Effect of three water regimes on micronutrient concentration (Iron and Zinc) of biofortified bean genotypes against malnutrition in South-Kivu marshy highlands Clérisse Casinga Mubasi1. Mambani Banda Pierre2 . Legrand Timothe Cirimwami3.. 1Faculté
des sciences de l’environnement, Université du Cinquantenaire de Lwiro, Bukavu, South-Kivu, République Démocratique du Congo. 2College of Agriculture and veterinary medicine, School of Agriculture Rural development and Agriculture economics, University of Rwanda. 3Faculté des sciences, Université de Kisangani, Province Orientale, Kisangani, République Démocratique du Congo.
Introduction
Results
Although confronted with several environmental constraints throughout its farming cycle (Burucura et al., 2011; Agossou et al., 2012; Casinga, 2015a), the bean is cultivated in more than 20 countries in Southern, Eastern and Central Africa following its adaptability with several ecological niches where it occupies more than four million hectars (Broughton et al., 2002; Hacisalihoglu et al.., 2005; Yasar et al., 2008; Casinga et al., 2015b).
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The cumulated seasonal averages of the Zn and Fe micronutrients contents in the air biomass and the dry grains decrease drastically from the top to the bottom of the landscape, respectively for the R3 and R1 water regimes according to the seasons and studied biofortified bean varieties.
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The study demonstrated that the concentrations of iron and zinc contents are highly significantly correlated to water regimes.
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The variety HM21-7 has better adaptability for demonstrating a low concentration rate of reduction in iron and zinc in the three water regimes and therefore the most appropriate in the fight against malnutrition in the South-Kivu province.
The South-Kivu, in spite of its ecological agro-potentialities, is confronted with a strong demographic explosion which, coupled with the absence of a coherent land policy, entails the rarefaction of the cultivable grounds and the consecutive fall of the production of the food crops of which, in this case the bean, due to the use of the marginal grounds, of which the marsh-land constitute more than 40% of the arable lands, and the varieties in full degeneration (Mugangu, 2008; Utshudi Ona, 2009). This plunges its population in misery and the food insecurity following a rate of chronic malnutrition protéinoenergetics from approximately 43.7% (Mastaki, 2006; PRONANUT, 2013). One solution to boost bean production in South Kivu would rely on the rational exploitation of these marshlands in accordance with specific water regimes and landscape. This paper aimed at studying the influence of the three water regimes on the concentration of Iron and Zinc content in four biofortified bean varieties for the eradication of malnutrition and so encourage the marshlands rational exploitation.
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Methods It took place following a split-plot design. A strategic application of homogenization of the soil fertility of the experimental site by mineral fertilizers, type : CaCO3, KCl and DAP was conducted. CODMLB001, RWR2245, HM-21-7 and RWK10 biofortified varieties were the main factor, while water regimes (3) represented the secondary factor, and seasonality, the tertiary factor. Methods. Keep it brief. Experimental results were appreciated by regression and correlation, variance analyses while the averages were separated by the LSDα = 0,05.test.
Conclusions
The concentrations of the Iron and Zinc micronutrients content are highly significantly correlated with the water regimes and the yield. Variety RWR2245 is best indicates according to the various modes specific of the marshland.
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Produced for the
27 February – 4 March 2016
