IPv6 address architecture on point-to-point link - apnic
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IPv6 address architecture on point-to-point link - apnic
IP Header is a little bit different ... dst-ip src-ip data dst-mac dst-ip src-ip src-mac dst src ip: 192.168.0.2 ip: 192
IPv6 address architecture on point-to-point link Matsuzaki ‘maz’ Yoshinobu
Copyright (c) 2008 Internet Initiative Japan Inc.
1
IPv4 and IPv6 • similar in routing, forwarding and so on • The basis are almost same, but… – IP Header is a little bit different – more bits in the address field • IPv4 32bit -> IPv6 128bit
Copyright (c) 2008 Internet Initiative Japan Inc.
2
IPv4 packet forwarding • Packets are delivered directly on the same segment. inet 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.0-192.168.0.255 are on the same segment ether frame dst-mac src-mac dst-ip dst-ip dst-mac
dst
src-ip data
ip: 192.168.0.2
src
src-ip src-mac
ip: 192.168.0.1 Copyright (c) 2008 Internet Initiative Japan Inc.
3
arp (Address Resolution Protocol) • MAC address is needed on Ethernet. – We know destination IPv4 address, then we need to know the layer 2(MAC) address from the IPv4 address.
IPv6 packet forwarding • Packets are delivered directly on the same segment. inet6 2001:db8::1 prefixlen 64 2001:db8:: - 2001:db8::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff are on the same segment
ether frame dst-mac src-mac dst-ip dst-ip dst-mac
dst
src-ip data
ip: 2001:db8::beef:cafe
src
src-ip src-mac
ip: 2001:db8::1 Copyright (c) 2008 Internet Initiative Japan Inc.
5
ND (Neighbor Discovery protocol) • MAC address is needed on Ethernet. – We know destination IPv6 address, then we need to know the layer 2(MAC) address from the IPv6 address.
• ND – RFC4861 • it uses ICMPv6 to solicit MAC address of destination host.
network architecture • inter-router connections, router-host segments and so on.
RT1
RT2
Copyright (c) 2008 Internet Initiative Japan Inc.
RT3
8
IPv4 addressing architecture • We assign optimal net blocks based on needs.
RT1
/30
RT2
/30
RT3
/28
/24
Copyright (c) 2008 Internet Initiative Japan Inc.
9
IPv6 addressing architecture • /64 is used everywhere.
RT1
/64
RT2
/64
RT3
/64
/64
Copyright (c) 2008 Internet Initiative Japan Inc.
10
point-to-point link • It is mainly used as an inter-router link. – POS link, Serial link and the like • useful for troubleshooting
– Actually a tunnel link is also a point-to-point link.
• A router just sends packets to an opposite router via the link. – A layer2 address resolution like arp is not required.
Copyright (c) 2008 Internet Initiative Japan Inc.
11
point-to-point link and addressing • We used to configure an address of the opposite router on each link in ancient days. – remote-address or dest_address – There are a few routers that still support remoteaddress.
• Now we use /30s or /64s for a point-to-point link as if there is a segment on the link. – We don’t care whether the link is Ethernet or POS. Copyright (c) 2008 Internet Initiative Japan Inc.
12
/30 for an inter-router link • 10.0.0.0/30 – 10.0.0.0
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