1.34

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

9.77 10.89 10.79

2.23 2.24 2.61

0.08 0.07 0.09

0.11 0.13 0.14

1.73 1.69 2.27

0.17 0.18 0.18

0.02 0.01 0.02

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.05 0.06 0.05

0.02 0.03 0.02

0.05 0.05 0.05

0.00 0.00 0.00

2.69 3.26 3.90

0.27 0.23 0.24

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

23.52 24.16 43.57

6.10 5.12 6.64

0.33 0.25 0.25

1.35 1.53 2.02

2.58 4.37 2.30

2.64 3.81 6.44

0.01 0.02 0.02

0.17 0.23 0.28

0.08 0.07 0.05

0.83 0.81 1.31

0.04 0.03 0.02

0.38 0.41 1.08

2.50 1.97 2.11

0.51 0.52 0.81

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

1.57 1.41 1.54

1.48 1.48 1.57

0.10 0.09 0.10

0.53 0.57 0.73

1.45 1.32 1.44

0.17 0.16 0.17

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.03 0.02 0.04

0.07 0.05 0.03

0.16 0.09 0.05

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.66 0.50 0.68

0.37 0.35 0.46

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

16.00 16.70 35.23

2.56 1.51 2.65

0.15 0.13 0.09

0.78 0.92 1.24

0.32 2.49 0.26

2.28 3.42 5.97

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.08 0.17 0.13

0.01 0.02 0.02

0.61 0.67 1.22

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.37 0.40 1.07

1.20 0.91 0.73

0.05 0.06 0.20

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

5.96 6.05 6.79

2.06 2.13 2.41

0.08 0.03 0.06

0.04 0.03 0.04

0.82 0.56 0.60

0.19 0.23 0.30

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.06 0.04 0.11

0.01 0.00 0.00

0.06 0.05 0.04

0.03 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.65 0.56 0.71

0.10 0.11 0.16

1998 1999 2000

126.36 144.72 158.80

119.20 127.21 134.83

2.50 2.29 2.58

5.63 6.76 8.65

5.90 6.57 7.73

17.36 18.99 20.51

0.40 0.29 0.31

0.70 0.55 0.78

0.38 0.39 0.33

0.27 0.32 0.33

0.51 0.46 0.53

0.33 0.37 0.58

4.20 4.30 5.36

24.79 27.24 32.28

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

3.00 2.76 3.07

2.48 2.49 2.82

0.03 0.03 0.04

0.30 0.23 0.35

0.05 0.05 0.05

0.85 0.73 0.85

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.31 0.12 0.21

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.09 0.07 0.09

0.00 0.01 0.00

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.04 0.04 0.05

0.66 0.57 0.88

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

9.88 10.49 12.12

13.09 14.19 15.42

0.32 0.31 0.43

0.13 0.13 0.16

0.69 0.72 0.66

2.84 3.07 3.39

0.03 0.04 0.03

0.07 0.07 0.10

0.04 0.04 0.03

0.07 0.12 0.08

0.04 0.05 0.04

0.05 0.06 0.11

1.18 1.21 1.49

0.62 0.71 0.78

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

19.50 21.55 23.12

11.81 12.93 14.64

0.48 0.44 0.49

0.28 0.34 0.42

0.84 1.15 1.10

1.60 1.71 1.90

0.04 0.03 0.03

0.04 0.05 0.06

0.06 0.07 0.06

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.08 0.06 0.09

0.08 0.10 0.11

0.69 0.71 0.73

1.63 1.70 2.01

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

79.76 93.95 101.70

75.46 80.17 83.74

1.47 1.34 1.44

4.02 5.03 6.62

3.55 3.82 4.94

9.39 10.71 11.38

0.23 0.16 0.18

0.16 0.20 0.27

0.24 0.24 0.21

0.04 0.06 0.08

0.31 0.27 0.34

0.12 0.12 0.26

1.84 1.94 2.62

14.86 16.66 19.99

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

2.23 2.23 2.81

2.51 2.62 2.75

0.04 0.03 0.03

0.08 0.10 0.12

0.41 0.42 0.47

0.85 1.10 0.90

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.02 0.03 0.04

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.02 0.05 0.07

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.11 0.17 0.17

0.12 0.22 0.16

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

9.00 9.32 9.96

14.45 14.26 15.12

0.35 0.28 0.30

0.26 0.29 0.36

0.71 0.67 0.77

3.56 3.89 4.01

0.08 0.06 0.07

0.08 0.07 0.08

0.06 0.07 0.06

0.01 0.01 0.03

0.10 0.06 0.07

0.03 0.03 0.08

0.39 0.36 0.40

2.10 1.97 2.32

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

10.75 11.90 17.63

11.93 11.97 13.94

0.42 0.33 0.35

1.05 1.47 2.01

0.93 0.95 1.56

1.18 1.46 2.12

0.07 0.04 0.03

0.02 0.02 0.06

0.04 0.05 0.03

0.01 0.02 0.02

0.08 0.07 0.07

0.04 0.05 0.08

0.72 0.70 0.94

7.60 8.49 10.26

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

3.56 3.91 4.51

6.16 6.91 7.66

0.09 0.08 0.07

0.96 1.11 1.16

0.19 0.21 0.22

0.64 0.79 0.89

0.04 0.02 0.02

0.02 0.03 0.04

0.02 0.02 0.01

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.02 0.03 0.07

0.15 0.14 0.15

1.27 1.52 1.92

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

47.66 59.35 59.19

33.81 37.81 37.57

0.52 0.42 0.53

1.56 1.92 2.70

0.30 0.35 0.27

1.51 1.61 1.69

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.00 0.01

0.02 0.03 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.03 0.02 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.18 0.34 0.59

3.01 3.75 4.18

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

6.56 7.25 7.62

6.59 6.59 6.70

0.04 0.19 0.15

0.11 0.13 0.27

1.01 1.21 1.64

1.65 1.86 1.78

0.00 0.01 0.02

0.01 0.04 0.05

0.09 0.06 0.08

0.00 0.01 0.00

0.07 0.05 0.05

0.02 0.01 0.03

0.31 0.21 0.37

0.77 0.71 1.16

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

1.68 1.83 2.01

2.64 2.61 2.66

0.04 0.03 0.04

0.12 0.13 0.14

0.11 0.10 0.08

0.42 0.40 0.40

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.05 0.04 0.04

0.79 0.81 0.87

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

1.61 1.80 2.00

0.63 0.56 0.55

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.19 0.21 0.24

0.05 0.05 0.04

0.27 0.26 0.27

0.01 0.00 0.00

0.04 0.03 0.05

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.02 0.02

0.02 0.02 0.02

2.09 2.16 2.53

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

10.93 12.35 14.77

13.09 14.27 15.00

0.15 0.13 0.13

0.58 0.69 0.73

0.60 0.70 0.86

1.99 2.13 2.33

0.06 0.04 0.05

0.06 0.07 0.08

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.05 0.06 0.05

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.38 0.35 0.40

4.14 4.63 5.23

1998 1999 2000

181.90 205.08 241.63

137.31 144.44 154.52

4.33 3.83 4.22

8.74 10.00 12.43

12.39 14.44 13.85

21.96 24.92 29.07

0.58 0.41 0.43

1.03 0.94 1.22

1.43 1.09 1.05

1.36 1.37 1.86

0.90 1.05 1.20

0.74 0.82 1.71

13.07 12.89 14.73

26.94 29.35 34.74

Manufactures

Total merchandise a

192

North America

Table A11 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Canada (Billion dollars)

exp

exp

imp

exp

Mexico imp

Korea, Rep of

World b

exp

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

8.86 9.05 9.93

2.87 2.68 3.13

1.45 1.56 1.58

3.26 3.40 3.78

0.05 0.05 0.05

0.92 0.94 1.02

0.18 0.19 0.23

0.42 0.37 0.51

0.27 0.26 0.28

0.30 0.47 0.62

0.04 0.04 0.05

31.22 32.60 34.79

14.00 14.28 15.27

Food

1998 1999 2000

9.72 10.27 11.06

6.63 6.81 7.32

1.19 1.04 0.92

1.29 1.39 1.40

1.67 1.62 1.72

0.03 0.04 0.04

0.62 0.49 0.50

0.15 0.16 0.20

0.39 0.34 0.47

0.26 0.25 0.27

0.11 0.11 0.15

0.03 0.03 0.03

16.84 16.57 17.63

11.18 11.44 12.03

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

9.77 10.89 10.79

2.23 2.24 2.61

1.68 1.64 2.20

0.16 0.17 0.18

1.59 1.78 2.06

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.30 0.46 0.52

0.03 0.02 0.03

0.03 0.03 0.04

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.19 0.36 0.47

0.02 0.01 0.02

14.38 16.03 17.16

2.81 2.84 3.25

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

23.52 24.16 43.56

6.09 5.12 6.63

2.10 3.92 1.80

1.10 2.29 3.67

1.45 1.12 1.06

0.03 0.02 0.05

0.11 0.11 0.20

0.06 0.07 0.09

0.05 0.05 0.08

0.18 0.23 0.34

0.50 0.38 0.35

0.04 0.04 0.07

29.07 30.87 48.32

11.99 12.44 18.58

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

1.57 1.41 1.54

1.48 1.48 1.57

1.11 0.98 1.06

0.15 0.15 0.14

0.31 0.20 0.26

0.00 0.00 0.01

0.06 0.08 0.20

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.03 0.04 0.05

0.13 0.08 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

3.86 3.39 3.81

2.73 2.69 3.02

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

16.00 16.70 35.23

2.56 1.51 2.65

0.28 2.45 0.19

0.78 1.94 3.26

0.81 0.62 0.48

0.01 0.00 0.02

0.00 0.01 0.00

0.01 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.14 0.18 0.27

0.30 0.23 0.19

0.03 0.02 0.05

17.68 20.26 36.34

6.73 7.15 12.48

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

5.96 6.05 6.79

2.06 2.13 2.41

0.71 0.49 0.55

0.17 0.19 0.26

0.33 0.30 0.32

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.04 0.02 0.01

0.03 0.03 0.05

0.01 0.01 0.05

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.07 0.07 0.12

0.01 0.02 0.02

7.54 7.21 8.17

2.53 2.60 3.08

1998 1999 2000

126.33 144.70 158.77

119.19 127.21 134.82

5.35 6.16 7.33

16.31 17.84 19.22

1.00 1.03 1.13

9.34 10.03 11.05

0.64 0.73 1.26

4.91 5.74 7.27

0.51 0.66 0.76

4.72 5.93 7.52

0.38 0.44 0.51

2.12 2.31 3.34

140.24 159.03 175.64

169.70 183.52 200.75

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

3.00 2.76 3.07

2.48 2.49 2.82

0.05 0.05 0.05

0.78 0.66 0.76

0.01 0.00 0.01

0.35 0.24 0.28

0.00 0.00 0.01

0.04 0.03 0.11

0.02 0.01 0.02

0.08 0.08 0.09

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.12 0.10 0.19

3.13 2.89 3.22

4.74 4.25 5.26

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

9.88 10.49 12.11

13.08 14.19 15.42

0.59 0.64 0.62

2.56 2.78 3.07

0.18 0.17 0.21

0.22 0.24 0.23

0.25 0.32 0.51

0.12 0.12 0.14

0.05 0.06 0.08

0.07 0.08 0.09

0.20 0.16 0.18

0.05 0.05 0.06

12.18 12.86 14.80

16.88 18.35 20.06

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

19.50 21.54 23.12

11.81 12.93 14.64

0.82 1.11 1.07

1.52 1.62 1.81

0.32 0.35 0.32

0.44 0.42 0.50

0.05 0.04 0.04

0.44 0.50 0.64

0.03 0.06 0.05

0.17 0.22 0.27

0.02 0.04 0.05

0.16 0.17 0.19

21.70 24.01 25.62

15.50 16.90 19.26

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

79.75 93.93 101.69

75.46 80.17 83.73

3.19 3.57 4.66

9.02 10.23 10.87

0.29 0.33 0.38

7.35 8.09 8.98

0.31 0.34 0.65

1.36 1.70 2.33

0.37 0.50 0.56

3.76 4.76 6.21

0.12 0.21 0.26

1.36 1.54 2.40

87.39 101.71 111.44

105.32 114.85 124.84

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

2.23 2.23 2.81

2.51 2.62 2.75

0.38 0.38 0.43

0.84 1.07 0.87

0.02 0.02 0.01

0.07 0.15 0.07

0.02 0.08 0.07

0.02 0.03 0.03

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.07 0.09 0.10

0.00 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.02 0.03

2.81 2.93 3.58

3.68 4.18 4.07

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

9.00 9.32 9.95

14.45 14.26 15.12

0.66 0.64 0.73

3.36 3.67 3.77

0.06 0.06 0.06

1.37 1.21 1.39

0.06 0.05 0.11

0.18 0.19 0.26

0.08 0.11 0.09

0.22 0.26 0.30

0.02 0.04 0.03

0.18 0.20 0.23

10.70 10.83 11.63

20.55 20.63 22.09

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

10.74 11.89 17.62

11.93 11.97 13.93

0.89 0.89 1.52

1.13 1.39 2.02

0.09 0.07 0.13

2.37 2.50 2.83

0.10 0.06 0.06

0.68 0.89 1.29

0.08 0.07 0.09

0.95 1.36 1.92

0.06 0.07 0.11

0.71 0.82 1.18

13.00 14.04 20.63

22.70 24.88 30.42

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

3.56 3.90 4.51

6.16 6.91 7.66

0.17 0.20 0.21

0.60 0.72 0.82

0.04 0.03 0.02

0.39 0.42 0.60

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.39 0.49 0.61

0.02 0.03 0.03

0.92 1.08 1.12

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.10 0.15 0.15

4.06 4.40 5.02

9.09 10.43 11.81

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

47.66 59.34 59.19

33.81 37.81 37.57

0.29 0.33 0.25

1.48 1.58 1.67

0.07 0.12 0.11

2.70 3.25 3.49

0.01 0.10 0.29

0.03 0.05 0.06

0.16 0.25 0.31

1.51 1.86 2.59

0.01 0.06 0.08

0.19 0.34 0.51

48.74 60.53 60.66

40.04 45.25 46.28

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

6.56 7.24 7.61

6.59 6.59 6.69

0.80 1.13 1.52

1.61 1.79 1.72

0.01 0.04 0.06

0.46 0.55 0.59

0.11 0.03 0.10

0.05 0.05 0.07

0.02 0.03 0.04

0.10 0.12 0.18

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.17 0.02 0.28

8.08 8.98 9.93

9.26 9.47 10.18

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

1.68 1.83 2.01

2.64 2.61 2.66

0.10 0.09 0.08

0.37 0.36 0.35

0.01 0.00 0.01

0.05 0.04 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.18 0.20 0.25

0.02 0.02 0.01

0.08 0.08 0.09

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.12 0.12 0.13

1.92 2.03 2.21

4.03 4.00 4.13

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

1.61 1.80 2.00

0.63 0.56 0.55

0.05 0.04 0.04

0.23 0.22 0.22

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.68 0.74 0.92

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.09 0.11 0.14

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.17 0.18 0.21

1.71 1.88 2.08

3.27 3.28 3.69

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

10.92 12.34 14.77

13.09 14.27 15.00

0.56 0.65 0.81

1.84 1.97 2.13

0.18 0.16 0.19

0.93 0.99 1.02

0.02 0.02 0.05

2.09 2.44 2.89

0.02 0.01 0.04

0.48 0.60 0.64

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.14 0.15 0.16

12.21 13.65 16.30

19.95 21.90 23.50

1998 1999 2000

181.85 205.02 241.59

137.31 144.43 154.50

10.93 13.37 12.72

19.19 22.04 24.82

5.81 5.65 6.06

9.44 10.12 11.18

1.68 1.79 2.50

5.16 6.00 7.59

0.98 1.10 1.37

5.17 6.42 8.14

1.22 1.34 1.50

2.24 2.41 3.47

214.61 238.78 277.11

201.37 215.55 240.09

Total merchandise a

imp

China

19.48 21.16 21.85

Manufactures

exp

Japan

1998 1999 2000

Agricultural products

imp

EU (15)

Appendix tables

United States

a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: Imports are valued f.o.b. For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

193

Table A12

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - United States (Billion dollars) C./E. Europe/ North America

Latin America

Western Europe

exp

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

1998 1999 2000

10.39 10.60 11.46

19.27 20.96 21.71

13.10 11.78 12.62

17.81 18.32 17.68

13.39 10.96 11.28

10.96 11.97 11.78

1.81 1.21 1.10

0.63 0.72 0.71

2.44 2.46 2.53

Food

1998 1999 2000

7.94 8.12 8.56

9.52 10.08 10.98

10.02 9.34 9.62

15.60 15.86 15.26

9.79 7.83 7.43

9.64 10.60 10.49

1.76 1.15 1.03

0.56 0.64 0.62

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

2.45 2.48 2.89

9.75 10.88 10.73

3.08 2.44 3.00

2.21 2.46 2.42

3.60 3.13 3.86

1.32 1.38 1.29

0.05 0.06 0.07

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

6.25 6.13 7.15

22.77 25.16 42.68

5.59 5.55 8.38

23.14 29.21 46.55

5.35 4.31 5.03

8.20 10.31 17.62

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

1.54 1.57 1.65

1.66 1.49 1.54

0.59 0.50 0.57

1.77 1.54 1.27

1.42 1.30 1.43

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

2.48 2.26 2.82

15.16 17.64 34.22

3.33 3.47 6.14

19.03 25.00 41.93

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

2.22 2.31 2.68

5.95 6.03 6.92

1.67 1.58 1.67

1998 1999 2000

133.15 143.24 155.30

123.29 140.43 156.36

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

2.81 2.77 3.18

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

Other semimanufactures Machinery and transport equipment

Appendix tables

exp

imp

Asia exp

1.21 1.11 1.12

2.39 2.34 2.57

0.21 0.23 0.21

26.01 26.21 29.01

12.30 12.83 13.49

2.21 2.26 2.32

1.03 0.93 0.91

2.21 2.16 2.34

0.18 0.17 0.18

20.10 20.74 22.33

9.54 10.36 10.94

0.07 0.08 0.09

0.23 0.20 0.21

0.19 0.18 0.21

0.18 0.18 0.23

0.03 0.06 0.03

5.91 5.47 6.68

2.76 2.47 2.55

0.19 0.06 0.11

3.09 4.29 6.02

0.35 0.32 0.46

12.54 13.23 23.25

0.34 0.35 0.36

9.63 14.61 23.97

4.88 5.28 6.31

5.25 5.51 7.52

0.61 0.70 0.69

0.05 0.01 0.02

0.08 0.11 0.08

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.64 0.65 0.53

0.03 0.03 0.04

0.04 0.03 0.04

1.63 1.74 2.41

1.24 1.01 1.24

1.94 1.66 1.85

4.80 6.88 12.81

0.12 0.05 0.08

0.40 1.01 1.64

0.24 0.18 0.23

10.73 11.38 20.94

0.16 0.16 0.16

9.46 14.42 23.69

1.80 2.15 2.11

2.57 2.94 4.53

2.34 2.67 3.35

1.99 1.36 1.75

2.79 2.73 4.10

0.01 0.01 0.02

2.62 3.17 4.30

0.07 0.10 0.19

1.17 1.20 1.79

0.15 0.16 0.16

0.13 0.17 0.25

1.46 1.39 1.80

1.44 1.56 1.75

116.62 117.48 141.34

102.55 117.58 142.45

134.87 140.39 153.64

167.85 183.75 204.75

5.18 4.06 4.35

7.47 6.86 9.62

7.67 6.47 7.28

3.07 3.23 3.78

19.39 16.88 15.04

9.86 10.96 15.01

141.15 146.79 173.20

343.46 380.02 437.12

2.86 2.68 2.92

1.67 1.41 1.63

3.13 3.05 3.40

0.56 0.50 0.71

5.17 4.36 4.96

0.02 0.02 0.04

2.45 1.23 1.64

0.25 0.18 0.06

0.59 0.49 0.55

0.15 0.07 0.06

0.03 0.02 0.05

0.58 0.50 0.63

6.49 4.52 4.88

13.71 14.84 16.20

9.80 10.34 11.95

14.94 14.47 17.18

3.40 3.76 4.52

20.42 20.99 24.30

29.37 35.04 41.56

0.43 0.29 0.50

1.14 1.18 2.16

0.87 0.76 0.90

0.29 0.27 0.34

0.95 1.01 1.10

1.34 1.29 1.79

17.98 19.63 22.10

11.10 12.20 13.68

1998 1999 2000

12.62 13.90 16.08

19.24 21.26 22.87

9.90 10.27 12.37

6.16 7.23 8.10

7.10 6.89 7.44

15.47 16.19 17.34

0.19 0.22 0.22

0.52 0.65 0.73

0.38 0.35 0.39

0.48 0.56 0.63

1.69 1.70 2.03

3.83 4.62 5.90

7.10 6.95 7.94

21.14 24.35 26.18

1998 1999 2000

85.47 91.84 98.76

77.92 91.02 100.66

68.30 68.83 83.48

59.70 70.57 88.90

84.51 89.45 95.30

86.50 93.95 102.65

3.84 2.96 2.99

2.06 2.46 3.31

5.46 4.55 5.29

0.32 0.50 0.57

14.88 12.47 10.20

2.18 2.30 3.95

95.61 99.19 117.49

202.93 228.40 270.85

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

2.67 2.89 2.94

2.04 2.13 2.78

2.87 3.05 3.08

1.79 2.08 2.34

8.19 8.67 9.36

9.08 9.89 10.21

0.07 0.06 0.07

0.07 0.11 0.19

0.32 0.21 0.20

0.01 0.00 0.00

0.75 0.81 0.57

0.25 0.15 0.15

4.27 4.30 4.47

2.21 2.59 3.00

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

16.23 16.01 17.25

8.28 8.58 9.35

15.25 13.39 14.93

4.67 5.24 6.09

13.65 13.63 16.06

26.39 25.83 26.42

1.08 0.77 0.95

0.52 0.43 0.47

2.05 1.39 1.52

0.09 0.13 0.17

2.44 2.14 1.95

0.35 0.32 0.40

14.69 15.24 21.37

21.06 21.06 24.32

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

17.92 19.01 22.79

9.47 10.46 16.27

21.22 23.65 30.22

18.58 22.67 29.86

27.43 28.90 33.37

11.46 12.39 14.71

0.91 0.80 0.89

0.93 1.28 1.57

0.73 0.75 0.77

0.11 0.15 0.18

1.86 2.03 2.25

0.88 1.09 2.11

43.81 50.53 63.16

114.47 128.80 154.04

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

7.46 8.45 9.70

3.38 3.76 4.33

11.69 12.44 15.41

12.54 14.00 16.58

7.69 7.74 9.28

7.30 8.03 9.13

0.20 0.19 0.29

0.25 0.30 0.49

0.23 0.25 0.24

0.01 0.01 0.05

0.74 0.67 0.79

0.43 0.42 0.93

6.92 7.53 9.53

19.56 21.87 26.75

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

34.53 38.60 39.07

48.43 59.37 60.19

12.13 11.35 15.41

19.62 22.97 29.94

7.03 7.02 6.57

23.26 27.47 29.36

0.29 0.21 0.16

0.17 0.22 0.40

0.53 0.37 0.40

0.08 0.12 0.15

1.81 1.16 1.45

0.02 0.02 0.03

4.74 4.20 4.84

38.26 45.55 52.65

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

6.67 6.88 7.01

6.32 6.71 7.74

5.12 4.95 4.43

2.51 3.62 4.07

20.52 23.49 20.66

9.02 10.34 12.81

1.30 0.93 0.64

0.11 0.12 0.21

1.60 1.59 2.16

0.02 0.08 0.03

7.28 5.67 3.20

0.26 0.29 0.33

21.17 17.38 14.11

7.37 8.53 10.07

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

2.79 2.77 2.85

1.63 1.78 1.97

3.22 3.97 5.19

1.57 1.70 2.01

1.60 1.29 1.39

3.00 3.10 3.28

0.08 0.06 0.05

0.19 0.19 0.19

0.07 0.07 0.07

0.16 0.14 0.17

0.26 0.20 0.14

0.21 0.24 0.41

1.19 1.14 1.27

6.70 7.15 7.68

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

0.78 0.75 0.76

1.57 1.76 1.97

6.71 6.41 6.79

16.13 17.82 20.06

0.52 0.41 0.38

3.55 3.54 3.93

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.62 0.56 0.81

0.02 0.01 0.02

1.06 1.09 1.32

0.09 0.07 0.06

1.06 1.21 1.47

0.65 0.61 0.63

31.72 32.81 36.83

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

14.98 16.36 17.48

10.26 11.59 14.00

11.87 12.11 14.69

12.46 13.45 15.47

20.16 20.86 24.13

24.79 27.59 31.02

0.59 0.50 0.53

0.49 0.60 0.78

0.61 0.56 0.56

0.18 0.19 0.21

1.37 1.37 1.45

1.20 1.28 1.45

18.04 18.77 23.13

63.37 70.59 77.02

1998 1999 2000

154.56 164.25 179.35

177.94 201.48 238.41

141.70 141.60 170.03

149.83 172.84 216.04

163.18 165.85 181.44

198.10 219.40 248.45

7.47 5.66 5.94

11.45 12.22 16.62

11.15 9.91 10.96

17.02 17.96 28.53

23.78 21.12 19.19

20.36 26.80 40.25

178.19 184.03 214.60

369.65 408.52 469.31

Total merchandise a

imp

Middle East imp

Manufactures

exp

Africa

exp

Agricultural products

194

Baltic States/CIS

imp

Table A12 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - United States (Billion dollars) EU (15)

Mexico

imp

exp

imp

imp

exp

1998 1999 2000

10.30 10.52 11.38

19.26 20.94 21.68

12.07 9.93 10.02

9.95 10.87 10.81

7.04 6.58 7.61

5.94 6.23 6.52

13.80 13.99 14.74

0.63 0.69 0.67

1.68 1.27 2.37

Food

1998 1999 2000

7.86 8.05 8.49

9.51 10.06 10.96

8.76 6.95 6.53

8.69 9.56 9.57

5.20 5.08 5.75

5.51 5.78 6.06

11.32 11.72 12.37

0.43 0.48 0.46

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

2.44 2.48 2.89

9.75 10.88 10.73

3.31 2.98 3.49

1.26 1.31 1.23

1.84 1.51 1.86

0.43 0.45 0.46

2.48 2.27 2.37

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

6.21 6.11 7.13

22.77 25.16 42.68

4.95 4.08 4.71

6.26 7.33 12.68

3.34 3.81 6.09

7.06 8.72 14.64

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

1.54 1.57 1.65

1.66 1.49 1.54

1.36 1.28 1.39

0.53 0.63 0.63

0.41 0.37 0.44

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

2.45 2.24 2.81

15.16 17.64 34.22

1.81 1.54 1.70

3.40 4.46 8.63

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

2.22 2.31 2.68

5.95 6.03 6.92

1.79 1.26 1.62

1998 1999 2000

132.92 143.05 155.03

123.29 140.43 156.35

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

2.80 2.77 3.18

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

Other semimanufactures Machinery and transport equipment

imp

World b

imp

exp

1.18 1.36 1.50

2.69 3.24 3.53

0.33 0.33 0.38

69.85 65.94 70.87

62.40 66.14 66.70

1.11 0.77 1.51

0.84 0.98 1.09

1.74 2.24 2.24

0.15 0.18 0.20

54.33 51.97 53.92

46.07 48.64 49.37

0.19 0.21 0.21

0.57 0.50 0.86

0.34 0.38 0.40

0.95 1.00 1.29

0.18 0.15 0.19

15.52 13.97 16.95

16.33 17.50 17.33

1.82 1.86 2.20

0.82 0.90 1.04

0.46 0.58 1.03

0.98 0.84 1.30

0.82 1.06 1.12

0.36 0.49 0.87

22.95 22.01 27.80

84.63 102.33 167.61

0.50 0.42 0.36

0.54 0.53 0.66

0.04 0.04 0.08

0.21 0.32 0.68

0.25 0.19 0.23

0.32 0.40 0.51

0.02 0.02 0.03

5.30 5.17 6.15

6.04 5.53 5.39

1.77 2.27 4.30

5.53 7.42 13.21

0.73 0.76 0.84

0.28 0.35 0.38

0.13 0.12 0.06

0.44 0.28 0.75

0.32 0.49 0.35

0.22 0.33 0.65

10.07 9.93 13.38

62.15 79.27 139.78

2.33 2.24 3.42

1.16 1.17 1.35

1.02 0.88 1.07

0.56 0.57 0.69

0.50 0.50 0.59

0.12 0.14 0.29

0.29 0.37 0.32

0.18 0.18 0.25

0.12 0.14 0.19

7.57 6.91 8.27

16.44 17.53 22.45

125.21 131.03 142.90

156.24 170.90 190.50

64.98 72.53 92.64

79.05 91.23 113.12

40.64 40.03 46.35

120.56 129.23 145.36

11.91 11.06 12.56

72.18 84.63 99.28

12.41 17.99 22.55

23.61 31.03 39.66

558.11 575.33 650.16

757.56 842.84 969.11

2.86 2.68 2.92

0.51 0.45 0.62

4.74 3.99 4.53

1.17 1.15 1.30

1.31 1.26 1.31

0.10 0.12 0.16

3.45 1.77 1.41

0.06 0.07 0.07

0.45 0.41 0.65

0.05 0.05 0.07

1.35 1.06 1.05

6.03 5.45 6.32

20.73 16.36 18.40

13.69 14.82 16.17

9.80 10.34 11.95

19.05 19.18 22.29

26.93 32.28 38.79

6.88 7.19 8.83

1.54 1.65 1.84

5.55 5.79 6.50

6.28 6.76 7.46

1.97 2.09 2.26

1.53 1.80 1.87

1.65 2.15 2.74

0.77 0.82 0.90

69.30 71.98 82.27

56.44 64.07 76.01

1998 1999 2000

12.60 13.87 16.05

19.24 21.26 22.87

6.61 6.27 6.81

14.32 14.94 16.03

6.50 7.21 9.25

4.10 4.70 5.44

2.16 2.02 2.37

5.19 5.46 5.74

0.60 0.60 0.79

5.27 6.72 7.78

0.43 0.56 0.64

1.38 1.66 1.70

39.00 40.29 46.47

66.85 74.84 81.75

1998 1999 2000

85.34 91.76 98.66

77.92 91.02 100.65

79.34 84.70 89.77

82.94 89.91 98.17

38.84 43.77 57.18

54.96 64.21 82.06

24.76 24.12 27.68

92.84 101.65 115.52

8.24 7.15 8.09

22.43 27.74 36.06

9.03 13.56 16.87

15.26 22.14 30.44

358.17 369.30 413.52

431.61 489.19 570.88

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

2.67 2.89 2.94

2.04 2.13 2.78

7.63 8.19 8.88

8.80 9.58 9.76

1.27 1.40 1.55

1.61 1.88 2.19

1.14 1.19 1.46

1.11 1.45 1.67

0.50 0.46 0.24

0.32 0.37 0.46

0.45 0.55 0.44

0.20 0.32 0.42

19.13 19.99 20.68

15.44 16.96 18.67

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

16.21 15.98 17.23

8.28 8.58 9.35

12.78 12.81 15.25

24.57 23.89 24.42

6.72 7.30 8.34

3.76 4.32 5.14

2.88 3.08 4.46

14.38 13.60 15.98

1.40 1.33 1.82

1.83 2.33 2.59

1.36 1.93 3.21

1.21 1.38 1.65

65.40 62.57 74.03

61.37 61.59 67.22

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

17.87 18.98 22.75

9.47 10.46 16.27

26.18 27.62 32.06

10.85 11.58 13.76

11.45 14.18 19.55

17.61 20.65 27.96

10.40 10.47 13.01

30.74 33.13 37.38

2.05 2.23 3.23

13.82 17.12 22.41

4.85 8.27 9.87

10.46 15.33 20.89

113.89 125.66 153.45

155.91 176.84 218.73

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

7.44 8.44 9.69

3.38 3.76 4.33

7.34 7.38 8.91

6.82 7.47 8.48

9.01 9.99 12.76

11.83 13.21 15.60

1.97 2.05 2.32

6.77 7.28 8.89

0.48 0.55 0.82

5.45 6.67 8.48

0.46 0.73 0.93

1.14 1.40 1.72

34.92 37.27 45.24

43.46 48.39 58.27

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

34.52 38.60 39.07

48.43 59.37 60.19

6.80 6.84 6.35

23.06 27.26 29.17

8.81 9.39 13.26

18.89 22.15 29.01

2.63 2.12 2.59

34.57 39.99 44.77

0.16 0.22 0.21

0.32 0.43 0.58

0.28 0.40 0.38

2.05 3.45 5.49

61.06 62.92 67.90

129.83 155.72 172.72

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

6.63 6.87 6.99

6.32 6.71 7.74

18.61 21.85 18.32

8.84 10.13 12.58

1.57 1.51 1.73

1.26 2.00 2.16

5.74 5.21 3.83

5.27 6.20 6.84

3.64 2.37 1.77

0.69 0.82 1.55

1.64 1.68 2.04

0.20 0.25 0.26

63.76 60.89 52.22

25.60 29.69 35.26

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

2.78 2.77 2.84

1.63 1.78 1.97

1.51 1.21 1.32

2.57 2.60 2.73

1.96 2.88 3.78

1.21 1.34 1.60

0.25 0.23 0.28

0.59 0.59 0.62

0.08 0.09 0.12

1.51 1.69 1.89

0.13 0.14 0.15

0.87 0.91 0.95

9.22 9.51 10.95

13.46 14.30 15.71

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

0.78 0.75 0.75

1.57 1.76 1.97

0.48 0.38 0.36

2.54 2.48 2.64

2.65 2.55 2.45

6.87 7.91 9.02

0.49 0.45 0.46

0.09 0.10 0.11

0.01 0.01 0.01

7.44 7.74 8.76

0.01 0.01 0.02

2.13 2.38 2.54

8.79 8.27 8.65

55.72 58.78 66.40

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

14.93 16.31 17.38

10.26 11.59 14.00

17.70 18.85 21.75

22.20 24.69 27.63

6.98 7.78 9.84

9.06 10.15 11.84

7.35 7.30 8.90

12.12 12.90 14.50

0.95 1.05 1.23

33.55 38.54 42.28

1.11 1.53 2.06

1.86 2.05 2.08

67.61 70.52 81.98

112.75 125.29 139.95

1998 1999 2000

154.15 163.90 178.92

177.92 201.43 238.34

149.81 151.96 165.22

182.03 201.10 227.21

79.00 87.04 111.34

96.07 111.07 140.35

57.88 57.48 64.92

125.09 134.87 151.26

14.26 13.12 16.18

75.09 87.78 103.27

16.54 22.95 27.83

24.80 32.47 41.62

680.43 692.78 781.83

944.35 1059.22 1257.63

Total merchandise a

exp

Korea, Rep. of exp

Manufactures

imp

China

exp Agricultural products

exp

Japan

imp

Appendix tables

Canada

a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

195

Table A13

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Brazil (Billion dollars) C./E. Europe/

Agricultural products

Appendix tables

Latin America

Western Europe

exp

exp

exp

imp

imp

imp

Baltic States/CIS exp

imp

Africa

Middle East

exp

imp

exp

imp

Asia exp

imp

1998 1999 2000

1.93 2.15 2.04

0.94 0.58 0.59

1.70 1.24 1.39

4.42 3.20 3.22

7.63 7.19 7.21

1.07 0.79 0.80

0.88 0.99 0.65

0.09 0.04 0.07

0.92 0.69 0.55

0.18 0.20 0.17

1.17 1.09 0.87

0.01 0.02 0.02

2.73 2.57 2.67

0.43 0.28 0.30

Food

1998 1999 2000

1.42 1.54 1.32

0.59 0.32 0.23

1.50 1.04 1.20

4.05 2.87 2.92

6.83 6.32 6.07

0.93 0.64 0.63

0.88 0.99 0.65

0.03 0.01 0.03

0.89 0.66 0.52

0.01 0.06 0.06

1.17 1.09 0.87

0.01 0.01 0.01

2.34 2.09 2.10

0.26 0.15 0.13

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

0.51 0.61 0.72

0.35 0.26 0.36

0.20 0.20 0.19

0.37 0.32 0.30

0.79 0.86 1.14

0.14 0.14 0.17

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.06 0.03 0.04

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.17 0.14 0.11

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.39 0.48 0.57

0.17 0.13 0.17

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

0.66 0.80 1.20

1.06 0.88 0.79

0.66 0.60 0.80

2.36 2.52 4.32

2.33 1.95 2.36

0.66 0.58 0.74

0.12 0.07 0.07

0.06 0.11 0.30

0.14 0.13 0.19

1.55 2.00 2.67

0.15 0.17 0.20

1.01 0.88 1.19

1.41 1.56 1.66

0.42 0.34 0.67

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

0.34 0.28 0.31

0.09 0.08 0.11

0.35 0.30 0.35

0.27 0.34 0.38

1.66 1.39 1.57

0.05 0.04 0.05

0.11 0.07 0.07

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.12 0.12 0.15

0.04 0.02 0.05

0.13 0.14 0.18

0.03 0.02 0.04

1.11 1.07 1.19

0.02 0.02 0.03

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

0.21 0.25 0.53

0.66 0.54 0.49

0.11 0.13 0.24

1.68 1.85 3.48

0.02 0.02 0.07

0.37 0.30 0.42

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.02 0.05 0.19

0.00 0.00 0.02

1.48 1.93 2.56

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.99 0.85 1.16

0.00 0.00 0.05

0.36 0.27 0.57

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

0.12 0.26 0.36

0.31 0.25 0.19

0.19 0.17 0.21

0.41 0.33 0.46

0.64 0.54 0.73

0.24 0.23 0.27

0.00 0.00 0.01

0.03 0.05 0.10

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.04 0.05 0.06

0.02 0.03 0.02

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.30 0.49 0.43

0.04 0.05 0.07

1998 1999 2000

7.47 8.05 10.46

13.78 12.01 13.46

11.92 9.60 11.65

6.39 4.38 4.96

5.44 5.17 6.25

17.08 15.28 14.38

0.16 0.14 0.25

0.58 0.51 0.78

0.59 0.51 0.60

0.22 0.14 0.23

0.24 0.18 0.21

0.30 0.23 0.35

1.68 1.86 2.36

7.99 6.62 8.64

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

1.29 1.20 1.41

0.12 0.08 0.09

0.99 0.61 0.67

0.15 0.12 0.15

0.73 0.55 0.77

0.38 0.24 0.24

0.01 0.00 0.00

0.08 0.04 0.07

0.03 0.06 0.06

0.02 0.01 0.03

0.04 0.03 0.03

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.58 0.65 0.70

0.20 0.08 0.09

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

0.44 0.48 0.66

3.54 3.31 3.40

1.64 1.49 1.70

1.17 1.17 1.33

0.67 0.55 0.65

3.86 3.81 3.86

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.35 0.35 0.56

0.08 0.09 0.10

0.12 0.09 0.15

0.02 0.03 0.03

0.17 0.17 0.23

0.33 0.36 0.41

0.75 0.76 0.96

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

0.90 1.11 1.17

1.04 0.78 0.87

1.71 1.52 1.77

0.56 0.40 0.48

1.14 1.12 1.20

1.38 1.06 1.12

0.03 0.02 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.14 0.13 0.13

0.02 0.01 0.02

0.08 0.07 0.06

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.34 0.39 0.44

0.53 0.41 0.48

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

3.42 3.77 5.37

7.67 6.69 7.83

6.20 4.68 6.01

3.75 2.15 2.43

2.24 2.28 2.93

10.03 8.98 7.94

0.09 0.09 0.20

0.12 0.10 0.12

0.31 0.22 0.29

0.05 0.01 0.02

0.08 0.05 0.07

0.09 0.04 0.10

0.26 0.29 0.65

4.97 4.24 5.73

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

0.19 0.16 0.22

0.74 0.84 0.86

0.10 0.06 0.08

0.05 0.02 0.02

0.07 0.06 0.05

0.53 0.45 0.29

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.08 0.07 0.07

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

0.80 0.79 0.84

1.94 1.42 1.44

1.35 0.97 1.01

0.28 0.22 0.24

0.45 0.44 0.49

4.28 3.70 3.10

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.09 0.07 0.10

0.01 0.01 0.00

0.03 0.02 0.05

0.02 0.01 0.02

0.12 0.12 0.15

1.06 0.79 0.85

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

0.48 0.51 0.91

2.73 2.71 3.49

0.47 0.68 1.16

0.20 0.12 0.16

0.09 0.10 0.14

1.14 1.03 1.24

0.00 0.02 0.03

0.01 0.02 0.04

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.04 0.02 0.07

0.02 0.03 0.13

2.08 2.02 2.90

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

0.11 0.12 0.23

1.04 0.89 1.05

0.47 0.44 0.51

0.19 0.11 0.18

0.08 0.08 0.09

1.10 1.05 0.87

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.03 0.01 0.01

0.03 0.05 0.04

0.81 0.71 1.09

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

0.49 0.58 0.80

0.67 0.34 0.40

3.40 2.18 2.91

2.94 1.60 1.73

1.05 0.93 0.74

1.98 1.65 1.45

0.06 0.01 0.01

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.15 0.11 0.15

0.01 0.00 0.00

0.03 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.04 0.04 0.06

0.72 0.49 0.61

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

1.35 1.62 2.38

0.55 0.51 0.60

0.42 0.35 0.34

0.09 0.08 0.09

0.50 0.67 1.41

0.99 1.09 1.00

0.01 0.04 0.16

0.01 0.00 0.00

0.04 0.02 0.01

0.02 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.03 0.04 0.23

0.23 0.17 0.22

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

0.16 0.18 0.21

0.16 0.15 0.18

0.53 0.46 0.50

0.28 0.23 0.26

0.13 0.12 0.12

0.22 0.17 0.20

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.01 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.00 0.01

0.05 0.06 0.06

0.38 0.32 0.44

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

0.04 0.04 0.10

0.03 0.01 0.01

0.11 0.10 0.14

0.09 0.04 0.03

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.04 0.03 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.21 0.12 0.11

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

1.22 1.27 1.54

1.22 0.99 1.08

0.74 0.73 0.87

0.39 0.26 0.28

0.50 0.51 0.55

1.16 0.99 0.98

0.03 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.00 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.11 0.11 0.11

0.95 0.69 0.82

1998 1999 2000

10.43 11.38 14.11

15.78 13.47 14.84

14.32 11.46 13.88

13.17 10.09 12.50

15.51 14.39 15.93

18.82 16.67 15.99

1.16 1.20 0.97

0.73 0.66 1.15

1.65 1.33 1.35

1.96 2.35 3.07

1.57 1.45 1.30

1.33 1.13 1.56

5.82 6.00 6.70

8.85 7.24 9.61

Manufactures

Total merchandise a

196

North America

Table A13 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Brazil (Billion dollars)

exp Agricultural products

United States

imp

exp

imp

Argentina exp

imp

Japan exp

Mexico imp

China

World b

exp

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

1998 1999 2000

7.36 6.91 6.85

0.82 0.62 0.65

1.80 2.00 1.90

0.75 0.48 0.50

0.53 0.47 0.51

3.01 2.32 2.26

0.94 0.92 0.90

0.02 0.01 0.02

0.08 0.07 0.10

0.06 0.05 0.04

0.57 0.29 0.53

0.04 0.04 0.03

17.06 15.98 15.47

7.15 5.13 5.16

Food

1998 1999 2000

6.59 6.09 5.78

0.68 0.48 0.48

1.30 1.40 1.20

0.42 0.24 0.15

0.45 0.39 0.44

2.80 2.13 2.12

0.74 0.71 0.64

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.07 0.05 0.08

0.05 0.04 0.03

0.55 0.23 0.44

0.03 0.03 0.02

15.14 13.80 12.81

5.87 4.08 3.99

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

0.77 0.83 1.07

0.13 0.14 0.16

0.50 0.60 0.71

0.33 0.25 0.35

0.08 0.08 0.07

0.21 0.19 0.14

0.20 0.21 0.27

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.01 0.00 0.01

0.03 0.06 0.09

0.01 0.01 0.01

1.92 2.18 2.66

1.28 1.05 1.17

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

2.19 1.80 2.09

0.59 0.52 0.57

0.58 0.74 1.14

0.84 0.70 0.62

0.36 0.29 0.39

0.82 0.80 1.66

0.81 0.85 0.88

0.05 0.04 0.06

0.06 0.07 0.07

0.17 0.03 0.06

0.20 0.25 0.32

0.11 0.06 0.11

5.47 5.29 6.50

7.18 7.34 10.68

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

1.53 1.27 1.43

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.27 0.24 0.25

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.23 0.16 0.22

0.04 0.06 0.04

0.53 0.46 0.49

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.06 0.06 0.05

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.20 0.25 0.29

0.00 0.00 0.01

3.84 3.38 3.82

0.51 0.54 0.66

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

0.02 0.02 0.07

0.32 0.26 0.26

0.20 0.25 0.53

0.52 0.42 0.41

0.01 0.03 0.06

0.76 0.73 1.59

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.03 0.02 0.03

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.16 0.02 0.05

0.00 0.00 0.04

0.11 0.05 0.09

0.35 0.40 0.91

5.62 5.85 8.87

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

0.63 0.51 0.60

0.23 0.22 0.27

0.12 0.26 0.36

0.29 0.24 0.18

0.12 0.10 0.11

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.28 0.39 0.39

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.01 0.01

1.28 1.50 1.77

1.06 0.96 1.15

1998 1999 2000

5.14 4.97 5.82

16.12 14.42 13.42

7.14 7.75 10.09

12.72 11.23 12.53

5.85 4.60 5.32

4.59 2.99 3.28

0.45 0.42 0.69

3.36 2.65 3.03

0.86 0.93 1.54

0.82 0.59 0.70

0.13 0.14 0.23

0.98 0.85 1.21

27.51 25.51 31.80

46.45 39.24 43.00

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

0.67 0.54 0.71

0.37 0.23 0.22

1.15 1.10 1.28

0.11 0.07 0.09

0.30 0.23 0.21

0.09 0.09 0.07

0.13 0.13 0.14

0.14 0.05 0.04

0.17 0.13 0.13

0.02 0.01 0.05

0.02 0.03 0.04

0.01 0.00 0.01

3.67 3.10 3.64

0.96 0.57 0.68

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

0.60 0.50 0.61

3.37 3.37 3.38

0.42 0.47 0.64

3.31 3.07 3.15

0.89 0.77 0.86

0.57 0.59 0.70

0.17 0.14 0.14

0.29 0.28 0.29

0.07 0.07 0.08

0.30 0.29 0.25

0.01 0.02 0.05

0.14 0.15 0.22

3.19 3.02 3.57

10.05 9.70 10.56

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

1.10 1.09 1.17

1.34 1.02 1.08

0.86 1.06 1.12

0.86 0.62 0.65

0.73 0.65 0.72

0.33 0.23 0.26

0.05 0.04 0.05

0.16 0.14 0.17

0.07 0.07 0.09

0.05 0.02 0.02

0.02 0.04 0.04

0.07 0.04 0.06

4.35 4.35 4.77

3.56 2.68 2.99

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

2.14 2.22 2.66

9.69 8.67 7.60

3.36 3.69 5.28

7.07 6.34 7.41

3.31 2.33 2.80

3.20 1.79 1.92

0.05 0.04 0.29

2.48 1.95 2.26

0.48 0.61 1.18

0.38 0.22 0.33

0.04 0.03 0.09

0.38 0.40 0.61

12.60 11.39 15.53

26.70 22.24 24.27

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

0.07 0.06 0.05

0.52 0.45 0.28

0.18 0.15 0.20

0.71 0.81 0.85

0.03 0.02 0.03

0.03 0.01 0.02

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.04 0.03 0.03

0.00 0.00 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.01

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.41 0.32 0.41

1.41 1.38 1.25

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

0.42 0.41 0.44

4.03 3.49 2.89

0.77 0.76 0.80

1.84 1.35 1.38

0.57 0.39 0.38

0.22 0.18 0.21

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.79 0.57 0.54

0.10 0.10 0.15

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.05 0.06 0.06

2.85 2.41 2.64

7.64 6.18 5.68

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

0.09 0.10 0.14

1.12 1.00 1.20

0.47 0.50 0.90

2.44 2.55 3.25

0.20 0.35 0.75

0.03 0.02 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.09

0.72 0.63 0.80

0.03 0.05 0.06

0.15 0.09 0.11

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.21 0.22 0.37

1.07 1.34 2.38

6.21 5.92 7.90

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

0.08 0.08 0.09

1.05 1.01 0.83

0.10 0.12 0.22

0.99 0.84 1.01

0.20 0.20 0.23

0.08 0.05 0.07

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.33 0.26 0.35

0.02 0.03 0.05

0.09 0.04 0.08

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.09 0.09 0.16

0.70 0.70 0.90

3.21 2.80 3.23

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

0.99 0.91 0.72

1.97 1.64 1.44

0.48 0.56 0.77

0.58 0.31 0.34

2.16 1.28 1.26

2.78 1.49 1.56

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.44 0.35 0.40

0.26 0.38 0.87

0.10 0.06 0.11

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

5.21 3.87 4.68

6.35 4.10 4.31

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

0.50 0.66 1.22

0.99 1.09 0.95

1.35 1.61 2.37

0.51 0.48 0.57

0.13 0.10 0.15

0.06 0.05 0.04

0.02 0.01 0.17

0.15 0.12 0.14

0.06 0.04 0.06

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.04

0.01 0.01 0.01

2.36 2.74 4.54

1.89 1.86 1.91

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

0.12 0.11 0.11

0.21 0.16 0.19

0.14 0.16 0.18

0.16 0.15 0.18

0.28 0.24 0.25

0.19 0.16 0.18

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.89 0.82 0.90

1.07 0.90 1.11

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.04 0.03 0.04

0.04 0.04 0.10

0.03 0.01 0.01

0.06 0.05 0.08

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.09 0.04 0.04

0.18 0.17 0.28

0.37 0.21 0.19

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

0.48 0.49 0.53

1.10 0.93 0.91

1.17 1.23 1.49

1.19 0.97 1.05

0.29 0.33 0.40

0.20 0.12 0.13

0.02 0.03 0.03

0.27 0.21 0.26

0.06 0.04 0.05

0.04 0.03 0.04

0.04 0.01 0.01

0.27 0.18 0.25

2.63 2.66 3.11

3.75 2.95 3.20

1998 1999 2000

14.77 13.76 14.84

17.53 15.59 14.70

9.89 10.87 13.55

14.32 12.41 13.65

6.75 5.36 6.23

8.42 6.11 7.20

2.20 2.19 2.47

3.43 2.71 3.11

1.00 1.07 1.71

1.05 0.67 0.81

0.90 0.68 1.09

1.13 0.94 1.35

51.12 48.01 55.28

60.79 51.75 58.93

Manufactures

Total merchandise a

Appendix tables

EU (15)

a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

197

Table A14

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - European Union (15) (Billion dollars) C./E. Europe/ North America

Latin America

Western Europe

exp

imp

exp

exp

1998 1999 2000

10.16 11.39 11.84

16.72 15.43 16.33

3.65 3.15 3.28

22.58 21.63 21.28

175.59 171.82 163.66

175.78 172.48 164.02

11.73 8.91 8.94

8.95 8.52 9.03

Food

1998 1999 2000

9.18 10.33 10.65

10.90 9.95 9.84

3.36 2.88 2.98

20.38 19.40 18.52

149.08 148.29 139.81

149.80 149.23 140.42

10.31 7.55 7.38

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

0.99 1.06 1.19

5.82 5.48 6.48

0.29 0.27 0.30

2.20 2.23 2.76

26.50 23.53 23.86

25.98 23.25 23.61

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

6.26 8.36 14.89

9.17 7.46 8.67

1.34 1.17 1.29

8.88 8.69 10.92

75.88 77.76 97.70

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

0.52 0.61 0.69

3.24 2.88 3.38

0.11 0.10 0.14

3.63 3.33 3.61

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

3.49 5.47 10.88

2.78 2.22 2.49

0.79 0.66 0.63

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

2.25 2.28 3.31

3.15 2.36 2.80

1998 1999 2000

171.85 189.20 208.86

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

Chemicals

Appendix tables

198

imp

exp

Asia

imp

exp

imp

8.15 7.06 7.09

14.03 13.30 12.15

5.33 5.65 5.60

1.94 1.84 1.88

11.54 12.85 13.47

17.45 16.33 16.75

4.55 4.39 4.46

6.97 6.09 6.15

11.06 10.72 9.50

4.91 5.22 5.14

1.32 1.34 1.26

9.40 10.11 10.24

12.42 11.99 11.83

1.42 1.35 1.57

4.41 4.13 4.56

1.17 0.97 0.94

2.97 2.59 2.65

0.43 0.43 0.47

0.62 0.50 0.62

2.14 2.74 3.24

5.03 4.34 4.92

88.39 92.78 122.65

3.39 3.31 3.90

21.25 24.67 36.81

2.20 1.96 2.91

21.87 23.93 37.27

1.33 1.32 1.73

16.51 18.78 28.80

3.15 4.04 5.12

6.16 5.58 6.62

11.24 10.53 11.17

11.53 11.15 11.83

0.44 0.41 0.45

2.94 2.54 2.86

0.24 0.22 0.23

2.28 2.44 2.18

0.18 0.16 0.18

0.29 0.23 0.26

0.97 1.34 1.63

2.82 2.50 2.75

2.51 2.90 4.36

39.29 43.03 60.48

49.24 54.83 81.51

1.67 1.59 1.84

12.58 16.85 26.72

1.44 1.31 2.18

18.24 20.16 33.25

0.47 0.63 1.03

15.86 18.17 28.21

0.38 0.81 0.95

1.97 1.82 2.20

0.44 0.41 0.53

2.74 2.46 2.95

25.34 24.20 26.05

27.61 26.79 29.30

1.27 1.30 1.61

5.73 5.28 7.22

0.52 0.43 0.50

1.35 1.32 1.85

0.69 0.53 0.52

0.35 0.38 0.34

1.80 1.89 2.53

1.37 1.26 1.67

161.68 169.65 184.80

49.95 44.00 45.94

11.42 12.00 13.74

1216.85 1223.95 1208.63

1181.72 1195.79 1174.80

103.96 94.94 105.28

67.92 72.59 80.08

48.05 45.18 44.61

18.81 19.31 21.56

46.29 43.21 45.43

11.70 11.86 13.32

138.30 141.36 159.72

245.01 259.49 287.08

4.68 4.14 5.31

0.76 0.76 0.80

1.43 1.03 1.10

1.13 1.08 1.35

50.71 44.83 47.02

49.78 44.15 46.35

2.89 2.73 2.90

4.88 3.86 4.71

1.80 1.24 1.26

1.09 0.93 1.21

1.70 1.14 1.23

0.12 0.07 0.17

2.65 2.43 2.70

2.92 1.81 2.46

1998 1999 2000

25.55 31.88 35.55

23.60 25.00 27.79

8.11 7.79 8.05

1.73 1.63 1.80

193.30 192.96 193.13

191.27 190.86 189.55

14.07 13.28 14.81

5.51 5.28 6.15

7.49 7.06 6.75

1.61 1.41 1.59

6.59 6.25 6.27

2.13 2.17 2.62

20.60 23.80 25.34

12.26 12.26 12.81

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

15.40 16.95 18.74

9.87 10.21 10.70

4.49 3.87 4.15

1.87 1.77 2.02

142.66 141.42 138.12

140.24 141.31 137.43

12.83 11.93 13.04

9.98 10.56 11.20

4.89 4.64 4.49

3.76 4.22 5.86

7.32 7.73 8.19

2.16 2.38 2.93

14.72 16.55 18.13

16.31 17.18 18.85

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

97.85 104.16 113.79

101.55 105.82 115.43

29.64 25.83 26.98

4.90 5.80 6.83

606.94 622.88 621.24

579.19 598.11 592.82

51.64 46.76 53.14

27.99 32.69 36.82

25.18 23.87 24.08

3.44 3.94 3.94

22.89 21.12 22.59

4.09 3.88 4.43

78.51 75.98 88.87

138.34 149.81 168.14

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

11.47 13.16 13.85

12.77 14.50 16.22

1.32 1.04 1.09

0.21 0.16 0.20

16.79 18.35 17.19

16.36 17.62 16.57

1.22 1.09 1.15

1.02 1.05 1.18

1.26 1.18 1.30

0.18 0.19 0.25

1.72 1.62 1.83

0.86 1.01 0.68

4.43 4.48 5.26

2.53 2.86 2.98

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

26.04 26.28 27.31

15.64 16.23 17.63

11.30 9.91 9.24

0.65 0.66 0.77

125.89 124.58 118.22

120.38 121.15 114.46

17.35 14.73 15.36

4.55 4.99 5.38

9.17 8.41 7.61

0.56 0.69 0.92

7.46 6.61 6.81

0.69 0.61 0.70

24.09 22.39 24.31

13.38 14.93 16.49

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

14.36 16.04 19.26

35.83 39.03 45.05

3.57 3.42 3.77

0.90 1.42 2.07

151.60 161.88 172.06

144.35 153.41 162.60

9.80 10.23 12.97

5.47 6.67 8.22

5.09 4.91 5.44

0.67 0.68 0.53

3.58 4.01 4.78

1.38 1.42 1.95

21.55 23.47 30.84

75.05 81.48 94.57

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

7.96 8.87 10.27

9.59 10.38 11.83

3.21 2.67 2.63

0.47 0.51 0.64

65.43 65.31 63.25

64.30 64.40 62.26

8.86 8.03 9.06

5.46 6.06 6.85

3.15 3.08 2.91

0.82 0.95 1.06

3.28 3.05 3.05

0.46 0.50 0.59

8.65 8.96 10.41

17.09 19.08 23.76

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

24.08 26.41 27.86

6.59 7.32 6.57

6.61 5.03 5.53

1.68 1.99 1.75

203.46 205.23 200.08

193.40 197.01 189.49

11.41 10.13 12.09

9.91 11.78 13.24

4.75 4.72 4.91

0.67 1.13 0.94

3.77 3.30 4.23

0.16 0.20 0.26

10.51 10.40 12.08

22.03 23.17 21.29

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

13.94 13.40 15.23

21.13 18.36 18.13

3.63 3.75 4.72

0.98 1.07 1.40

43.77 47.54 50.45

40.40 44.52 47.44

3.01 2.55 2.51

1.58 2.14 1.95

1.77 1.57 1.90

0.55 0.29 0.23

3.09 2.53 1.89

0.54 0.15 0.26

9.28 6.29 5.98

8.27 8.29 9.06

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

2.85 3.00 3.24

1.97 1.76 1.72

0.85 0.69 0.74

0.29 0.24 0.22

42.94 38.41 34.97

42.51 38.40 34.88

7.01 6.63 6.93

2.41 2.38 2.68

3.55 3.40 3.23

0.81 0.69 0.75

1.10 0.91 0.86

0.79 0.76 0.75

3.19 3.19 3.50

9.08 8.47 8.72

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

2.81 2.87 3.09

0.81 0.69 0.61

0.49 0.42 0.43

0.33 0.33 0.35

40.80 40.13 37.19

44.53 43.64 40.76

3.10 2.75 2.88

9.05 8.89 8.85

1.04 0.96 0.97

6.62 6.58 6.64

1.24 1.06 1.06

0.81 0.81 0.77

3.01 2.73 2.80

24.46 25.86 27.81

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

22.72 26.21 29.15

23.13 25.41 27.75

4.96 4.37 4.49

1.18 1.16 1.17

139.50 143.32 136.96

134.22 139.31 133.00

12.43 10.87 11.59

8.11 8.94 9.68

4.09 4.01 3.84

1.48 1.54 1.57

5.45 5.01 5.24

1.60 1.80 1.64

15.62 16.68 18.39

41.62 44.10 48.29

1998 1999 2000

191.57 212.00 239.00

191.01 194.80 212.00

57.14 50.04 51.57

42.99 42.44 46.12

1515.22 1523.10 1525.78

1497.41 1514.53 1520.93

123.67 110.79 121.60

100.12 106.26 126.60

60.03 55.67 55.79

58.40 58.33 72.46

55.71 51.20 53.80

30.29 32.60 44.12

158.80 163.16 182.79

269.53 282.00 311.19

Total merchandise a

exp

Middle East exp

Manufactures

imp

Africa imp

Agricultural products

imp

Baltic States/CIS

Table A14 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - European Union (15) (Billion dollars)

exp

United States

imp

exp

imp

World b

exp

imp

exp

imp

91.27 86.65 86.41

8.71 9.36 9.48

12.75 11.08 11.35

3.94 4.00 3.75

1.66 1.71 1.74

4.41 4.67 4.60

0.42 0.44 0.44

0.85 1.32 1.52

2.13 2.15 2.44

226.92 221.57 214.57

257.82 249.87 241.79

Food

1998 1999 2000

142.17 141.49 133.40

51.65 49.59 49.49

68.52 65.74 62.64

7.83 8.45 8.50

8.93 7.75 7.58

3.13 3.19 2.95

1.28 1.33 1.29

3.81 3.93 3.83

0.12 0.10 0.12

0.58 0.76 0.64

1.37 1.36 1.56

193.81 191.08 182.89

210.68 207.23 196.04

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

24.39 21.73 21.98

8.72 8.77 9.69

22.75 20.91 23.77

0.88 0.91 0.98

3.82 3.33 3.77

0.80 0.80 0.80

0.38 0.38 0.44

0.60 0.74 0.76

0.30 0.34 0.32

0.27 0.56 0.87

0.76 0.79 0.88

33.11 30.50 31.68

47.14 42.64 45.75

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

68.01 70.26 88.48

28.97 30.31 41.56

109.22 114.24 169.74

5.77 7.43 13.27

6.49 4.85 5.67

4.06 3.70 4.43

2.12 2.10 2.46

0.77 0.85 1.06

0.46 0.40 0.50

0.31 0.78 0.98

1.13 0.99 1.24

96.98 100.57 130.04

177.23 184.50 258.22

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

10.20 9.65 10.20

3.56 3.77 4.37

16.58 15.47 16.78

0.41 0.47 0.52

1.80 1.44 1.81

0.28 0.25 0.26

0.37 0.52 0.56

0.23 0.28 0.24

0.08 0.09 0.12

0.16 0.33 0.52

0.35 0.29 0.34

13.76 13.43 14.57

26.78 25.13 26.98

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

34.47 38.17 54.20

16.36 17.76 25.98

73.56 81.30 130.89

3.25 4.95 9.80

2.36 1.72 1.94

2.60 2.41 2.97

0.41 0.43 0.45

0.06 0.05 0.06

0.06 0.04 0.04

0.02 0.26 0.19

0.41 0.36 0.43

50.82 55.93 80.18

108.03 119.47 185.09

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

23.34 22.44 24.08

9.06 8.78 11.22

19.08 17.46 22.08

2.11 2.02 2.95

2.34 1.69 1.92

1.17 1.03 1.20

1.33 1.15 1.45

0.49 0.52 0.76

0.32 0.26 0.34

0.13 0.18 0.26

0.36 0.35 0.47

32.40 31.22 35.29

42.42 39.90 46.16

1998 1999 2000

1102.67 1114.57 1095.76

683.61 680.72 735.64

601.48 635.41 687.83

157.45 164.67 179.35

151.12 151.71 165.14

53.04 53.54 52.24

46.48 46.67 44.61

28.59 31.38 34.69

79.44 82.79 85.39

16.58 19.26 23.87

41.29 47.15 57.47

1786.28 1795.29 1831.40

1704.15 1749.98 1783.59

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

46.69 41.53 43.49

19.30 16.10 18.11

14.05 11.17 13.60

4.04 3.39 4.27

0.65 0.62 0.66

1.57 1.38 1.55

0.75 0.70 0.76

0.14 0.12 0.16

0.52 0.39 0.41

0.43 0.41 0.50

0.36 0.22 0.37

65.99 57.64 61.60

60.74 52.70 57.09

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

175.39 174.68 174.57

103.59 111.72 118.58

63.71 64.79 68.52

23.35 28.03 30.96

22.62 22.98 25.62

9.86 10.25 9.92

12.74 12.54 11.32

5.89 7.17 7.56

4.95 5.07 5.08

1.44 1.86 2.47

2.29 2.25 2.51

278.98 286.40 293.15

239.10 239.47 243.09

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

128.68 128.38 124.79

74.11 75.20 80.45

55.92 59.53 64.49

14.01 14.52 16.01

8.65 8.06 8.53

6.86 6.38 6.65

7.37 8.24 7.94

2.09 2.23 2.40

2.97 3.08 3.03

1.18 1.51 2.01

3.48 4.11 5.00

202.79 203.58 205.25

184.60 187.91 189.28

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

554.19 572.65 567.70

364.76 356.65 391.20

308.80 334.87 367.21

89.92 90.58 97.44

94.79 94.83 103.11

21.06 22.03 21.09

15.37 14.82 14.45

13.06 14.14 16.36

60.46 64.06 66.40

12.34 13.99 16.94

12.91 15.75 21.24

918.95 929.31 958.91

862.99 907.52 934.91

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

14.78 16.05 14.96

23.44 24.86 26.70

19.51 21.41 23.57

10.34 11.05 11.75

11.68 12.79 14.62

0.96 1.25 1.18

0.99 1.00 1.00

0.40 0.40 0.47

0.91 0.95 0.95

0.73 0.89 1.02

0.49 0.54 0.64

38.21 40.92 41.66

34.29 37.46 38.53

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

110.21 111.14 104.64

111.47 102.21 104.49

46.00 48.32 54.86

23.53 22.43 22.95

14.50 14.40 15.78

5.74 5.55 5.63

8.14 7.90 7.60

2.91 2.73 3.09

8.76 9.68 10.50

4.75 5.26 5.91

1.06 1.37 1.78

221.68 213.35 209.14

156.21 159.47 159.50

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

140.93 149.85 158.75

69.35 75.42 94.21

123.78 135.27 157.01

13.58 13.83 15.94

33.92 35.43 40.19

4.61 5.08 5.38

1.55 1.63 1.72

2.68 3.26 4.27

22.09 23.42 25.21

3.32 4.11 5.42

7.36 8.74 11.89

210.28 225.27 252.95

264.72 285.12 315.75

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

59.17 59.35 57.31

41.68 40.93 45.38

39.63 43.11 50.95

7.44 7.79 8.82

9.15 9.55 10.93

2.59 2.63 2.56

3.15 3.04 2.88

1.31 1.43 1.64

6.51 7.31 8.86

1.18 1.57 2.07

3.47 4.46 5.99

100.85 100.28 102.69

98.79 102.45 108.26

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

190.62 193.69 186.15

74.01 71.57 80.69

44.25 49.22 47.73

22.87 24.01 24.91

5.75 5.89 5.50

4.98 4.98 4.76

0.70 0.68 0.66

5.01 5.58 5.91

17.75 17.90 16.12

0.65 0.55 0.99

0.09 0.14 0.16

264.62 265.26 266.84

234.86 242.91 233.88

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

38.48 42.56 45.89

44.82 41.67 39.74

35.64 37.54 33.09

12.16 11.46 13.06

19.78 16.77 16.09

2.18 2.54 1.59

0.84 0.57 0.60

0.74 0.73 0.97

4.43 4.80 4.76

1.72 1.60 1.53

0.43 0.51 0.78

83.31 84.23 85.63

74.12 80.10 78.98

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

38.79 34.79 31.39

23.07 21.82 22.30

19.23 17.98 18.39

2.52 2.55 2.72

1.83 1.56 1.53

1.26 1.17 1.07

1.36 1.19 1.10

0.77 0.68 0.71

0.79 0.78 0.69

0.21 0.26 0.33

1.55 1.54 1.87

61.86 56.61 53.68

58.02 52.77 49.77

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

36.67 36.10 33.46

15.82 14.83 14.97

50.11 50.82 52.45

2.54 2.49 2.65

0.73 0.58 0.51

2.39 2.31 2.12

0.39 0.36 0.30

1.68 1.50 1.44

0.14 0.14 0.14

0.05 0.06 0.06

6.85 7.62 8.10

52.49 50.93 48.43

86.79 86.92 85.91

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

122.26 126.44 120.36

82.96 84.38 90.02

89.66 96.25 103.17

21.07 23.12 25.32

21.86 23.09 25.17

10.04 10.01 9.83

8.48 8.81 8.74

4.97 5.54 6.06

9.62 9.27 9.64

0.92 1.17 1.56

13.85 15.65 18.38

205.22 210.82 210.38

211.92 222.69 223.53

1998 1999 2000

1380.74 1395.06 1392.34

813.85 801.71 858.90

824.72 853.19 965.67

174.90 184.11 204.87

173.87 169.90 184.27

62.22 62.19 61.87

53.82 52.37 51.01

34.50 37.70 41.20

80.62 83.94 86.66

19.02 23.00 27.80

44.57 50.32 61.19

2194.60 2196.77 2251.25

2209.45 2252.28 2362.03

1384.73 1399.09 1396.36

exp

China

60.36 58.35 59.18

Total merchandise a

imp

Japan

166.55 163.22 155.38

Manufactures

exp

Switzerland

1998 1999 2000

Agricultural products

imp

Extra-EU

exp

imp

Appendix tables

Intra-EU

a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: The figures are affected by the "INTRASTAT" system of recording trade between EU member States. Unspecified products account for 3.9 per cent of total intra-EU trade, and intra-EU imports are under-recorded. To compensate for this under-recording, intra-EU exports have been used to obtain total (World) imports. Major trading partners were selected on the basis of 1999 data. 2000 exports and imports have been partly estimated by the Secretariat. See the Technical Notes.

199

Table A15

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - France (Billion dollars) C./E. Europe/

Agricultural products

Appendix tables

Latin America

Western Europe

exp

exp

exp

imp

imp

imp

Baltic States/CIS exp

imp

Africa

Middle East

exp

imp

exp

imp

Asia exp

imp

1998 1999 2000

2.22 2.44 2.35

1.64 1.45 1.58

0.51 0.49 0.49

2.57 2.36 2.44

31.25 29.81 27.21

23.19 22.45 21.16

1.04 0.86 0.77

0.64 0.61 0.66

2.39 1.92 2.04

2.79 2.56 2.36

1.13 1.32 1.08

0.30 0.29 0.26

2.52 2.50 2.55

1.87 1.66 1.74

Food

1998 1999 2000

2.12 2.33 2.24

0.97 0.82 0.76

0.48 0.45 0.45

2.26 2.04 1.99

28.52 27.31 24.56

20.08 19.33 17.91

0.95 0.78 0.66

0.38 0.37 0.35

2.27 1.81 1.94

2.30 2.09 1.88

1.10 1.29 1.05

0.26 0.26 0.24

2.29 2.25 2.23

1.22 1.16 1.18

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

0.10 0.11 0.11

0.67 0.63 0.82

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.32 0.32 0.45

2.73 2.50 2.65

3.11 3.11 3.25

0.09 0.08 0.10

0.26 0.24 0.30

0.12 0.11 0.10

0.49 0.46 0.48

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.04 0.03 0.03

0.22 0.25 0.32

0.65 0.50 0.56

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

0.56 0.42 0.85

0.85 0.77 0.92

0.13 0.09 0.17

1.16 1.15 1.50

10.03 9.97 11.77

12.24 12.93 19.13

0.16 0.16 0.17

2.46 2.97 4.82

0.48 0.41 0.61

3.70 3.71 5.73

0.17 0.15 0.19

3.76 4.23 6.84

0.32 0.30 0.33

0.76 0.72 0.85

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

0.04 0.05 0.06

0.19 0.18 0.16

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.37 0.33 0.36

1.43 1.45 1.66

1.28 1.16 1.30

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.08 0.07 0.04

0.04 0.03 0.03

0.35 0.31 0.32

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.04 0.04 0.05

0.27 0.25 0.28

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

0.26 0.18 0.58

0.36 0.33 0.39

0.08 0.05 0.13

0.31 0.35 0.47

5.31 5.59 6.79

7.04 8.02 13.47

0.08 0.08 0.10

1.86 2.47 4.13

0.32 0.26 0.48

3.04 3.18 5.14

0.09 0.09 0.14

3.73 4.19 6.80

0.06 0.07 0.09

0.33 0.31 0.34

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

0.26 0.19 0.20

0.29 0.27 0.37

0.04 0.03 0.03

0.48 0.46 0.67

3.28 2.93 3.33

3.92 3.76 4.36

0.06 0.05 0.05

0.53 0.44 0.65

0.12 0.12 0.11

0.30 0.23 0.27

0.07 0.05 0.05

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.21 0.19 0.19

0.15 0.16 0.23

1998 1999 2000

21.28 22.80 25.37

24.44 24.52 26.77

6.92 5.54 6.54

1.44 1.44 1.77

160.64 163.38 162.28

156.83 154.87 158.82

8.22 7.93 9.28

4.97 5.61 6.95

13.30 12.93 12.94

4.90 4.75 4.66

5.58 6.52 6.23

0.85 0.81 0.92

20.98 18.73 20.10

29.85 31.93 36.86

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

0.75 0.65 0.95

0.10 0.08 0.09

0.20 0.17 0.18

0.17 0.11 0.18

7.27 6.84 7.09

7.89 6.86 7.92

0.18 0.17 0.25

0.25 0.15 0.20

0.43 0.27 0.31

0.16 0.13 0.15

0.21 0.15 0.22

0.00 0.00 0.01

0.39 0.36 0.36

0.14 0.08 0.13

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

2.91 3.31 3.70

3.88 4.11 4.47

1.19 1.15 1.24

0.25 0.21 0.25

26.95 27.67 28.08

27.93 27.86 29.51

1.83 1.72 1.86

0.86 0.74 0.83

2.32 2.26 2.16

0.51 0.44 0.43

1.00 0.96 0.98

0.21 0.22 0.22

2.80 3.27 3.44

1.78 1.86 1.94

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

1.68 1.71 1.82

1.03 1.00 1.06

0.48 0.38 0.39

0.13 0.15 0.15

17.86 17.42 16.68

19.32 19.04 19.09

0.70 0.73 0.79

0.54 0.60 0.68

1.14 1.10 0.99

0.16 0.16 0.18

0.45 0.41 0.45

0.11 0.08 0.09

1.15 1.23 1.28

1.51 1.61 1.73

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

13.06 14.11 15.50

15.61 15.57 17.04

4.44 3.34 4.24

0.63 0.69 0.88

83.70 86.94 87.05

73.95 74.05 76.06

4.18 4.04 4.94

1.97 2.58 3.48

6.84 6.87 7.11

0.87 0.91 0.85

3.02 4.10 3.67

0.31 0.27 0.34

13.52 10.52 11.35

16.05 17.61 20.97

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

2.91 3.15 3.45

3.44 3.85 4.41

0.19 0.18 0.12

0.01 0.00 0.01

2.70 2.76 2.07

2.55 2.01 1.94

0.09 0.09 0.11

0.06 0.06 0.09

0.29 0.29 0.31

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.21 0.21 0.22

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.55 0.62 0.61

0.11 0.13 0.18

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

2.67 2.34 2.34

2.34 2.35 2.73

0.97 0.79 0.73

0.06 0.06 0.08

14.18 13.92 13.01

17.94 17.53 17.16

1.09 0.99 0.96

0.27 0.32 0.34

1.97 1.76 1.67

0.05 0.05 0.09

0.77 0.73 0.68

0.07 0.06 0.07

2.34 1.93 1.96

1.55 1.71 2.08

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

1.95 2.06 2.04

5.43 4.68 5.76

0.57 0.52 0.64

0.16 0.14 0.13

19.22 18.57 20.79

13.27 13.05 14.42

1.13 1.20 1.64

0.74 1.02 1.65

1.71 1.70 1.84

0.45 0.43 0.29

0.66 0.58 0.60

0.13 0.10 0.12

3.47 3.39 4.48

9.93 10.42 12.98

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

0.88 1.02 1.25

1.22 1.22 1.44

0.61 0.40 0.40

0.11 0.11 0.13

8.19 7.99 7.83

8.21 8.02 8.17

0.64 0.56 0.73

0.39 0.48 0.55

1.07 1.02 1.00

0.28 0.32 0.36

0.71 0.60 0.57

0.06 0.06 0.09

1.32 1.31 1.42

2.00 2.31 3.10

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

1.02 1.10 0.94

0.37 0.44 0.44

1.04 0.94 1.08

0.19 0.13 0.14

33.12 34.34 34.02

25.68 27.09 27.12

1.01 0.99 1.18

0.43 0.60 0.77

1.37 1.38 1.47

0.05 0.07 0.07

0.48 0.39 0.53

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.61 0.53 0.67

1.44 1.64 1.53

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

3.62 4.44 5.48

2.81 3.02 2.27

1.06 0.51 1.27

0.09 0.25 0.39

6.28 9.35 9.33

6.31 6.36 7.25

0.21 0.22 0.32

0.07 0.09 0.08

0.43 0.72 0.83

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.20 1.61 1.08

0.02 0.03 0.02

5.22 2.74 2.21

1.02 1.39 1.11

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

0.29 0.29 0.32

0.18 0.18 0.20

0.08 0.07 0.07

0.04 0.03 0.03

5.15 4.66 4.36

5.81 5.28 4.98

0.41 0.45 0.50

0.14 0.15 0.19

1.18 1.10 1.06

0.17 0.14 0.16

0.13 0.13 0.12

0.05 0.05 0.05

0.32 0.32 0.33

1.00 0.97 1.06

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

0.30 0.29 0.33

0.10 0.06 0.05

0.06 0.05 0.05

0.04 0.03 0.04

4.01 4.05 3.73

4.38 4.15 3.83

0.23 0.24 0.25

0.76 0.83 0.86

0.27 0.26 0.24

2.62 2.53 2.41

0.23 0.20 0.20

0.08 0.08 0.10

0.64 0.60 0.63

3.49 3.73 4.04

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

2.30 2.45 2.75

3.54 3.52 3.86

0.47 0.39 0.38

0.18 0.22 0.24

15.70 15.80 15.29

17.53 17.62 17.43

0.67 0.59 0.68

0.46 0.56 0.71

1.11 1.07 1.07

0.41 0.44 0.48

0.52 0.56 0.60

0.10 0.10 0.11

2.17 2.43 2.71

5.86 6.06 6.99

1998 1999 2000

24.64 26.17 29.06

26.97 26.76 29.28

7.84 6.32 7.40

5.18 4.95 5.70

206.98 207.82 205.83

192.74 190.72 199.50

9.63 9.12 10.43

8.08 9.19 12.43

16.53 15.51 15.83

11.41 11.05 12.79

7.13 8.11 7.62

4.92 5.33 8.03

24.46 22.15 23.62

32.49 34.31 39.46

Manufactures

Total merchandise a

200

North America

Table A15 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - France (Billion dollars) Extra-EU

United States

imp

World b

exp

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

22.06 21.32 20.13

11.38 10.96 10.61

11.15 10.26 10.26

1.88 2.09 2.00

1.26 1.06 1.09

1.03 1.05 0.95

0.27 0.31 0.29

1.12 0.89 0.97

0.04 0.04 0.05

0.19 0.27 0.31

0.26 0.25 0.26

41.07 39.34 36.52

33.21 31.58 30.39

Food

1998 1999 2000

27.12 26.02 23.39

19.08 18.33 17.03

10.62 10.20 9.77

8.55 7.93 7.45

1.79 2.00 1.90

0.82 0.68 0.62

0.93 0.96 0.86

0.23 0.26 0.23

1.09 0.86 0.93

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.13 0.18 0.16

0.21 0.21 0.22

37.74 36.22 33.16

27.63 26.26 24.48

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

2.57 2.36 2.51

2.98 2.98 3.10

0.76 0.76 0.85

2.60 2.34 2.81

0.09 0.10 0.10

0.44 0.39 0.47

0.10 0.09 0.09

0.05 0.05 0.06

0.03 0.03 0.04

0.03 0.04 0.04

0.06 0.08 0.15

0.05 0.04 0.04

3.33 3.12 3.36

5.58 5.32 5.91

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

8.11 8.22 9.82

8.72 9.25 12.33

3.80 3.31 4.36

16.33 17.30 27.55

0.49 0.38 0.82

0.61 0.56 0.65

1.62 1.42 1.66

0.34 0.31 0.32

0.08 0.06 0.07

0.05 0.04 0.06

0.04 0.05 0.04

0.18 0.16 0.17

11.91 11.53 14.18

25.05 26.55 39.88

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

1.35 1.37 1.57

1.22 1.10 1.21

0.24 0.25 0.28

1.35 1.21 1.27

0.04 0.05 0.06

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.06 0.06 0.06

0.03 0.02 0.03

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.02 0.02 0.02

1.59 1.62 1.85

2.57 2.31 2.48

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

3.70 4.09 5.08

4.10 4.86 7.32

2.58 2.26 3.29

12.61 14.00 23.45

0.22 0.16 0.57

0.33 0.29 0.32

1.40 1.25 1.50

0.10 0.10 0.09

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.00

0.14 0.10 0.11

6.28 6.35 8.37

16.71 18.86 30.77

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

3.06 2.76 3.17

3.40 3.28 3.80

0.99 0.80 0.79

2.37 2.10 2.83

0.23 0.17 0.19

0.24 0.24 0.29

0.16 0.12 0.10

0.21 0.19 0.21

0.06 0.04 0.04

0.04 0.03 0.04

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.03 0.04 0.05

4.05 3.56 3.96

5.77 5.38 6.63

1998 1999 2000

147.32 149.25 148.66

147.28 145.43 149.05

92.79 89.29 96.33

79.90 82.49 91.11

19.37 20.09 23.28

23.43 23.55 25.61

7.40 8.22 7.22

6.44 6.36 6.38

3.32 3.43 3.88

9.42 10.15 11.63

2.96 2.87 2.60

6.77 7.63 9.44

240.11 238.54 244.99

227.18 227.92 240.16

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

6.88 6.52 6.70

7.67 6.69 7.73

2.57 2.10 2.66

1.07 0.77 0.98

0.64 0.54 0.78

0.08 0.07 0.07

0.20 0.17 0.22

0.09 0.09 0.10

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.02 0.02 0.01

0.09 0.07 0.06

0.02 0.01 0.02

9.45 8.62 9.36

8.74 7.46 8.71

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

24.61 25.29 25.82

25.32 25.30 27.15

14.39 15.05 15.67

10.48 10.55 10.85

2.65 3.06 3.44

3.79 4.05 4.37

1.60 1.54 1.44

2.46 2.42 2.22

0.77 0.94 0.93

0.83 0.78 0.86

0.15 0.18 0.24

0.32 0.36 0.31

39.00 40.34 41.49

35.80 35.85 38.00

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

16.47 16.10 15.43

18.42 18.07 18.00

6.99 6.88 6.97

4.58 4.78 5.15

1.51 1.53 1.61

0.92 0.89 0.95

0.80 0.81 0.77

0.62 0.62 0.74

0.25 0.30 0.32

0.38 0.39 0.39

0.12 0.12 0.12

0.41 0.47 0.56

23.46 22.98 22.40

23.00 22.85 23.15

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

77.38 79.62 80.11

70.63 70.79 72.37

54.56 50.97 55.95

41.34 43.56 49.49

12.02 12.32 14.43

15.01 14.96 16.30

2.80 3.65 2.77

1.95 1.92 2.01

0.95 0.83 1.11

6.72 7.52 8.81

2.48 2.35 2.00

2.27 2.59 3.65

131.94 130.59 136.06

111.97 114.35 121.86

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

2.46 2.48 1.80

2.38 1.82 1.64

4.48 4.82 5.08

4.20 4.80 5.10

2.78 2.86 3.37

3.31 3.73 4.27

0.14 0.17 0.16

0.09 0.10 0.11

0.04 0.03 0.04

0.05 0.05 0.06

0.14 0.28 0.20

0.03 0.03 0.05

6.94 7.30 6.88

6.58 6.62 6.74

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

12.86 12.80 12.00

16.70 16.35 15.99

11.14 9.66 9.35

5.86 6.00 6.79

2.43 2.08 2.12

2.27 2.28 2.64

0.56 0.52 0.54

1.12 1.08 1.06

0.28 0.26 0.30

1.11 1.18 1.49

0.43 0.37 0.40

0.12 0.14 0.18

24.00 22.46 21.35

22.56 22.35 22.78

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

17.90 17.15 19.12

12.83 12.65 13.90

10.89 11.23 13.30

18.13 17.99 22.21

1.86 1.90 1.92

5.29 4.52 5.46

0.56 0.51 0.51

0.14 0.13 0.17

0.20 0.23 0.24

3.09 3.33 4.24

0.42 0.37 0.54

1.50 1.56 2.27

28.79 28.38 32.42

30.96 30.64 36.11

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

7.50 7.32 7.20

7.59 7.37 7.49

6.02 5.77 6.16

4.87 5.38 6.56

0.80 0.89 1.10

1.18 1.18 1.40

0.30 0.30 0.28

0.44 0.46 0.48

0.12 0.11 0.15

0.69 0.77 1.15

0.22 0.28 0.33

0.58 0.78 1.05

13.52 13.09 13.36

12.46 12.75 14.05

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

31.15 32.34 31.73

24.93 26.35 26.27

7.51 7.32 8.16

3.64 4.03 4.26

1.00 1.08 0.91

0.36 0.40 0.40

0.68 0.70 0.60

0.08 0.09 0.07

0.14 0.14 0.21

1.19 1.34 1.21

0.14 0.10 0.11

0.01 0.02 0.02

38.66 39.66 39.89

28.57 30.38 30.53

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

5.51 7.52 8.27

6.20 6.25 7.06

14.51 12.19 13.89

4.65 5.37 4.59

3.14 3.52 5.01

2.60 2.84 2.13

0.57 1.45 0.68

0.07 0.06 0.12

0.17 0.06 0.18

0.59 0.84 0.65

1.14 0.96 0.42

0.04 0.05 0.07

20.02 19.71 22.16

10.85 11.62 11.65

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

4.85 4.38 4.06

5.40 4.89 4.59

2.72 2.65 2.70

2.10 2.02 2.16

0.26 0.26 0.29

0.18 0.17 0.19

0.12 0.11 0.10

0.16 0.14 0.14

0.08 0.07 0.07

0.12 0.12 0.13

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.21 0.21 0.28

7.57 7.03 6.76

7.50 6.91 6.75

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

3.57 3.63 3.34

3.64 3.45 3.16

2.18 2.06 2.09

8.01 8.11 8.32

0.26 0.26 0.30

0.10 0.06 0.05

0.31 0.30 0.27

0.04 0.03 0.02

0.36 0.33 0.33

0.03 0.04 0.04

0.01 0.01 0.01

1.05 1.23 1.31

5.75 5.69 5.43

11.65 11.56 11.48

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

13.56 13.70 13.19

16.19 16.23 16.04

9.39 9.59 10.30

12.31 12.71 14.16

2.02 2.12 2.42

3.34 3.35 3.68

1.58 1.64 1.65

1.11 1.13 1.14

0.88 0.95 1.10

1.32 1.28 1.40

0.10 0.13 0.16

2.50 2.76 3.30

22.95 23.29 23.49

28.50 28.94 30.20

1998 1999 2000

189.76 190.14 188.60

178.49 176.45 181.88

115.69 108.73 115.57

108.32 110.89 129.68

22.27 23.03 26.54

25.35 25.19 27.36

10.35 10.96 10.08

7.10 7.00 7.02

4.67 4.54 5.10

9.52 10.24 11.75

3.31 3.26 3.04

7.22 8.05 9.87

305.45 298.87 304.17

286.81 287.34 311.56

Total merchandise a

exp

China

29.69 28.38 25.91

Manufactures

imp

Japan

1998 1999 2000

Agricultural products

exp

Switzerland

Appendix tables

Intra-EU (15)

a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: In this table figures refer to the combined trade of France and her overseas departments (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Reunion). For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

201

Table A16

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Germany (Billion dollars) C./E. Europe/ North America

Latin America

Western Europe

exp

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

1998 1999 2000

0.95 0.92 0.94

3.14 2.61 2.69

0.29 0.27 0.30

5.00 4.56 4.25

23.75 23.06 20.48

34.67 32.85 26.89

3.76 2.83 2.64

2.85 2.70 2.71

0.65 0.67 0.64

1.90 1.71 1.38

0.57 0.73 1.03

0.38 0.33 0.30

1.33 1.40 1.40

3.88 3.43 3.25

Food

1998 1999 2000

0.78 0.80 0.78

1.95 1.61 1.45

0.20 0.19 0.20

4.61 4.16 3.79

20.22 19.74 17.30

28.82 27.54 22.15

3.19 2.30 2.03

1.87 1.72 1.80

0.52 0.54 0.52

1.60 1.46 1.11

0.50 0.67 0.98

0.25 0.24 0.20

0.98 0.92 0.84

2.79 2.57 2.33

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

0.17 0.13 0.16

1.19 1.00 1.24

0.09 0.08 0.09

0.39 0.40 0.47

3.53 3.32 3.18

5.85 5.31 4.73

0.57 0.54 0.61

0.98 0.98 0.92

0.13 0.12 0.13

0.31 0.25 0.26

0.07 0.06 0.06

0.12 0.10 0.09

0.35 0.48 0.56

1.09 0.85 0.92

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

1.00 1.11 1.46

1.53 1.26 1.40

0.31 0.31 0.44

2.00 1.76 1.99

12.19 11.59 13.39

19.54 18.46 26.56

1.14 1.25 1.52

6.63 7.86 11.79

0.17 0.14 0.20

3.55 4.09 6.31

0.18 0.18 0.19

1.31 1.69 2.74

0.88 1.02 1.29

1.19 1.03 1.22

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

0.04 0.05 0.11

0.67 0.60 0.71

0.02 0.02 0.02

1.15 1.00 1.01

2.85 2.47 2.58

2.27 2.18 2.45

0.12 0.12 0.13

1.24 0.97 1.16

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.38 0.41 0.52

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.04 0.04 0.03

0.19 0.27 0.28

0.64 0.52 0.52

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

0.22 0.33 0.41

0.27 0.16 0.19

0.04 0.07 0.12

0.34 0.37 0.43

2.54 2.82 4.16

10.88 10.55 17.51

0.40 0.46 0.58

3.58 5.16 8.27

0.05 0.04 0.05

2.79 3.28 5.14

0.02 0.03 0.03

1.20 1.60 2.66

0.06 0.07 0.07

0.22 0.19 0.31

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

0.73 0.73 0.96

0.59 0.50 0.49

0.25 0.22 0.31

0.52 0.39 0.57

6.80 6.30 6.66

6.39 5.74 6.61

0.63 0.67 0.82

1.81 1.73 2.35

0.09 0.08 0.13

0.38 0.39 0.66

0.14 0.14 0.15

0.08 0.05 0.05

0.63 0.68 0.93

0.33 0.32 0.39

1998 1999 2000

51.38 54.54 56.03

34.66 36.31 39.51

13.29 12.87 12.48

2.52 2.78 2.85

294.12 293.12 278.40

207.16 203.17 180.70

45.01 40.85 44.09

31.72 34.38 36.41

8.99 8.44 7.80

2.91 3.23 3.01

9.33 8.98 9.31

1.70 1.84 2.23

39.45 39.79 44.19

61.70 63.52 71.03

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

1.22 1.04 1.24

0.14 0.13 0.18

0.44 0.31 0.32

0.16 0.07 0.11

11.07 8.97 9.22

10.22 8.78 8.53

1.37 1.36 1.20

1.73 1.33 1.55

0.31 0.22 0.21

0.16 0.15 0.18

0.37 0.28 0.31

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.82 0.71 0.73

0.34 0.27 0.29

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

7.44 8.07 6.93

4.68 4.66 5.17

2.52 2.41 2.38

0.36 0.32 0.38

42.37 41.61 40.46

35.03 36.74 33.71

5.60 5.32 5.75

1.70 1.61 1.84

1.19 1.10 0.99

0.10 0.13 0.16

1.41 1.41 1.40

0.25 0.38 0.50

6.36 6.99 7.54

2.64 2.48 2.55

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

2.81 3.11 3.28

1.98 1.73 1.67

1.09 1.02 1.05

0.26 0.26 0.26

30.49 29.82 27.34

26.03 24.79 21.15

5.29 5.15 5.43

4.54 4.80 4.97

0.74 0.72 0.64

0.14 0.12 0.12

0.74 0.70 0.67

0.19 0.18 0.16

2.38 2.55 2.72

3.53 3.63 3.87

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

34.92 36.94 39.20

22.89 24.83 27.15

8.08 8.01 7.62

1.30 1.71 1.70

165.09 168.21 161.21

93.48 93.47 84.56

23.92 20.86 23.86

14.29 17.09 18.61

5.49 5.20 4.83

0.82 1.31 1.20

5.78 5.60 5.95

0.53 0.56 0.95

25.46 24.93 28.50

36.16 37.94 44.46

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

2.32 2.52 3.04

3.44 4.25 5.27

0.28 0.20 0.28

0.03 0.04 0.03

4.15 4.37 4.07

2.52 2.91 2.80

0.57 0.51 0.52

0.60 0.61 0.65

0.21 0.21 0.27

0.02 0.02 0.07

0.30 0.29 0.29

0.06 0.05 0.03

0.87 0.89 1.28

0.58 0.61 0.70

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

10.10 9.53 9.47

3.14 3.14 3.50

3.73 3.35 3.05

0.23 0.23 0.27

40.45 39.51 36.20

19.36 19.06 16.20

8.43 6.92 7.30

2.50 2.80 3.05

1.92 1.84 1.52

0.18 0.24 0.27

2.00 1.68 1.69

0.07 0.10 0.10

9.68 8.66 9.08

3.04 3.22 3.74

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

1.90 2.30 2.97

8.59 9.11 9.61

0.51 0.49 0.53

0.09 0.14 0.23

24.33 26.22 30.03

18.55 19.94 18.20

3.04 3.21 3.98

1.50 2.09 2.35

0.84 0.66 0.64

0.05 0.05 0.04

0.62 0.73 0.68

0.22 0.24 0.44

4.41 4.89 6.30

20.26 21.50 26.66

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

2.99 3.23 3.47

2.17 2.33 2.51

0.92 0.82 0.80

0.13 0.14 0.17

19.17 18.67 17.66

10.86 10.16 9.35

4.22 3.75 4.20

3.02 3.25 3.61

0.75 0.70 0.61

0.32 0.34 0.32

0.80 0.83 0.83

0.15 0.14 0.21

3.10 3.14 3.44

5.18 5.69 7.33

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

14.75 16.30 16.60

2.29 2.01 1.78

2.17 1.83 2.14

0.63 1.00 0.69

61.60 62.68 56.60

31.14 31.83 27.39

6.08 5.16 6.38

5.80 7.04 7.80

1.35 1.53 1.47

0.23 0.63 0.47

1.75 1.65 2.15

0.02 0.02 0.01

5.76 5.81 6.75

5.54 5.15 4.10

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

2.84 3.07 3.64

3.26 4.00 4.48

0.48 1.32 0.83

0.19 0.16 0.31

15.39 16.78 16.65

11.05 9.57 10.62

1.59 1.31 1.48

0.88 1.31 1.15

0.42 0.26 0.30

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.31 0.42 0.31

0.01 0.03 0.16

1.64 1.54 1.66

1.57 1.78 1.94

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

0.39 0.41 0.45

0.32 0.31 0.31

0.09 0.09 0.10

0.06 0.06 0.05

8.25 7.19 6.20

7.99 7.14 5.96

3.39 3.14 2.98

1.03 1.02 1.09

0.57 0.50 0.42

0.10 0.08 0.07

0.14 0.13 0.10

0.32 0.28 0.25

0.52 0.51 0.49

1.74 1.62 1.57

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

0.21 0.20 0.20

0.16 0.13 0.10

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.08 0.07 0.08

6.51 6.46 5.64

10.51 9.29 7.75

0.87 0.74 0.65

4.20 3.99 3.64

0.07 0.05 0.05

1.12 1.01 0.88

0.09 0.08 0.07

0.18 0.17 0.15

0.22 0.20 0.20

6.82 6.78 6.72

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

4.39 4.77 4.76

4.49 4.52 4.94

1.03 1.00 0.99

0.28 0.29 0.27

30.34 30.87 28.33

23.91 22.96 19.04

4.56 4.27 4.23

4.23 4.54 4.70

0.62 0.65 0.65

0.46 0.44 0.40

0.82 0.78 0.81

0.21 0.26 0.22

3.67 3.89 4.01

10.45 10.81 11.55

1998 1999 2000

54.11 57.23 59.16

40.46 40.65 44.02

15.06 14.33 13.53

9.55 9.14 9.16

341.28 343.50 342.36

285.99 284.25 288.06

52.76 47.53 50.59

41.52 45.14 51.14

10.34 8.42 9.96 9.06 9.09 10.73

10.68 10.34 10.92

3.40 3.88 5.29

44.50 44.38 48.43

66.97 68.24 75.68

Agricultural products

Appendix tables

Manufactures

Total merchandise a

202

Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East

Asia

Table A16 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Germany (Billion dollars) Extra-EU

United States

exp

imp

exp

imp

1998 1999 2000

22.30 21.60 19.05

32.26 30.60 24.96

9.37 8.65 8.71

19.62 17.64 16.58

0.87 0.84 0.85

Food

1998 1999 2000

19.21 18.72 16.32

26.73 25.59 20.52

7.44 6.67 6.53

15.16 13.72 12.35

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

3.09 2.89 2.73

5.53 5.01 4.44

1.94 1.97 2.19

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

10.56 10.05 11.58

14.94 13.43 19.80

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

2.58 2.26 2.33

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

Agricultural products

Manufactures

1998 1999 2000

imp

Japan

China

World b

exp

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

2.35 1.95 1.92

0.78 0.75 0.71

0.59 0.61 0.54

0.34 0.32 0.30

0.09 0.11 0.10

0.18 0.27 0.26

0.65 0.59 0.61

31.67 30.25 27.76

51.88 48.24 41.54

0.71 0.72 0.70

1.70 1.43 1.32

0.52 0.52 0.49

0.48 0.51 0.45

0.29 0.26 0.25

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.10 0.12 0.04

0.39 0.36 0.38

26.65 25.39 22.85

41.89 39.31 32.87

4.47 3.92 4.24

0.16 0.12 0.15

0.64 0.52 0.61

0.26 0.23 0.22

0.10 0.10 0.09

0.04 0.05 0.05

0.07 0.09 0.08

0.08 0.15 0.22

0.25 0.22 0.22

5.03 4.86 4.92

10.00 8.93 8.68

7.75 7.74 9.70

27.94 28.82 41.16

0.96 1.07 1.39

0.83 0.71 0.83

1.11 1.12 1.30

0.88 0.95 1.11

0.19 0.17 0.28

0.10 0.11 0.14

0.11 0.20 0.25

0.30 0.28 0.32

18.31 17.79 21.28

42.88 42.25 60.96

1.89 1.74 1.95

0.67 0.72 0.83

4.55 4.02 4.52

0.04 0.04 0.08

0.30 0.25 0.35

0.11 0.10 0.10

0.13 0.19 0.24

0.01 0.02 0.02

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.05 0.11 0.14

0.10 0.08 0.10

3.25 2.98 3.16

6.44 5.76 6.47

2.02 2.25 3.39

8.15 7.34 13.02

3.59 3.40 4.36

18.14 19.97 30.34

0.22 0.33 0.40

0.22 0.13 0.15

0.42 0.48 0.61

0.23 0.22 0.18

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.05 0.06 0.08

5.61 5.65 7.75

26.29 27.31 43.36

5.95 5.54 5.86

4.91 4.34 4.83

3.49 3.62 4.51

5.23 4.84 6.30

0.70 0.70 0.90

0.32 0.34 0.33

0.57 0.54 0.59

0.51 0.54 0.69

0.17 0.15 0.25

0.05 0.07 0.09

0.05 0.08 0.11

0.14 0.13 0.14

9.44 9.16 10.37

10.14 9.18 11.13

211.44 163.23 207.09 169.36 215.85 180.94

47.48 51.17 52.44

33.11 34.83 37.76

21.60 21.54 20.69

16.27 15.97 15.00

256.63 180.62 258.25 177.11 242.87 156.15

exp

Switzerland

9.53 22.84 10.15 22.63 11.13 23.94

5.42 12.08 5.60 13.64 7.14 15.81

468.07 343.85 465.34 346.47 458.71 337.09

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

9.78 8.03 8.17

9.49 8.15 7.88

6.03 5.02 5.22

3.31 2.63 2.99

1.02 0.88 1.06

0.11 0.11 0.16

0.63 0.54 0.58

0.38 0.34 0.35

0.03 0.02 0.03

0.09 0.10 0.10

0.16 0.15 0.17

0.09 0.05 0.05

15.81 13.05 13.39

12.80 10.78 10.86

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

36.40 35.64 34.59

30.70 32.78 30.21

34.47 35.23 34.89

14.62 13.95 14.47

6.91 7.46 6.29

4.52 4.50 5.02

3.95 4.04 3.81

3.84 3.52 3.02

1.91 2.12 2.40

1.26 1.24 1.16

0.43 0.50 0.65

0.62 0.58 0.66

70.87 70.87 69.49

45.32 46.73 44.69

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

26.49 26.00 23.64

23.01 21.79 18.19

17.48 17.48 17.96

13.87 13.95 14.17

2.60 2.86 2.99

1.82 1.60 1.54

2.64 2.57 2.40

1.93 1.96 1.90

0.40 0.41 0.48

0.83 0.83 0.83

0.32 0.37 0.49

1.05 1.14 1.31

43.97 43.48 41.60

36.88 35.74 32.36

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

146.73 151.46 143.28

84.43 84.09 75.64

123.07 85.52 119.68 93.22 128.80 103.64

32.30 34.95 37.02

21.89 23.84 25.91

9.28 9.37 9.22

6.57 6.57 6.28

5.88 17.47 6.25 17.44 6.85 18.52

4.13 4.18 5.37

3.87 5.05 6.72

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

3.52 3.69 3.44

1.96 2.40 2.27

5.18 5.30 6.32

5.28 6.08 7.28

2.01 2.19 2.63

3.10 3.96 4.97

0.38 0.43 0.39

0.42 0.39 0.40

0.08 0.06 0.09

0.13 0.11 0.14

0.15 0.16 0.31

0.19 0.19 0.30

8.70 8.99 9.77

7.24 8.48 9.55

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

34.33 34.25 30.88

15.33 14.93 12.35

42.26 37.56 37.70

13.20 13.87 14.79

9.25 8.71 8.59

2.91 2.92 3.28

3.05 2.96 2.93

3.56 3.65 3.39

1.25 1.11 1.21

2.09 2.24 2.65

2.10 1.99 2.06

0.30 0.33 0.42

76.59 71.81 68.58

28.53 28.80 27.15

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

21.96 23.60 26.97

17.55 18.95 17.24

13.69 14.89 18.14

31.72 34.13 40.29

1.84 2.22 2.86

8.44 8.94 9.31

1.37 1.48 1.72

0.59 0.63 0.62

0.37 0.50 0.72

7.18 7.24 8.38

0.68 0.89 1.23

2.13 2.87 3.74

35.65 38.49 45.12

49.27 53.08 57.54

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

16.49 16.19 15.30

8.74 8.09 7.39

15.85 15.22 15.96

13.51 14.31 16.49

2.83 3.02 3.28

2.12 2.27 2.46

1.47 1.48 1.38

1.36 1.31 1.27

0.61 0.60 0.66

2.24 2.48 3.06

0.50 0.60 0.64

1.16 1.43 1.90

32.34 31.41 31.26

22.25 22.40 23.88

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

56.05 57.90 51.02

30.22 30.60 26.29

37.39 37.06 41.15

15.43 17.08 15.95

14.15 15.85 16.12

2.22 1.95 1.74

2.53 2.55 2.40

0.41 0.37 0.36

3.36 3.70 3.91

4.86 4.40 3.38

0.34 0.23 0.49

0.02 0.04 0.06

93.44 94.96 92.17

45.65 47.68 42.24

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

14.38 15.84 15.67

10.63 9.12 10.08

8.70 9.64 9.52

6.38 7.74 8.84

2.21 2.96 3.55

3.11 3.81 4.15

0.49 0.47 0.39

0.23 0.23 0.24

0.21 0.28 0.26

0.97 0.97 0.91

0.37 0.30 0.63

0.07 0.19 0.31

23.08 25.48 25.19

17.01 16.86 18.92

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

6.63 5.86 4.98

6.87 6.06 4.95

7.04 6.42 6.04

4.78 4.46 4.37

0.35 0.38 0.41

0.29 0.28 0.28

0.46 0.42 0.38

0.53 0.50 0.45

0.08 0.07 0.07

0.22 0.21 0.19

0.03 0.04 0.04

0.40 0.37 0.44

13.67 12.28 11.01

11.65 10.52 9.32

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

5.36 5.35 4.66

6.21 5.37 4.19

2.65 2.42 2.18

16.87 16.07 15.12

0.16 0.16 0.17

0.15 0.12 0.09

0.91 0.90 0.78

0.13 0.14 0.09

0.10 0.08 0.08

0.04 0.03 0.03

0.01 0.01 0.01

2.23 2.29 2.14

8.01 7.77 6.84

23.08 21.44 19.30

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

25.24 25.91 23.54

19.91 18.88 15.11

20.70 20.85 20.77

24.25 25.08 26.17

4.13 4.48 4.49

4.32 4.38 4.76

3.74 3.70 3.52

2.88 2.93 2.89

1.13 1.18 1.23

2.92 2.77 3.11

0.34 0.35 0.41

3.84 4.14 4.49

45.94 46.76 44.31

44.16 43.96 41.28

243.72 219.14 237.87 222.82 245.92 245.75

50.04 53.68 55.30

37.39 37.94 40.91

23.83 23.72 23.07

18.03 17.72 16.85

Total merchandise a

1998 1999 2000

299.84 252.09 304.97 250.68 302.85 254.60

10.15 23.17 10.74 23.03 11.83 24.31

6.67 13.03 7.27 14.51 8.52 16.74

269.80 169.95 271.14 177.31 272.07 179.28

Appendix tables

Intra-EU (15)

543.56 471.23 542.84 473.50 548.77 500.35

a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

203

Table A17

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Italy (Billion dollars) C./E. Europe/

Agricultural products

Appendix tables

Latin America

Western Europe

exp

exp

exp

imp

imp

imp

Baltic States/CIS exp

imp

Africa

Middle East

exp

imp

exp

imp

Asia exp

imp

1998 1999 2000

1.66 1.73 1.86

2.12 1.76 2.05

0.25 0.21 0.24

2.29 2.06 2.16

12.57 13.07 11.58

22.12 21.99 19.89

0.76 0.60 0.65

1.27 1.14 1.24

0.62 0.56 0.57

1.68 1.61 1.52

0.37 0.34 0.29

0.22 0.20 0.26

0.84 0.86 0.88

2.27 2.00 2.24

Food

1998 1999 2000

1.56 1.62 1.75

0.93 0.66 0.71

0.22 0.19 0.20

1.91 1.68 1.68

11.46 11.92 10.49

17.39 17.34 15.25

0.68 0.52 0.52

0.53 0.50 0.45

0.55 0.49 0.51

0.99 1.01 0.89

0.34 0.31 0.26

0.08 0.09 0.08

0.72 0.68 0.68

0.91 0.81 0.84

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

0.10 0.10 0.11

1.19 1.09 1.34

0.03 0.02 0.04

0.38 0.39 0.48

1.11 1.15 1.09

4.73 4.64 4.64

0.08 0.08 0.12

0.74 0.64 0.79

0.08 0.07 0.06

0.69 0.60 0.63

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.14 0.11 0.18

0.12 0.18 0.20

1.35 1.19 1.40

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

0.22 0.26 0.70

1.14 1.01 1.06

0.36 0.26 0.13

1.28 1.35 1.67

3.80 3.93 5.38

7.44 6.92 8.52

0.27 0.25 0.29

2.29 3.50 5.65

0.60 0.53 0.84

5.28 5.74 9.20

0.30 0.30 0.48

3.19 3.74 6.51

0.19 0.26 0.29

0.71 0.63 0.78

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

0.03 0.04 0.06

0.29 0.19 0.23

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.49 0.47 0.56

0.42 0.46 0.51

1.96 1.59 1.76

0.07 0.06 0.06

0.32 0.29 0.29

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.28 0.22 0.26

0.04 0.03 0.04

0.04 0.03 0.03

0.08 0.08 0.09

0.30 0.28 0.33

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

0.11 0.15 0.52

0.44 0.40 0.46

0.31 0.22 0.08

0.20 0.20 0.38

1.44 1.64 2.90

1.72 1.77 2.56

0.09 0.09 0.11

1.41 2.58 4.18

0.49 0.43 0.75

4.83 5.35 8.77

0.16 0.18 0.36

3.07 3.61 6.37

0.04 0.09 0.10

0.33 0.25 0.29

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

0.08 0.07 0.11

0.41 0.42 0.37

0.04 0.03 0.04

0.59 0.68 0.73

1.93 1.83 1.96

3.76 3.56 4.20

0.10 0.10 0.12

0.56 0.64 1.18

0.08 0.06 0.06

0.16 0.17 0.17

0.10 0.08 0.09

0.07 0.11 0.10

0.08 0.10 0.10

0.08 0.10 0.16

1998 1999 2000

20.74 21.72 24.32

9.06 9.14 10.96

9.94 8.14 8.28

1.69 1.68 2.11

137.64 135.37 130.53

113.01 116.39 113.76

14.44 12.94 14.03

7.79 8.20 8.98

7.36 6.92 6.87

2.46 2.27 2.57

8.14 7.12 7.38

1.10 1.05 1.27

16.49 15.75 17.94

17.28 18.17 20.67

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

0.49 0.33 0.50

0.08 0.06 0.06

0.23 0.18 0.18

0.17 0.22 0.23

5.26 4.40 4.98

6.58 5.46 5.87

0.21 0.26 0.34

1.16 1.04 1.17

0.36 0.26 0.27

0.33 0.24 0.37

0.43 0.25 0.28

0.07 0.01 0.07

0.30 0.21 0.25

0.71 0.34 0.55

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

1.74 1.91 2.45

1.59 1.70 2.22

0.63 0.60 0.68

0.17 0.18 0.18

13.78 14.35 14.88

23.06 23.93 23.21

0.98 0.93 1.09

0.73 0.64 0.80

0.70 0.70 0.70

0.28 0.28 0.35

0.73 0.73 0.77

0.47 0.42 0.47

1.63 1.82 1.92

1.42 1.37 1.51

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

2.50 2.74 3.11

0.73 0.62 0.64

0.81 0.65 0.66

0.52 0.43 0.65

19.33 19.03 17.59

10.33 10.57 10.46

2.04 1.77 1.97

0.76 0.84 0.99

0.92 0.89 0.84

0.38 0.31 0.39

1.28 1.10 1.13

0.14 0.17 0.23

2.06 2.03 2.33

1.67 1.61 1.77

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

8.01 8.30 8.95

5.19 5.19 6.40

6.29 5.09 5.13

0.65 0.74 0.92

58.39 58.21 56.62

56.41 59.35 57.81

6.20 5.65 5.63

2.38 2.79 2.81

3.84 3.51 3.55

0.36 0.38 0.36

3.40 3.08 3.16

0.20 0.22 0.25

7.18 6.71 7.78

7.33 8.64 9.92

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

0.40 0.47 0.57

0.62 0.54 0.71

0.18 0.14 0.19

0.01 0.02 0.01

1.71 1.67 1.73

1.04 1.10 0.96

0.14 0.10 0.14

0.10 0.11 0.12

0.20 0.17 0.18

0.01 0.02 0.01

0.22 0.18 0.27

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.19 0.19 0.23

0.16 0.15 0.15

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

4.05 3.98 4.18

1.09 1.19 1.33

3.40 2.98 2.64

0.09 0.10 0.09

22.87 22.90 21.27

11.92 12.17 11.57

2.98 2.61 2.61

0.40 0.45 0.51

2.23 2.17 1.96

0.07 0.09 0.13

2.19 2.02 1.94

0.08 0.06 0.06

4.41 3.90 4.17

1.48 1.92 2.23

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

0.50 0.48 0.89

1.26 1.20 1.72

0.38 0.40 0.42

0.05 0.07 0.09

6.84 6.55 6.26

13.47 14.54 15.02

0.32 0.44 0.68

0.32 0.39 0.40

0.28 0.24 0.24

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.13 0.12 0.10

0.07 0.09 0.12

1.12 1.23 1.83

2.32 2.48 2.91

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

0.48 0.41 0.51

0.51 0.51 0.57

0.40 0.30 0.31

0.02 0.02 0.03

7.79 7.69 7.44

5.54 5.55 5.58

1.10 0.94 1.02

0.17 0.24 0.28

0.42 0.43 0.40

0.09 0.12 0.16

0.55 0.45 0.50

0.03 0.02 0.03

0.60 0.55 0.64

0.78 0.81 1.02

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

0.85 0.78 0.86

0.17 0.18 0.17

1.16 0.76 0.60

0.45 0.40 0.42

14.45 14.64 14.53

21.32 22.68 20.87

1.13 1.14 1.08

1.24 1.37 1.44

0.46 0.37 0.39

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.25 0.25 0.30

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.55 0.61 0.61

1.78 2.25 2.39

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

1.75 2.18 1.94

1.54 1.58 1.89

0.76 0.51 0.98

0.04 0.13 0.29

4.74 4.75 5.38

3.11 3.32 3.82

0.53 0.42 0.11

0.15 0.24 0.07

0.25 0.13 0.37

0.18 0.12 0.03

0.07 0.06 0.05

0.00 0.02 0.01

0.31 0.23 0.30

0.82 1.03 1.21

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

0.85 0.82 0.91

0.14 0.12 0.11

0.31 0.23 0.25

0.04 0.03 0.03

8.59 7.89 7.33

4.34 3.94 3.77

1.16 1.15 1.36

0.44 0.42 0.51

0.60 0.61 0.58

0.15 0.14 0.17

0.29 0.22 0.21

0.12 0.13 0.14

1.24 1.10 1.32

1.37 1.24 1.39

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

1.71 1.67 1.80

0.05 0.05 0.04

0.23 0.17 0.17

0.04 0.04 0.03

9.51 9.04 8.24

2.14 2.17 1.98

1.04 0.93 1.08

1.19 1.24 1.35

0.24 0.20 0.22

0.75 0.72 0.71

0.39 0.28 0.27

0.02 0.02 0.02

1.63 1.37 1.43

1.64 1.71 1.94

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

5.46 5.94 6.61

1.28 1.40 1.48

1.45 1.22 1.21

0.08 0.06 0.06

22.78 22.45 20.89

10.14 10.97 10.66

2.81 2.26 2.55

1.13 1.22 1.34

0.70 0.74 0.71

0.20 0.21 0.23

1.63 1.46 1.56

0.07 0.08 0.09

2.46 2.51 2.91

3.14 3.26 3.59

1998 1999 2000

22.82 23.80 27.00

12.53 12.08 14.21

10.63 8.63 8.67

5.26 5.11 5.98

155.49 152.65 147.76

146.64 147.04 144.12

15.55 13.80 14.97

12.87 12.95 16.13

8.68 8.01 8.30

12.82 11.22 14.60

8.87 7.77 8.17

4.53 5.01 8.05

17.75 16.88 19.13

20.57 20.85 23.80

Manufactures

Total merchandise a

204

North America

Table A17 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Italy (Billion dollars) Extra-EU

imp

imp

exp

1998 1999 2000

11.28 11.81 10.35

21.04 20.93 18.93

5.80 5.57 5.74

10.98 9.88 10.45

1.42 1.47 1.58

1.53 1.22 1.38

0.75 0.76 0.70

Food

1998 1999 2000

10.33 10.82 9.43

16.81 16.78 14.80

5.22 4.93 5.00

5.96 5.35 5.13

1.33 1.38 1.49

0.74 0.54 0.58

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

0.95 0.99 0.91

4.23 4.15 4.12

0.58 0.65 0.75

5.02 4.53 5.34

0.09 0.09 0.10

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

2.98 3.11 3.93

6.38 5.64 6.91

2.79 2.69 4.21

14.95 17.27 26.50

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

0.32 0.37 0.41

1.63 1.28 1.42

0.38 0.35 0.41

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

0.95 1.11 1.78

1.35 1.26 1.90

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

1.71 1.64 1.74

1998 1999 2000

Iron and steel

imp

China

World b

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

0.32 0.33 0.31

0.46 0.42 0.41

0.05 0.06 0.05

0.02 0.03 0.05

0.35 0.40 0.49

17.08 17.38 16.09

32.02 30.81 29.38

0.67 0.68 0.64

0.17 0.17 0.15

0.43 0.38 0.37

0.00 0.00 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.11 0.12 0.16

15.55 15.75 14.43

22.77 22.13 19.93

0.78 0.68 0.80

0.08 0.07 0.07

0.15 0.16 0.16

0.03 0.04 0.04

0.05 0.06 0.04

0.01 0.02 0.04

0.24 0.28 0.32

1.53 1.64 1.66

9.25 8.68 9.46

0.21 0.23 0.66

0.91 0.78 0.78

0.26 0.26 0.34

0.30 0.32 0.40

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.03 0.02 0.03

0.10 0.09 0.12

5.77 5.80 8.14

21.33 22.91 33.41

2.05 1.79 2.05

0.03 0.03 0.06

0.17 0.09 0.09

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.15 0.12 0.13

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.70 0.72 0.82

3.68 3.07 3.47

1.72 1.69 3.06

10.66 12.91 21.13

0.10 0.14 0.50

0.40 0.33 0.39

0.15 0.16 0.24

0.04 0.04 0.05

0.00 0.00 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.06 0.04 0.05

2.67 2.80 4.84

12.01 14.17 23.03

3.39 3.10 3.59

0.70 0.63 0.74

2.25 2.56 3.31

0.08 0.07 0.11

0.34 0.36 0.29

0.09 0.08 0.09

0.11 0.15 0.22

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.02 0.03

2.41 2.27 2.48

5.64 5.66 6.90

120.86 120.67 115.00

104.11 107.64 105.40

95.14 87.79 94.87

48.57 49.61 54.97

18.96 19.98 22.18

8.32 8.51 10.21

7.42 7.04 6.85

5.38 5.31 4.69

3.55 3.26 3.54

4.66 5.39 5.84

1.96 1.88 2.08

4.39 4.82 5.85

216.00 208.46 209.87

152.68 157.25 160.37

1998 1999 2000

4.60 3.88 4.37

6.00 5.02 5.33

2.68 2.00 2.44

3.11 2.36 2.99

0.43 0.30 0.45

0.07 0.06 0.06

0.24 0.23 0.28

0.10 0.09 0.12

0.01 0.00 0.01

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.04 0.04 0.13

7.28 5.88 6.81

9.11 7.38 8.32

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

11.56 12.24 12.78

20.81 21.58 21.31

8.62 8.81 9.71

6.98 6.98 7.45

1.61 1.79 2.32

1.54 1.66 2.17

1.25 1.22 1.07

1.91 2.05 1.61

0.35 0.36 0.38

0.47 0.51 0.57

0.17 0.16 0.18

0.29 0.27 0.30

20.18 21.05 22.49

27.79 28.56 28.76

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

17.17 17.06 15.62

9.40 9.66 9.51

11.77 11.15 12.02

5.14 4.89 5.62

2.18 2.40 2.74

0.63 0.53 0.56

0.90 0.86 0.81

0.36 0.37 0.35

0.25 0.22 0.24

0.22 0.22 0.19

0.16 0.20 0.22

0.37 0.43 0.52

28.94 28.21 27.64

14.54 14.55 15.13

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

52.02 52.95 50.70

53.86 56.86 55.45

42.50 38.08 40.60

18.85 20.68 23.07

7.29 7.60 7.95

4.66 4.76 5.89

2.16 2.02 2.00

1.65 1.47 1.30

0.80 0.75 0.83

3.24 3.96 4.38

1.30 1.22 1.35

1.09 1.25 1.57

94.52 91.03 91.30

72.71 77.54 78.52

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

1.52 1.53 1.58

0.92 0.97 0.87

1.52 1.40 1.73

1.04 0.98 1.11

0.35 0.36 0.50

0.59 0.48 0.65

0.06 0.06 0.07

0.06 0.08 0.05

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.05 0.05 0.06

0.02 0.03 0.02

0.06 0.05 0.05

3.04 2.93 3.31

1.96 1.95 1.98

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

19.78 20.46 18.69

10.79 11.16 10.55

22.34 20.11 20.08

4.38 4.86 5.37

3.58 3.51 3.70

1.03 1.13 1.27

0.96 0.93 0.90

0.93 0.81 0.84

0.39 0.32 0.38

0.83 1.02 1.08

0.96 0.94 0.99

0.21 0.32 0.42

42.12 40.57 38.77

15.17 16.02 15.92

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

6.28 5.99 5.59

13.33 14.38 14.87

3.28 3.47 4.83

4.25 4.48 5.41

0.49 0.47 0.85

0.96 0.95 1.45

0.15 0.15 0.13

0.07 0.08 0.07

0.08 0.02 0.02

0.58 0.57 0.71

0.13 0.14 0.18

0.44 0.51 0.57

9.56 9.46 10.42

17.58 18.86 20.28

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

7.06 7.05 6.76

5.07 5.10 5.20

4.28 3.72 4.07

2.10 2.20 2.46

0.45 0.39 0.48

0.50 0.50 0.56

0.24 0.24 0.24

0.33 0.32 0.23

0.05 0.06 0.07

0.20 0.23 0.28

0.06 0.05 0.08

0.27 0.29 0.40

11.34 10.77 10.83

7.17 7.30 7.66

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

13.37 13.73 13.29

20.93 22.22 20.34

5.48 4.83 5.07

4.05 4.70 4.97

0.78 0.72 0.80

0.16 0.16 0.15

0.34 0.37 0.40

0.04 0.04 0.03

0.20 0.27 0.26

1.08 1.43 1.51

0.05 0.03 0.04

0.01 0.02 0.02

18.85 18.56 18.36

24.98 26.92 25.31

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

4.00 4.19 4.79

2.81 3.03 3.62

5.62 4.55 4.82

3.04 3.47 3.73

1.65 2.15 1.63

1.43 1.54 1.81

0.41 0.27 0.26

0.21 0.14 0.08

0.06 0.07 0.08

0.49 0.66 0.74

0.08 0.02 0.05

0.09 0.07 0.11

9.62 8.74 9.61

5.85 6.50 7.35

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

7.71 7.14 6.55

3.63 3.27 3.09

5.32 4.87 5.41

2.97 2.75 3.03

0.73 0.72 0.81

0.14 0.12 0.11

0.29 0.27 0.24

0.22 0.18 0.17

0.35 0.27 0.30

0.16 0.16 0.15

0.10 0.09 0.10

0.31 0.28 0.35

13.03 12.01 11.96

6.60 6.02 6.12

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

8.30 7.89 7.13

1.69 1.74 1.55

6.44 5.78 6.09

4.16 4.22 4.52

1.60 1.58 1.70

0.05 0.05 0.04

0.71 0.68 0.64

0.07 0.06 0.06

0.96 0.81 0.79

0.01 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.67 0.78 0.91

14.74 13.67 13.22

5.85 5.96 6.07

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

19.49 19.51 17.85

8.73 9.51 9.16

17.81 17.09 18.60

7.35 7.73 8.29

5.12 5.59 6.22

1.23 1.34 1.39

1.85 1.77 1.81

1.06 1.09 1.09

0.84 0.85 0.99

0.53 0.51 0.52

0.20 0.18 0.20

1.62 1.77 2.05

37.30 36.60 36.45

16.08 17.24 17.45

1998 1999 2000

136.37 135.83 129.51

132.76 134.50 131.51

105.73 99.13 108.13

82.83 85.56 104.35

20.77 21.78 24.55

10.89 10.57 12.43

8.51 8.07 7.91

8.81 7.38 7.06

4.04 3.70 3.98

4.74 5.48 5.92

2.06 1.93 2.16

4.84 5.32 6.46

242.10 234.96 237.64

215.59 220.06 235.86

Total merchandise a

exp

Japan exp

Manufactures

imp

Switzerland

exp Agricultural products

exp

United States

Appendix tables

Intra-EU (15)

a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.

205

Table A18

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - United Kingdom (Billion dollars) C./E. Europe/

Agricultural products

Appendix tables

Latin America

Western Europe

exp

exp

exp

imp

imp

imp

Baltic States/CIS exp

imp

Africa

Middle East

exp

imp

exp

imp

Asia exp

imp

1998 1999 2000

1.70 1.68 1.63

2.81 2.47 2.61

0.94 0.75 0.69

2.60 2.53 2.40

12.68 11.13 10.37

23.15 22.74 21.12

0.57 0.35 0.35

0.68 0.70 0.77

0.74 0.76 0.72

2.27 2.13 1.80

0.85 0.88 0.81

0.35 0.35 0.31

2.00 2.06 2.11

3.42 3.42 3.37

Food

1998 1999 2000

1.57 1.62 1.56

1.98 1.74 1.79

0.93 0.73 0.67

2.29 2.25 2.04

11.33 10.35 9.48

19.99 19.68 18.10

0.51 0.31 0.31

0.24 0.22 0.24

0.59 0.65 0.62

2.04 1.95 1.61

0.82 0.87 0.79

0.33 0.33 0.29

1.77 1.81 1.85

2.81 2.85 2.74

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

0.13 0.06 0.07

0.83 0.73 0.83

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.30 0.29 0.36

1.34 0.78 0.88

3.16 3.06 3.02

0.07 0.05 0.05

0.44 0.48 0.53

0.15 0.11 0.11

0.23 0.18 0.19

0.03 0.01 0.02

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.24 0.26 0.26

0.62 0.57 0.62

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

2.64 4.17 7.99

2.75 1.86 2.45

0.27 0.22 0.16

1.00 1.00 1.40

12.78 13.38 19.62

8.59 9.10 13.47

0.34 0.26 0.35

1.75 1.57 2.11

0.30 0.19 0.37

1.31 1.60 2.11

0.18 0.17 0.23

0.62 0.55 1.43

0.72 1.14 1.65

1.28 1.09 1.14

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

0.18 0.24 0.22

0.94 0.89 1.11

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.18 0.16 0.22

1.32 1.00 1.15

0.88 0.86 1.17

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.21 0.32 0.27

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.43 0.65 0.25

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.05 0.03 0.06

0.15 0.24 0.37

0.48 0.35 0.36

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

1.90 3.45 6.78

0.54 0.31 0.37

0.22 0.17 0.09

0.36 0.41 0.64

8.81 10.28 15.93

4.67 5.69 9.42

0.19 0.11 0.16

0.61 0.58 1.26

0.22 0.13 0.27

0.75 0.72 1.44

0.04 0.07 0.15

0.51 0.45 1.32

0.08 0.42 0.49

0.32 0.33 0.32

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

0.56 0.49 0.99

1.27 0.65 0.97

0.04 0.04 0.06

0.46 0.44 0.54

2.66 2.10 2.54

3.04 2.54 2.88

0.12 0.12 0.16

0.93 0.67 0.57

0.05 0.03 0.07

0.13 0.23 0.42

0.13 0.08 0.06

0.07 0.06 0.05

0.50 0.49 0.79

0.47 0.42 0.46

1998 1999 2000

35.55 35.13 36.86

40.59 35.28 39.48

4.66 3.47 3.39

1.79 1.88 2.42

144.89 136.00 139.48

154.01 152.75 151.39

6.50 5.61 6.33

4.85 4.88 5.70

6.66 5.61 5.42

2.73 2.97 4.66

10.59 7.69 7.87

4.01 3.70 3.41

24.27 22.38 23.94

52.07 53.81 60.39

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

0.62 0.49 0.55

0.21 0.22 0.19

0.08 0.07 0.07

0.05 0.05 0.05

3.90 2.91 3.01

4.35 3.30 3.32

0.13 0.11 0.09

0.27 0.17 0.29

0.17 0.13 0.11

0.14 0.13 0.16

0.24 0.18 0.13

0.01 0.00 0.02

0.39 0.32 0.36

0.46 0.28 0.30

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

4.82 5.82 6.01

3.63 3.70 4.23

1.17 0.99 0.88

0.18 0.16 0.15

23.24 20.32 20.90

22.92 22.79 23.25

1.16 0.99 1.06

0.47 0.50 0.47

1.16 0.92 0.81

0.20 0.17 0.17

1.47 1.20 1.10

0.22 0.21 0.26

3.83 3.85 3.84

2.33 2.04 2.17

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

2.35 2.34 2.41

2.62 2.77 2.89

0.31 0.24 0.20

0.30 0.29 0.33

13.14 13.42 13.12

18.95 19.36 18.10

0.45 0.40 0.46

1.35 1.23 1.32

0.57 0.46 0.49

0.63 0.77 2.21

1.12 1.22 1.24

0.33 0.33 0.31

2.35 2.36 2.66

3.07 3.20 3.59

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

21.18 19.42 20.33

26.40 20.69 23.45

2.50 1.71 1.74

0.88 1.03 1.52

81.17 77.67 82.17

79.84 80.34 81.12

3.47 2.97 3.40

1.76 1.88 2.31

3.34 2.84 2.84

0.58 0.61 0.68

5.85 3.55 3.91

2.18 1.87 1.66

13.02 11.69 12.99

29.61 31.34 35.52

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

4.72 4.82 4.01

2.92 3.05 2.85

0.24 0.22 0.17

0.09 0.05 0.08

4.12 4.48 4.26

2.31 2.44 2.24

0.14 0.10 0.12

0.06 0.05 0.09

0.30 0.27 0.28

0.10 0.11 0.13

0.72 0.72 0.78

0.68 0.86 0.54

1.65 1.78 1.94

1.28 1.45 1.46

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

4.27 3.88 3.67

3.74 3.57 3.70

0.71 0.53 0.43

0.10 0.10 0.11

12.73 11.73 10.73

13.21 12.35 11.39

1.00 0.80 0.73

0.21 0.18 0.19

1.21 0.96 0.86

0.11 0.14 0.17

1.16 0.92 0.94

0.26 0.17 0.20

2.90 2.60 2.58

2.92 2.71 2.91

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

4.43 4.68 6.01

9.04 9.26 11.87

0.46 0.28 0.31

0.34 0.72 1.08

31.41 32.18 34.64

20.90 22.65 25.65

1.21 0.95 1.37

0.50 0.57 0.64

0.80 0.74 0.92

0.10 0.11 0.12

0.82 0.88 1.24

0.52 0.50 0.58

4.11 4.03 4.96

16.03 17.83 21.07

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

1.58 1.69 2.00

2.42 2.51 2.88

0.19 0.17 0.15

0.06 0.05 0.10

7.38 7.05 7.49

7.28 7.09 7.13

0.57 0.59 0.64

0.36 0.50 0.63

0.36 0.32 0.27

0.06 0.06 0.08

0.58 0.60 0.56

0.14 0.18 0.13

1.63 1.60 1.80

3.63 4.07 5.09

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

3.02 3.65 3.94

0.93 1.35 1.25

0.70 0.42 0.45

0.05 0.06 0.08

19.36 19.90 18.66

32.14 33.58 29.90

0.45 0.46 0.47

0.53 0.55 0.68

0.44 0.39 0.37

0.10 0.16 0.16

0.45 0.31 0.29

0.11 0.13 0.18

1.74 1.32 1.37

4.38 4.28 3.83

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

3.15 0.70 0.69

7.33 0.95 0.89

0.19 0.09 0.24

0.23 0.05 0.08

6.18 2.34 6.37

3.99 2.22 4.83

0.10 0.07 0.08

0.09 0.03 0.08

0.23 0.16 0.13

0.10 0.03 0.02

2.13 0.11 0.11

0.47 0.04 0.03

0.99 0.36 0.33

1.37 0.99 1.16

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

0.45 0.42 0.39

0.53 0.44 0.41

0.07 0.05 0.05

0.02 0.02 0.03

3.63 2.67 2.50

5.48 4.86 4.37

0.33 0.32 0.35

0.13 0.12 0.15

0.24 0.26 0.26

0.15 0.12 0.13

0.17 0.14 0.13

0.14 0.14 0.13

0.54 0.53 0.51

1.86 1.70 1.71

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

0.30 0.25 0.23

0.22 0.21 0.21

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.03 0.04 0.04

3.51 3.25 2.86

4.83 4.74 4.24

0.14 0.16 0.20

0.57 0.62 0.72

0.30 0.26 0.27

0.79 0.90 1.02

0.28 0.23 0.22

0.34 0.36 0.32

0.37 0.32 0.32

5.20 5.68 6.44

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

5.83 6.39 6.94

6.98 7.25 8.12

0.51 0.40 0.42

0.32 0.29 0.30

16.30 15.76 14.90

17.62 17.36 16.99

0.81 0.67 0.78

0.30 0.37 0.45

0.87 0.74 0.65

0.25 0.27 0.28

1.46 1.17 1.14

0.79 0.78 0.72

3.77 3.30 3.26

9.55 9.58 10.67

1998 1999 2000

40.22 41.18 46.78

47.06 40.15 45.10

5.94 4.56 4.26

5.42 5.45 6.25

171.15 161.14 170.20

186.54 185.16 186.68

7.47 6.24 7.05

7.31 7.18 8.61

7.80 6.65 6.61

6.37 6.75 8.60

12.99 8.78 8.94

5.07 4.63 5.18

27.41 25.69 27.78

57.04 58.51 65.16

Manufactures

Total merchandise a

206

North America

Table A18 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - United Kingdom (Billion dollars) Extra-EU

imp

imp

exp

1998 1999 2000

11.97 10.55 9.82

21.80 21.47 19.92

7.52 7.13 6.85

13.48 12.96 12.57

1.43 1.47 1.42

2.12 1.79 1.89

0.48 0.43 0.40

Food

1998 1999 2000

10.79 9.84 9.02

18.74 18.51 16.99

6.72 6.56 6.26

10.95 10.51 9.81

1.31 1.41 1.36

1.56 1.33 1.38

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

1.16 0.71 0.79

3.06 2.97 2.94

0.81 0.58 0.59

2.54 2.45 2.75

0.12 0.06 0.06

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

12.28 12.92 19.03

4.86 5.15 6.46

4.96 6.80 11.43

12.44 11.71 17.67

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

1.20 0.93 1.07

0.74 0.61 0.99

0.53 0.63 0.76

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

8.58 10.00 15.55

1.80 2.49 3.16

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

2.50 1.99 2.42

1998 1999 2000

Iron and steel

imp

Switzerland

World b

imp

exp

imp

exp

imp

0.06 0.07 0.08

0.32 0.26 0.22

0.06 0.06 0.06

0.13 0.13 0.12

0.12 0.12 0.19

19.49 17.68 16.67

35.28 34.43 32.49

0.45 0.41 0.38

0.02 0.03 0.04

0.30 0.25 0.20

0.05 0.04 0.05

0.12 0.12 0.11

0.12 0.11 0.19

17.51 16.40 15.28

29.69 29.02 26.80

0.55 0.46 0.51

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.04 0.04 0.05

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.02 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.00 0.01

1.97 1.29 1.38

5.60 5.42 5.69

2.47 3.98 7.54

1.97 1.20 1.60

0.21 0.23 0.34

0.20 0.15 0.18

0.07 0.07 0.07

0.05 0.02 0.03

0.12 0.08 0.10

0.35 0.27 0.27

17.24 19.72 30.46

17.30 16.86 24.13

2.42 2.75 2.48

0.15 0.18 0.16

0.49 0.47 0.60

0.02 0.03 0.02

0.04 0.05 0.07

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.03 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.00 0.01

0.03 0.15 0.10

1.73 1.56 1.83

3.16 3.36 3.47

2.86 4.78 8.37

5.96 6.01 11.61

1.80 3.34 6.42

0.44 0.23 0.27

0.01 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.01 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

11.44 14.78 23.92

7.76 8.50 14.77

2.32 2.05 2.31

1.56 1.40 2.30

4.06 2.95 3.58

0.52 0.46 0.96

1.04 0.49 0.73

0.18 0.19 0.31

0.15 0.10 0.10

0.05 0.05 0.05

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.10 0.07 0.08

0.32 0.12 0.16

4.06 3.39 4.72

6.38 5.00 5.89

133.05 126.53 129.27

141.97 140.19 139.46

100.08 98.46 100.30

118.09 124.49 135.38

32.37 31.72 32.87

37.82 32.08 35.50

4.63 4.51 4.63

15.43 14.98 15.38

4.08 3.32 3.58

7.53 8.18 9.16

4.69 4.14 4.42

7.87 8.48 7.83

233.13 224.99 229.57

260.06 264.68 274.84

1998 1999 2000

3.50 2.68 2.79

4.01 2.99 3.03

2.05 1.53 1.53

1.49 1.18 1.29

0.54 0.43 0.48

0.18 0.20 0.17

0.04 0.02 0.03

0.19 0.09 0.06

0.05 0.05 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.11 0.07 0.06

0.04 0.05 0.06

5.55 4.21 4.32

5.50 4.17 4.32

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

21.50 18.94 19.53

21.29 21.16 21.65

15.35 15.70 15.42

8.67 8.91 9.24

4.34 5.40 5.56

3.47 3.56 4.08

0.97 1.07 1.02

0.68 0.64 0.67

0.35 0.30 0.29

0.05 0.06 0.07

0.80 0.58 0.57

1.23 1.27 1.23

36.85 34.64 34.95

29.96 30.07 30.89

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

11.87 12.54 11.90

15.09 14.55 13.83

8.43 7.89 8.68

12.16 13.48 14.91

2.10 2.00 2.17

2.21 2.06 2.15

0.29 0.25 0.26

0.56 0.58 0.56

0.29 0.22 0.27

0.39 0.38 0.44

0.66 0.41 0.79

3.24 4.19 3.70

20.30 20.43 20.58

27.25 28.03 28.74

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

75.42 73.02 76.94

76.96 77.86 78.78

55.12 55.27 56.35

64.28 68.69 74.67

19.25 17.25 17.61

24.61 18.80 20.95

2.22 2.11 2.23

11.94 11.96 12.49

2.48 2.04 2.32

2.52 2.90 3.40

1.69 1.78 1.75

1.58 1.31 1.27

130.54 128.29 133.29

141.24 146.55 153.45

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

3.78 4.14 3.86

2.04 2.13 1.95

8.11 8.24 7.71

5.41 5.89 5.43

4.22 4.25 3.51

2.62 2.62 2.49

0.14 0.18 0.22

0.55 0.58 0.56

0.43 0.53 0.75

0.09 0.21 0.23

0.10 0.15 0.20

0.13 0.15 0.17

11.89 12.38 11.57

7.45 8.02 7.38

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

11.21 10.59 9.65

12.15 11.49 10.64

12.77 10.82 10.28

8.41 7.73 8.02

3.96 3.55 3.35

3.50 3.30 3.44

0.39 0.37 0.42

1.88 1.81 1.92

0.25 0.20 0.21

0.09 0.08 0.09

0.26 0.23 0.26

0.69 0.57 0.52

23.98 21.41 19.93

20.56 19.22 18.66

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

29.74 30.35 32.67

20.39 22.11 25.02

13.49 13.69 16.93

27.05 29.64 36.10

4.00 3.76 4.55

8.42 8.54 10.37

0.78 0.78 0.82

3.95 4.16 4.46

0.97 0.74 0.85

1.48 1.73 2.07

0.77 0.89 0.79

0.24 0.25 0.26

43.23 44.04 49.60

47.44 51.75 61.12

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

6.93 6.60 7.01

6.76 6.61 6.68

5.37 5.42 5.91

7.18 7.85 9.36

1.46 1.54 1.79

2.29 2.40 2.72

0.24 0.25 0.29

1.33 1.46 1.85

0.37 0.38 0.35

0.71 0.84 0.94

0.16 0.18 0.19

0.29 0.27 0.24

12.30 12.02 12.92

13.94 14.46 16.04

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

18.45 19.20 17.79

31.97 33.39 29.73

7.71 7.26 7.77

6.29 6.72 6.35

2.87 3.48 3.76

0.89 1.09 1.11

0.53 0.48 0.45

3.51 3.32 3.04

0.35 0.15 0.13

0.02 0.02 0.01

0.27 0.31 0.28

0.04 0.05 0.05

26.16 26.46 25.56

38.26 40.11 36.08

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

5.31 2.15 5.94

3.64 2.11 4.77

7.67 9.82 7.77

9.94 10.88 9.41

2.75 0.66 0.65

6.89 0.85 0.82

0.13 0.04 0.04

0.71 0.62 0.67

0.10 0.04 0.03

0.13 0.02 0.05

0.13 0.02 0.04

0.19 0.01 0.02

12.98 11.97 13.71

13.58 12.99 14.18

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

3.40 2.50 2.34

4.97 4.41 3.91

2.03 1.98 1.87

3.34 3.00 3.01

0.40 0.38 0.36

0.51 0.42 0.39

0.11 0.07 0.08

0.10 0.10 0.08

0.12 0.14 0.13

0.10 0.10 0.10

0.06 0.04 0.04

0.11 0.09 0.07

5.43 4.48 4.21

8.31 7.41 6.92

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

3.27 3.04 2.66

4.14 3.91 3.23

1.65 1.45 1.45

7.84 8.62 9.76

0.27 0.23 0.21

0.19 0.18 0.17

0.17 0.13 0.12

0.03 0.03 0.04

0.07 0.06 0.06

1.93 2.09 2.27

0.08 0.07 0.06

0.06 0.06 0.06

4.92 4.49 4.11

11.98 12.53 12.99

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

14.11 13.81 13.11

15.50 15.31 15.03

15.45 14.63 14.98

20.31 20.60 22.51

5.46 6.03 6.49

6.65 6.87 7.59

0.83 0.85 0.90

1.94 1.59 1.49

0.72 0.52 0.47

2.53 2.64 2.87

1.30 1.19 1.14

1.59 1.51 1.44

29.56 28.44 28.09

35.81 35.91 37.54

1998 1999 2000

157.63 150.39 158.63

169.17 167.17 166.35

116.21 118.87 120.84

146.49 153.20 167.91

36.51 37.33 41.97

42.72 35.56 39.49

5.34 5.18 5.39

15.82 15.27 15.76

4.47 3.66 3.88

7.65 8.27 9.27

4.96 4.36 4.64

8.36 8.88 8.30

273.84 269.26 279.47

315.66 320.37 334.26

Total merchandise a

exp

Hong Kong, China exp

Manufactures

imp

Japan

exp Agricultural products

exp

United States

Appendix tables

Intra-EU

a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

207

Table A19

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Japan (Billion dollars) C./E. Europe/

Agricultural products

Appendix tables

Latin America

Western Europe

exp

exp

exp

imp

imp

imp

Baltic States/CIS exp

imp

Africa

Middle East

exp

imp

exp

imp

Asia exp

imp

1998 1999 2000

0.59 0.67 0.67

21.35 22.11 23.09

0.06 0.06 0.05

4.52 4.33 4.35

0.46 0.47 0.46

5.95 6.69 6.87

0.02 0.02 0.02

1.58 2.02 2.09

0.06 0.05 0.06

1.40 1.40 1.40

0.08 0.07 0.05

0.12 0.12 0.13

2.83 2.87 3.08

21.66 23.08 24.26

Food

1998 1999 2000

0.40 0.47 0.46

16.18 16.90 17.53

0.02 0.03 0.02

3.73 3.52 3.45

0.11 0.11 0.12

5.09 5.56 5.65

0.01 0.01 0.01

1.10 1.34 1.44

0.02 0.01 0.02

1.06 1.08 1.05

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.10 0.10 0.10

1.45 1.51 1.52

17.21 18.47 19.36

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

0.19 0.20 0.21

5.17 5.21 5.56

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.79 0.82 0.90

0.35 0.36 0.34

0.86 1.13 1.22

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.48 0.68 0.65

0.03 0.04 0.04

0.34 0.31 0.35

0.05 0.04 0.03

0.02 0.03 0.03

1.38 1.36 1.57

4.45 4.61 4.90

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

0.89 0.86 1.06

4.17 3.69 3.94

0.07 0.06 0.07

3.26 3.54 4.10

0.37 0.37 0.49

1.29 1.45 1.61

0.04 0.02 0.03

1.51 1.84 2.60

0.01 0.02 0.02

1.93 2.21 2.93

0.08 0.09 0.07

24.23 28.98 47.85

4.52 4.88 5.70

23.63 25.11 35.36

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

0.03 0.03 0.05

1.11 1.06 1.19

0.00 0.00 0.00

2.01 2.13 2.48

0.07 0.07 0.10

0.33 0.36 0.29

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.07 0.07 0.08

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.41 0.39 0.42

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.08 0.08 0.12

0.73 0.77 0.91

4.81 4.80 5.71

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

0.27 0.31 0.40

2.05 1.75 1.77

0.04 0.03 0.04

0.24 0.43 0.47

0.05 0.03 0.04

0.15 0.23 0.11

0.03 0.02 0.01

0.23 0.21 0.27

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.43 0.58 0.69

0.01 0.01 0.00

23.82 28.68 47.48

0.83 0.83 1.03

16.36 17.99 26.63

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

0.60 0.52 0.61

1.01 0.89 0.98

0.03 0.03 0.03

1.00 0.98 1.15

0.25 0.26 0.35

0.82 0.86 1.21

0.01 0.01 0.02

1.22 1.56 2.25

0.01 0.02 0.02

1.09 1.23 1.81

0.07 0.08 0.07

0.34 0.21 0.25

2.96 3.29 3.75

2.46 2.31 3.01

1998 1999 2000

120.19 130.56 144.28

48.25 47.91 52.54

13.64 11.17 12.88

1.14 1.33 2.08

73.99 75.98 79.09

35.40 38.71 42.30

2.29 1.94 2.42

0.62 0.67 0.95

4.66 4.38 4.03

0.51 0.42 0.59

12.36 9.85 9.61

1.10 1.19 1.24

132.01 152.11 190.62

71.71 87.41 112.97

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

3.55 1.75 1.64

0.17 0.15 0.20

0.67 0.51 0.65

0.18 0.14 0.16

0.94 0.61 0.62

0.23 0.20 0.25

0.07 0.09 0.07

0.12 0.14 0.15

0.31 0.22 0.22

0.33 0.25 0.30

0.73 0.63 0.53

0.00 0.01 0.01

8.60 9.64 11.10

2.17 2.06 2.60

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

6.15 6.60 7.28

6.56 6.81 7.82

0.53 0.51 0.54

0.36 0.33 0.35

5.26 5.42 5.50

8.81 10.49 11.15

0.07 0.07 0.08

0.11 0.10 0.13

0.14 0.13 0.15

0.08 0.04 0.05

0.23 0.22 0.21

0.41 0.42 0.48

14.86 17.77 21.40

4.23 4.59 6.05

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

4.98 5.23 5.43

2.96 2.81 3.07

0.68 0.65 0.69

0.09 0.09 0.10

2.85 2.89 2.91

2.30 2.38 2.58

0.13 0.16 0.17

0.07 0.08 0.08

0.40 0.38 0.32

0.05 0.06 0.04

0.70 0.60 0.60

0.38 0.36 0.37

7.34 8.30 9.86

6.29 7.85 9.08

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

94.60 104.19 116.17

29.24 28.72 30.48

11.01 8.80 10.19

0.32 0.52 1.17

56.42 58.13 61.56

14.20 15.40 17.43

1.87 1.48 1.94

0.21 0.23 0.45

3.59 3.41 3.14

0.01 0.02 0.15

9.81 7.59 7.49

0.18 0.26 0.22

84.74 96.04 122.41

30.73 40.09 56.17

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

1.21 1.63 1.93

2.10 2.14 2.60

0.23 0.30 0.40

0.00 0.01 0.01

1.11 0.85 0.89

0.50 0.55 0.60

0.01 0.03 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.06 0.04 0.05

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.44 0.26 0.22

0.00 0.00 0.00

3.17 2.49 2.91

1.06 1.08 1.24

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

14.52 13.50 15.80

3.86 3.70 3.96

1.82 1.45 1.54

0.04 0.04 0.05

8.97 9.47 10.12

3.61 3.17 3.50

0.35 0.35 0.36

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.63 0.62 0.54

0.00 0.00 0.00

1.26 1.31 1.14

0.05 0.04 0.04

20.21 23.54 31.27

2.72 3.02 3.60

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

29.85 31.33 34.33

12.86 12.16 14.59

2.02 1.78 1.95

0.16 0.33 0.73

19.60 20.09 23.22

2.95 3.55 4.78

0.49 0.33 0.43

0.17 0.18 0.23

0.22 0.24 0.23

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.89 0.54 0.57

0.11 0.17 0.13

31.96 37.05 47.45

20.29 27.66 40.39

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

6.62 7.61 9.41

2.95 3.15 4.05

1.15 1.17 1.43

0.04 0.04 0.06

5.34 5.72 7.17

1.47 1.57 1.74

0.15 0.12 0.33

0.02 0.02 0.06

0.20 0.24 0.13

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.63 0.50 0.55

0.02 0.05 0.05

14.17 16.68 20.77

5.33 6.61 8.82

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

36.62 43.19 47.16

2.09 1.96 2.31

4.90 3.41 3.90

0.04 0.09 0.29

16.55 16.77 14.65

5.01 5.68 6.02

0.83 0.60 0.71

0.01 0.01 0.15

2.19 1.96 1.87

0.01 0.01 0.12

5.53 4.51 4.66

0.00 0.00 0.00

10.98 12.29 15.13

0.66 0.85 1.07

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

5.78 6.92 7.53

5.37 5.61 2.98

0.89 0.69 0.97

0.03 0.01 0.04

4.84 5.23 5.51

0.66 0.87 0.80

0.04 0.05 0.09

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.29 0.31 0.32

0.00 0.00 0.00

1.07 0.47 0.35

0.00 0.00 0.00

4.25 3.98 4.89

0.67 0.87 1.05

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

0.59 0.60 0.62

0.34 0.32 0.35

0.07 0.06 0.06

0.04 0.03 0.03

0.74 0.73 0.67

0.82 0.73 0.73

0.02 0.01 0.02

0.01 0.02 0.02

0.03 0.04 0.03

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.37 0.29 0.27

0.03 0.04 0.04

4.16 4.87 5.35

3.11 3.40 3.75

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

0.08 0.08 0.10

0.54 0.51 0.50

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.06 0.06 0.07

0.11 0.12 0.12

1.84 1.62 1.52

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.00

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.20 0.25 0.31

12.23 14.16 17.57

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

10.23 12.11 13.04

8.45 8.58 10.12

0.68 0.64 0.75

0.09 0.14 0.20

7.67 8.07 7.70

7.19 7.90 8.65

0.13 0.12 0.14

0.07 0.07 0.08

0.20 0.20 0.18

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.51 0.52 0.50

0.09 0.10 0.11

12.12 15.24 20.19

12.95 15.25 17.75

1998 1999 2000

126.22 136.76 151.66

75.23 75.55 81.31

14.01 11.49 13.22

8.97 9.25 10.60

77.19 79.52 83.42

43.49 47.82 51.66

2.40 2.02 2.52

3.76 4.63 5.78

4.80 4.52 4.20

3.88 4.05 4.93

12.76 10.17 9.98

25.51 30.33 49.25

144.34 166.00 207.49

119.79 138.32 176.13

Manufactures

Total merchandise a

208

North America

Table A19 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Japan (Billion dollars)

exp Agricultural products

imp

EU (15) exp

China

imp

exp

imp

Taipei, Chinese

Korea, Rep of

exp

exp

imp

exp

imp

imp

Hong Kong, China

World b exp

imp

1998 1999 2000

0.55 0.63 0.62

17.00 17.36 17.86

0.43 0.45 0.44

5.19 5.69 5.94

0.53 0.51 0.63

5.45 6.23 7.03

0.60 0.59 0.51

1.09 1.23 1.24

0.26 0.42 0.52

1.83 2.15 1.93

0.50 0.49 0.52

0.09 0.07 0.06

4.09 4.21 4.39

56.59 59.75 62.19

Food

1998 1999 2000

0.37 0.44 0.42

13.76 14.34 14.86

0.10 0.10 0.11

4.35 4.59 4.75

0.10 0.10 0.14

4.68 5.33 5.95

0.39 0.43 0.36

0.87 1.01 1.00

0.09 0.20 0.26

1.65 1.94 1.73

0.38 0.38 0.40

0.09 0.06 0.05

2.05 2.17 2.17

44.46 46.96 48.58

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

0.18 0.19 0.20

3.24 3.02 2.99

0.33 0.34 0.32

0.83 1.10 1.19

0.43 0.40 0.49

0.77 0.90 1.07

0.20 0.17 0.16

0.22 0.22 0.23

0.17 0.22 0.27

0.18 0.21 0.20

0.13 0.11 0.12

0.00 0.00 0.00

2.04 2.05 2.22

12.12 12.79 13.61

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

0.87 0.85 1.03

2.33 2.15 2.45

0.35 0.35 0.46

0.99 1.07 1.26

0.86 1.03 1.18

2.34 2.22 3.26

1.02 1.05 1.08

0.27 0.23 0.31

0.80 1.01 1.30

1.35 2.15 3.68

0.66 0.45 0.53

0.04 0.04 0.04

5.99 6.30 7.44

60.02 66.81 98.39

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

0.03 0.03 0.04

0.69 0.66 0.73

0.06 0.06 0.09

0.29 0.31 0.25

0.20 0.23 0.33

0.39 0.40 0.49

0.13 0.14 0.12

0.09 0.09 0.14

0.27 0.28 0.36

0.09 0.07 0.10

0.04 0.02 0.02

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.84 0.88 1.06

8.81 8.89 10.30

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

0.26 0.31 0.39

1.01 0.94 1.13

0.05 0.03 0.04

0.05 0.10 0.05

0.24 0.20 0.22

1.52 1.38 2.18

0.10 0.12 0.07

0.01 0.01 0.03

0.12 0.19 0.27

1.12 1.96 3.42

0.13 0.09 0.13

0.00 0.00 0.00

1.24 1.23 1.52

43.27 49.89 77.43

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

0.58 0.51 0.59

0.63 0.55 0.59

0.24 0.25 0.34

0.64 0.65 0.97

0.42 0.59 0.63

0.43 0.44 0.60

0.78 0.79 0.89

0.17 0.12 0.15

0.41 0.53 0.67

0.14 0.12 0.17

0.49 0.34 0.38

0.00 0.01 0.01

3.91 4.20 4.85

7.94 8.04 10.66

1998 1999 2000

113.99 123.77 136.80

46.75 46.24 50.54

68.90 71.57 74.83

32.20 35.30 38.79

18.31 21.21 27.78

29.11 34.11 44.37

23.12 26.19 33.01

8.41 10.93 15.81

13.87 20.86 27.81

8.63 11.55 14.51

20.47 20.19 25.05

1.39 1.44 1.36

365.56 393.14 449.69

158.73 177.67 212.67

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

3.22 1.56 1.42

0.16 0.14 0.19

0.62 0.43 0.46

0.19 0.17 0.22

1.51 1.53 2.13

0.43 0.38 0.62

1.42 1.35 1.38

0.35 0.37 0.43

1.17 1.92 2.50

1.14 1.08 1.27

1.05 0.91 0.96

0.00 0.00 0.00

14.87 13.46 14.83

3.20 2.95 3.66

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

6.02 6.44 7.11

6.29 6.51 7.48

4.91 5.04 5.14

7.72 9.31 10.05

2.32 3.00 3.98

1.26 1.31 1.60

3.48 3.99 4.91

0.59 0.63 0.95

2.66 3.50 4.21

0.83 0.87 1.16

1.93 2.08 2.35

0.02 0.02 0.02

27.24 30.72 35.16

20.57 22.78 26.04

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

4.66 4.93 5.11

2.56 2.39 2.65

2.60 2.68 2.71

2.21 2.30 2.48

1.08 1.23 1.58

1.89 2.17 2.78

1.24 1.35 1.57

0.52 0.54 0.62

0.65 0.94 1.15

0.61 0.78 0.98

1.24 1.26 1.33

0.10 0.13 0.14

17.08 18.21 19.96

12.14 13.63 15.31

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

89.58 98.49 109.92

28.76 28.10 29.63

52.59 54.84 58.40

13.54 14.81 16.77

10.37 11.63 15.35

7.69 9.19 12.99

14.02 15.59 19.23

4.91 7.28 11.40

7.66 11.87 15.94

3.67 5.85 8.08

12.67 11.92 15.91

0.71 0.78 0.72

268.47 286.79 329.66

74.88 85.29 106.07

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

1.16 1.47 1.82

2.09 2.12 2.57

0.84 0.79 0.85

0.47 0.51 0.54

0.87 0.48 0.51

0.54 0.59 0.69

0.40 0.31 0.27

0.07 0.07 0.07

0.37 0.35 0.39

0.08 0.07 0.07

0.17 0.18 0.19

0.01 0.00 0.00

6.23 5.60 6.42

3.67 3.78 4.45

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

13.77 12.85 15.05

3.77 3.63 3.88

8.35 9.07 9.60

3.20 2.83 3.12

3.27 3.71 4.59

0.77 0.83 1.08

4.81 5.75 7.26

0.50 0.51 0.60

1.87 3.18 5.13

0.47 0.55 0.66

2.00 2.02 2.66

0.03 0.03 0.03

47.76 50.24 60.77

10.30 9.99 11.16

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

28.89 30.35 33.24

12.68 11.94 14.17

19.22 19.72 22.86

2.88 3.47 4.67

2.90 3.63 5.25

3.57 4.26 6.42

4.72 5.35 6.59

3.48 5.66 9.43

2.92 4.66 6.13

2.58 4.53 6.43

5.76 6.06 7.98

0.53 0.56 0.54

85.03 91.37 108.18

36.55 44.06 60.87

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

6.43 7.38 9.03

2.88 3.06 3.97

5.10 5.50 6.92

1.35 1.48 1.64

2.09 2.55 3.39

2.47 3.04 4.15

2.32 2.66 3.22

0.52 0.63 0.82

2.03 2.98 3.37

0.43 0.52 0.70

2.43 2.62 3.51

0.12 0.15 0.13

28.25 32.04 39.79

9.82 11.45 14.77

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

33.99 40.04 43.92

2.02 1.82 2.16

14.84 15.32 13.18

5.01 5.67 6.02

0.93 0.90 1.31

0.10 0.14 0.20

1.20 1.09 1.30

0.14 0.18 0.21

0.34 0.50 0.66

0.06 0.09 0.14

1.44 0.72 0.91

0.00 0.00 0.00

77.61 82.73 88.08

7.81 8.60 9.96

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

5.35 6.41 6.87

5.33 5.54 2.87

4.24 4.45 4.98

0.64 0.85 0.78

0.30 0.36 0.30

0.24 0.33 0.45

0.58 0.42 0.59

0.19 0.23 0.28

0.13 0.20 0.26

0.06 0.09 0.08

0.87 0.32 0.66

0.01 0.03 0.02

23.59 24.80 26.43

6.73 7.41 4.87

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

0.55 0.56 0.58

0.33 0.32 0.35

0.69 0.69 0.62

0.77 0.69 0.69

1.79 2.26 2.58

1.54 1.73 2.04

0.35 0.33 0.33

0.26 0.26 0.28

0.29 0.37 0.41

0.34 0.39 0.40

0.78 0.84 0.89

0.01 0.01 0.01

5.97 6.60 7.02

4.36 4.55 4.94

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

0.08 0.08 0.09

0.51 0.49 0.47

0.11 0.11 0.11

1.80 1.59 1.48

0.05 0.05 0.05

9.55 11.43 14.71

0.07 0.10 0.12

0.16 0.14 0.11

0.01 0.02 0.05

0.91 1.03 0.95

0.03 0.05 0.06

0.15 0.10 0.10

0.41 0.46 0.53

14.72 16.40 19.71

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

9.87 11.70 12.57

8.15 8.29 9.77

7.37 7.78 7.40

5.96 6.45 7.12

1.18 1.49 2.11

6.75 7.91 9.63

2.54 3.48 5.47

1.62 1.72 2.01

1.43 2.24 3.55

1.13 1.55 1.66

2.77 3.13 3.55

0.40 0.40 0.37

31.54 36.91 42.51

28.86 32.07 36.94

1998 1999 2000

119.85 129.80 143.98

67.48 67.53 72.51

71.69 74.58 78.41

39.09 42.78 46.80

20.09 23.34 30.38

37.09 42.85 55.10

25.60 28.78 35.94

10.23 12.80 17.90

15.36 22.89 30.70

12.08 16.03 20.45

22.60 22.02 27.18

1.73 1.79 1.67

388.14 417.61 479.25

280.63 309.99 379.66

Manufactures

Total merchandise a

Appendix tables

United States

a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

209

Table A20

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Singapore (Billion dollars) C./E. Europe/

Agricultural products

Appendix tables

Latin America

Western Europe

exp

exp

exp

imp

imp

imp

Baltic States/CIS exp

imp

Africa

Middle East

exp

imp

exp

imp

Asia exp

imp

1998 1999 2000

0.25 0.25 0.24

0.77 0.69 0.56

0.04 0.05 0.05

0.14 0.15 0.15

0.47 0.40 0.35

0.94 0.92 1.00

0.09 0.03 0.04

0.00 0.01 0.00

0.14 0.13 0.12

0.09 0.14 0.17

0.19 0.19 0.18

0.02 0.04 0.03

3.29 2.81 2.76

3.03 3.05 2.99

Food

1998 1999 2000

0.21 0.20 0.20

0.71 0.62 0.51

0.02 0.03 0.02

0.13 0.14 0.14

0.31 0.28 0.22

0.91 0.89 0.96

0.08 0.03 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.12 0.12 0.10

0.07 0.12 0.16

0.14 0.14 0.14

0.02 0.04 0.03

2.85 2.42 2.38

2.60 2.63 2.56

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.07 0.06 0.05

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.16 0.12 0.13

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.05 0.04 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.43 0.40 0.38

0.43 0.43 0.43

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

0.29 0.41 0.39

0.22 0.34 0.50

0.54 0.64 1.07

0.17 0.13 0.20

0.56 0.57 0.91

0.24 0.38 0.71

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.02 0.08 0.29

0.22 0.27 0.33

0.12 0.29 0.29

0.17 0.25 0.42

5.96 7.18 10.49

7.82 8.39 11.85

3.19 3.38 5.91

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.02 0.03 0.03

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.00 0.01

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.02 0.03

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.26 0.25 0.31

0.17 0.20 0.37

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

0.23 0.35 0.35

0.13 0.24 0.34

0.54 0.64 1.07

0.04 0.02 0.15

0.52 0.54 0.87

0.07 0.19 0.46

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.00 0.03 0.22

0.22 0.26 0.32

0.07 0.26 0.24

0.16 0.23 0.40

5.94 7.14 10.45

6.54 7.05 10.41

1.92 2.20 4.41

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

0.06 0.05 0.04

0.07 0.07 0.14

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.12 0.11 0.05

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.15 0.17 0.23

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.02 0.04 0.06

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.03 0.01 0.02

0.01 0.02 0.02

0.03 0.04 0.04

1.02 1.08 1.12

1.10 0.98 1.13

1998 1999 2000

21.50 21.56 23.68

17.79 17.80 19.38

1.19 1.19 1.38

0.70 0.77 0.61

17.12 17.10 18.41

14.17 14.69 16.27

0.47 0.33 0.37

0.36 0.51 0.50

0.97 0.94 1.17

0.12 0.15 0.31

1.75 1.36 1.61

0.60 0.61 0.72

49.80 55.99 71.12

51.02 57.86 72.34

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.09 0.08 0.09

0.00 0.01 0.00

0.06 0.04 0.04

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.46 0.32 0.34

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.10 0.12 0.14

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.04 0.03 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.47 0.43 0.48

1.21 1.05 1.11

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

0.47 0.76 0.60

1.77 1.72 2.19

0.08 0.11 0.11

0.02 0.03 0.05

0.99 1.96 1.54

1.99 2.23 2.19

0.01 0.02 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.08 0.10 0.11

0.04 0.04 0.05

0.13 0.14 0.17

0.28 0.22 0.27

5.34 5.99 7.09

2.06 2.39 2.96

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

0.12 0.14 0.21

0.69 0.63 0.56

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.03 0.05 0.06

0.32 0.28 0.25

1.03 1.10 1.06

0.01 0.02 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.05 0.04 0.05

0.03 0.02 0.03

0.07 0.07 0.07

0.06 0.06 0.07

1.84 1.87 1.94

2.65 2.79 3.03

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

19.05 18.75 20.52

12.61 12.43 13.51

0.95 0.93 1.11

0.55 0.60 0.41

14.30 13.49 15.18

8.92 9.11 10.59

0.40 0.25 0.32

0.23 0.37 0.31

0.66 0.64 0.85

0.02 0.05 0.19

1.17 0.84 1.03

0.19 0.25 0.29

36.37 41.05 53.86

38.44 44.01 56.66

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

0.06 0.06 0.07

0.34 0.40 0.38

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.07 0.07 0.10

0.29 0.24 0.34

0.00 0.00 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.85 0.79 0.88

1.22 1.12 1.12

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

0.42 0.43 0.47

2.52 2.56 3.10

0.04 0.05 0.05

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.33 0.37 0.36

2.06 1.99 2.31

0.05 0.03 0.04

0.01 0.01 0.03

0.12 0.11 0.14

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.28 0.22 0.27

0.04 0.06 0.08

4.06 4.09 5.25

3.56 3.82 5.14

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

17.33 17.25 18.73

6.37 6.23 7.49

0.64 0.68 0.84

0.46 0.52 0.30

12.75 11.95 13.63

3.91 4.46 5.32

0.30 0.17 0.23

0.15 0.21 0.21

0.44 0.44 0.42

0.01 0.03 0.16

0.62 0.44 0.59

0.08 0.08 0.09

25.46 29.68 39.60

26.20 30.75 40.72

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

0.68 0.77 0.89

1.17 1.20 1.34

0.20 0.17 0.18

0.06 0.07 0.07

0.67 0.64 0.85

1.16 1.16 1.31

0.04 0.05 0.04

0.05 0.06 0.07

0.05 0.05 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.10 0.08 0.09

0.07 0.10 0.10

4.66 5.22 6.63

5.21 5.68 7.03

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

0.05 0.06 0.06

0.19 0.13 0.12

0.01 0.00 0.01

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.06 0.03 0.02

0.41 0.52 0.75

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.00 0.01 0.03

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.45 0.49 0.55

0.69 0.88 1.50

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

0.51 0.19 0.30

2.02 1.90 1.07

0.05 0.01 0.02

0.01 0.00 0.00

0.42 0.43 0.21

1.09 0.74 0.55

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.03 0.09 0.00

0.01 0.01 0.22

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.13 0.06 0.04

0.01 0.01 0.00

0.90 0.78 0.96

1.56 1.76 1.16

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

0.01 0.02 0.01

0.07 0.06 0.08

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.12 0.12 0.14

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.05 0.05 0.05

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.05 0.04 0.03

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.71 0.72 0.77

0.85 0.92 1.05

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

0.81 0.92 1.10

0.03 0.02 0.03

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.40 0.46 0.50

0.10 0.09 0.11

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.01 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.17 0.19 0.20

1.26 1.53 1.73

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

1.03 0.97 1.24

2.54 2.86 2.92

0.11 0.09 0.10

0.03 0.04 0.04

1.06 0.89 0.89

1.55 1.72 1.84

0.04 0.03 0.03

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.11 0.10 0.10

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.28 0.24 0.25

0.06 0.07 0.07

4.90 5.74 6.78

4.54 5.18 5.81

1998 1999 2000

22.44 22.51 24.51

19.29 19.43 20.82

1.78 1.88 2.50

1.01 1.10 0.97

19.19 18.29 19.82

15.78 16.49 18.40

0.57 0.37 0.42

0.39 0.61 0.79

1.35 1.36 1.63

0.33 0.58 0.77

2.15 1.85 2.24

6.59 7.87 11.31

62.29 68.33 86.80

57.85 64.96 81.92

Manufactures

Total merchandise a

210

North America

Table A20 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 1998-00 - Singapore (Billion dollars)

exp Agricultural products

United States

imp

exp

imp

Japan exp

EU (15) imp

exp

Hong Kong, China

imp

Taipei, Chinese

exp

imp

exp

imp

World b exp

imp

1998 1999 2000

0.56 0.54 0.50

1.18 1.15 1.12

0.22 0.22 0.21

0.74 0.66 0.53

0.54 0.56 0.53

0.12 0.13 0.16

0.43 0.39 0.34

0.88 0.84 0.92

0.25 0.25 0.23

0.11 0.06 0.05

0.11 0.08 0.10

0.08 0.07 0.07

4.47 3.86 3.73

4.99 4.98 4.91

Food

1998 1999 2000

0.47 0.43 0.39

0.97 0.97 0.94

0.19 0.19 0.18

0.68 0.60 0.49

0.50 0.51 0.49

0.10 0.11 0.13

0.28 0.28 0.22

0.86 0.81 0.89

0.22 0.22 0.21

0.11 0.05 0.05

0.09 0.06 0.08

0.07 0.05 0.05

3.73 3.22 3.10

4.44 4.44 4.37

Raw materials

1998 1999 2000

0.09 0.10 0.11

0.21 0.18 0.19

0.03 0.04 0.03

0.06 0.06 0.04

0.05 0.05 0.04

0.02 0.03 0.03

0.16 0.12 0.12

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.75 0.64 0.63

0.55 0.54 0.54

Mining products

1998 1999 2000

1.56 1.65 2.72

0.74 0.71 1.28

0.27 0.38 0.37

0.20 0.31 0.46

0.48 0.65 0.87

0.31 0.32 0.36

0.44 0.43 0.66

0.23 0.37 0.65

2.11 2.07 2.49

0.02 0.03 0.03

0.32 0.32 0.55

0.26 0.14 0.19

9.61 10.54 14.99

9.92 11.78 18.39

Ores and other minerals

1998 1999 2000

0.04 0.06 0.07

0.09 0.13 0.28

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.05 0.05 0.07

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.01 0.00 0.01

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.04 0.02 0.02

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.01 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.28 0.26 0.33

0.23 0.28 0.46

Fuels

1998 1999 2000

1.23 1.26 2.36

0.46 0.40 0.78

0.21 0.33 0.32

0.13 0.24 0.34

0.36 0.51 0.72

0.04 0.07 0.07

0.40 0.41 0.63

0.07 0.19 0.40

2.01 1.99 2.38

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.19 0.22 0.44

0.16 0.06 0.10

8.21 9.10 13.44

8.17 10.08 16.27

Non-ferrous metals

1998 1999 2000

0.29 0.32 0.28

0.19 0.19 0.22

0.06 0.05 0.04

0.05 0.05 0.10

0.08 0.09 0.07

0.26 0.24 0.28

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.14 0.16 0.22

0.06 0.06 0.09

0.02 0.02 0.01

0.11 0.10 0.10

0.09 0.08 0.08

1.12 1.18 1.22

1.52 1.42 1.66

1998 1999 2000

14.38 16.57 21.65

13.77 15.39 20.47

20.98 21.16 23.19

17.39 17.46 18.99

5.91 7.08 8.85

16.26 17.73 22.36

16.31 16.43 17.17

12.66 12.49 13.37

6.70 6.39 7.99

2.66 3.03 3.41

4.24 5.10 7.53

3.68 4.22 5.71

92.93 98.54 118.04

85.25 92.41 110.14

Iron and steel

1998 1999 2000

0.21 0.22 0.24

0.15 0.14 0.12

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.08 0.07 0.08

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.67 0.57 0.62

0.02 0.01 0.01

0.30 0.21 0.23

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.04 0.05 0.06

0.56 0.50 0.55

1.94 1.62 1.72

Chemicals

1998 1999 2000

1.23 1.28 1.40

0.35 0.43 0.58

0.46 0.73 0.57

1.74 1.68 2.16

0.36 0.47 0.50

0.88 1.03 1.25

0.94 1.93 1.51

1.72 1.87 1.94

0.58 0.58 0.68

0.05 0.06 0.09

0.58 0.54 0.76

0.26 0.22 0.27

7.11 9.07 9.62

6.17 6.63 7.74

Other semimanufactures

1998 1999 2000

0.62 0.71 0.79

0.76 0.79 0.84

0.11 0.13 0.19

0.62 0.58 0.52

0.13 0.10 0.09

0.77 0.74 0.87

0.30 0.26 0.24

0.98 1.05 1.01

0.21 0.20 0.21

0.11 0.12 0.13

0.08 0.08 0.09

0.18 0.19 0.20

2.43 2.44 2.55

4.51 4.66 4.83

Machinery and transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

10.92 12.75 17.52

10.49 11.93 16.48

18.62 18.46 20.16

12.34 12.21 13.22

4.71 5.01 6.16

12.18 13.32 17.37

13.74 12.95 14.08

8.30 7.91 8.65

5.13 4.95 6.38

1.82 2.00 2.23

3.27 4.06 6.26

2.72 3.24 4.60

73.02 76.02 93.18

61.45 66.85 81.98

Power generating machinery

1998 1999 2000

0.30 0.28 0.29

0.29 0.22 0.21

0.06 0.05 0.07

0.32 0.38 0.35

0.13 0.12 0.14

0.38 0.28 0.32

0.07 0.07 0.10

0.28 0.23 0.30

0.09 0.09 0.10

0.02 0.02 0.03

0.03 0.04 0.05

0.05 0.04 0.04

1.01 0.95 1.10

1.86 1.76 1.85

Other nonelectrical machinery

1998 1999 2000

1.14 1.42 1.87

0.44 0.45 0.46

0.40 0.40 0.45

2.46 2.50 3.05

0.21 0.20 0.30

2.17 2.32 3.34

0.30 0.33 0.32

1.87 1.82 2.11

0.42 0.38 0.41

0.11 0.08 0.18

0.21 0.20 0.36

0.16 0.18 0.22

5.29 5.29 6.59

8.21 8.46 10.68

Office and telecommunication equipment

1998 1999 2000

7.20 8.46 11.92

8.34 9.74 14.15

17.12 17.03 18.42

6.25 6.13 7.32

3.89 4.20 5.12

6.34 7.11 9.13

12.37 11.54 12.61

3.58 3.52 3.74

3.99 3.88 5.17

1.35 1.53 1.54

2.65 3.42 5.40

1.89 2.43 3.67

57.55 60.60 74.05

37.16 42.28 54.28

Electrical machinery and apparatus

1998 1999 2000

2.12 2.38 3.11

1.25 1.34 1.48

0.66 0.74 0.87

1.15 1.19 1.33

0.34 0.37 0.44

1.94 2.14 2.72

0.65 0.63 0.83

1.07 1.09 1.22

0.48 0.45 0.55

0.30 0.34 0.46

0.21 0.26 0.30

0.45 0.46 0.61

6.40 6.98 8.72

7.71 8.26 9.93

Automotive products

1998 1999 2000

0.06 0.11 0.14

0.04 0.05 0.05

0.05 0.06 0.05

0.19 0.13 0.11

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.57 0.71 1.21

0.06 0.03 0.02

0.41 0.52 0.75

0.06 0.06 0.07

0.00 0.01 0.01

0.05 0.04 0.04

0.01 0.02 0.03

0.62 0.63 0.68

1.29 1.55 2.43

Other transport equipment

1998 1999 2000

0.09 0.11 0.19

0.13 0.13 0.14

0.33 0.18 0.29

1.97 1.88 1.05

0.12 0.10 0.15

0.79 0.75 0.65

0.30 0.36 0.19

1.08 0.73 0.53

0.08 0.09 0.09

0.03 0.02 0.02

0.11 0.11 0.10

0.15 0.10 0.02

2.16 1.57 2.05

5.21 4.53 2.81

Textiles

1998 1999 2000

0.30 0.31 0.32

0.17 0.17 0.21

0.00 0.02 0.01

0.07 0.06 0.08

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.09 0.10 0.10

0.03 0.02 0.03

0.11 0.11 0.12

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.06 0.07 0.09

0.04 0.06 0.06

0.17 0.17 0.20

0.86 0.85 0.91

1.05 1.12 1.28

Clothing

1998 1999 2000

0.05 0.06 0.08

0.67 0.67 0.75

0.77 0.87 1.04

0.03 0.02 0.03

0.05 0.05 0.04

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.39 0.45 0.50

0.10 0.08 0.10

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.21 0.27 0.31

0.01 0.01 0.01

0.02 0.02 0.02

1.43 1.60 1.83

1.41 1.65 1.89

Other consumer goods

1998 1999 2000

1.07 1.24 1.30

1.18 1.26 1.49

1.00 0.94 1.22

2.51 2.83 2.89

0.65 1.45 2.04

1.66 1.96 2.13

0.89 0.81 0.81

1.15 1.26 1.32

0.69 0.58 0.64

0.40 0.51 0.57

0.25 0.35 0.34

0.30 0.32 0.36

7.53 8.06 9.39

8.72 9.89 10.71

1998 1999 2000

16.75 18.98 25.10

15.72 17.29 22.91

21.87 22.06 23.96

18.83 19.02 20.34

7.23 8.51 10.43

17.03 18.49 23.23

17.42 17.42 18.30

14.13 14.13 15.29

9.22 8.80 10.87

2.85 3.19 3.52

4.74 5.59 8.25

4.02 4.45 5.99

109.90 114.68 138.23

101.73 111.06 134.99

Manufactures

Total merchandise a

Appendix tables

Malaysia

a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

211

Table A21

Export prices of primary commodities, 1990-01 (Indices 1990=100) 1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2000 Q1

Q2

2001 Q3

Q4

Food, beverages and tobacco

99

98

97

111

118

125

122

106

89

85

88

86

82

85

86

99

101

100

105

114

128

114

100

84

84

84

84

80

86

86

84

98

105

98

105

123

148

114

96

84

82

83

81

77

87

88

85

Wheat

95

112

104

111

131

153

118

93

83

84

79

81

82

94

96

96

Maize

98

95

93

99

113

151

107

93

83

81

86

84

70

82

85

78

109

99

88

100

119

125

112

113

92

75

89

76

69

68

67

61

Rice Vegetable oils and protein meals

83

101

105

106

115

124

137

137

123

94

92

94

94

88

91

86

82

Meat

101

96

102

93

77

76

79

71

75

78

80

79

75

77

81

83

Beef

104

96

102

91

74

70

72

67

72

76

77

77

73

75

76

79

Lamb

87

95

103

104

94

120

124

96

96

93

103

89

86

95

107

107

Sugar Bananas

89

83

88

99

108

101

95

81

67

74

60

69

83

83

81

76

104

88

82

81

81

87

90

91

79

80

91

80

66

73

109

109

Beverages

93

81

86

150

151

125

165

140

110

92

103

95

89

82

81

77

Coffee

94

73

83

180

184

139

192

150

116

91

109

96

84

74

70

69

Cocoa beans

94

87

88

110

113

115

128

132

90

71

71

73

72

70

86

82

Tea

91

98

91

90

81

87

117

117

114

122

117

122

126

123

113

98

106

101

80

88

78

90

104

98

91

88

90

89

87

87

87

89

96

99

117

129

135

130

120

99

102

104

107

107

102

99

99

106 136

Tobacco

Agricultural raw materials Timber

105

117

155

157

148

151

141

121

134

132

140

138

127

121

123

Cotton

93

70

70

97

119

98

96

79

64

72

64

72

73

77

72

60

Wool

71

68

58

83

93

84

84

61

60

62

64

62

62

58

57

58

Rubber

96

100

96

130

183

162

118

84

74

80

81

83

79

77

73

73

Hides and skins

86

82

87

94

96

95

96

83

78

87

83

84

88

92

95

109

Jute

90

68

66

72

90

111

74

64

68

68

73

70

64

64

72

83

Sisal

94

71

86

85

99

121

109

115

97

82

77

89

91

93

101

102

81

Minerals and non-ferrous metals (excluding crude petroleum)

87

84

72

84

100

89

92

78

77

86

88

84

87

84

84

Copper

88

86

72

87

110

86

86

62

59

68

68

65

70

69

66

62

Aluminum

80

77

70

90

110

92

98

83

83

95

100

90

96

92

96

92

Iron ore Tin

108

103

91

83

88

93

98

101

90

94

94

94

94

94

98

98

91

100

85

90

102

101

93

91

89

89

94

89

88

86

84

81

Nickel

92

79

60

71

93

85

78

52

68

97

106

106

93

84

74

76

Zinc

74

82

64

66

68

68

87

68

71

74

74

75

78

71

67

62

Lead

69

67

50

68

78

96

77

65

62

56

56

52

58

58

61

57

103

98

83

90

99

113

114

117

112

107

107

107

108

106

104

106

Total of above

94

94

96

109

118

117

113

96

90

91

94

92

89

89

89

89

Crude petroleum

84

83

73

69

75

89

84

57

78

123

116

117

130

129

117

116

All primary commodities

90

91

90

98

106

109

105

86

87

100

100

99

100

100

97

97

Fertilizers

Note: The indices are period averages based on dollar prices. The quarterly figures are not seasonally adjusted. For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

Appendix tables

Q2

Food Cereals

212

Q1

Technical Notes

I. Composition of country groups 1. Regions

North America: Canada, United States of America, and territories in North America n.e.s. Latin America: Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela and other countries and territories in Latin America n.e.s. Western Europe: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Slovenia, Yugoslavia (the last five countries mentioned comprise the former Yugoslavia), and territories in Western Europe n.e.s. Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the Commonwealth of Independent States (transition economies), of which Central and Eastern Europe: Albania, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and the Slovak Republic; the Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania; and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS): Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, The Kyrgyz Republic, Republic of Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. The grouping former USSR refers to the Baltic States and the CIS. Africa, of which North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Morocco and Tunisia; and Sub-Saharan Africa comprising: Western Africa: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo; Central Africa: Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Rwanda, and Sao Tome and Principe; Eastern Africa: Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Somalia, Sudan, United Republic of Tanzania and Uganda; and Southern Africa: Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, Zimbabwe and territories in Africa n.e.s. The Middle East: Bahrain, Cyprus, Iraq, Islamic Republic of Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syrian Arab Republic, United Arab Emirates, Yemen and other countries and territories in the Middle East n.e.s. Asia, of which West Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka; and East Asia (including Oceania): Australia; Brunei Darussalam; Cambodia; China; Fiji; Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China (Hong Kong, China); Indonesia; Japan; Kiribati; Lao People’s Democratic Republic; Macau, China; Malaysia; Mongolia; Myanmar; New Zealand; Papua New Guinea; Philippines; Republic of Korea; Samoa; Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu (Taipei, Chinese); Singapore;

Solomon Islands; Thailand; Tonga; Tuvalu; Vanuatu; Viet Nam and other countries and territories in Asia and the Pacific n.e.s. 2. Regional integration agreements ANDEAN: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. APEC: Australia; Brunei Darussalam; Canada; Chile; China; Hong Kong, China; Indonesia; Japan; Republic of Korea; Malaysia; Mexico; New Zealand; Papua New Guinea; Peru; Philippines; Russian Federation; Singapore; Taipei, Chinese; Thailand; United States of America and Viet Nam. ASEAN: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. CEFTA: Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovenia and the Slovak Republic. EUROPEAN UNION: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. MERCOSUR: Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. NAFTA: Canada, Mexico and the United States of America. SAPTA: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. 3. Other country groups Least-developed countries: Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen and Zambia. Six East Asian traders: Hong Kong, China; Malaysia; Republic of Korea; Singapore; Taipei, Chinese and Thailand. The designations used in this report do not imply an expression of opinion by the Secretariat concerning either the status of any country, territory or area, or the delimitation of its frontiers. 4. Political boundaries Changes in political boundaries since 1991 involving the former Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, the former Yugoslavia and the former USSR are reflected in this report, as far as available statistics permit. This means that, beginning with 1992, data for these former entities are no longer given. This information is replaced with data for their successor states. In the case of the successor states to the former Czech and Slovak Federal Republic and the former Yugoslavia, the statistics include their mutual trade. In the case of the successor states of the former USSR, the absence of detailed merchandise trade statistics for most of them has ruled out the inclusion of their mutual trade at the disaggregated product level, as well as, for comparability reason, at the aggregate level. However, recent improvements in data collection have meant that mutual trade between the successor states of the former USSR has been included systematically in the tables, starting with data for 1996. The effects on the continuity of the data series are explained in Section III.2 below.

Technical Notes

This Note details the definitions, methods and sources of the statistics used in International Trade Statistics 2001.

213

II. DEFINITIONS AND METHODS II.1 Merchandise trade 1. Exports and imports Two systems of recording merchandise exports and imports are in common use. They are referred to as general trade and special trade and differ mainly in the way warehoused and reexported goods are treated. General trade figures are larger than the corresponding special trade figures because the latter exclude certain trade flows, such as goods shipped through bonded warehouses. Unless otherwise noted, total merchandise trade is defined in this report according to the general trade definition. It covers all types of inward and outward movement of goods through a country or territory including movements through customs warehouses and free zones. For further explanations, see United Nations International Trade Statistics, Concepts and Definitions, Series M, No 52, Revision 2. Unless otherwise indicated, exports are valued at transaction value, including the cost of transportation and insurance to bring the merchandise to the frontier of the exporting country or territory (f.o.b. valuation). Imports are valued at transaction value plus the cost of transportation and insurance to the frontier of the importing country or territory (c.i.f. valuation). 2. Products All product groups are defined according to Revision 3 of the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC). The following groupings are used in this report:

Technical Notes

A. Primary products (i) Agricultural products - Food: food and live animals; beverages and tobacco; animal and vegetable oils, fats and waxes; oilseeds and oleaginous fruit (SITC sections 0, 1, 4 and division 22). - Raw materials: hides, skins and furskins, raw; crude rubber (including synthetic and reclaimed); cork and wood; pulp and waste paper; textile fibres and their wastes; crude animal and vegetable materials, n.e.s. (SITC divisions 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29). (ii) Mining products - Ores and other minerals: crude fertilizers (other than those classified in chemicals) and crude minerals; metalliferous ores and metal scrap (SITC divisions 27, 28). - Fuels: (SITC section 3). - Non-ferrous metals: (SITC division 68).

214

B. Manufactures: (SITC sections 5, 6, 7, 8 minus division 68 and group 891) (i) Iron and steel: (SITC division 67). (ii) Chemicals: organic chemicals (SITC division 51); plastics (SITC divisions 57, 58); inorganic chemicals (SITC division 52); pharmaceuticals (SITC division 54); other chemicals (SITC divisions 53, 55, 56, 59). (iii) Other semi-manufactures: leather, leather manufactures, n.e.s., and dressed furskins; rubber manufactures, n.e.s.; cork and wood manufactures (excluding furniture); paper, paperboard and articles of paper pulp, of paper or of paperboard; non-metallic mineral manufactures, n.e.s.; manufactures of metals, n.e.s. (SITC divisions 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 69). (iv) Machinery and transport equipment: power generating machinery; other non-electrical machinery; office machines and telecommunications equipment; electrical

machinery and apparatus; automotive products; other transport equipment (SITC section 7). - Power generating machinery: power generating machinery and equipment minus internal combustion piston engines, and parts thereof, n.e.s. (SITC division 71 minus group 713). - Other non-electrical machinery: machinery specialized for particular industries; metalworking machinery; general industrial machinery and equipment, n.e.s., and machine parts, n.e.s. (SITC divisions 72, 73, 74). - Office machines and telecommunications equipment: office machines and automatic data processing machines; telecommunications and sound recording and reproducing apparatus and equipment; thermionic, cold cathode or photo-cathode valves and tubes (SITC divisions 75, 76 and group 776). - Electrical machinery and apparatus: electrical machinery, apparatus and appliances, n.e.s., and electrical parts thereof; minus thermionic, cold cathode or photo-cathode valves and tubes; minus electrical equipment, n.e.s., for internal combustion engines and vehicles, and parts thereof (SITC division 77 minus group 776 and subgroup 7783). - Automotive products: motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport of persons (other than public transport type vehicles) including station wagons and racing cars; motor vehicles for the transport of goods and special purpose motor vehicles; road motor vehicles, n.e.s.; parts and accessories of motor vehicles and tractors; internal combustion piston engines for vehicles listed above; electrical equipment, n.e.s., for internal combustion engines and vehicles, and parts thereof (SITC groups 781, 782, 783, 784, and subgroups 7132, 7783). - Other transport equipment: other transport equipment (railway vehicles, aircraft, spacecraft, ships and boats, and associated parts and equipment); motorcycles and cycles, motorized and non-motorized; trailers and semitrailers, other vehicles (not mechanically propelled), and specially designed and equipped transport containers; internal combustion piston engines for aircraft, and parts thereof, n.e.s.; internal combustion piston engines, marine propulsion; internal combustion piston engines, n.e.s.; parts, n.e.s., for internal combustion piston engines listed above (SITC division 79, groups 785, 786, and subgroups 7131, 7133, 7138, 7139). (v) Textiles: (SITC division 65). (vi) Clothing: (SITC division 84). (vii) Other consumer goods: household articles, travel goods, footwear, instruments and apparatus, photography, optical goods, watches and clocks, and other manufactured articles, n.e.s. (SITC divisions 81, 82, 83, 85, 87, 88, 89 excluding group 891, arms and ammunition). Of which furniture (SITC division 82), travel goods (SITC division 83), footwear (SITC division 85), and toys and games (SITC group 894). C. Other products: commodities and transactions not classified elsewhere (including gold); arms and ammunition (SITC section 9 and group 891). 3. Coverage Trade flowing through processing zones is not systematically recorded in national trade statistics and can result in significant under-recording of trade in certain goods. For example, the exclusion of these flows from the statistics for Central American

4. World trade network The world merchandise trade network by region and product from which Appendix tables A2/A3 and A9/A10 are derived is based on export data. The network is constructed in the following way: First, total merchandise exports from each of the seven regions are aggregated from country figures published by the International Monetary Fund in International Financial Statistics, other international organizations, and national statistical authorities. They are supplemented by Secretariat estimates (see Appendix table A5). Next, the total merchandise exports of each region are distributed by destination and then by product. The regional and commodity breakdown is based on OECD, Monthly Statistics of Foreign Trade; UNSD, Comtrade database, International Trade Statistics Yearbook, and Monthly Bulletin of Statistics; national statistics and Secretariat estimates. During this process, the principal adjustments to the figures are as follows: (i) Exports of ships to the open registry countries Panama and Liberia are re-allocated from each region’s exports to Latin America and Africa to “unspecified destinations” (a category not shown separately). (ii) Re-exports of Hong Kong, China are excluded. This is because the magnitude of Hong Kong, China’s re-exports (9.8% of Asian total merchandise exports in 2000) would introduce a significant element of double counting into the trade of the Asian region since a large proportion of Hong Kong, China’s re-exports are goods of Chinese origin or have China as final destination. (iii) China’s exports are adjusted to approximate their final destination. (iv) Exports of military goods and non-monetary gold, where known, are included. When they cannot be broken down by destination, they are allocated to “unspecified destinations”. 5. Merchandise trade of selected major traders by product, region and major trading partner (Appendix tables A11 to A20) These tables are derived from the UNSD Comtrade database. The figures in the tables for total merchandise trade are not necessarily the same as those in Appendix tables A5 and A6 (see Section III.1 below). For trade by product, world totals include shipments which have not been distinguished by origin or destination. For trade by region and partner, world totals include goods which have not been specified by product. The following adjustments have been made to the figures: (i) Exports of ships to the open registry countries Panama and Liberia are re-allocated from each economy’s exports

to Latin America and Africa to “unspecified destinations” (a category not shown separately). (ii) Merchandise trade of the European Union (Appendix tables A14 to A18) - part of Belgian imports included in “other products” are re-allocated to “automotive products”; - French trade in military goods is included. It is allocated to “other products” and “unspecified origins and destinations”; - official supplementary estimates of intra-EU exports and intra-EU imports beginning with 1993 that have not been transmitted to UNSD by the statistical authorities of EU member countries are included. For the United Kingdom, supplementary estimates have been distributed by product using national statistics. For other countries, whenever relevant, the figures have been allocated to “other products”; - for the combined trade of EU member States (Appendix table A14), intra-imports have been replaced by intra-exports beginning with 1993 to partly compensate for the observed under-reporting of intraimports resulting from INTRASTAT procedures (see Section III below). Selection of each reporter’s major trading partners is based on a ranking of total trade (exports plus imports) of each reporter with their trading partners in 2000 (member States of the EU are counted as one trading partner). 6. Merchandise trade in balance of payments statistics Merchandise trade statistics together with other basic statistical systems (such as industrial and transport statistics) provide the foundation for the system of national accounts (SNA) and the balance of payments (BOP). Merchandise trade statistics are basic to the compilation of the goods account in the balance of payments as structured and defined in the fifth edition of the International Monetary Fund’s Balance of Payments Manual (BPM5). Goods (merchandise) are defined in the SNA as “physical objects for which a demand exists, over which ownership rights can be established and whose ownership can be transferred from one institutional unit to another by engaging in transactions on markets”. Thus, for the SNA and BOP statistics the recording of transactions should be based on the change of ownership principle. However, the compilation of international merchandise trade statistics (ITS) is usually based on customs records which essentially reflect the physical movement of goods across borders, and follow international guidelines on concepts and definitions which do not fully conform to the principles of the SNA and the BPM5. A number of adjustments have to be made to international merchandise trade statistics before they match the specific requirements of national accounts and balance of payments statistics. For aggregate exports and imports these adjustments are mainly related to coverage, the system of trade, and valuation. With respect to coverage, the ITS in most instances conforms with the BPM5. Differences remain for the following cases: (i) transactions that represent services transactions (e.g. blueprints, videos, and tapes) should be valued in ITS at the value of the material in which they are incorporated, while under BPM5 these transactions should be excluded from goods and included, at market value, in services; (ii) transactions in which one or both national boundaries are not crossed (e.g. trade in vessels and aircraft, exports of bunkers, etc.) are not always included in ITS for practical reasons, whereas they are usually included in BOP

Technical Notes

and Caribbean countries has resulted in under-recording of their trade in clothing. When included, practices for classifying the goods involved also differ between countries. In recent years, however, improvements in data collection have resulted in the inclusion of processing trade for a number of countries including Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Hungary, Lithuania, Mexico, Morocco and the Ukraine. In all but one of these countries, this has resulted in breaks in the continuity of the data series. In the case of Mexico, trade flows through the special manufacturing zone known as the “maquiladoras” were previously excluded from official trade statistics, but reported separately by the Banco de México. The Secretariat included these flows in Mexico’s exports and imports given their magnitude (ranging from 29 to 40% of combined trade during the 1990-2000 period). These shipments have been included in Mexico’s official trade statistics since 1992.

215

statistics; (iii) goods under the improvement and repair trade regime should be excluded from ITS, but they are to be included at the value of the repair under the BPM5. Concerning the system of trade, the ITS guidelines outline the measurement of trade flows on the basis of (1) the special trade system and (2) the general trade system. Under the special trade system, the customs frontier is regarded as the statistical boundary whereas, under the general system of trade, the national frontier is regarded as the statistical boundary. The BPM5 stresses that measurement for BOP compilation should be based on change of ownership rather than on the general trade system or the special trade system. The general trade system appears to be a better proxy for measuring change of ownership because it provides broader coverage and the date of change of ownership may be closer to the date goods cross the national frontier than to the date goods clear through customs. As far as valuation is concerned, the issue that affects most data comparability concerns the point of valuation, namely, whether goods are valued at the importer’s border – that is at the c.i.f. value – or at the f.o.b. value at the exporter’s border. ITS guidelines recommend the adoption of the c.i.f. valuation for imports whereas BPM5 requires the f.o.b. valuation. Additional adjustments may be made by BOP compilers to conform to the BPM5 requirement for a market price for valuing trade, processing trade, and with respect to currency conversion. Once adjusted, merchandise trade is recorded in the goods category of the current account, along with services, income, and current transfers. Therefore, within the balance of payments framework transactions in both goods and services are harmonized and provide for comparable statistical series, as in Table I.8. It is not strictly speaking correct to aggregate the figures for commercial services and merchandise shown elsewhere in this report. It should be noted that some countries still apply the concepts of the fourth edition of the Balance of Payments Manual, and thus do not include goods for processing and goods procured in port carriers in the goods account.

II.2 Trade in commercial services 1. Exports and imports

Technical Notes

Exports (credits) and imports (debits) of commercial services are derived from statistics on international service transactions included in the balance of payments statistics, in conformity with the concepts, definitions and classification of the fourth (1977) or fifth (1993) edition of the IMF Balance of Payments Manual.

216

2. Definition of commercial services In the fifth edition of the Balance of Payments Manual, the current account is subdivided into goods, services (including government services, n.i.e.), income (investment income and compensation of employees), and current transfers. The commercial services category in this report is defined as being equal to services minus government services, n.i.e. Commercial services is further sub-divided into transport, travel, and other commercial services. Transport covers all transportation services (sea, air and other – including land, internal waterway, space and pipeline) that are performed by residents of one economy for those of another, and that involve the carriage of passengers, the movement of goods (freight), rentals (charters) of carriers with crew, and related supporting and auxiliary services. Travel includes goods and services acquired by personal travellers, for health, education or other purposes, and by

business travellers. Unlike other services, travel is not a specific type of service, but an assortment of goods and services consumed by travellers. The most common goods and services covered are lodging, food and beverages, entertainment and transportation (within the economy visited), gifts and souvenirs. Other commercial services corresponds to the following components defined in BPM5: (i) communication services (telecommunications, postal and courier services); (ii) construction services; (iii) insurance services; (iv) financial services; (v) computer and information services (including news agency services); (vi) royalties and licence fees, covering payments and receipts for the use of intangible non-financial assets and proprietary rights, such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial processes, and franchises; (vii) other business services, comprising trade related services, operational leasing (rentals), and miscellaneous business, professional and technical services such as legal, accounting, management consulting, public relations services, advertising, market research and public opinion polling, research and development services, architectural, engineering, and other technical services, agricultural, mining and on-site processing; and (viii) personal, cultural, and recreational services including audiovisual services. 3. Coverage and comparability Although in recent years the coverage and comparability of services trade data have improved, recorded trade figures still lack comparability across countries and are subject to significant distortions. First, some countries do not collect statistics for certain service categories. Second, some service transactions are simply not registered. If central bank records are used, situations where no financial intermediaries are employed are not counted. In the case of surveys, the coverage of trading establishments is often incomplete. A particularly serious problem is that services transmitted electronically are frequently unregistered, especially when the transactions take place within multinational corporations. Third, statistics may be reported on a net rather than on a gross basis, often as a result of compensation arrangements such as in rail transport or in communication services. Fourth, the alternate sources used for countries which are not members of the IMF do not necessarily comply with the IMF concepts and definitions. Fifth, misclassification of transactions may lead to an underestimation of commercial services when service transactions are registered as income, transfers or trade in merchandise rather than trade in services or, conversely, to an overestimation of commercial services when transactions pertaining to income, transfers or official transactions are registered in the private service categories. These distortions may be particularly significant at the detailed level, i.e., for a detailed service category, or for trade flows by origin and destination. The implementation of BPM5 will result in an improvement of country comparability over time. However, given that these improvements are being made gradually, they also result in a number of breaks in series. The borderline between goods and services, as well as the borderlines between the components of commercial services differ in BPM4 and BPM5. Examples of such differences are:

II.3 Other definitions and methods 1. Annual changes Throughout this report, average annual percentage changes are analogous to compound interest rates. In calculating the average annual rate of change between 1990 and 2000, for example, data for calendar year 1990 were taken as the beginning point, and data for calendar year 2000 as the end point. 2. Commodity prices Commodity price movements are primarily described by indices largely based on spot market prices, and therefore exclude transactions governed by longer-term contracts. Price indices for such commodities as food, beverages, agricultural raw materials, minerals, non-ferrous metals, fertilizers and crude petroleum are obtained from IMF International Financial Statistics. Aggregates for all primary commodities and for nonfuel primary commodities are calculated using IMF weights. 3. Merchandise trade volume and unit value indices The volume and unit value indices are taken from a range of different international and national sources. The reported volume and unit value indices may not always be available for the most recent years or may differ in product coverage from the corresponding value indices. For example, the indices reported by France exclude electricity, military and railway equipment, electronics, analysing and controlling instruments, shipbuilding and aeronautics, and machine tools. Switzerland excludes jewellery, antiques, and precious metals from its indices. Aggregation of the indices to obtain a world total is a twotier process. First, export and import unit values are adjusted to the extent possible for differences in coverage and, in cases of missing data, completed with Secretariat estimates. They are then aggregated to obtain regional totals. The volume index for each region is obtained by dividing the respective trade value index for each region by the corresponding regional unit value index. Second, to obtain the total world merchandise volume index, regional unit value indices are aggregated and the world trade value is deflated by the world unit value index. Throughout the aggregation process trade values of the previous year are used as weights.

4. World production Production of agriculture, mining and manufacturing is defined according to major Divisions 1, 2 and 3 of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). World production in these sectors is estimated by combining production indices published by the FAO, IMF, OECD, UNIDO and UNSD. The world index is derived through aggregation of the three sectors by using value added shares in 1990 as weights. 5. World gross domestic product World GDP growth is estimated as a weighted average of economies’real GDP growth. The weights used are shares of economies in 1990 world nominal GDP converted to dollars at market exchange rates. The use of official exchange rates which are not market-based for some major economies, together with the fluctuations of the United States dollar vis-à-vis major currencies can have a significant impact on the weighting pattern. The increasing use of weights based on purchasing power parities (PPP) by other international organizations is meant to attenuate “anomalies” linked to these factors. In a period of widely diverging growth rates among countries and regions, the choice of the weighting pattern can have a marked influence on the global growth estimate. For the 1990-2000 period, global growth estimates based on PPP-weights indicate a significantly faster growth than estimates using weights based on GDP data measured at market exchange rates. This is because of differences in the two weighting patterns. Relative to weights based on GDP at market exchange rates, PPP weights are low for the transition economies – especially the successor States of the former USSR with a poor growth record, and high for major developing countries (in particular China) with above average growth. 6. Re-exports Under the system of general trade adopted in this report, reexports are included in total merchandise trade (see Section II.1). However, in the case of Hong Kong, China, the magnitude of its re-exports (amounting in 2000 to $179 billion), if included in regional or world aggregates, would adversely affect the analytical value of the statistics by introducing a significant element of double counting. Therefore, Hong Kong, China’s reexports are excluded from the world and from Asia aggregates (unless otherwise indicated); only Hong Kong, China’s domestic exports and retained imports are included in the totals. For this reason, the figures for world exports and for exports of Asia shown in Appendix tables A2/A3 and A9/A10 are smaller than those in Appendix table A5. Since retained imports cannot be identified from imports directly, an approximation is derived by subtracting the value of re-exports from the value of imports. The resulting figure will, however, under-estimate the value of retained imports by the amount of the re-export margin.

III. Breaks in data continuity 1. Merchandise trade statistics of the European Union The introduction of a new system for collecting statistics on trade between the member States of the EU in January 1993 – INTRASTAT – which was briefly described in the GATT annual report 1994, International Trade Trends and Statistics, has affected EU merchandise trade statistics in a number of ways. The system has resulted in the loss of continuity with pre-1993 trade figures. Difficulties in implementing the new system have resulted in reporting delays and numerous revisions in the figures. More generally, the EU intra-trade statistics collected

Technical Notes

most processing transactions are included under goods on a gross basis in BPM5, while in BPM4 only the value of the fees paid for processing are included in services; (ii) goods procured in ports, such as fuels and provisions, are included in goods in BPM5, and in services (transport) in BPM4; (iii) in BPM4, insurance services are normally measured by the net premiums defined as premiums less claims, while in BPM5, insurance services reflects the “normal” service charge, i.e. administrative services and part of the earnings; the rest of the net premiums or the actual risk premiums is recorded under current transfers or in the financial account in case of life insurance; in addition, freight insurance is part of transport in BPM4, and part of insurance services in BPM5; and (iv) the expenditure of seasonal and border workers is included in labour income in BPM4, and in travel in BPM5. (i)

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Technical Notes

through INTRASTAT are markedly less accurate than statistics collected under the previous system. The coverage of the current system, which relies on reports submitted by firms for transactions above a minimum value, is not as wide as the previous one, which was based on customs declarations. Estimates for non-response and exemptions from reporting obligations are made by the statistical authorities of some member States but these estimates cannot always be broken down by product, and they most probably under-record the actual trade flows, so that continuity with pre-1993 figures has been lost. In some cases, as well, estimates of underreporting have not been included in submissions to the United Nations Statistical Division for inclusion in the Comtrade database, which has also contributed to a marked disruption in the continuity of the Secretariat’s traditional data source. Prior to the adoption of the current system, reported intra-EU imports (c.i.f.) closely matched reported intra-EU exports (f.o.b.). From 1993, however, the reported value of intra-EU imports has been on average around 6.5% below the value of intra-EU exports, indicating a substantial under-reporting of intra-EU imports. Given the significance of this inconsistency, the Secretariat has used intra-EU export data to adjust for the underreporting of intra-EU imports. However, this adjustment could not be allocated between EU member countries. As a result, the sum of reported imports of individual EU members does not add to the figure for EU imports as a whole (see, for example, Appendix Table A6). This adjustment is also reflected in the volume estimates for the EU as a whole. Due to reporting delays to UNSD, the latest merchandise trade statistics for all EU member States were not available at the time the world trade network by region and product was prepared. As a result, the Secretariat has had to partly estimate the 2000 product breakdown of the EU. The EU accounts for some 35% of world merchandise trade. It is also the major market for the exports of Africa, the Middle East and the CIS – all regions for which detailed trade statistics are scarce. EU trade statistics, both for EU member countries and for trade with these partner countries, therefore play a key rôle in global trade statistics and are of particular importance in the construction of the world trade network by region and product. Reporting delays and the decline in the reliability of EU intratrade statistics have resulted in an increase in the margin of error in the Secretariat’s trade estimates. Due to a change in the definition of the statistical territory, the merchandise trade statistics of France include trade of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Reunion beginning with 1996.

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2. Merchandise trade of Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS Beginning in 1990, trade data for Bulgaria and the former USSR were converted into dollars at official, market-oriented exchange rates, replacing the earlier practice of using implicit conversion factors. This created breaks in continuity in the corresponding time series between 1989 and 1990. Valuation problems are discussed in more detail in Box 1 in Volume I of International Trade 1990-91 and in Box 2 in Volume I of International Trade 1989-90. Figures for the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic include trade between these two countries. As regards the Baltic States and the CIS, trade figures cover their mutual exchanges starting with 1996. Total merchandise exchanges among these countries amounted to some $36 billion in 1998, $29 billion in 1999, and $38 billion in 2000. The inclusion of the mutual trade has therefore resulted in substantial breaks in the continuity of

the trade series at the country and regional levels between 1995 and 1996. The political and economic upheavals in the region caused disruptions in statistical reporting systems. Although some countries improved or adapted their systems, detailed trade statistics are still not available for many country/periods (except for the Russian Federation). As a result, the Secretariat has estimated their trade largely on the basis of the statistics of their trading partners. The implementation of internationally agreed concepts and definitions for collecting merchandise trade statistics will result in an improvement of country comparability over time. However, given that these improvements are being made gradually, they also result in a number of breaks in series. Breaks in the continuity in the trade figures were identified for the following countries: for the Czech Republic between 1992 and 1993 due to the inclusion of shipments through processing zones, and between 1998 and 1999 due to the exclusion of aircrafts and ships movements through inward processing zones, as well as the exclusion of temporary exports and imports; for Hungary between 1995 and 1996 due to the inclusion of shipments through processing zones; for Estonia between 1998 and 1999 due the change from the general to the special system of trade; for Lithuania between 1994 and 1995 due to the change from the special to the general system of trade; for Ukraine between 1994 and 1995 due to a change in data collection procedures and the inclusion of shipments through processing zones; for the Slovak Republic between 1996 and 1997, and for Poland between 1997 and 1998 due to the introduction of new arrangements in customs procedures to harmonize with the standards of the European Union. Considerable uncertainty remains about the accuracy of the foreign trade statistics of the Russian Federation, especially as regards imports. A large proportion of the reported data on imports consists of official estimates of inflows of goods which enter the country without being registered by the customs authorities. Such adjustments to import data accounted for 27, 26 and 25% of the officially reported totals in 1998, 1999, and 2000 respectively; on the export side, such adjustments accounted for about 5, 4 and 2% respectively.

IV. Statistical sources Most frequently used sources for statistics are: EUROSTAT, External and Intra-European Union Trade FAO, Production Yearbook FAO, Trade Yearbook IMF, Balance of Payments Statistics IMF, International Financial Statistics IMF, World Economic Outlook OECD, Main Economic Indicators OECD, National Accounts OECD, Monthly Statistics of Foreign Trade OECD/IEA, Energy Prices & Taxes UNECE, Economic Survey of Europe UNIDO, National Accounts Statistics Database UNSD, Comtrade database UNSD, International Trade Statistics Yearbook UNSD, Monthly Bulletin of Statistics World Bank, World Development Indicators World Bank, World Tables These sources are supplemented by national publications and Secretariat estimates.

Estimations for missing data are mainly based on national statistics. Statistics on trade in commercial services by origin and destinations (Tables III.6 and III.7) are also derived from national statistics. Acknowledgements are due to the Food and Agriculture Organization, the International Monetary Fund, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, the Statistical Office of the European Communities, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, the United Nations Statistics Division, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization and the World Bank whose assistance in supplying advance copies of their publications as well as other information has greatly facilitated the work of the Secretariat. Acknowledgements are also due to national institutions for providing advance statistics.

Technical Notes

The merchandise trade statistics in this report are largely derived from two sources. Figures for total merchandise trade are derived from IMF, International Financial Statistics. Data on merchandise trade by origin, destination and product come mainly from the UNSD Comtrade database. Some inconsistencies in the aggregate export and import data for the same country or territory between the two sources are inevitable. These can be attributed to the use of different systems of recording trade, to the way in which IMF and UNSD have converted data expressed in national currencies into dollars, and revisions which can be more readily incorporated in the IMF data. Statistics on trade in commercial services are mainly drawn from the IMF Balance of Payments Statistics. For countries that do not report to the IMF (e.g., Hong Kong, China; Macau, China; and Taipei, Chinese) data are drawn from national sources.

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