Jyoti Envirotech solid waste project.pdf

UNFCCC/CCNUCC

CDM – Executive Board

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PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR CDM PROJECT ACTIVITIES (F-CDM-PDD) Version 04.1

PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT (PDD) Title of the project activity

Version number of the PDD Completion date of the PDD Project participant(s) Host Party(ies) Sectoral scope and selected methodology(ies)

Estimated amount of annual average GHG emission reductions

Methane emission avoidance through treatment of municipal solid wastes in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India 01 15.06.2012 Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd. India Sectoral Scope 13: “Waste Handling And Disposal” Approved Methodology: AM0025 “Avoided emissions from organic waste through alternative waste treatment processes” Version: 13/EB 65 Average emission reduction of 82,729tCO2/annum

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SECTION A. Description of project activity A.1. Purpose and general description of project activity >> Description of the project activity Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd is in the process of installation of a solid waste treatment facility to produce compost and Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) by aerobic treatment of municipal solid wastes (MSW) in Lucknow. The objective of the project activity is to avoid methane emissions from anaerobic decomposition of MSW through aerobic treatment of the wastes in the solid waste treatment facility. The installed facility would have a capacity to treat 1300 TPD of municipal solid wastes. Pre-Project Scenario: At present, the management of municipal solid waste in Lucknow is not sound structured and the reason behind it is lack of awareness among the citizens as well as inactions of the civic bodies responsible for handling and management of the MSW. The waste processing and disposal mechanisms in Lucknow are majorly unscientific and involve mainly open dumping at identified sites without any preprocessing. There are no measures for landfill gas capture and or destruction. The open disposal leads to uncontrolled anaerobic decomposition of wastes causing a number of environmental and health hazards, in addition to unabated release of methane into the atmosphere, which is one of the prominent greenhouse gases. Also, the leachate generated in the landfill seeps into the soil and pollutes the ground and surface water. This scenario identified above in the pre-project scenario is the baseline scenario for the project activity. Project Scenario: The project activity involves installation of a waste handling and processing plant for treatment of waste under aerobic conditions to produce composts and refuse derived fuel (RDF). Both these products are saleable in the market. The project activity through scientific processing of wastes under aerobic conditions will result in avoidance of methane generation which would have taken place due to anaerobic decomposition of the wastes in landfill, the existing scenario of waste disposal in the city of Lucknow. Thus the project activity results in the emission reductions to the tune of 82,729 tCO2/annum on an average over 10 years of its crediting period. Contribution of the project activity towards sustainable development Government of India has stipulated following indicators 1 for sustainable development in the interim approval guidelines for CDM projects. The sustainability aspect of the project activity has been dealt under the following four pillars of sustainable development. Social Well-being: The project activity will improve the local sanitary conditions of the inhabitants of the city by facilitating an eco-friendly disposal of MSW. The project activity by avoiding the decay of MSW in unscientific and ordinary landfills helps in improving the health, moral and sanitary conditions of the local people. Jyoti 1

http://www.cdmindia.in/approval_process.php

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Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd has also committed to dedicate 2% of the revenue derived from CER, towards development of local community. The monitorable plan for the same has been detailed in Appendix A in the later section of this PDD. Economic Well-Being: The project provides employment to the community directly at the MSW processing facility and indirectly through waste collection, transportation of compost and RDF to the end user. Thus, the project provides fresh job opportunities to the local people and helps in upliftment of the economic stature of the society. Environmental Well-being: Composting of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is an attractive option for resource recovery and environmental improvement. In contrast to the anaerobic decay of biodegradable waste that occurs in the landfill sites, which results in methane generation among other landfill gases, the MSW processing project will contribute in mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through aerobic decomposition and mechanical treatment of the municipal solid waste. Due to the proposed project activity, dumping of given waste is prevented resulting in reduction in land requirement for waste disposal, leading to improved environmental conditions and a replicable model. Technological Well-being: Successful implementation of this project would lead to further diffusion of MSW processing technology for treatment of waste generated in India.

A.2. Location of project activity A.2.1. Host Party(ies) >> India A.2.2. Region/State/Province etc. >> Uttar Pradesh A.2.3. City/Town/Community etc. >> Lucknow

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A.2.4. Physical/Geographical location >> The proposed project activity will be implemented in Shiveri village in the district of Lucknow in the state of Uttar Pradesh. Lucknow is the capital of one of the largest states of India, Uttar Pradesh. It is located at latitudes 26° 51' 40.2”N and longitudes 80° 49'52”E. Lucknow is accessible from every part of India through air, rail and road. It is directly connected with New Delhi, Patna, Kolkata, Mumbai, Varanasi and other major cities by Amausi airport.

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A.3. Technologies and/or measures >> Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd. follows a scientific waste management approach which includes aerobic treatment of bio-degradable solid waste to produce compost and refuse derived fuel. The waste reaching the processing plant will be received in two separate parts, biodegradable and non-biodegradable. The biodegradable part of the wastes would be processed to produce compost and RDF while the inert materials in non-biodegradable wastes will be delivered to the sanitary landfill. The collection of waste is estimated to be 1300 TPD. The scope of project activity includes: •

Aerobic processing and mechanical treatment of the waste: The collection vehicles that bring in the waste from the transfer station to the MSW processing site, will be weighed in a weighbridge at the entrance of the facility every time the vehicles come in and go out and the respective weights will be recorded. This will be done to have a record of the incoming MSW quantities by weight. Thereafter the vehicles carrying wastes will be directed to the specified points for unloading. The inert waste will be unloaded at the identified site for sanitary landfill and the recyclable materials will be segregated for sale to scrap dealers. The rest of the waste i.e. the biodegradable wastes will be unloaded at pits which mark the start point of the waste processing line. A seepage line is present at the bottom of each pit which connects with the similar lines from other pits. This is meant for collecting the leachate that is generated from the waste deposition at the pits. Each pit has a hopper adjacent to it. The wastes collected from the pit by the EOT crane is fed into the hopper through a conveyer belt. The hopper leads the waste into a pre-sorting section and thereafter through a conveyer belt into a rotary screen trommel where the waste is screened. The wastes below 100mm as screened in the trommel are led to the composting area whereas those screened above 100 mm are led by another conveyer belt to the area for production of RDF. a) Production of compost: The trommel is a rotary screen that separates the waste on the basis of size. The biodegradable wastes fed into the trommel is further screened to segregate wastes below and above 100 mm size. The wastes below 100mm are undergone composting. The waste is collected by the EOT cranes and led to the curing and drying area where the waste is heaped and biological inoculum are sprayed at regular intervals. In this area, the moisture of the waste is dried up and maintained at 5-10%. The heaps are turned at scheduled intervals to ensure a proper aerobic processing of the waste. The heap of waste thus accumulated is further led to the composting pads. The waste is processed for duration of 20-25 days. In the course of this time, through monitored processing, the waste is transformed into a brown colored mass resembling humus. Further, the waste is passed through 3 more stages of trommel for screening the mass of waste successively into 35mm, 16mm and finally to 4 mm. At this stage, the waste is fed into the finishing area. Finishing area comprises of sheds where the final product of waste processing, compost is packed and made ready to be sold in the market. b) Production of Reduce derived fuel (RDF): Wastes screened at the trommel above 100mm are directed to a conveyer line carrying them to an adjacent area where the waste will be processed to produce reduce derived fuel (RDF). The waste is passed through a vibrating conveyer where a blower segregates any plastic material from the waste. The rest waste is then passed through the conveyer into the RDF producing machine. The production of RDF involves processing of the waste by magnetic shredders and subsequent homogenizing of the

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waste in homogenizers. Thereafter, the uniform mass of waste thus prepared is compressed by hydraulic systems to produce RDF units resembling the shape of soap blocks. The lifetime of the project equipments is specified as 25 yrs 00 months. Also, it is to be noted that the project does not involve any technology transfer from Annex 1 countries. The training required for the persons for operation and maintenance of the equipments would be provided through capacity building sessions by the technology provider and would be frequently organized by the project proponent. Brief description of type of monitoring equipments: For monitoring the various parameters of the project, the following equipments would be used. Sl No 1 2 3 4 5

Parameter Quantity of compost produced in year ‘y’ Quantity of RDF produced in year ‘y’ Amount of electricity consumed from the grid as a result of the project activity Quantity of waste composted in year ‘y’ Raw waste quantity

Description of equipment type Weight scale Weight scale Energy meter Belt scales Weigh bridge

Further details on the same have been furnished in Section B.7.1. under section “Data and parameters to be monitored” The various monitoring points in the project boundary have been schematically represented in the diagram below:

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A.4. Parties and project participants Party involved (host) indicates a host Party India(host)

Private and/or public entity(ies) project participants (as applicable)

Indicate if the Party involved wishes to be considered as project participant (Yes/No)

Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd. No (Private entity)

A.5. Public funding of project activity >> The project has not received any Official Development Assistance (ODA) from Annex I countries. SECTION B. Application of selected approved baseline and monitoring methodology B.1. Reference of methodology >> Title of the approved baseline and monitoring methodology: “Avoided emissions from organic waste through alternative waste treatment processes.” Version 13, EB 65 Sectoral Scope: 01 and 13 Reference: “Tool for the demonstration and assessment of additionality”, Version 06.0.0, EB 65 Methodological tool for “Emissions from solid waste disposal sites”, Version 06.0.1, EB 66 “Tool to calculate the emission factor for an electricity system”, Version 02.2.1, EB 63 Methodological tool for “Project and leakage emissions from composting” Version 01.0.0, EB 65 B.2. Applicability of methodology >> The project meets all the applicability criteria as set out in the methodology. The applicability conditions of the methodology AM0025, Version 13 for the project activity have been justified as below: Sr. No 1.

Applicability Conditions as per AM0025 Version 13 The project activity involves one or a combination of the following waste treatment options for the fresh waste that in a given year would have otherwise been disposed of in a landfill

Justification

The project activity involves a combination of the waste treatment options a) A composting process in aerobic conditions d) Mechanical treatment process to produce refuse-derived fuel (RDF)/stabilized biomass (SB). The project activity does not involve the use of RDF. Also, (a) A composting process in aerobic the project activity does not involve any thermal conditions; operation. In the absence of the project the fresh (b) Gasification to produce syngas and its use; waste would have been disposed off in a landfill. (c) Anaerobic digestion with biogas collection and flaring and/or its use. The anaerobic This justifies the applicability criteria. digester processes only the waste for which emission reductions are claimed in this methodology. If the biogas is processed and upgraded to the quality of natural gas and it is distributed as energy via natural gas

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2.

3.

4.

distribution grid, project activities may use approved methodology AM0053 in conjunction with this methodology. In such cases the baseline scenario identification procedure and additionality assessment shall be undertaken for the combination of the two components of the project activity i.e. biomethane emission avoidance and displacement of natural gas; (d) Mechanical/thermal treatment process to produce refuse-derived fuel (RDF)/stabilized biomass (SB) and its use. The thermal treatment process (dehydration) occurs under controlled conditions (up to 300 degrees Celsius). In case of thermal treatment process, the process shall generate a stabilized biomass that would be used as fuel or raw material in other industrial process. The physical and chemical properties of the produced RDF/SB shall be homogenous and constant over time; (e) Incineration of fresh waste for energy generation, electricity and/or heat. The thermal energy generated is either consumed on-site and/or exported to a nearby facility. Electricity generated is either consumed onsite, exported to the grid or exported to a nearby facility. The incinerator is rotating fluidized bed or circulating fluidized bed or hearth or grate type In case of anaerobic digestion, gasification or RDF processing of waste, the residual waste from these processes is aerobically composted and/or delivered to a landfill.

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In RDF processing of waste, the residual biodegradable waste is aerobically composted and the remainder i.e. the inert portion is delivered to the pre-identified sanitary landfill.

This justifies the applicability criteria. In case of composting, the produced compost The compost produced in the project activity will is either used as soil conditioner or disposed be sold in the market that will be used as a soil of in landfills conditioner.

In case of RDF/stabilized biomass processing, the produced RDF/stabilized biomass should not be stored in a manner that may result in anaerobic conditions before its use

This justifies the applicability criteria. In the project activity the produced RDF will be sold in the market and will not be stored in a manner that may result in anaerobic conditions before its use.

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5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

If RDF/SB is disposed of in a landfill, project proponent shall provide degradability analysis on an annual basis to demonstrate that the methane generation, in the life-cycle of the SB is below 1% of related emissions. It has to be demonstrated regularly that the characteristics of the produced RDF/SB should not allow for re-absorption of moisture of more than 3%. Otherwise, monitoring the fate of the produced RDF/SB is necessary to ensure that it is not subject to anaerobic conditions in its lifecycle; In the case of incineration of the waste, the waste should not be stored longer than 10 days. The waste should not be stored in conditions that would lead to anaerobic decomposition and, hence generation of CH4; The proportions and characteristics of different types of organic waste processed in the project activity can be determined, in order to apply a multiphase landfill gas generation model to estimate the quantity of landfill gas that would have been generated in the absence of the project activity;

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This justifies the applicability criteria. In the project activity the produced RDF will be sold in the market and will not be disposed in the landfill. Hence this condition is not applicable.

The project activity does not involve the incineration of waste. Hence this condition is not applicable. The proportions and characteristics of different types of organic waste processed in the project activity will be determined as per the process described in section B.7.2 of PDD, in order to apply a multiphase landfill gas generation model to estimate the quantity of landfill gas that would have been generated in the absence of the project activity.

This justifies the applicability criteria. The project activity may include electricity The project activity does not include electricity generation and/or thermal energy generation generation and/or thermal energy generation. from the biogas, syngas captured, RDF/stabilized biomass produced, Hence this condition is not applicable. combustion heat generated in the incineration process, respectively, from the anaerobic digester, the gasifier, RDF/stabilized biomass combustor, and waste incinerator. The electricity can be exported to the grid and/or used internally at the project site. In the case of RDF/SB produced, the emission reductions can be claimed only for the cases where the RDF/SB used for electricity and/or thermal energy generation can be monitored; Waste handling in the baseline scenario The MSW 2000 rules stipulated by GoI mandated

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shows a continuation of current practice of disposing the waste in a landfill despite environmental regulation that mandates the treatment of the waste, if any, using any of the project activity treatment options mentioned above

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the municipal bodies to treat the municipal waste in a scientific manner 2 . However, despite the rules, the common practice of handling the waste in the country is continuation of current practice of dumping the wastes in a disposal site 3 . In addition, no single municipality or local body has complied with the guidelines stipulated by MSW Rules, 2000 in the country4. Further, the present scenario of solid waste management in Lucknow is highly unsynchronized and inadequate and entails dumping of waste in open areas5. This justifies the applicability criteria.

10.

11.

12.

13. 2

The compliance rate of the environmental regulations during (part of) the crediting period is below 50%; if monitored compliance with the MSW rules exceeds 50%, the project activity shall receive no further credit, since the assumption that the policy is not enforced is no longer tenable Local regulations do not constrain the establishment of RDF production plants/thermal treatment plants nor the use of RDF/stabilized biomass as fuel or raw material In case of RDF/stabilized biomass production, project proponent shall provide evidences that no GHG emissions occur, other than biogenic CO2, due to chemical reactions during the thermal treatment process (such as Chimney Gas Analysis report); The project activity does not involve thermal

The compliance rate of Indian MSW Rules, 2000 is below 50%. No single municipality or local body in India has complied with the guidelines stipulated in the MSW Rules 20006. However a conservative value of 4.5% is taken for ex-ante estimations of emission reductions7. This justifies the applicability criteria. There is no such regulations that constrain the establishment of RDF production nor any regulation for the use of RDF/stabilized biomass as fuel or raw material This justifies the applicability criteria. The project activity does not involve any thermal treatment in case of RDF production. The process involved is purely mechanical treatment. Hence this condition is not applicable. There is no waste incineration in the proposed

http://envfor.nic.in/legis/hsm/mswmhr.html http://www.nswai.com/images/newsletters/jun2010.pdf 4 Sunil Kumar ,Bhattacharyya J.K. , Vaidya A.N., Tapan Chakrabarti , Sukumar Devotta , Akolkar A.B., Assessment of the status of municipal solid waste management in metro cities, state capitals, class I cities, and class II towns in India: An insight, pg 3, Waste Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/wasman 5 http://lmc.up.nic.in/nnfinal.pdf Page 26 Paragraph 3.4 describes the present scenario of solid waste management in Lucknow. 6 Sustainable Waste Management Issues in India by Shikha Saxena, R K Srivastava, and A B Samaddar, Page no 8. http://static.globaltrade.net/files/pdf/20100318081000.pdf 7 Sustainable Waste Management Issues in India by Shikha Saxena, R K Srivastava, and A B Samaddar, Page no 9. http://static.globaltrade.net/files/pdf/20100318081000.pdf 3

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treatment process of neither industrial nor project activity. hospital waste; Hence, this condition is not applicable. In case of waste incineration, if auxiliary There is no waste incineration in the proposed fossil fuel is added into the incinerator, the project activity. fraction of energy generated by auxiliary fossil fuel is no more than 50% of the total Hence, this condition is not applicable. energy generated in the incinerator. This methodology is not applicable to project Project activity does not involve capture and activities that involve capture and flaring of flaring of methane from existing waste in the methane from existing waste in the landfill. landfill. This should be treated as a separate project activity due to the difference in waste Hence, this condition is not applicable. characteristics of existing and fresh waste, which may have an implication on the baseline scenario determination.

Thus as per the methodology AM0025, the project activity involves the treatment of fresh waste (i.e municipal solid waste), originally intended for dumping through a combination of the processes a) composting b) RDF processing without incineration. The project activity avoids methane emissions by diverting organic waste from being dumped, where methane emissions are caused by anaerobic decomposition. By treating the fresh waste through alternative treatment options these methane emissions are avoided. Therefore, the project meets the applicability conditions of AM0025.

B.3. Project boundary As per AM0025, the spatial extent of the project boundary is the site of the project activity where the waste is treated. This includes the facilities for processing the waste, on-site electricity consumption, onsite fuel use and the sanitary landfill site. The project boundary does not include facilities for waste collection, sorting and transport to the project site. The summary of gases and sources included in the project boundary, and justification/ explanation where gases and sources are not included is listed below:

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Source

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GHGs

Baseline scenario

CO2

Justification/Explanation

Excluded

CO2 emissions from the decomposition of organic waste are not accounted.

Emissions from decomposition CH4 of waste at the landfill site N2O

Included

The major source of emissions in the baseline since the fresh waste is being disposed off in the landfill. Hence included.

Excluded

N2O emissions are small compared to CH4 emissions from landfills. Exclusion of this gas is conservative

CO2

Excluded

Electricity is not being consumed in the baseline. Hence excluded.

CH4

Excluded

Excluded for simplification. This is conservative

N2O

Excluded

Excluded for simplification. This is conservative

CO2

Excluded

There is no thermal energy generation in the project activity. Hence excluded.

CH4

Excluded

There is no thermal energy generation in the project activity.

N2O

Excluded

There is no thermal energy generation in the project activity.

CO2

Included

The project activity involves on-site fossil fuel consumption. Hence included.

CH4

Excluded

Excluded for simplification. This emission source is assumed to be very small.

N2O

Excluded

Excluded for simplification. This emission source is assumed to be very small.

CO2

Included

The project activity involves consumption of electricity from the grid. Hence included.

CH4

Excluded

The project activity does not involve on-site electricity generation. Hence excluded.

N2O

Excluded

The project activity does not involve on-site electricity generation. Hence excluded.

CO2

Excluded

The project activity does not involve thermal energy generation. Hence excluded.

CH4

Excluded


N2O

Excluded


Emissions from electricity consumption

Emissions from thermal energy generation

On-site fossil fuel consumption due to the project activity other than for electricity generation Project scenario

Included?

Emissions from on-site electricity use

Emissions from thermal energy generation

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Source

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GHGs

Project scenario

N2O Direct emissions from CO2 the waste treatment processes. CH4 CO2 Emissions from waste CH4 water treatment N2O

Included?

Justification/Explanation

Included

May be an important emission source. N2O can be emitted from composting activities. Hence included.

Included

CO2 emissions from decomposition of organic waste are not accounted.8

Included

Composting process may not be complete and result in anaerobic decay resulting in CH4 emissions.

Excluded

There is no waste water treatment involved in the project activity.

Excluded


Excluded


A graphical representation of the project boundary is shown below: MSW Collection in Lucknow Consumption of Electricity

MSW Processing Site

Electricity from Grid

Bio degradable waste processing

Compost

RDF

Open market

8

Segregated Inert

Electricity from Diesel

Recyclables

Sanitary landfill

PROJECT BOUNDARY

CO2 emissions from the combustion or decomposition of biomass (see definition by the EB in Annex 8 of the EB.s 20th meeting report) are not accounted as GHG emissions. Where the combustion or decomposition of biomass under a CDM project activity results in a decrease of carbon pools, such stock changes should be considered in the calculation of emission reductions. This is not the case for waste treatment projects.

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The various monitoring points in the project activity as included within the project boundary have been schematically represented in the diagram as given below:

B.4. Establishment and description of baseline scenario >> The approved methodology AM0025 version 12, recommends the use of the latest version of the tool for demonstration and assessment of additionality (version 06.0.0) to determine the most plausible baseline scenarios for the project. The various steps to establish the additionality of the project as per the methodological tool is demonstrated pictorially, as given below:

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According to the approved methodology AM0025, the baseline scenario of the activity is defined as disposal of the waste in open dump yards without taking any measures to capture the landfill gas or avoid methane emission due to the anaerobic decomposition of waste. The procedure to define the baseline scenario as per AM0025 is as follows: Step 1: Identification of alternative scenarios. The most realistic and credible alternatives available to the project activity have been identified using the following sub steps

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Sub-step 1a: Defining alternatives to project activity The approved methodology has provided the following alternatives for the disposal/treatment of the fresh waste in the absence of the project activity, i.e. the scenario relevant for estimating baseline methane emissions, to be analysed should include, inter alia: M1: The project activity (i.e. composting, gasification, anaerobic digestion, RDF processing/thermal treatment without incineration of organic waste or incineration of waste) not implemented as a CDM project; M2: Disposal of the waste at a landfill where landfill gas captured is flared; M3: Disposal of the waste on a landfill without the capture of landfill gas. Assessment of the alternatives for waste treatment: Alternative M1

Description The project activity (i.e. composting, gasification, anaerobic digestion, RDF processing/thermal treatment without incineration of organic waste or incineration of waste) not implemented as a CDM project;

Justification This alternative seems to be a realistic and plausible alternative. The project activity not implemented as a CDM project is however not a feasible alternative as the project involves high investment cost in order to set up the processing plant whereas the return from the project activity is exceptionally low (As discussed in detail in Section B.5). However, M1 is still a plausible option and is subjected to further consideration as a baseline scenario.

M2

M3

9

Disposal of the waste at a landfill The cost of construction, operation and where landfill gas captured is flared; maintenance of an engineered landfill is high as compared to the zero/minimal expenditure in the dumping of waste. Hence the scope of landfill gas recovery is minimized in India. Hence this scenario M2 is not feasible and is thus eliminated from further consideration as baseline scenario. Disposal of the waste on a landfill Disposal of the waste on a landfill without the without the capture of landfill gas. capture of landfill gas is the most common practice in India as demonstrated in Section B.5. The same has been found to be prevalent in Lucknow in the absence of the project activity9. Hence this is a common practice that faces no barriers because of low expenditure, low O & M cost, non-requirement of skilled labor etc. Thus this is the most widely practiced method for MSW disposal throughout the country.

http://lmc.up.nic.in/nnfinal.pdf page 26 paragraph 3.4

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This alternative M3 is considered as the most likely baseline scenario for the project activity. The methodology further states that “If energy is exported to a grid and/or to a nearby industry, or used on-site realistic and credible alternatives should also be separately determined for: • Power generation in the absence of the project activity; • Heat generation in the absence of the project activity.” Under the scope of the project activity, neither heat nor power generation takes place. Hence the clause as mentioned above is not applicable to the project activity. Thus alternatives M1 and M3 are further subjected for baseline consideration. Alternative M2 is not considered as a plausible and realistic baseline scenario for the project activity. Sub-step 1b: Consistency with mandatory laws and regulations The MSW (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 notified by Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India makes it mandatory for proper and scientific management of solid waste. Under this rule, land filling of the waste is not allowed but based on the studies10 and surveys carried out it was observed that the most common practice in India to dispose the solid waste is open dumping and land filling without any treatment and processing. It is observed that these rules are not implemented/enforced systematically thus leading to the most widespread practice of dumping waste in the country. Conclusion: Thus the alternatives M1 and M3, has been considered further. Outcome of Sub-step 1b: The two identified realistic and credible alternative scenario(s) to the project activity that are in compliance with mandatory legislation and regulations taking into account the enforcement in the country and EB decisions on national and/or sectoral policies and regulations are as follows: Alternative M1: The project activity carried out without the CDM; and Alternative M3: Disposal of the waste on a landfill without the capture of landfill gas. (Continuation of the current practice of disposal in landfill). Step 2: Identify the fuel for the baseline choice of energy source taking into account the national and/or sectoral policies as applicable. Since there is no power generation or heat utilization in the project activity, thus baseline does not involve use of fuel for energy. Outcome of Sub-step 2: Alternatives M1 and M3 have been subjected for further consideration. Step 3: Step 2 and/or Step 3 of the latest approved version of the “Tool for demonstration and assessment of additionality” shall be used to assess which of these alternatives should be excluded from further consideration (e.g. alternatives facing prohibitive barriers or those clearly economically unattractive). The above analysis in Step 1 and Step 2 leaves with two alternatives M1 and M3.

10

Present Scenario of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Dumping Grounds in India, by Amiya Kumar Sahu, National Solid Waste Association of India, Mumbai

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The further analysis has been discussed in detail in Section B.5 below. Step 4: Where more than one credible and plausible alternative remains, project participants shall, as a conservative assumption, use the alternative baseline scenario that results in the lowest baseline emissions as the most likely baseline scenario. The least emission alternative will be identified for each component of the baseline scenario. In assessing these scenarios, any regulatory or contractual requirements should be taken into consideration. As demonstrated in Section B.5, only one alternative remains after applying the “Tool for demonstration and assessment of additionality” to assess exclusion of the alternatives from further consideration. Hence this step is not applicable as there is only one alternative available to the project activity. As demonstrated in section B.5., it is evident that after investment analysis, only one alternative i.e. M3 remains as the most plausible option and hence, this has been considered as the baseline to the project activity. B.5. Demonstration of additionality >> As per the approved methodology, Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd. has identified the above mentioned realistic and credible alternative(s) (M1 and M3) that were available to them and that would provide output and services comparable to the project activity (refer section B.4). These alternatives are in compliance with all applicable legal and regulatory requirements. The Tool for the demonstration and assessment of additionality stipulates that either Step 2 (Investment Analysis) or Step 3 (Barrier Analysis), or both can be selected to demonstrate additionality. As the Project faces financial barriers for its implementation in the absence of CDM, it is appropriate to choose Step 2 to demonstrate its additionality. Step 2. Investment analysis The alternative considered for further analysis is alternative “M3” being the most commonly followed practice. Sub-step 2a: Determine appropriate analysis method Since the project generates incomes other than CDM related income, for the purpose of investment analysis, Option III (Benchmark Analysis) is chosen as it is deemed as the most appropriate analysis method where the returns on the investment in the project activity is compared to benchmark returns. Sub-step 2b: Option III. Apply benchmark analysis The indicator used for carrying out the investment analysis is IRR that will determine the feasibility of the project activity. This is compared with the Prime Lending Rate available at the time of investment decision. For this purpose the PLR of Reserve Bank of India has been considered which is found to be 12.00% as per Benchmark PLR of RBI during Aug-2009.11 Sub-step 2c: Calculation and comparison of financial indicators The IRR for the proposed project activity without CDM revenue is computed for a period of 20 years lifetime. A detailed investment analysis has been carried out and presented in the supported excel sheets. The data and analysis is presented here. The techno-economical parameters used for IRR calculation of the project activity is provided in the table below: 11

http://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/WSSView.aspx?Id=14988

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Parameters

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Unit

Value

MTs/ day

1300 25 yrs 0 months

As per DPR As per specification provided by tech supplier

Rs. in Lacs Rs. in Lacs Rs. in Lacs Rs. in Lacs Rs. in Lacs Rs. in Lacs

3541.056 1781.286 157.81 104.44 120.11 5704.709

As per DPR As per DPR As per DPR As per DPR As per DPR As per DPR

Rs. in Lacs Rs. in Lacs Rs. in Lacs

893.4 2700 2111

As per DPR As per DPR As per RFP

Applicable Interest Rate on term loan

Percent

12.50%

As per bank terms

Benchmark Prime Lending Rate (PLR)

Percent

12.00%

http://www.iba.org.in/view plr.asp?memcatid=1

Percent

18%

Percent

12%

Percent

2%

Percent

70%

Percent

70%

Rs/Ton Rs/Ton

2000 2000

Percent

5%

Percent

5%

Rs. / TON Rs. / TON Rs. / TON Rs. / TON Rs. / TON

150 100 250 100 150

Capacity (MSW per day) Project Lifetime

Years

Source

Cost of the project Buildings & Civil works Plant and Machinery Interest payable during construction Contingencies Margin Money for working capital Total cost Financing pattern Promoter’s Contribution through equity Promoter’s contribution through loan Subsidy under JNNURM

Compost and RDF related costs Recovery of compost from total MSW processed Recovery of RDF from total MSW processed Recovery of recyclable materials from total MSW processed Percentage of compost produced envisaged to be sold in the market in the first year Percentage of RDF produced envisaged to be sold in the market in the first year Sale price of compost Sale price of RDF Yearly increment in percentage of compost and RDF for sale in the market Yearly escalation in sale price of compost and RDF Packaging cost of Compost Marketing cost of Compost Transportation cost of Compost Loading/unloading cost of compost Packaging cost of RDF

As per DPR

As per quote received from distributor CPI(Consumer Price Index) data

As per quote received from distributor

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Marketing cost of RDF Transportation of RDF Loading/unloading cost of RDF

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Rs. / TON Rs. / TON Rs. / TON

100 250 100

MSW Processing cost Power consumption cost Rs Lacs/annum Diesel consumption cost Rs Lacs/annum Plant maintenance cost including that of % of capital cost for vehicles plant machineries ml/ MT of MSW Use of senitiler processing kg./ MT of MSW Use of bio-culture processing Cost of senitiler use Rs/litre Cost of bio-culture use Rs/kg Cost of daily consumables (oil, lubricants Rs Lacs/annum and cotton waste) Salary and wages of employees and staff Rs Lacs/annum

165.39 187.20 2%

As per DPR

50 1.0 150 180

As per quote received

26 373

As per DPR

Escalation rates Escalation in maintenance cost Escalation in employee wages Escalation in fuel cost Escalation in electricity cost Other commodities escalation

Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent

4.00% 7.14% 8.74% 8.74% 5.83%

St. line Depn. - Buildings - Plant & Machinery IT Depreciation - Buildings - Plant & Machinery Income Tax – MAT

Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent

3.34% 11.3% 10% 15% 11.33%

Income Tax

Percent

33.99%

CPI(Consumer Price Index) data WPI(WholeSale Price Index) data

Depreciation As per company’s law 1956, www.fastfacts.co.in/resour ces/DepCoAct.rtf Income Tax Acthttp://www.indiainbusines s.nic.in/investment/taxatio n.htm

Based on the above assumptions the results of the financial analysis have been provided below: Location Lucknow MSW project

Benchmark 12.00%

IRR (Without CDM) 6.86%

As evident the IRR of the project activity is below the benchmark. This clearly indicates that investment barrier exists in project activity implementation which is mitigated by the revenue derived from the carbon credits that the project activity would obtain due to Clean Development Mechanism. The additionality of the project is thus evident. Sub-step 2d: Sensitivity analysis

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The purpose of sensitivity analysis is to examine whether the conclusion regarding the financial viability of the proposed project is sound and tenable with those reasonable variations in the assumptions. The investment analysis provides a valid argument in favor of additionality only if it consistently supports (for realistic range of assumptions) the conclusion that the project activity is unlikely to be the most financially attractive or is likely to be financially attractive. Thus, a sensitivity analysis was also applied to the IRR calculations to measure the impact, positive or negative, of changes in the indicated parameters. The project proponent has chosen various factors as critical to the operation of the project in accordance with Guidance on the Assessment of Investment Analysis (Version- 03.1, paragraph- 17), which states that only variables, including the initial investment cost, that constitute more than 20% of either total project costs or total project revenues should be subjected to reasonable variation. Hence the sensitivity is carried out by varying the parameters to 10% on either side, to ascertain the impact on the profitability and hence, the IRR of the project. The results of the sensitivity analysis are as presented below Sensitivity Parameter Quantity of waste processed O&M cost

Organic Manure sales

Cost of bioculture used

+10% 13.25% -ve value (1.2% increase leads to an IRR of -1.04 %) Hence it is less than the benchmark PLR 13.69% However 10% increase in sale price of organic manures is a highly unrealistic under the higly stringent market scenario for compost sale. (explained in subsequent paragraphs on barrier analysis) -ve value 1.6% leads to a decrease of IRR to 0.91% Hence it is less than the benchmark PLR

Variation and resultant IRR 0%

-10% -ve value 16.88% However this is not a realistic scenario as the O&M cost is not expected to decrease in future -ve value -5% leads to a decrease of IRR to -3.02% Hence it is less than the benchmark PLR

6.86%

15.13% However this is not a realistic scenario as the bioculture cost is not expected to decrease in future as is evident from the WPI for all commodities as published by

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Fuel and electricity cost

-ve value 2.4% leads to a decrease of IRR to -0.57% Hence it is less than the benchmark PLR

Project capital cost

5.70% Hence it is less than the benchmark PLR 0.77% Hence it is less than the benchmark PLR

Packaging, marketing and transportation expense

RBI. 12.79% However this is not a realistic scenario as the fuel and electricity cost is not expected to decrease in future as is evident from the WPI for fuel, power and electricity, as published by RBI. 8.18% Hence it is less than the benchmark PLR 10.40% Hence it is less than the benchmark PLR

Thus, the sensitivity analysis for the project reveals that even with significant changes in various parameters, the project IRR does not cross benchmark rates. Therefore, the project activity is clearly additional and is not a business–as–usual scenario. Step 3: Barrier Analysis The major barrier applicable to the alternative M1 is A) Technology Barrier B) Other Barrier and C) Investment Barrier. Sub-step 3a: Identify barriers that would prevent the implementation of the proposed CDM project Activity A) Technological Barrier The plant would use state of the art technology in the process of waste handling and compost manufacturing. EOT (Electric Overhead Transport) cranes would transfer the wastes from one processing station to the other. Automation will be ensured wherever possible. Hydraulic type press system would be installed for the RDF manufacturing. Thus the plant would employ the latest technologies in the field of waste handling and management that involves a lot of technology transfer from international suppliers and exorbitant costs. Also, smooth operation of the plant would require proper training of the operating personnel on the equipments and hence, regular capacity building training programs would have to be organized by the project proponent. Another threat posed by the variation in feedstock quality is the content of highly abrasive and corrosive materials in it. These cause rapid wear and corrosion of the process equipments. Hence all MSW plants entail high cost of operation and maintenance due to frequent repairs, breakdowns and shutdowns. B) Market barrier:

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Organic waste recycling is still neglected by private initiatives, because of its low value and the lack of a market for compost. Limited markets for compost sales and low prices for compost are a major challenge that all systems face12. The persisting skepticism among the farmers about the quality of composts poses a constant threat on the marketability of the composts. Misconceptions like soil contamination due to use of composts, are still borne in the minds of many. Thus the emphasis on quality control of final products is of utmost importance. Also, increased awareness among the farmers on the benefits derived out of compost usage as value added substitutes to chemical fertilizers have to be encouraged through campaigns and other promotional activities. Also, high cost of transportation sometimes makes it difficult to justify the use of composts when compared to the benefits derived out of it. C) Investment barrier The project proponent has demonstrated through investment analysis that without CDM revenue the project activity is not a financially attractive proposition. At the inception, the project had received refusal for loans from financial institutions for unimpressive returns envisaged from the project and the project proponent was suggested to estimate the returns along with additional revenue as may be associated with the project activity (for e.g. revenue from carbon credits). The project proponent had re-submitted their application for loan with the consideration of the CDM revenue and thereafter received the sanction. All these factors substantiate to prove that additional efforts are required for overcoming the market barrier for the compost produced in the plant. In this context the additional incentive available to the plant through Clean Development Mechanism would be utilized for market development of the compost produced in the plant and also to partially compensate for the losses for not being able to sell compost in the market Thus the barriers as illustrated above pose a serious obstacle to the project activity, and thus would lead to high operational uncertainties if not implemented as a CDM project activity. Sub-step 3 b. Shows that the identified barriers would not prevent a wide spread implementation of at least one of the alternatives (except the proposed project activity): As discussed above, dumping of the solid waste in a landfill without gas capture (M3) is a common practice in India and none of the barriers discussed above would prevent it from occurring. The barriers identified i.e. technological barrier and the market barrier does not in any way prevent the continuation of the baseline scenario. Hence project activity satisfies the additionality criteria as per clause 3b) of the tool for the demonstration and assessment of additionality, Version 06.0.0. Step 4: Common practice analysis According to the methodology AM0025, project proponents should “provide evidence of the early stage of development of the project activity and that it is not common practice in the country. To this end, they should provide an analysis of waste management practices.” In order to justify the early development of the project activity the chronology for the same has been presented below as we proceed further. As per the “Tool to for the demonstration and assessment of additionality” (Version 06.0.0) similar type of project is defined as follows:

12

http://www.tn.gov.in/cma/swm_in_india.pdf page 145.

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Sub-step 4b: Discuss any similar Options that are occurring The above analysis demonstrates the similar activities occurring as the project activity. But it can be seen that all the treatment facilities are composting facilities and none of the plants have RDF production facility. Most of these composting facilities have applied for CDM benefits and those that have not are facing difficulties. The project activity conforms to the measures of “Methane formation avoidance” as mentioned in paragraph 6 of the Tool for the demonstration and assessment of additionality”. Hence analysis of the project activity as per paragraph 47 is illustrated as follows: Step 1: Calculate applicable output range as +/-50% of the design output or capacity of the proposed project activity. The capacity of the project activity is 1300 TPD. Hence considering an output range of +/-50%, the analysis would entail all projects of capacities between 1950 TPD and 650 TPD. Therefore as per the table of cities as listed above, the cities considered for present analysis would include the following Processing of Waste

Disposal of waste Uncontrolled Sanitary Earth dumping landfill cover

Waste Quantity (TPD) 1669

Composting

Pelletisation

300

✓

✓

✗

✗

✓

Ahmedabad

1302

500

✗

✓

✗

✓

✓

Pune

1175

500

✓

✓

✗

✗

✓

Surat

1000

*

✗

✓

✗

✗

✓

Kanpur

1100

*

✗

✓

✗

✓

✓

Jaipur

904

*

✗

✓

✗

✓

✓

Ludhiana

735

✗

✗

✓

✗

✗

✓

Agra

654

✗

✗

✓

✗

✗

✓

City Bangalore

CDM status

Step 2: In the applicable geographical area, identify all plants that deliver the same output or capacity, within the applicable output range calculated in Step 1, as the proposed project activity and have started commercial operation before the start date of the project. Note their number Nall. Registered CDM project activities and projects activities undergoing validation shall not be included in this step. The applicable geographical area for the project activity would entail the entire host country i.e. India. Of the selected cities as listed above, the same output i.e. organic composts and RDF is produced by Bangalore and Pune. However all the projects are under validation. Hence as per the given definitions, Nall for the present analysis of the project activity is equal to 0 since all the plants with similar output and within the applicable capacity range have considered CDM benefits associated to the projects Nall = 0 Step 3: Within plants identified in Step 2, identify those that apply technologies different than the technology applied in the proposed project activity. Note their number Ndiff. All the plants as included in Nall use the same technology for compost production and RDF manufacturing. Hence, under the scope of the present analysis Ndiff = 0

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Step 4: Calculate factor F=1-Ndiff/Nall representing the share of plants using technology similar to the technology used in the proposed project activity in all plants that deliver the same output or capacity as the proposed project activity. Under the scope of the project activity, the factor is calculated as follows F = 1-Ndiff/Nall = 1 – 0= 1 Therefore under the scope of the project activity, the factor F cannot be determined. The proposed project activity is a .common practice. within a sector in the applicable geographical area if both the following conditions are fulfilled: (a) the factor F is greater than 0.2, and (b) Nall-Ndiff is greater than 3. Since as per the above analysis, F = 1 which is greater than 0.2 Nall - Ndiff = 0 which is less than 3 As per the methodology, the proposed project activity is a common practice within a sector in the applicable geographical area if both the following conditions are fulfilled. Thus, since one of the criterions as imposed by the tool, is not satisfied by the project activity, hence it is prudent to conclude that the project activity is not a common practice and hence additional. , the analysis shows that the project activity is additional. Also as per the India Infrastructure Report 2006, the few aerobic compost plants that have been set up are typically functioning much below installed capacity, and most are “facing a problem of marketing the compost due to an ineffective marketing mechanism”. Thus it can be concluded that extremely few similar activities can be observed in India, and when they are observed, they face considerable barriers and have not had much success from an economic perspective. The experience provided by these composting attempts only serves to reinforce the fact that implementing composting activities is financially unviable. Therefore, as demonstrated by the investment and barrier analyses in Steps 2 and 3, it is clear that the project is not financially viable without the revenue from CDM, and there are significant barriers to its implementation. In addition, as detailed in Step 4, the proposed project is not common practice either, and in the limited cases where aerobic composting is taking place, it is proving to be a failure from an economic perspective. It can therefore be concluded that the proposed project is additional, and would not occur without CDM, due to the financial and technological barriers in place. Moreover, the CDM registration of the Project will also serve as a model for other projects and promote the dissemination of sustainable waste management practices. Serious consideration of CDM: As per paragraph 2 of EB 62/ Annex 13 “Guidelines to the demonstration and assessment of prior consideration of the CDM, for project activities with a start date after 2nd August 2008, “the project proponent must inform a Host Party designated national authority (DNA) and the UNFCCC secretariat in writing of the commencement of the project activity and of their intension to seek CDM status. Such notification must be made within six months of the project activity start date and shall contain the precise geographical location and brief description of the proposed project activity using the standardized form F-CDM – Prior consideration.” As mentioned in the section C.1.1, the start date for the project activity is 10/10/2011 i.e. date of placing the first purchase order for the project activity.

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The project proponent had intimated the Host Party designated national authority (DNA) i.e. Ministry of environment and Forests (Govt. of India) and the UNFCCC secretariat, about the project activity on 09/10/2011. This intimation was made in the F-CDM-Prior consideration format as prescribed by UNFCCC . Thus, the intimation to Host party DNA and UNFCCC secretariat was made within six months from the project start date as this is in accordance to the “Guideline to the demonstration and assessment of prior consideration of the CDM”. As per the “Guidelines on the demonstration and assessment of prior consideration of the CDM”, version 04, EB 62 Annex 13, serious consideration of CDM has been demonstrated below: Date 14/09/2009 28/10/2009 11/11/2009

07/09/2010

23/10/2010

Project Related Activity Financial proposal from Jyoti Build-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Revised financial proposal from Jyoti Build-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Letter of award for development of Integrated Solid waste management facilities for Lucknow Municipal Corporation, UP. Receipt of certificate of incorporation for M/s JYOTI ENVIROTECH PRIVATE LIMITED. Concession agreement signed between Lucknow Municipal Corporation, Uttar Pradesh Jal Nigam and Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd.

07/06/2011

03/10/2011 09/10/2011

23/03/2012

Evidence Copy of proposal Copy of proposal Copy of the letter of award

Copy of certificate

Copy of Agreement

Environmental Clearance received for development of Municipal Solid Waste Landfill and processing facility at Village-Shiveri Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd. appointed CDM consultants for the project No objection certificate from Airports Authority of India. Project proponent submitted the Prior consideration of the CDM form to host party DNA (Ministry of Environment and Forests, Govt. of India) and the UNFCCC secretariat.

21/09/2011

10/10/2011

CDM Related Activity

Purchase order raised for Plant Machinery Stakeholder Meeting

Copy of Approval

letter

the

of

Copy of work order placed on the CDM consultants. Copy of no objection certificate Copy of Prior consideration of the CDM form, as submitted to MoEF, GoI and UNFCCC.

Copy of Purchase order. Consultation Copy of the Minutes of Meeting

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B.6. Emission reductions B.6.1. Explanation of methodological choices >> Approved baseline and monitoring methodology AM0025- Avoided emissions from organic waste through alternative waste treatment processes, Version 13 has been used to calculate emission reductions from the project. The estimation of project emission, baseline emission and leakage emission are described below. Project emissions: The proposed project uses MSW processing (RDF and compost production processes) to treat the organic waste. Therefore, the project emissions in year y are calculated as follows: PEy = PEelec,y + PEfuel, on-site,y + PEc,y + PEa,y + PEg,y+ PEr,y + PEi,y + PEw,y + PEco-firing,y Where: PEy PEelec,y PEfuel, on-site,y PEc,y PEa,y PEg,y PEr,y PEi,y PEw,y PEco-firing,y

(1)

= Is the project emissions during the year y (tCO2e) = Is the emissions from electricity consumption on-site due to the project activity in year y (tCO2e) =Is the emissions on-site due to fuel consumption on-site in year y (tCO2e) =Is the emissions during the composting process in year y (tCO2e) =Is the emissions from the anaerobic digestion process in year y (tCO2e) =Is the emissions from the gasification process in year y (tCO2e) =Is the emissions from the combustion of RDF/stabilized biomass in year y (tCO2e) =Is the emissions from waste incineration in year y (tCO2e) =Is the emissions from wastewater treatment in year y (tCO2e) =Is the emissions from thermal energy generation/electricity generation from on site fossil fuel consumption during co-firing in year y (tCO2e)

The project activity involves composting and mechanical treatment to produce compost and RDF. It involves the electricity consumption onsite and on-site fuel consumption. Hence the equation applicable to the project activity is as follows: Hence for the project activity: PEa,y =0 as the project does not entail anaerobic digestion. PEg,y =0 as the project does not entail gasification. PEr,y =0 as the project does not entail combustion of RDF/stabilized. PEi,y =0 as the project does not entail waste incineration. PEw,y =0 as the project does not entail wastewater treatment. PEco-firing,y =0 as the project does not entail thermal energy generation/electricity generation from on site fossil fuel consumption. Therefore, PEy = PEelec,y + PEfuel, on-site,y + PEc,y

(2)

Emissions from electricity use on site (PEelec,y): The project uses electricity from the NEWNE grid at processing plant at Lucknow. The emissions from electricity use are therefore calculated as: PEelec,y = EGPJ,FF,y * CEFelec

(3)

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Where: EGPJ,FF,y CEFelec

Page 28

= Is the amount of electricity generated in an on-site fossil fuel fired power plant or consumed from the grid as a result of the project activity, measured using an electricity meter (MWh) = Is the carbon emissions factor for electricity consumed in the project activity (tCO2e/MWh)

Under the scope of the project activity, electricity use on site would include the electricity consumption due to the plant equipments and machineries on site that are used to produce the composts the RDF. Emissions from fuel use on-site (PEfuel,on-site,y): Project participants shall account for CO2 emissions from any on-site fuel combustion (other than electricity generation, e.g. vehicles used on-site, heat generation, for starting the gasifier, auxiliary fossil fuels need to be added into incinerator, heat generation for mechanical/thermal treatment process, etc.). Emissions are calculated from the quantity of fuel used and the specific CO2-emission factor of the fuel, as follows: PEfuel,on-site,y = Fcons,y * NCVfuel * EFfuel Where: PEfuel, on-site,y Fcons,y NCVfuel EFfuel

(4)

= Is the CO2 emissions due to on-site fuel combustion in year y (tCO2) = Is the fuel consumption on site in year y (l or kg) = Is the net caloric value of the fuel (MJ/l or MJ/kg) = Is the CO2 emissions factor of the fuel (tCO2/MJ)

As per methodology project participants may use IPCC default values for the net calorific values and CO2 emission factors. Under the scope of the project activity, fuel use on-site would include consumption of diesel fuel by the vehicles (e.g. excavators, earth movers etc) as may be engaged for the project activity on-site. Further, the project may also include Diesel Generator(s) placed on site to provide necessary power back-up in incidents of exigency. Thus the diesel fuel consumed by the DG set would also be monitored and be counted in fuel use quantity on-site. Hence, for the project activity: NCVfuel = NCVy,diesel And EFfuel = EF,diesel Emissions from composting (PEc,y): As per the methodological tool for “Project and leakage emissions from composting” Version 01.0.0, EB 65 Annex 09, emission from composting PEc,y = PEEC,y + PEFC,y + PECH4,y + PEN2O,y + PERO,y

(5)

Where: PEEC,y

= Project emissions from electricity consumption associated with composting in year y (tCO2/yr) This has already been accounted for under the variable PEelec,y as explained previously and hence may not be further included to avoid double counting.

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PEFC,y

= Project emissions from fossil fuel consumption associated with composting in year y (tCO2/yr) This has already been accounted for under the variable PEfuel,on-site,y as explained previously and hence may not be further included to avoid double counting.

PECH4,y

= Project emissions of methane from the composting process in year y (tCO2e/yr)

PEN2O,y

= Project emissions of nitrous oxide from the composting process in year y (tCO2e/yr)

PERO,y

=Project emissions of methane from run-off wastewater associated with co-composting in year y (tCO2e/yr). The leachate generated in the project activity will be gainfully utilized in maintaining the moist environment of the bio degradable waste. Hence the project activity would not entail any project emission from run-off wastewater. PERO,y= 0

Therefore PEc,y = PECH4,y + PEN2O,y

(6)

Determination of project emissions of methane (PECH4,y ) Project emissions of methane from composting (PECH4,y) are determined as follows: PECH4,y = Qy * EFCH4,y * GWPCH4 (7) Where: Qy = Quantity of waste composted in year y (t / yr) EFCH4,y = Emission factor of methane per tonne of waste composted valid for year y (tCH4/ t) For the value of EFCH4,y, a default value as provided in section IV of the tool will be considered. i.e. EFCH4,y = EFCH4,default. GWPCH4 = Global Warming Potential of CH4 (tCO2e / tCH4 ) Determination of project emissions of nitrous oxide (PEN2O,y ) The N2O emissions from composting are calculated as follows: PEN2O,y

= Qy * EFN2O,y * GWPN2O

(8)

Where: Qy = Quantity of waste composted in year y (t / yr) EFN20,y = Emission factor of methane per tonne of waste composted valid for year y (tN2O/ t) For the value of EFN2O,y, a default value as provided in section IV of the tool will be considered. i.e. EFN20,y = EFN20,default. GWPN20 = Global Warming Potential of N20 (tCO2e / tN2O ) Baseline emissions: To calculate the baseline emissions project participants shall use the following equation: BEy = (MBy - MDreg,y) + BEEN,y

(9)

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Where: BEy MBy MDreg,y BEEN,y

Page 30

= Is the baseline emissions in year y (tCO2e) = Is the methane produced in the landfill in the absence of the project activity in year y (tCO2e) = Is methane that would be destroyed in the absence of the project activity in year y (tCO2e) = Baseline emissions from generation of energy displaced by the project activity in year y (tCO2e). Since the project activity does not entail generation of energy, hence BEEN,y= 0.

Methane that would be destroyed in the absence of the project activity (MDreg.y) The methodology states that In cases where regulatory or contractual requirements do not specify MDreg,y, an Adjustment Factor (AF) shall be used and justified, taking into account the project context. In doing so, the project participant should take into account that some of the methane generated by the landfill may be captured and destroyed to comply with other relevant regulations or contractual requirements, or to address safety and odour concerns.

MDreg,y = MBy * AF Where: AF = Is Adjustment Factor for MBy (%) The parameter AF shall be estimated as follows: In cases where a specific system for collection and destruction of methane is mandated by regulatory or contractual requirements, the ratio between the destruction efficiency of that system and the destruction efficiency of the system used in the project activity shall be used In the host country India, there is no regulation for capture and destruction of methane generated by the landfill. Hence, the adjustment factor the project activity is 0 as per the present scenario. i.e. AF = 0 Therefore, MDreg,y = 0 However, in due course of time, the value of AF may undergo changes as per the governmental regulations imposed in the host country (India) with respect to MSW management. Rate of compliance In cases where there are regulations that mandate the use of one of the project activity treatment options and which is not being enforced, the baseline scenario is identified as a gradual improvement of waste management practices to the acceptable technical options expected over a period of time to comply with the MSW Management Rules. The adjusted baseline emissions (BEy,a) are calculated as follows: BEy,a = BEy * ( 1 − RATECompliancey) Where: BEy RATECompliancey

(10)

= Is the CO2-equivalent emissions as determined from equation 14 = Is the state-level compliance rate of the MSW Management Rules in that year y. The compliance rate shall be lower than 50%; if it exceeds 50% the project activity shall receive no further credit.

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The compliance ratio RATECompliancey shall be monitored ex post based on the official reports for instance annual reports provided by municipal bodies. For details on the consideration the value of RATECompliancey, for the purpose of ex ante calculation, refer to annexure 1. Methane generation from the landfill in the absence of the project activity (MBy) The amount of methane that is generated each year (MBy) is calculated as per the latest version of the approved methodological tool “Emissions from solid waste disposal sites” (Version 06.0.1, EB 66 Annex 46). Considering the following additional equation: MBy

= BECH4,SWDS,y

Where: BECH4,SWDS,y

= Is the methane generation from the landfill in the absence of the project activity at year y that is methane emissions avoided during the year y from preventing waste disposal at the solid waste disposal site during the period from the start of the project activity to the end of the year y (tCO2e) as calculated using Application B in the methodological tool “Emissions from solid waste disposal sites”. The tool estimates methane generation adjusted for, using adjustment factor (fy), any landfill gas in the baseline that would have been captured and destroyed to comply with relevant regulations or contractual requirements, or to address safety and odor concerns. As this is already accounted for in this methodology, “fy” in the tool shall be assigned a value 0

The amount of methane that is generated each year (BECH4,SWDS,y, tCO2e) is calculated for each year with the recommended multi-phase model, the First Order Decay (FOD) model. The amount of methane produced in the year y is calculated as follows:

(11) Where: BECH4,SWDS,y φ f GWPCH4 OX F DOCf

MCF

= Methane emissions avoided during the year y from preventing waste disposal at the solid waste disposal site (SWDS) during the period from the start of the project activity to the end of the year y (tCO2e) = Model correction factor to account for model uncertainties = Fraction of methane captured at the SWDS and flared, combusted or used in another manner. Since no such practice exists in the host country India, hence for the project activity the value for “f” has been considered 0. =Global Warming Potential (GWP) of methane, valid for the relevant commitment period =Oxidation factor (reflecting the amount of methane from SWDS that is oxidized in the soil or other material covering the waste) =Fraction of methane in the SWDS gas (volume fraction) =Fraction of degradable organic carbon (DOC) that can decompose. For the project activity, the default value has been adopted from the Methodological tool for Emission from solid waste disposal sites, Version 06.0.1; EB 66 Annex 48 Therefore DOCf = DOCf, Default =Methane correction factor. For the project activity, the value for unmanaged solid waste disposal sites – deep, has been adopted from the Methodological tool for Emission from solid waste disposal sites, Version 06.0.1; EB 66 Annex 48 Therefore MCFy = 0.8

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Wj,x DOCj kj j x y

Page 32

=Amount of organic waste type j prevented from disposal in the SWDS in the year x (tons) =Fraction of degradable organic carbon (by weight) in the waste type j =Decay rate for the waste type j =Waste type category (index) =Year during the crediting period: x runs from the first year of the project activity (x = 1) to the year y for which avoided emissions are calculated (x = y) =Year for which methane emissions are calculated

Where different waste types j are prevented from disposal, the amount of different waste types (Wj,x) is determined through sampling and the mean is calculated from the samples, as follows: Since the project activity corresponds to Application B as stated in the tool, hence the values of few parameters have been adopted as explained in table 1 of the tool. Determining the amounts of waste types j disposed in the SWDS (Wj,x) Wj,x = Wx * pj,x Where: Wj,x Wx pj,x j x

(12) =Amount of organic waste type j prevented from disposal in the SWDS in the year x (tons) =Total amount of waste prevented from from disposal in the SWDS in year x (t) = Average fraction of the waste type j in the waste in year x (weight fraction) = Types of solid waste = Years in the time period for which waste is disposed at the SWDS, extending from the first year in the time period (x = 1) to year y (x = y)

The fraction of the waste type j in the waste for the year x or month i are calculated according to equations (7) and (8), as follows

(13) Where: pj,x pn,j,x zx n j x

= Average fraction of the waste type j in the waste in year x (weight fraction) = Fraction of the waste type j in the sample n collected during the year x (weight fraction) = Number of samples collected during the year x = Samples collected in year x = Types of solid waste = Years in the time period for which waste is disposed at the SWDS, extending from the first year in the time period (x = 1) to year y (x = y)

Determining the fraction of DOC that decomposes in the SWDS (DOCf,y) In the case that the tool is applied to MSW, then project participants may choose to either apply a default value (DOCf,y = DOCf,default) or to determine DOCf,y or DOCf,m based on measurements of the biochemical methane potential of the MSW (BMPMSW), as follows:

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(14) Where: DOCf,y BMPj F DOCj pj,y pj,m j y m

= Fraction of degradable organic carbon (DOC) that decomposes under the specific conditions occurring in the SWDS for year y (weight fraction) = Biochemical methane potential for the MSW disposed or prevented from disposal (t CH4 / t waste) = Fraction of methane in the SWDS gas (volume fraction) = Fraction of degradable organic carbon in the waste type j (weight fraction) = Average fraction of the waste type j in the waste in year y (weight fraction) = Average fraction of the waste type j in the waste in month m (weight fraction) = Types of solid waste in the MSW = Year of the crediting period for which methane emissions are calculated (y is a consecutive period of 12 months) = Month of the crediting period for which methane emissions are calculated

Leakage: The sources of leakage considered in the methodology are CO2 emissions from off-site transportation of waste materials in addition to CH4 and N2O emissions from the residual waste from the anaerobic digestion, gasification processes and processing/combustion of RDF. Leakage emissions should be estimated from the following equation: Ly = Lt,y + Lr,y + Li,y + Ls,y + LCOMP,y Where: Lt,y Lr,y Li,y Ls,y LCOMP,y

(15)

=Is the leakage emissions from increased transport in year y (tCO2e) =Is the leakage emissions from the residual waste from the anaerobic digester, the gasifier, the processing/combustion of RDF/stabilized biomass, or compost in case it is disposed of in landfills in year y (tCO2e) =Is the leakage emissions from the residual waste from MSW incinerator in year y (tCO2e) =Is the leakage emissions from end use of stabilized biomass (tCO2e) =Leakage emissions associated with composting in year y (t CO2e / yr)

Since the project activity does not include the use of MSW incinerator, Ls,y = 0 The project activity does not involve the disposal of residual waste from processing of RDF or compost in landfill. Also for ex-ante estimations, the residual waste is taken as 100% inerts. Hence Lr,y =0. The produced compost and RDF will be sold in the market. Also for ex-ante estimations for this project activity, the weight of stabilized biomass sold offsite for which no sale invoices can be provided is considered as zero. Hence Ls,y =0. Emissions from Transportation (Lt, y)

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This would occur when the waste is transported from waste collecting points, in the collection area, to the treatment facility, instead of the existing landfills. In this case, project participants shall document the following data in the CDM-PDD: an overview of collection points from where the waste will be collected, their approximate distance (in km) to the treatment facility, existing landfills and their approximate distance (in km) to the nearest end-user. The emissions are calculated (As per AM0025) from the quantity of fuel (diesel) used and the specific CO2 emission factor of the fuel (diesel) for vehicles

(16) Where: NOvehicles,i,y DTi,y VF cons NCVfuel Dfuel EFfuel

=Is the number of vehicles for transport with similar loading capacity =Is the average additional distance travelled by vehicle type i compared to baseline in year y (km) =Is the vehicle fuel consumption in litres per kilometre for vehicle type i (l/km) =Is the Calorific value of the fuel (MJ/Kg or TJ/Gg) =Is the fuel density (kg/l), if necessary =Is the Emission factor of the fuel (tCO2e/MJ)

For estimation of NOvehicles,i,y the following equation has been used for ex-ante calculation: NOvehicles,i,y

= Qy/CTy

Where: Qy CTy

= Is the quantity of waste composted in the year “y” (tonnes) = Is the average truck capacity for waste transportation (tonnes/truck)

(17)

Lt,y,waste is the emissions due to increased transportation from the waste collecting point to the waste treatment facility. In this, the incremental distance travelled by vehicle type i compared to baseline is equalt to 0. Therefore Lt,y,waste = 0. For calculation of emissions from transport of compost to the users (Lt,y,compost), the same formula applies. Qy is replaced by Mcompost where Mcompost is the total quantity of compost produced in year y. Similarly for calculation of emissions from transport of RDF (Lt,y,RDF), Qy is replaced by MRDF where MRDF is the total quantity of RDF produced in year y. Thus Lt,y = Lt,y,compost + Lt,y,RDF

(18)

Calculation of emission reductions: To calculate the emission reductions the following equation has been applied: ERy = BEy - PEy - Ly Where: ERy = Is the emissions reductions in year y (t CO2e) BEy = Is the emissions in the baseline scenario in year y (tCO2e) PEy = Is the emissions in the project scenario in year y (tCO2e) Ly = Is the leakage in year y (tCO2e)

(19)

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B.6.2. Data and parameters fixed ex ante (Copy this table for each piece of data and parameter.) Data / Parameter

AF

Unit

%

Description

Methane destroyed due to regulatory or other requirements

Source of data

Local and/or national authorities

Value(s) applied

0

Choice of data or Measurement methods and procedures

As per the approved methodology, AM0025 Version 13, AF shall be assigned a value taking into account the amount of methane generated by the landfills that may be captured and destroyed to comply with relevant regulations and contractual requirements of the host country. Since there exists no regulations or contractual requirement to capture and destroy the methane generated from the landfills in India, hence AF has been fixed ex-ante and assigned a value of 0%. Calculation of baseline emission.

Purpose of data Additional comment Data / Parameter

φ

Unit

Unitless

Description

Default value model corrections factor to account for model uncertainties

Source of data Value(s) applied

Methodological tool for emission from solid waste disposal sites Version 06.0.1; EB 66 Annex46 0.85


As per Table 3, the project activity conforms to Humid/Wet conditions in Application B. Accordingly the default value for φ has been taken from table 3. This is in the absence of monitored data for φ as per Option 2 in the tool for determination of model correction factor.

Purpose of data

Calculation of baseline emission.

Additional comment

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Data / Parameter

F

Unit

Unitless

Description

Fraction of methane in the SWDS gas (volume fraction)

Source of data

IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

Value(s) applied

0.5


Value adopted from Methodological tool for emission from solid waste disposal sites Version 06.0.1; EB 66 Annex46.

Purpose of data


Additional comment

Upon biodegradation, organic material is converted to a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide

Data / Parameter

OX

Unit

Unitless

Description

Oxidation factor (reflecting the amount of methane from SWDS that is oxidized in the soil or other material covering the waste) Based on an extensive review of published literature on this subject, including the IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 0.1

Source of data

Value(s) applied Choice of data or Measurement methods and procedures

Value adopted from Methodological tool for emission from solid waste disposal sites Version 06.0.1; EB 66 Annex46.

Purpose of data

Calculation of baseline emission. When methane passes through the top-layer, part of it is oxidized by methanotrophic bacteria to produce CO2. The oxidation factor represents the proportion of methane that is oxidized to CO2 This should be distinguished from the methane correction factor (MCF) which is to account for the situation that ambient air might intrude into the SWDS and prevent methane from being formed in the upper layer of SWDS

Additional comment

Data / Parameter

DOCf,,Default

Unit

Unitless

Description Source of data

Default value for the fraction of degradable organic carbon (DOC) in MSW that decomposes in the SWDS IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

Value(s) applied

0.5


Default value adopted from Methodological tool for emission from solid waste disposal sites Version 06.0.1; EB 66 Annex46.

Purpose of data


Additional comment

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Data / Parameter

MCFy

Unit

Unitless

Description

Methane correction factor

Source of data

IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

Value(s) applied

0.8


Value for unmanaged solid waste disposal sites – deep, as per the methodological tool for emission from solid waste disposal sites Version 06.0.1; EB 66 Annex46. This comprises all SWDS not meeting the criteria of managed SWDS and which have depths of greater than or equal to 5 meters Calculation of baseline emission.

Purpose of data Additional comment

MCF accounts for the fact that unmanaged SWDS produce less methane from a given amount of waste than managed SWDS, because a larger fraction of waste decomposes aerobically in the top layers of unmanaged SWDS. The baseline dumping sites have been found to be greater than 5 meters.

Data / Parameter

DOCj

Unit

Unitless

Description

Fraction of degradable organic carbon (by weight) in the waste type j

Source of data

IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (adapted from Volume 5, Tables 2.4 and 2.5)

Value(s) applied Waste type j

Choice of data or Measurement methods and procedures Purpose of data Additional comment

DOCj (% wet waste) 43

Wood and wood products Pulp, paper and cardboard 40 (other than sludge) Food, food waste, beverages 15 and tobacco (other than sludge) Textiles 24 Garden, yard and park waste 20 Glass, plastic, metal, other inert 0 waste Default values adopted from table 4 as per the methodological tool for emission from solid waste disposal sites Version 06.0.1; EB 66 Annex46


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Data / Parameter

kj

Unit

Unitless

Description

Decay rate for the waste type j

Source of data

IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (adapted from Volume 5, Table 3.3) Default values adopted from table 5 for Wet Type waste in tropical (Mat>20ºC) conditions, as per the methodological tool for emission from solid waste disposal sites Version 06.0.1; EB 66 Annex46

Value(s) applied

Slowly degrading


Waste type j Pulp, paper, cardboard (other than sludge), textiles

kj 0.045

Wood, wood products and straw 0.025 Food, food waste, sewage sludge, Rapidly degrading 0.085 beverages and tobacco Other (non-food) organic putrescible Moderately degrading 0.065 garden and park waste The annual temperature limits of Lucknow has been adopted from: http://www.nih.ernet.in/rbis/india_information/annual%20temperature.htm The average annual temp of Lucknow is thus estimated to be 25.82ºC. Thus Lucknow is considered to be in the tropical zone with MAT > 20ºC. And hence the default value has been obtained as per Table 5.

Purpose of data


Additional comment

Data will be archived for crediting period + 2 years

Data / Parameter

CEFelec

Unit

t CO2/MWh

Description

Combined emission factor of NEWNE Grid

Source of data

CEA CO2 Baseline Database, Version 7.0, Jan 2012 (www.cea.nic.in)

Value(s) applied

0.9216 This data is taken from publicly available CEA CO2 baseline database version 7 dated March 2012. http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/planning/cdm_co2/cdm_co2.htm

Choice of data or Measurement methods and procedures Purpose of data

Calculation of project emission.

Additional comment

This value is fixed for the entire crediting period.

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Data / Parameter

EFCH4,Default

Unit

t CH4 / t

Description

Default emission factor of methane per tonne of waste composted (wet basis)

Source of data

The emission factor was selected based on studying published results of emission measurements from composting facilities, literature reviews on the subject and published emission factors. Data from recent, high quality sources was analyzed and a value conservatively selected from the higher end of the range in results.

Value(s) applied

0.002 Default value applied for a conservative estimation. Default value adopted from section IV of methodological tool for “Project and leakage emissions from composting” (Version 01.0.0), EB 65 Annex 09.



Additional comment Data / Parameter

EFN2O,Default

Unit

t N20 / t

Description

Default emission factor of nitrous oxide per tonne of waste composted (wet basis) The emission factor was selected based on studying published results of emission measurements from composting facilities, literature reviews on the subject and published emission factors. Data from recent, high quality sources was analyzed and a value conservatively selected from the higher end of the range in results. 0.0002

Source of data

Value(s) applied Choice of data or Measurement methods and procedures

Default value applied for a conservative estimation. Default value adopted from section IV of methodological tool for “Project and leakage emissions from composting” (Version 01.0.0), EB 65 Annex 09.

Purpose of data


Additional comment

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Data / Parameter

NCVy,diesel

Unit

TJ/ Gg

Description

Net calorific value of diesel consumed for power generation at the MSW processing unit Used IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 2, Table 1.2, p.1.18 43

Source of data Value(s) applied Choice of data or Measurement methods and procedures

In the absence of project specific data and region specific data, IPCC 2006 default value has been taken.

Purpose of data

Calculation of leakage emission and project emission.


EF,diesel

Unit

tCO2/ TJ

Description

Emission factor of diesel

Source of data

Used IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories,

Value(s) applied

74.1


In the absence of project specific data and region specific data, IPCC 2006 default value has been taken.

Purpose of data

Calculation of leakage emission and project emission.

Additional comment

Data / Parameter

GWPCH4

Unit

tCO2/ tCH4

Description

Global warming potential of CH4

Source of data


Value(s) applied

21 for the first commitment period. Shall be updated for future commitment periods according to any future COP/MOP decisions In the absence of project specific data and region specific data, IPCC 2006 default value has been taken.

Choice of data or Measurement methods and procedures Purpose of data Additional comment


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Data / Parameter

GWPN20

Unit

tCO2/ TJ

Description

Emission factor of diesel

Source of data


Value(s) applied

310 for the first commitment period. Shall be updated for future commitment periods according to any future COP/MOP decisions In the absence of project specific data and region specific data, IPCC 2006 default value has been taken.




Ddiesel

Unit

Kg/L

Description

Density of fuel

Source of data

Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), India

Value(s) applied

0.87


In the absence of project specific data and region specific data, BEE value has been taken.

Purpose of data

Calculation of leakage emission.

Additional comment

B.6.3. Ex ante calculation of emission reductions >> For the purpose of ex-ante calculation of emission reduction, the following assumptions have been taken into consideration: Total quantity of MSW available (tonnes/day) Annual Number of operating days: Percentage of organic content in the MSW: Rate of compliance:

1300 330 47% 10%

Total quantity of biodegradable wastes to be processed:

201630 TPD (Calculated)

Amount of electricity consumed per day due to the project Specific gravity of diesel

1550 kWh 0.87 kg/litre

Calculation of Combined emission factor of NEWNE Grid (CEFelec) As the project activity utilises electricity from the NEWNE Grid, the project uses the approach (a) combined margin emission factor for the NEWNE grid, following seven steps of “Tool to calculate the emission factor for an electricity system” (Version 02.2.1, EB 63) and using publicly available data of

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“Central Electrical Authority” (the most recent version “CO2 Baseline Database Version 7.0”13 available at the time of submission of the CDM PDD to the DOE for Global Stakeholders Consultation). As per the stepwise approach to calculate the emission factor of an electricity system, the EF y is being calculated as follows: Step 1: Identify the relevant electricity system: As per the CEA: CO2 baseline database version 7[0], January 2012, combined emission factor is given for northern, eastern, western and north-eastern girds taken together. Therefore, this combined emission factor will be used for the NEWNE grid to evaluate the emission reductions. Step 2: Choose whether to include off-grid power plants in the project electricity system (optional) As per the tool, Option I is selected for the project activity as only grid connected power plants are included in the calculation. Step 3: STEP3. Select a method to determine Operating Margin (OM) The project proponent has chosen to adopt option a) of step 3, i.e consideration of Simple Operating Margin for the project. As per the tool, The simple OM method (Option a) can only be used if lowcost/must-run resources2 constitute less than 50% of total grid generation in: 1) average of the five most recent years, or 2) based on long-term averages for hydroelectricity production. Referring the relevant data from the CEA:CO2 baseline database version 7[0], January 2012, the below table is drawn for the % share of net generation by the must-run hydro/nuclear plants for the past 5 years.

Region NEWNE

2006-07 18.50%

2007-08 19.00%

2008-09 17.40%

2009-10 15.90%

2010-11 17.60%

Average 17.7%

Since the average is 17.7% and is below the threshold of 50% as prescribed in the tool, hence Simple OM method is applicable for the project activity. Step 4. Calculate the operating margin emission factor according to the selected method Simple OM: The Central Electricity Authority (CEA) of Government of India has calculated the CO2 Operating Margin emission factor of NEWNE Grid. The following information has been used for the calculation of baseline emissions: Simple Operating Margin CO2 emission factor (EFgrid,OM,y) (incl. Imports) Parameter Year Unit Value Source/Reference 13

http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/planning/cdm_co2/cdm_co2.htm

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Simple Operating 2008-09 Margin (NEWNE grid) Simple Operating 2009-10 Margin (NEWNE grid) Simple Operating 2010-11 Margin (NEWNE grid) 3 year generation weighted average of Operating Margin CO2 emission factor

tCO2/MWh

1.01

“CO2 Baseline Database for Indian Power Sector” version 07.0 published by the Central tCO2/MWh 0.98 Electricity Authority, Ministry of Power, Government of India tCO2/MWh 0.97 available at www.cea.nic.in tCO2/MWh 0.9843 Calculated based on the most recent data available at the time of submission of the CDM-PDD to the DOE for validation Note: 3 year generation weighted average of Operating margin CO2 emission factor has been calculated following the guidelines provided in “Tool to Calculate the emission Factor for an Electricity System” (Version 02.2.1, EB 63) STEP 5. Calculate the build margin (BM) emission factor Central Electricity Authority (CEA) of Government of India has calculated the CO2 Build Margin emission factor of NEWNE Grid for the year 2010-2011. Build Margin CO2 emission factor (EFgrid,BM,y) Parameter Year Unit Build Margin (NEWNE 2009- tCO2/MWh grid) 10

Value 0.859

Source/Reference “CO2 Baseline Database for Indian Power Sector” version 07.0 published by the Central Electricity Authority, Ministry of Power, Government of India available at www.cea.nic.in

Step 6: Calculate the combined margin emissions factor. The Project proponent has opted for Option A i.e. estimation of Combined Margin by weighted average nethod. EFy = wOM * EFgrid,OM,y + wBM * EFgrid,BM,y

Combined margin CO2 emission factor (EFgrid,CM,y or EFy) 3 year generation weighted tCO2/MWh 0.9843 average of Operating Margin CO2 emission factor (NEWNE grid), EFgrid,OM,y Build Margin (NEWNE grid), tCO2/MWh 0.859

Refer the above table

Refer the above table

EFgrid,BM,y

Weighting of operating margin emissions factor, wOM

%

50

Weighting of build margin emissions factor, wBM

%

50

“Tool to Calculate the emission Factor for an Electricity System” (Version 02.2.1, EB 63) “Tool to Calculate the emission Factor for an Electricity System” (Version 02.2.1, EB 63) Calculated

Combined margin CO2 emission tCO2/MWh 0.9216 factor (EFgrid,CM,y or EFy) Note: Combined margin CO2 emission factor has been calculated following the guidelines provided in “Tool to Calculate the emission Factor for an Electricity System” (Version 02.2.1, EB 63) Hence CEFelec is calcualted to be 0.9216 for the Project activity.

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Calculation of Project Emission: As per equation 3) PEelec,y = EGPJ,FF,y * CEFelec = (1550 * 330/1000) * 0.9216 = 471 tCO2e Considering diesel consumption per day due to the project activity100 Litre Fcons,y = 100* 330*0.87/1000 = 29 tonnes As per equation 4) PEfuel,on-site,y = Fcons,y * NCVfuel * EFfuel = 29 * 43 * 74.1 = 91 tCO2e Considering composition of organic waste as follows: Cloth 5% Garden, Yard waste 30% Food Waste 55% Paper 10% Thus, waste type category (j) = 4 Therefore Quantity of cloth waste Quantity of garden waste Quantity of food waste Quantity of paper waste

= = = =

1300 * 330 * 47% * 5% = 10082 tonnes/annum 1300 * 330 * 47% * 30% = 60489 tonnes/annum 1300 * 330 * 47% * 55% = 110897 tonnes/annum 1300 * 330 * 47% * 10% = 20163 tonnes/annum

Therefore, total waste quantity = (10082 + 60489 + 110897 + 20163) = 201630 tonnes/annum Therefore, amount of waste composted is Qy = (50% of 201630) = 100815 tonnes/annum (This is with the consideration of equal distribution of the total biodegradable waste for RDF production and for composting. The parameter Qy will be monitored ex-post). As per equation 7) project emission of methane has been calculated as PECH4,y = Qy * EFCH4,y * GWPCH4 = 100815 * 0.002 * 21 = 4234 tCO2e As per equation 8) project emission of methane has been calculated as PEN20,y = Qy * EFN20,y * GWPN20 = 100815 * 0.0002 * 310 = 6251 tCO2e Therefore as per equation 6) emission from composting has been calculated as PEc,y = PECH4,y + PEN2O,y = 3243 + 4788 = 10485 tCO2e Therefore as per equation 2) project emission has been calculated as PEy = PEelec,y + PEfuel, on-site,y + PEc,y = (471 + 91 + 10485) tCO2e = 11048 tCO2e Calculation of Baseline Emission As per equation 11), methane generation from the landfill in the absence of the project activity is calculated as

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= 0.85*(1-0)*21*(1-0.1)*16/12*0.5*0.5*0.8*{[10082*0.24*e-0.7(1)*(1- e-0.7)] + [60489*0.2*e-0.17(1)*(1- e0.17 )]+ [110897*0.15*e-0.4(1)*(1- e-0.4)] + [20163*0. 4*e-0.07(1)*(1- e-0.07)]} = 34,633 tCO2e. Considering a compliance rate of 4.5%14, i.e. RATECompliancey = 0.045. Therefore, as per equation 10) Adjusted baseline emission has been calculated as BEy,a = BEy * ( 1 − RATECompliancey) = 38481 * (1 – 0.045) = 17,316 tCO2e. Therefore as per equation 9) Baseline emission has been calculated as BEy = (MBy - MDreg,y) + BEEN,y = (34633 – 0) + 0 = 33,058 tCO2e. Calculation of Leakage Emission As per equation 16)

Where: DTi,y

VF cons

=Is the average additional distance travelled by vehicle type i compared to baseline in year y (km) For ex-ante estimation, this has been considered to be 200 Kms for both compost and RDF =Is the vehicle fuel consumption in litres per kilometre for vehicle type i (l/km) For ex-ante estimation, the same has been assumed to be 0.2 l/km

Now, as per equation 17) NOvehicles,i,y is given by Qy/CTy For ex-ante estimation, CTy has been considered to be 10 Tons. Lt,y,compost = (18% * 1300 * 330 / 10) * 200 * 0.2 * 0.87 * 43 / 10^6 * 74.1 = 856 tCO2e. Lt,y,RDF = (12% * 1300 * 330 / 10) * 200 * 0.2 * 0.87 * 43 / 10^6 * 74.1 = 571 tCO2e. Therefore, as per equation 18) , emission from transportation has been calculated as Lt,y = Lt,y,compost + Lt,y,RDF = (856 + 571) = 1427 tCO2e. As per equation 15) leakage emission has been calculated as Ly = Lt,y + Lr,y + Li,y + Ls,y + LCOMP,y = 1427 + 0 + 0 + 0 +0 = 1427 tCO2e. Therefore, as per equation 19) emission reduction has been calculated as ERy = BEy - PEy - Ly = (33058 – 11048 – 1427) = 20584 tCO2e. Emission reduction for all other years in the crediting period has been calculated in a similar manner. 14

For details on the value considered, refer to Annexure 1 below.

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B.6.4. Summary of ex ante estimates of emission reductions Baseline Project emissions Year emissions (t CO2e) (t CO2e) 2012-2013 33058 11048 2013-2014 57319 11048 2014-2015 75420 11048 2015-2016 89168 11048 2016-2017 99805 11048 2017-2018 108188 11048 2018-2019 114916 11048 2019-2020 120408 11048 2020-2021 124963 11048 2021-2022 128795 11048 952041 110476 Total Total number of 10 crediting years Annual 95204 11408 average over the crediting period

B.7. Monitoring plan B.7.1. Data and parameters to be monitored (Copy this table for each piece of data and parameter.)

Page 46

1427 1427 1427 1427 1427 1427 1427 1427 1427 1427 14,270

Emission reductions (t CO2e) 20584 44844 62945 76694 87330 95714 102441 107934 112489 116320 827294

1,427

82729

Leakage (t CO2e)

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Data / Parameter Unit Description Source of data Value(s) applied Measurement methods and procedures

Monitoring frequency QA/QC procedures Purpose of data Additional comment



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Mcompost Tonnes/year Quantity of compost produced in year ‘y’ Plant records 77220 Monitoring- The quantity of compost produced will be weighed on calibrated scale. Data Type- Measured & Calculated Archiving- Paper & Electronic Responsibility- The site in-charge shall be responsible for the regular recording of data. Calibration Frequency- Annually from NABL accredited laboratories as per NABL standards. Accuracy class: Accuracy class of the weight scale is +/- 10 gms Responsibility: Site supervisor will be responsible for recording the data. Continuous The quantity of compost produced will be cross checked with the sale of compost. For calculation of project, baseline and leakage emission Data will be archived for a period of crediting period + 2 years

M RDF Tonnes/year Quantity of RDF produced in year ‘y’ Plant records 51480 Monitoring- The quantity of RDF produced will be weighed on calibrated scale. Data Type- Measured & Calculated Archiving- Paper & Electronic Responsibility- The site in-charge shall be responsible for the regular recording of data. Calibration Frequency- Annually from NABL accredited laboratories as per NABL standards. Accuracy class: Accuracy class of the weight scale is +/- 10 gms Responsibility: Site supervisor will be responsible for recording the data. Continuous The quantity of RDF produced will be cross checked with the sale of RDF. For calculation of project, baseline and leakage emission Data will be archived for a period of crediting period + 2 years

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Data / Parameter Unit Description Source of data Value(s) applied

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Pn,j,x Weight fraction of the waste type j in the sample n collected during the year x. Sample analysis of the MSW by project participant. SL. No 1 2 3 4

Measurement methods and procedures

Monitoring frequency QA/QC procedures


Data / Parameter Unit Description Source of data

Value(s) applied Measurement methods and procedures


Waste type

Composition %

Cloth Garden, yard waste Food Waste Paper

5% 30% 55% 10%

Source: These values are as mentioned in the DPR. Sampling method will be selected in order to determine a constant weight fraction of the waste type treated. As per the tool, the size and frequency of sampling should be statistically with a maximum uncertainty range of 20% at 95% confidence level. Since the number of operating days is 330, it is ensured that the waste will be delivered for all the 330 days and hence will be monitored daily. Sampling will be done on a monthly basis. Annually The sampling of the raw wastes will be done by a laboratory in the project site. The results of sampling will be further checked by an independent accredited laboratory once in three months. For calculation of baseline emission Data will be archived for a period of crediting period + 2 years

RATECompliancey % Rate of compliance Reports published by Municipal bodies (Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of India or State level Municipal Authority) Analysis for computation of value for RATECompliancey has been presented in Annexure 1, provided in the last section of the document. 4.5 % The ex-ante value has been taken as 4.5%. For ex-post calculation of emission reductions, compliance rates would be taken from the reports published by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of India or State level Municipal Authority. Annually Not required as per AM0025 Version 12 For calculation of baseline emission Data will be archived for a period of crediting period + 2 years

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Data / Parameter Unit Description Source of data Value(s) applied Measurement methods and procedures Monitoring frequency QA/QC procedures Purpose of data Additional comment

z Number of samples collected during the year x. Lab Records 12 per year

Data / Parameter Unit Description

f Fraction of methane captured at the SWDS and flared, combusted or used in another manner Plant Log Book- Written information from the operator of the solid waste disposal site. 0 Monitoring- Data Type- Measured Archiving- Paper & Electronic Responsibility- The site in-charge shall be responsible for the regular recording of data. Calibration Frequency- Annually Not required as per the methodological tool to determine “Emissions avoided from solid waste disposal sites” Version 06.0.1; EB 66 Annex 46 For calculation of baseline emission At present, there is no provision for capturing, flaring or combusting the methane emissions at the SWDS. This justifies the choice of the data value. Data will be archived for a period of crediting period + 2 years in both electronic and paper formats

Source of data Value(s) applied Measurement methods and procedures


Annually For calculation of baseline emission Data will be archived for a period of crediting period + 2 years

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Monitoring frequency QA/QC procedures Purpose of data Additional comment Data / Parameter Unit Description Source of data Value(s) applied Measurement methods and procedures


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EG PJ,FF,y MWh/yr Amount of electricity consumed from the grid as a result of the project activity Electricity meter reading from electricity meter bill. 512 Monitoring- The electricity consumption data will be measured through electricity meter. Data Type- Measured & Calculated Archiving- Paper & Electronic Responsibility- The site in-charge shall be responsible for the regular recording of data. Calibration Frequency- Annual or Once in 3 years from NABL accredited laboratories as per NABL standards. Accuracy class: Accuracy class of the energy meter is 0.5 Responsibility: Site supervisor will be responsible for recording the data. Monthly Electricity meter will be subject to regular (in accordance with stipulation of the meter supplier) maintenance and testing to ensure accuracy. For calculation of project emission Data will be archived for a period of crediting period + 2 years Fcons,y litre Fuel (diesel) consumption on-site during year ‘y’ of the crediting period Purchase invoices 100 litres/day Monitoring- The electricity consumption data will be measured through electricity meter. Data Type- Measured & Calculated Archiving- Paper & Electronic Responsibility- The site in-charge shall be responsible for the regular recording of data. Calibration Frequency- Annual or Once in 3 years Daily For calculation of project emission Data will be archived for a period of crediting period + 2 years

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DT i, compost, y km Average additional distance travelled by vehicle type ‘i’ compared to baseline in year ‘y’ for compost transportation Plant Records 200 Monitoring- The data will be obtained from map and online sources Data Type- Calculated Archiving- Paper & Electronic Responsibility- The site in-charge shall be responsible for the regular recording of data. Calibration Frequency- For every vehicle The location to which the compost will be transported will be obtained from the transporter’s challans. The distance of this location will be obtained from online sources/map. Assumption to be approved by DOE For calculation of leakage emission Data will be archived for a period of crediting period + 2 years

Qy Tonnes/yr Quantity of waste composted in year ‘y’ Plant records 1,00,815 Monitoring- The quantity of waste composted will be measured with belt scales installed in the conveyer belt coming out of the pre-sorting area. Data Type- Measured & Calculated Archiving- Paper & Electronic Responsibility- The site in-charge shall be responsible for the regular recording of data. Calibration Frequency- Once in three yearsfrom NABL accredited laboratories as per NABL standards. Accuracy class: Accuracy class of the belt scale is +/- 10 gms Responsibility: Site supervisor will be responsible for recording the data. Daily The belt scales will be calibrated as per standards provided by the manufacturer. For calculation of project emission Data will be archived for a period of crediting period + 2 years

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DT i, RDF, y km Average additional distance travelled by vehicle type ‘i’ compared to baseline in year ‘y’ for RDF transportation Plant Records 200 Monitoring- The data will be obtained from map and online sources Data Type- Calculated Archiving- Paper & Electronic Responsibility- The site in-charge shall be responsible for the regular recording of data. Calibration Frequency- For every vehicle The location to which the compost will be transported will be obtained from the transporter’s challans. The distance of this location will be obtained from online sources/map. For calculation of leakage emission Data will be archived for a period of crediting period + 2 years

CTt, y Tonnes/truck Carrying capacity of each truck delivering waste to the composting installation in year y The maximum carrying capacity as stated on the truck’s nameplate is registered by personnel at the entrance gate of the composting installation. 10 Monitoring- The data will be monitored by the challan received from the transport contractors post the loading of the vehicle. Data Type- Measured Archiving- Paper & Electronic Responsibility- The site in-charge shall be responsible for the regular recording of data. Calibration Frequency- Accuracy class: Accuracy class of the weight scale is +/- 5 kgs Responsibility: Site supervisor will be responsible for recording the data. Every vehicle Weighbridge or any other applicable weighing device is subject to periodic calibration (in accordance with stipulation of the weighing device supplier).

For calculation of leakage emission Data will be archived for a period of crediting period + 2 years

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VFcons litre/ km Average fuel consumption per kilometre of vehicles for compost transportation Plant Records 5 Monitoring- Transporter’s challan Data Type- Measured Archiving- Paper & Electronic Responsibility- The site in-charge shall be responsible for the regular recording of data. Calibration FrequencyFor every vehicle Transporter’s challan is a third-party document. Hence QA/QC procedures are not required. For calculation of leakage emission Data will be archived for a period of crediting period + 2 years

B.7.2. Sampling plan >> The project proponent has proposed a sampling plan in accordance with “Standard for sampling and surveys for CDM project activities and programme of activities” Version 02.0 ( EB 65/ Annex 2). Sampling will be done to determine weight fraction of the waste type treated. Sampling procedures will be followed in-line with the sectoral best practices, and as per the guidelines laid out Section 3.3, Chapter 3, of the Manual on Solid Waste Management as published by the Ministry of Urban Development for public information15. Therefore on each sample collection day, about 100 Kg of incoming MSW will be withdrawn randomly from four incoming trucks, entering the project site. About 10 Kg of MSW each will be collected from ten randomly selected points, from outside and inside of the solid waste heap so piled. The total quantity of waste so collected (approx 100 Kg) will then be thoroughly mixed and then reduced by quartering till a sample of such a size was obtained which could be handled by the laboratory. Thus each master sample of approximately 25 Kg will be sent to the accredited laboratory for composition analysis. Sampling will be done once in a month in in-house laboratory. The results of sampling will be further checked by an independent accredited laboratory once in three months. B.7.3. Other elements of monitoring plan >> Monitoring refers to the collection and archiving of all relevant data necessary for determining the baseline, measuring anthropogenic emissions by sources of greenhouse gases (GHG) within the project boundary of a CDM project activity and leakage, as applicable. The project activity is a GHG avoidance project where the waste materials (i.e. municipal solid wastes) collected will be treated aerobically to produce compost and mechanically to produce RDF and will be sold in an open market. The financial performance of the project activity depends significantly on the CDM revenue to be availed through sale of Certified Emission Reduction (CER) units accrued from the project activity. This will require monitoring of all the relevant GHG performance parameters. Therefore, 15

http://urbanindia.nic.in/publicinfo/swm/chap3.pdf

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the project proponent has developed a monitoring protocol which will be followed throughout the proposed crediting period in order to ensure proper operation of the project activity resulting in generation of carbon credits. The same is explained below: Monitoring Plan: Monitoring the project’s performance in terms of ERs achievement requires the fulfillment of operational data collection and processing obligations from the operator. The operator of compost plant has the primary obligation to collect data that would facilitate the calculation of the project ERs. The data shall be collected by the operator based on the most recent available information as per the Procedures presented in this PDD. In addition, roles and responsibilities of monitoring personnel would be well defined.

1.0 Objective of monitoring plan § To ensure smooth uninterrupted operation of the project activity and hence generation of carbon credits § To ensure proper monitoring, reporting and verification of all the parameters required to evaluate the GHG performance of the project activity § To identify flaws in the monitoring system and open up opportunities for further improvement 2.0 Roles and Responsibilities The project proponent has developed a team who will be involved in monitoring, reporting and verification of all the GHG performance related parameters. The following schematic diagram will explain the individual roles and responsibilities of all the members of the team: Team Shift Operator

Shift In-charge

Plant Manager

Management Representative(s)Production Department

Responsibility Monitoring and reporting the GHG performance related parameters following the guidance provided in the Project Design Document. - Reviewing the GHG performance related parameters as recorded by the Shift Operator in every shift. - Implementation of appropriate corrective measures in case any discrepancies are identified in the reported parameters. - Preparation of daily and monthly reports.

- Reviewing the daily and monthly reports in consultation with the Shift In-charge. - Implementation of appropriate corrective measures in case any discrepancies are identified in the daily and monthly reports. - Ensuring calibration of the monitoring equipments as and when required.

- Reviewing the monthly and annual production statistics. - Evaluating the GHG performance of the project activity. - Identify opportunities for further improvement.

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SECTION C. Duration and crediting period C.1. Duration of project activity C.1.1. Start date of project activity >> 10/10/2011 i.e. date of placing the first purchase order for the project activity. C.1.2. Expected operational lifetime of project activity >> 25 years 0 months. C.2. Crediting period of project activity C.2.1. Type of crediting period >> The project proponent has opted for a fixed crediting period. C.2.2. Start date of crediting period >> 01/09/2012 or date of registration of the project activity with UNFCCC, whichever is later. C.2.3. Length of crediting period 10 years 0 months.

SECTION D. Environmental impacts D.1. Analysis of environmental impacts >> In the applicable EIA notification i.e. S.O. 3067(E)16, dated 01/12/2009, Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF), Govt. of India, the Municipal Solid Waste projects are not included in the list of projects that has to get Prior Environmental Clearance (EC) either from State or Central Govt. authorities and hence no EIA study was conducted. The project does not fall under the purview of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) notification of the Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India. However due weightage has been given to environmental aspects. D.2. Environmental impact assessment >> The environmental impacts of the project activity are not considered to be significant by the project participant or the host party. The project activity would help in avoidance of emissions caused due to the combustion of fossil fuels such as SOx, NOx and particulate matter. SECTION E. Local stakeholder consultation E.1. Solicitation of comments from local stakeholders >> Stakeholder meeting was convened by Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt Ltd at the plant site at Shiveri, Lucknow, on 23/03/2012 to explain the salient details of the Project, its benefits to the society and villagers. Prior to the meeting, individual invitation letters were sent to each of the identified stakeholder on 15/03/2012 to obtain their consensus for attending the meeting. The objective of the meeting was to conduct open discussion where stakeholders are encouraged to raise questions, express their concern and 16

http://moef.nic.in/downloads/rules-and-regulations/3067.pdf

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comments about the proposed project through a participatory process and to list down any probable concern of stakeholders. The various stakeholders present in the meeting were the local inhabitants, employees of Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd, representatives from equipment supplier Eco Trademart Pvt. Ltd, representatives of Lucknow Development Agency and local NGO representatives. The MD of Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd. then briefed them about the project activity as per the following schedule: · · · ·

Project Background and information about the company Technology Involved in the project activity Benefits and impacts of the project activity Process of Clean Development Mechanism

Later half of the meeting, a dedicated session was allotted for question and answer session and comments from the stakeholders were invited. E.2. Summary of comments received >> Meeting was very interactive and got very encouraging response from stakeholders. The local villagers and the office bearers expressed their happiness with the setting up of an environment friendly project in their village as it had resulted in generation of employment opportunities both for literate and illiterate people. Development of infrastructure in the locality was highly appreciated. Few of prominent attendees are as follows: S No

Name

Age

Sex (M/F)

Occupation

1

Mr.Dunna

65

M

Gram Pradhan

Shiveri

2

Sd.Balbir Singh Maan

26

M

Secretary NGO - Umeed

Chowk

Dubagga

Aliganj

3

4

Abhishek Singh

36

M

Equipments Supplier – Eco Trademart Pvt. Ltd.

Mr.P.C.Mehrotra

72

M

Retired Chief Engineer,LDA,Lu cknow

Village

The meeting also included employees of Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd. The project received unanimous acknowledgement and appreciation from all the attendees at the meeting. The efforts of Jyoti Enviro Tech in their attempt to combat global warming and simultaneously improve the local hygiene and modernize municipal solid waste management of Lucknow, has been applauded by all.

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E.3. Report on consideration of comments received >> The project has received positive & encouraging feedback from the stakeholders concerned. All the stakeholders have appreciated and encouraged the project proponent for taking up this project activity. In view of various direct and indirect benefits (social, economical, and environmental), all the stakeholders have supported the project activity. The documents supporting the stakeholder consultation will be submitted to the DOE. Examples of few questions as raised by the stakeholders and their respective clarifications as provided by the project proponent, have been detailed below: 1.What is CER? CER's or Certified Emission Reductions are a “certificate” just like a stock. A CER is given by the CDM Executive Board to projects in developing countries to certify they have reduced greeen house gas emissions by one tonne of carbon dioxide per year. 2-What is Global Warming Potential? Ans: Green house gases affect global warming with varying intensities. This intensity is measured by the “global warming potential” of the gas. 3- Is there any negative impact on surrounding area? Ans: There is no negative impact on surrounding area. 4-What are carbon credits? How these will obtained ? Who will by them? Ans: Carbon credits are generated in the developing countries by reducing the greenhouse gases emission in the atmosphere. One tonne of carbon dioxide saved is equal to one carbon credit. All steps of CDM cycle was explained and the process of Credits monetization. 5-How does CDM benefit society? Ans: CDM is clean development mechanism, a tool to provide incentives to mitigate the emission of greenhouse gases, which are enhancing the climate change. The purpose of this programme is to reduce emission of GHGs as well as promote sustainable development in host country. Therefore developing country like India will gain financial and environmental benefits by reducing the emission of ever increasing GHGs to save the earth. 6.Would the project provide employment opportunities and or improve economic development of area? There would be generation of employment through this project activity. At the same point of time, there would be regular trainings that would be imparted to the local population. 7. How this project will help to address the issues raised by the local villagers The project will help the stake holders in the following ways: A. Create jobs for the local masses B. Create business opportunities for the contractors C. Increase awareness of the people regarding the local and global environment D. Help to conserve depleting resources of fossil fuel such as coal It was also mentioned in the meeting that 2% of the CER revenue earned from the project would be utilized in developmental works of the local community. There would be a robust monitoring plan for the same and the plant manager Mr. Sachin Mehta was appointed as the local contact person for the same.

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The project received unanimous appreciation from the stakeholders present. The efforts of Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd. towards mitigation of global warming was applauded by all. SECTION F. Approval and authorization >> The project has received the following approvals/clearances: 1) No objection certificate from Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board Lucknow 2) Environmental clearance certificate from the State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority, Uttar Pradesh 3) No objection certificate from Airports Authority of India. The project has applied for Host Country Approval and will be provided to the DOE during the course of project validation.

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Appendix A: 1.

The project proponent Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd. has committed to share 2% (mention approximate amount in INR per year) of its Certified Emission Reduction (CERs) in connection with his/her CDM project based on the issuance and transaction of the CERs.

2. The committed amount of money will be utilized for addressing the identified issues in the following villages: Identified Villages Shiveri Pankhera

Total Population 1200 approx 800 approx

Key issues for development The project is located in a rural area and the economy of the area where the project activity is located is heavily dependent on agriculture and other farm based livelihoods. The process of stakeholder engagement undertaken as a part of social impact assessment came across community needs and expectations from the project. The process of need assessment, conducted recently, and prioritization undertaken as part of an exercise to seek participation in the preparation of the community development plan and livelihood restoration plan came across the following community needs. ·

Skill training/up-gradation institute for youth and creation of employment opportunities. · Education support to children for secondary and higher secondary education · Drinking water · Strengthening health infrastructure · Developing land resources Enhancing agriculture productivity and market linkages 3.

Accordingly, the project proponent has identified the activities/ support for the following villages: S No

Village Name

1

Shiveri

Activities/Support proposed over the project life time Skill training and Capacity Building Initiative a. Objective: To build skill sets of the youth in the community in order to realize the potential employment opportunities arising due to the project and also enhance employment options elsewhere. b. Target Beneficiaries: Youth especially belonging to the families of the nearby villagers and those belonging to the economically and socially vulnerable

Approximate amount in INR It will be difficult to confirm the exact allocation of funds for individual activities and for individual villages now as the expenditure would depend upon the social needs of the identified stakeholders much nearer to the Commercial Operation Date

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communities. c. Proposed Activities: i) Self help group for the women will be formed and will be imparted skill development training for initiating some income generation activities. One group will be formed in each target village. ii) Imparting of training to youths on various skills having potential for starting self employment program or to enable them to get wage employment. 2. Health Intervention a. Objective: Improved health care access and delivery systems and reduction in incidence of diseases and improved health behavior of the community. b. c. Target Beneficiaries: General community with focus on elderly, women, children and economically weaker section. d. e. Proposed Activities: i)To organize health awareness among community members especially women on various facets of reproductive and child health, hygiene, sanitation etc.. ii) To organize general health camps in the target villages. iii) To establish network with Government health functionaries in strengthening the intervention in the target villages. To conduct the school health camps and also health education programs. 3. Agriculture, Natural Resource Management and Allied Activities a. Objective: To work toward improving the agriculture and allied activities in the target area. b. c. Target beneficiaries: Land owners, economically backward and marginal farmers. d. Description of proposed activities: i) To organize training programme for

(COD) of the Project. The Project Proponent will allocate funds for each identified activity and for each village during each crediting period accordingly.

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farmers on latest agriculture methods and technologies. ii) To organize exposure visits for the farmers to Agriculture universities, kisan melas and other modern agriculture farms. iii) To organize training programme on animal husbandry. iv) To organize cattle health camp. v)To get the existing water bodies repaired to increase the availability of water and also to increase the ground water recharge 4. Education a. Objective: To strengthen the education infrastructure at village level to improve access and quality of existing education service. b. Target Beneficiaries: Children in school going age group especially girls and children belonging to economically and socially vulnerable community. c. Proposed activities: i) Strengthening early childhood education and development by provisioning of quality pre school kits and skill development.. ii)Provisioning of scholarship for students from socially and economically weaker sections of the society especially for girls for both academic and professional courses. iii)Organizing sports and other competitions in schools and for village youth clubs

4. The implementation details along with local contact and money transfer mechanism are as follows: The plan as mentioned above was discussed in details with the stakeholders present at the local stakeholder meeting held at the project site. During the meeting, the project proponent received unanimous appreciation and encouragement from the meeting attendees. The project proponent Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd. would be implementing the plan themselves. The project manager of Jyoti Enviro Tech was nominated as the local contact for the developmental plan shared. Local contact of project proponent Mr. Sachin Mehta Manager, Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd. Adress: Plot No. - 5, Neebu Bagh, Chowk, Lucknow – 226003 Phone: 0522 –4049397

Money transfer mechanism

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Details of monitoring arrangement Monitoring Committee

Monitoring Parameters

Monitoring Frequency

The expenditure details can be verified by the Designated Operational Entity (DOE) during the verification. If required the same can also be certified by a chartered accountant. The expenditure details would be made public in the annual report of the company. Expenditure of 2% earning (net realizable value) from sale of CER available from the project activity would be monitored. The sustainability initiatives undertaken by the company would be analyzed in detail during the verification. Yearly -----

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Appendix 1: Contact information of project participants Organization name Street/P.O. Box Building City State/Region Postcode Country Telephone Fax E-mail Website Contact person Title Salutation Last name Middle name First name Department Mobile Direct fax Direct tel. Personal e-mail

Jyoti Enviro Tech Pvt. Ltd. Plot No. - 5, Neebu Bagh, Chowk Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226003 India 0522 –4049397 [email protected]

Manager Mr. Mehta Sachin Projects

0522 –4049397 [email protected] Appendix 2: Affirmation regarding public funding

There is no public funding available for the project. The same has been mentioned in section A.4. Appendix 3: Applicability of selected methodology The applicability of the project activity to the selected methodology has been demonstrated in section B.2 Appendix 4: Further background information on ex ante calculation of emission reductions All relevant information pertaining to ex ante calculation of emission reduction has been provided in section B.6. Additional information and anaylsis pertaining to value of RATECompliancey for ex ante clauclation of emission reduction has been presented in Annexure 1 below. Appendix 5: Further background information on monitoring plan

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All relevant information pertaining to ex ante calculation of emission reduction has been provided in section B.6. Additional information and anaylsis pertaining to value of RATECompliancey for ex ante clauclation of emission reduction has been presented in Annexure 1 below. Appendix 6: Summary of post registration changes -----

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Annexure 1: Analysis for value of RATECompliancey for ex ante clauclation of emission reduction. State level analysis of Municipal Solid Waste handling practice in the state of Uttar Pradesh reveals that at few locations, scientific handling practices have been adopted with simultaneous consideration of CDM benefits associated with the project. While some municipal bodies still have plans for installation of plants for scientific handling of Municipal Solid Waste and subsequent compost manufacturing with consideration of carbon credits. Sl no 1

2

3

CDM consideration

Source

Kanpur

Installation of MSW handling and compost manufacturing plant is in process

Yes

Project title as published in UNFCCC website : Integrated Municipal Solid Waste processing complex at Kanpur in Uttar Pradesh, India

Ghaziabad


Yes

Publicly available source17.

Agra


Location

Present practice

4

Varanasi

5

Meerut

6

Allahabad

7

Bareilly

8

Aligarh

Installation of MSW handling and compost manufacturing plant is in process Installation of MSW handling and compost manufacturing plant is in process Installation of MSW handling and compost manufacturing plant is in process Installation of MSW handling and compost manufacturing plant is in process Installation of MSW handling and compost manufacturing plant is in process

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Project title as published in UNFCCC website : Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) processing plant in Agra by Ultra Urban Infratech Limited Project title as published in UNFCCC website : Municipal Solid Waste Management project at Varanasi, India Project title as published in UNFCCC website : Municipal Solid Waste Management project at Meerut, India Project title as published in UNFCCC website : Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh

Yes

Publicly available source18.

Yes

Project title as published in UNFCCC website : Municipal Solid Waste management project at Aligarh, India

17

http://ncrpb.nic.in/Technical_assistance_report_comp_B/Volume%20IV%20Solid%20Waste%20Management%2 0Ghaziabad/WSA_ADB%20NCRPB_FR_Vol_IV-A_(GZB%20Main%20Report).pdf 18

http://www.urbanindia.nic.in/programme/uwss/CSP/Draft_CSP/Barielly_CSP.pdf

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9

10

11

12

13

14

15

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Installation of MSW handling and compost Moradabad manufacturing plant is in process Installation of MSW handling and compost Saharanpur manufacturing plant is in process Unscientific practice of Gorakhpur open dumping still persists. Installation of MSW handling and compost Mathura manufacturing plant is in process Installation of MSW handling and compost Jhansi manufacturing plant is in process Installation of MSW handling and compost Muzaffarnagar manufacturing plant is in process Installation of MSW handling and compost Mirzapur manufacturing plant is in process

16

Amravati


17 18 19 20 21

Sambhal Badaun Fatehpur Jaunpur Ballia


Yes

Project title as published in UNFCCC website : Municipal Solid Waste Management Project at Moradabad, India

No

Publicly available sources19

NA


Yes

Project title as published in UNFCCC website : Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Mathura, Uttar Pradesh

No


Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Project title as published in UNFCCC website : Integrated Municipal Solid Waste processing complex Project title as published in UNFCCC website : Municipal Solid Waste management project at Mirzapur, India Project title as published in UNFCCC website : Municipal Solid Waste management project at Amravati, India

Have been considered as a single bundled project.

Hence from the above list, it is evident only one (as highlighted) out of 21 locations comply to the MSW rules. Hence, for ex ante estimation , RATECompliancey is computed as presented below: RATECompliancey = (1 / 21)% = 4.7% = 0.047 -----------19

http://www.indiawaterportal.org/sites/indiawaterportal.org/files/CII_Excellence%20in%20Water%20Management _ITC%20Saharanpur_2009.pdf 20

http://www.geagindia.org/PDF/SOLID%20WASTE.pdf

21

http://www.urbanindia.nic.in/programme/uwss/CSP/Draft_CSP/Jhansi_CSP.pdf

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History of the document Version 04.1

Date 11 April 2012

04.0

EB 66 13 March 2012

EB 25, Annex 15 26 July 2006 02 EB 14, Annex 06b 14 June 2004 01 EB 05, Paragraph 12 03 August 2002 Decision Class: Regulatory Document Type: Form Business Function: Registration

Nature of revision Editorial revision to change version 02 line in history box from Annex 06 to Annex 06b. Revision required to ensure consistency with the “Guidelines for completing the project design document form for CDM project activities” (EB 66, Annex 8).

03

Initial adoption.