Intraspecific variation of endocranial structures in extant Equus: a prelude to endocranial studies in fossil equoids
Journal of Mammalian Evolution
Laure Daniloa, Jean Remyb, Monique Vianey-Liauda, Samuel Mérigeaudc, Fabrice Lihoreaua.
a
Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier (ISEM) – UMR CNRS 5554, Université
de Montpellier 2, France. b
46 rue Rouget de Lisle, 30000 Nimes, France.
c
Centre de Radiologie, Clinique du Parc, Castelnau Le Lez, France.
Corresponding author:
[email protected];
Electronic Supplementary Material 9a. Description of the landmarks protocole, defined for the brain of Equus caballus przewalskii. Nb Description Type 1, 2 Junction alar canal/trigeminal nerve I 3, 4 In lateral view, separation trigeminal nerve/cerebrum I 5, 6 Lowest point of the rhinencephalon II 7, 8 Lowest point of the neopallium I 9, 10 Forward end of the imprint of posterior rhinale fissure I 11, 12 In lateral view, dorsal junction cerebrum/cerebellum II 13, 14 The most caudal point of the cerebrum II 15 Maximum curvature of the vermis (convex) II 16 Maximum curvature of the vermis (concave) II 17, 18 Caudal point of the foramen of the hypoglossal nerve I 19, 20 Rostral point of the foramen of the hypoglossal nerve I 21, 22 Caudal point of the ethmoid foramen I 23, 24 In lateral view, separation cerebrum/olfactory bulbs I 25, 26 The most dorsal point of the olfactory bulbs II 27, 28 The most rostral point of the olfactory bulbs II 29 The most dorsal point of the cerebrum projected on the midsagittal plan II 30 Caudal junction of both hemispheres I I, homologous landmarks; II, geometric landmarks; III, constructed landmarks. Nb, landmark number.
Nb Description Type 31 Rostral junction of both hemispheres I 32, 33 The most caudal point of the paraflocculus lobes II 34, 35 Maximal width of the cerebrum II 36 Point forward the pons I 37 The most prominent point of the sella turcica I 38, 39 In ventral view, separation trigeminal nerve/cerebrum I 40, 41 In ventral view, separation optic nerve/cerebrum I 42 Separation of both optic canals I 43 Caudal end of the imprint of the rostral communicating artery I 44, 45 Maximal width of the paraflocculus lobes II 46, 47 In ventral view, maximum curvature of the trigeminal nerve II 48 Forward end of the tentoric crest I 49 Projection in the middle of the 31-34 points segment III 50 Projection in the middle of the 31-35 points segment III 51 Projection in the middle of the 13-34 points segment III 52 Projection in the middle of the 14-35 points segment III 53 Projection in the middle of the 23-29 points segment III 54 Projection in the middle of the 24-29 points segment III 55 Projection in the middle of the 13-29 points segment III 56 Projection in the middle of the 14-29 points segment III
Electronic Supplementary Mterial 9b. Illustration of the landmarks protocole, defined for the brain of Equus caballus przewalskii. A Dorsal view. B Ventral view. C Left lateral view. D Caudal view. E Rostral view.
