KEY TO GENERA OF NEARCTIC ARGIDAE

KEY TO GENERA OF NEARCTIC ARGIDAE (HYMENOPTERA) WITH REVISIONS OF THE GENERA ATOMACERA SAY AND STERICTIPHORA BILLBERG BY DAVID R. SMITH

Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Entomology Research Division Agr. Res. Serv., USD A i . . . INTRODUCTION

The Argidae are represented in America north of Mexico by eight genera and about 40 species. This is a much less diverse fauna than is found in the Neotropical region where the Argidae are one of the dominant groups of sawflies. Over 250 species of Argidae have been described from America south of the United States. In the Nearctic region, a larger number of species are found in southwestern United States, but the number sharply decreases northward. This paper is the first of a series on the Argidae of the Nearctic region and includes a key to genera and revisions of the genera Atomacera and Sterictiphora. Future papers will treat other genera. A higher classification of the Argidae was proposed by Benson (1938) who divided the family into eleven subfamilies. Benson's classification is accepted here since it cannot be evaluated by a study of the sparse Nearctic fauna. Three subfamilies are represented in the Nearctic region, the Arginae, Atomacerinae, and Sterictiphorinae. Benson (1938) also divided the Sterictiphorinae into four tribes, two of which are the Sterictiphorini and Sericocerini. All of the genera included in the Sterictiphorinae and Sericocerinae by Ross (1951) fall into Benson's Sterictiphorini and should be retained in the Sterictiphorinae. The Sericocerini are a group of argids known only from Central and South America and Puerto Rico and are separated from the Sterictiphorini by the widely separated hind coxae. address:

c/o U.S. National Museum, Washington, D. C 20560.

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1.

2.

3. 4. 5. 6.

7.

Forewing and hindwing with cell R x closed at apex; middle and hind tibiae with preapical spines; 3rd antennal segment of male simple (as in Fig. 5) (Arginae) Arge Schrank Forewing and hindwing, or only hindwing, with cell R x open at apex (Figs. 1, 2); middle and third tibiae without preapical spines; 3rd antennal segment of male simple or furcate 2 Intercostal vein present in forewing (Fig. 1); 3rd antennal segment of male simple (Fig. 4) (Atomacerinae) Atomacera Say Intercostal vein absent in forewmg (Fig. 2 ) ; 3rd antennal segment of male furcate (Fig. 6) (Sterictiphorinae) 3 Tarsal claw bifid Neoptilia Ashmead Tarsal claw simple 4 Forewing with cell Rx closed at apex Ptenus Kirby Forewmg with cell R x open at apex (Figs. 1, 2) 5 Hindwing with anal cell absent (as in Fig. 1) Schizocerella Forsius Hindwing with anal cell present (Fig. 2) ., 6 Head markedly depressed between eyes Aprosthema Konow Head convex between eyes and with a distinct ridge between antennae 7 Hindwing with anal cell shorter than its petiole Sphacophilus Provancher Hindwing with anal cell much longer than its petiole (Fig. 2) Sterictiphora Billberg

Genus ATOMACERA Say Atomacera Say, 1836, p. 212; Dalla Torre, 1894, p. 317; Konow, 1904, p. 239; Konow, 1905, p. 28 (Atomaceros); Malaise, 1937, p. 49; Ross, 1937, p. 32; Benson, 1938, p. 373; Malaise, 1942, p. 107; Malaise, 1949, p. 11; Ross, 1951, p. 15. Type-species: Atomacera debilis Say. Present designation (see discussion). Micrarge Ashmead, 1898, p. 213; Dyar, 1900, p. 26 ( = Atomacera Say). Type-species: Atomacera ruficollis Norton. Original designation.

Malaise (1937) listed Braunsiola Konow, Spegazziniella Jörgensen, Argina Forsius, and Arginella Forsius as synonyms of Atomacera Say. These genera are based on Neotropical species which I have not been able to examine and therefore are not evaluated here. Figs. 1-9. Fig. 1, Wings of Atomacera debilis Say. Fig. 2, Wings of Sterictiphora serotina n. sp. Fig. 3, female and Fig. 4, male antennae of Atomacera debilis Say. Fig. 5, female, and Fig. 6, male antennae of Sterictiphora serotina n. sp. Fig. 7, Lancet of Atomacera debilis Say. Fig. 8, Lancet of A. ebena n. sp. Fig. 9, Lancet of A. decepta Rohwer.

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«'.e

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Description. — Head with raised crest between antennae. Third antennal segment of both sexes simple, slender (Figs. 3, 4). Tarsal claw simple, bent over sharply at apex; middle and hind tibiae without preapical spines. Forewing with cell R 1 open; intercostal vein present; basal anal cell absent (Fig. 1). Hindwing with cell R x open; anal cell absent (Fig. 1). Female sheath simple, without a scopa.

This genus is recognized by the lack of preapical spines on the middle and hind tibiae, the presence of an intercostal vein in the forewing, and the absence of an anal cell in the hindwing. There are three Nearctic species, one of which is known only from southern Arizona. The other two are generally distributed throughout eastern North America. Malaise (1942, 1949) treated about 15 species from South America. One Nearctic species is associated with Hibiscus and another with Demodium. Say (1836) described two species of Atomacera, A. debilis and A. cellularis (now placed in the genus Sphacophilus). The genus is not monotypic as stated by Rohwer (1911b) and Ross (1951). I hereby designate A. debilis Say as the type-species. KEY TO SPECIES 1.

Female 2 "Male 4 2. Thorax entirely black ebena n. sp. Prothorax .and mesonotum mostly rufous 3 3. Serrulae of lancet low and flattened (Fig. 7); supraclypeal area usually brownish; prescutum rufous debilis Say Serrulae of lancet deep, rounded at apex (Fig. 9 ) ; supraclypeal area black; prescutum sometimes black decepta Rohwer 4. Thorax black debilis Say Pronotum and mesonotum mostly rufous decepta Rohwer

Atomacera debilis (Say)

(Figs. I, 3, 4, 7, 23, 27, 28)

Atomacera debilis Say, 1836, p. 212, $ ; Leconte, 1859, p. 674; Norton, 1867, p. 57; Dalla Torre, 1894, p. 317; Konow, 1905, p. 28; MacGillivray, 1916, p. 160; Malaise, 1937, p. 49; Ross, 1951, p. 15; Lindquist and Trinnell, 1965, p. 181. Atomacera ruficollis Norton, 1864, p. 6, 2 ; Norton, 1867, p. 57; Dalla Torre, 1894, p. 317; MacGillivray, 1916, p. 160; Malaise, 1937, p. 49 ( = debilis Say). Atomacera desmodii Dyar, 1900, p. 26, #m, #w, larva; Weiss and Lott, 1923, p. 167; Taylor, 1931, p. 451; Ross, 1951, p. 15 ( = debilis Say).

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Female. — Average length, 4.0 mm. Antenna and head black with clypeus, labrum, and supraclypeal area brownish. Thorax black with pronotum, tegula, and mesoaotum rufous; scutellum sometimes black. Legs black with front tibia whitish. Abdomen black. Wings darkly infuscate. Antenna subequal in length to that of thorax. Sheath rounded at apex (Fig. 23), broader than that of decepta. Serrulae of lancet low, wide, and flattened, each rounded anteriorly and with no anterior and about 10 small posterior subbasal teeth (Fig. 7). Male. — Average length, 3.8 mm. Entirely black. Structure similar to that of female. Antenna with numerous erect hairs. Genitalia as in Figs. 27, 28.

Holotype. —Say's type apparently is lost. A. ruficollis Norton (#w) is type no. 317 at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia with the data "Penn." A. desmodii Dyar (#w) is U.S.N.M. type no. 13239 with the data "on Desmodium, Chain Bridge, Virginia, iss. June 26, '98." Distribution. — Eastern North America. ARKANSAS: Washington Co. CONNECTICUT: East River, reared, July 28, 25, 30, 1917, tick trefoil, Desmodium; Lyme, VI-18-18. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: reared, March 26, 1921, Oct. 3, 1922, Lespedeza; bred from Meibomia, Apr. 30, 1908. FLORIDA: Jacksonville. ILLINOIS: Galena Jn.; Dubois; Eichorn; Golconda; Grand Tower; Elizabethtown; Hardin; Alton; Dongola; Dolson (Rocky Branch); Pulaski. INDIANA: Turkey Run; Henryville; Jackson Co., forest nursery, VII-5-1938. KANSAS: Baldwin. LOUISIANA: Tallulah, 8-24-10. MARYLAND: nr. Plummers Id., 10-VIH16; Plummers Id., 11-1-12, 7-27-10, VI-24-17, 3-VJJI-12, 5-VI-03, 7-6-08, 2-8-05; Glen Echo, 8-12-30; Marshall Hall, June 3, 1900; Cabin John, VII-27-1916. MASSACHUSETTS: Amherst. MINNESOTA: Olmstead Co. MISSISSIPPI: Natchez, VI-8-09. MISSOURI: Webster Groves, 624-37. NEW JERSEY: Monmouth Jc, VI-19, larva on Desmodium canadense; Riverton, Aug. 6, 1927. NEW YORK: Ithaca. NORTH CAROLINA: Greensboro, June, '01; Kill Devil Hills, VH-22, 1950. PENNSYLVANIA: Linglestown, June 26, '17; Harrisburg, 7-14-20, VI23-20, VI-7-21; Mt. Holly Springs, IX-1-1918, VII-4-1918; Lehigh Gap, VJI-25-05; Hammelstown, VI-24-17; Delaware Co., 6-6-98; N. Cumberland, V-30; Gennantown, VII-18-09. TENNESSEE: Maynardville; Knoxville, 5-10-18. VIRGINIA: Chain Bridge, iss. June 26, 1898, on Desmodium; N. Alexandria, VII-07; Great Falls, Aug. 17, 1916, Aug. 31, 19-VI-10; Berkeley Spr., July 27, 1897; Black Pond, Aug. 27, 1919; Barcroft, Aug.-Sept. 1928, reared from Desmodium sp.; Arlington, Sept. 8, 1920, Lespedeza; Falls Church, July 24, 1916, Desmodium, Aug. 5, 21, 1916, Desmodium; Nelson Co., Aug. 3, 1927; Rosslyn.

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Lindquist and Trinnell (1965) recorded this species from southern Ontario. They stated that infestations occurred in Rondeau Provincial Park, Backus Tract near St. Williams, Rodney, and Point Pelee National Park. Hosts. — Dyar (1900) reared this species from Desmodium. Weiss and Lott (1923) reared this species from "D. canadense (L.) DC," and Lindquist and Trinnell (1965) reared it from "D. canadense" and "D. glutinosum." Series of adults in the U.S. National Museum have been reared from larvae on Lespedeza and Meibomia. Meibomia is a synonym of Desmodium, and Lespedeza and Desmodium are in the same family, Leguminosae. Discussion. — This species may be recognized by genitalic characters and coloration. In debilis, the supraclypeal area is usually brownish, whereas in decepta the supraclypeal area is black. Also, the prescutum of the mesonotum is sometimes black in decepta but always red in debilis. The thorax of the male of debilis is always black, but the pronotum and most of the mesonotum of decepta are rufous. Atomacera decepta (^Rohwer$

(Figs. 9, 21, 29)

Atomacera decepta Rohwer, 1911a, p. 382, #w; Ross, 1951, p. 15; Tippins, 1965, p. 161. Atomacera ruficollis Dyar, nec Norton, 1900, p. 27. Female. — Average length, 4.2 mm. Antenna and head black. Thorax black with pronotum, tegula, and mesonotum, except for prescutum and scutellum, rufous; prescutum and scutellum may be partially rufous or either one or the other rufous. Legs and abdomen black. Wings darkly infuscate. Antenna longer than thorax. Sheath pointed at apex (Fig. 21), narrower than that of debilis. Lancet with serrulae close together, each serrula narrow, deep, and rounded at apex (Fig. 9 ) . Male. — Average length, 4.0 mm. Color and structure similar to that of female. Antenna with numerous erect hairs (Fig. 4 ) . Genitalia as in Figs. 27, 29.

Holotype. — U.S.N.M. type no. 13990, a female, with the data "New York." Distribution. — Eastern North America. ALABAMA: Auburn 6-20-67, bred, larva on Hibiscus; Decatur. ARKANSAS: Miller Co., Aug. 23, 1961. CONNECTICUT: East Haven, em. 23 July 1918, larva on marsh mallow; East Haven, July 13, 1918. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: on

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Hibiscus, May, 1884. FLORIDA: Gainesville, em. 10-VIL59, on Hibiscus; Tampa. GEORGIA: Spalding Co., Oct. 15, 1959, on mallow. ILLINOIS: Snicarte, on Hibiscus; Ottawa, on Hibiscus militaris; Havanna; Pike; Ziegler. KENTUCKY: Lexington. MARYLAND: Plummers Id., VI-14, Hibiscus militaris; Plummers Id., 18-6-14, 29-8-05; Chesapeake Beach, June 8, 1920, 27-7-13; College Park, em. July 2-5, 1968, em. July 25-31, 1968, Hibiscus, T. Herring. MISSOURI: Columbia, July, 1951, hollyhock. NORTH CAROLINA: Murphy, July 4, 1964. OHIO: Buckeye Lk., 7-19-24; Putin-Bay. TEXAS: Lake Charlotte, Oct. 19, 1923, leaves of Hibiscus militaris; Liberty, Oct. 10, 1923, leaves of Hibiscus lasiocarpus (?); Columbus. VIRGINIA: Dawson Bch., 4-mi. S. Occoquan, July 6, 1931; Great Falls, July 1, 1950; Emory, June 8, 1957, Hibiscus; Dyke, 18-5-11.

Host. — Series of adults in the U.S. National Museum have been bred from larvae on Hibiscus militaris. Tippins (1965) reported this species as a pest of "Hibiscus moscheutos hybrid (Henderson's strain)," and two generations of adults were reared from this same hybrid in Maryland by T. Herring. Discussion. — The deep, round serrulae of the lancet and more pointed sheath will separate the females of decepta from those of other Atomacera species. The red pronotum and mesonotum will separate the males from those of debilis. The color of the prescutum and scutellum of the mesonotum varies from red to black. If the prescutum and scutellum are black, then this may be used to separate decepta from debilis. Also, the supraclypeal area is always black in decepta whereas it is usually brownish in females of debilis. Atomacera ebena new species

(Figs. 8, 22)

Female. — Length, 4.0 mm. Entirely black with each tibia whitish. Wings moderately infuscate. Antenna subequal in length to length of thorax. Sheath, narrow, dorsal and ventral margins subparallel, rounded at apex (Fig. 22). Lancet with each serrula low, wide, and flattened, with very fine anterior and posterior subbasal teeth (Fig. 8). Male. •— Unknown.

Holotype. — Female, Ramsey Canyon, Huachuca Mts., Arizona, VII-28-1959, F. G. Werner. U.S.N.M. type no. 70063. Deposited in the U.S. National Museum by permission of F. G. Werner, University of Arizona, Tucson. Paratype. — ARIZONA: Canelo, Aug. 3, 1956, G. D.. Butler TRANS. AMER. ENT. SOC, VOL. 9 5

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(1 #w). Deposited at the University of Arizona, Tucson. Host. — Unknown. Discussion. — This species is recognized by the black coloration and white tibiae. The lancet will also separate it from the other two Nearctic species. The characters of this species do not fit those of the South American Atomacera species treated by Malaise (1942, 1949); therefore, I am considering it new. Genus STERICTIPHORA Billberg Sterictiphora Billberg, 1820, p. 99; Benson, 1938, p. 376; Takeuchi, 1939, p. 411; Benson, 1940, p. 194; Ross, 1951, p. 15; Benson, 1951, p. 31; Pasteels, 1963, p. 540. Sterictiphora subg. Sterictiphora, Ross, 1937, p. 54. Type-species: Hylotoma furcata Fabricius. Monotypic. Schizocerus Berthold, 1827, p. 441; Dalla Torre, 1894, p. 311; Konow, 1905, p. 28; Enslin, 1917, p. 591; Ross, 1937, p. 52 ( = Sterictiphora Billberg); Berland, 1947, p. 403. Type-species: Hylotoma furcata Villers. Designated by Westwood, 1840. Cyphona Dahlbom, 1835, p. 8; Dalla Torre, 1894, p. 314; Ross, 1937, p. 54 ( = Sterictiphora Billberg). Type-species: Hylotoma furcata Villers. Designated by Rohwer, 1911b. Description. — Head with raised crest between antennae. Third antennal segment of female simple, stout (Fig. 5); third antennal segment of male furcate (Fig. 6). Tarsal claw simple. Scutellum large, slightly overhanging metanotum. Forewing with cell Rx open at apex; basal anal cell present or absent. Hindwing with cell R x open at apex; anal cell present, much longer than its petiole (Fig. 2). Sheath of female with a distinct scopa.

The wing venation and raised crest between the antennae will separate this genus from other Nearctic genera. Six species are in North America, three of them here described as new. The genus apparently is confined to the northern temperate regions of the world, except for one species described by Pasteels (1963) from Cameroons. There are about eight Palaearctic species; Takeuchi (1939) treated two species for the Japanese Empire. Three of the Nearctic species are known to be associated with Prunus.

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Female '.. 2 Male 7 Thorax smooth and shining, without punctures; forewing without basal anal cell 3 Thorax, especially scutellum and mesopleuron, densely punctate and usually opaque; forewing with a small basal anal cell (Fig. 2) 4 Pronotum and mesonotum, except scutellum, rufous; lancet with 20 to 22 serrulae (Fig. 15) cruenta n. sp. Thorax entirely black; lancet with about 15 serrulae (Fig. 14) prunivora (Dyar) Sheath wide and broadly rounded, nearly truncate at apex (Fig. 20); lancet with 12 to 13 serrulae (Fig. 10) transversa n. sp. Sheath narrowing toward apex (Figs. 16, 17, 18); lancet with 15 or more serrulae (Figs. 11, 12, 13) 5 Sheath straight to gently rounded below (Fig. 18); lancet with 15 serrulae, each broad and rounded (Fig. 11) serotina n. sp. Sheath concave below, ventral margin more abruptly curving toward apex (Figs. 16, 17); lancet with 17 or 18 serrulae, each narrow and pointed at apex (Figs. 12, 13) 6 Serrulae of lancet without posterior subbasal teeth (Fig. 13); ventroapical margin of sheath slightly concave (Fig. 16); eastern North America sericea (Norton) Serrulae of lancet each with several fine, posterior, subbasal teeth (Fig. 12); ventro-apical margin of sheath straight (Fig. 17); west of Rocky Mountains maura (Cresson) Thorax smooth and shining, without punctures; forewing without basal anal cell prunivora (Dyar) or cruenta n. sp. Thorax, especially scutellum and mesopleuron, densely punctate; forewing with basal anal cell (Fig. 2) 8 Antenna subequal to or shorter than length of thorax; eastern North America serotina n. sp. Antenna longer than length of thorax; west of Rocky Mountains maura (Cresson)

Sterictiphora maura (Cresson)

(Figs. 12, 17)

Schizocera maura Cresson, 1880, p. 3, #m; Dalla Torre, 1894 p. 313; Konow, 1905, p. 29; Cresson, 1916, p. 6; Ross, 1951, p. 15 ( = sericea Norton). Female. — Average length, 6.5 mm. Black with tegula, each tibia and tarsus, narrow line on posterior margin of pronotum, and posterior margin of each abdominal segment brownish. Wings lightly infuscate. TRANS. AMER. ENT. SOC, VOL. 9 5

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Scutellum and mesopleuron usually slightly shining but with distinct punctures. Forewing with basal anal cell present (Fig. 2 ) . Ventral margin of sheath slightly convex, ventral margin abruptly curving toward apex; ventro-apical margin straight (Fig. 17). Lancet with 17 or 18 .serrulae, each serrula narrow, pointed at apex, and with one large anterior and several fine posterior subbasal teeth (Fig. 12). Male. — Length, 6,0 mm. Entirely black, without brownish coloration as in female. Antenna slightly longer than length of thorax; third antennal segment furcate, with numerous erect hairs (Fig. 6). Known only from type specimen, genitalia not examined.

Holotype. — Cressoni type (#m) is type no. 345 at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia with the data "Nev." Distribution.—Western United States. CALIFORNIA: Pilgrim Cr., Shasta N. F., 5-10-34, Prunus sp. OREGON: Benton Co., Rock Cr., 4 mi. S. Philomath, April 28, 1963; Ashland, June 6, 1916. NEVADA: "Nev." UTAH: Logan Canyon, 5-16-34.

Host. — One adult was collected on "Prunus sp." Discussion.—Ross (1951) synonymized maura with sericea Norton; however, maura represents a good species. The scutellum and mesopleuron of maura are shinier than those of sericea, the serrulae of maura are slightly shorter and have fine posterior subbasal teeth, and the ventro-apical margin of the sheath of maura is straight. The male is known only by the type specimen and the coloration is darker and the antennae are longer in relation to the thorax than in the male specimens studied from the eastern United States. Since this is the only known Sterictiphora species from the Pacific coast states, I have used distribution to associate and describe the female. Sterictiphora prunivora (Dyar)

(Figs. 14, 19, 26)

Schizocerus prunivorus Dyar, 1897, p. 23, larva; Taylor, 1931, p. 451. Sterictiphora prunivora, Ross, 1937, p. 54; Ross, 1951, p. 15. Female. — Average length, 6.5 mm. Entirely black with front tibia and tarsus whitish; pronotum, spots on lateral lobes of mesonotum, and middle and hind tibiae and tarsi sometimes brownish. Wings darkly infuscate. Figs. 10-15. Fig. 10, Lancet of Sterictiphora transversa n. sp. Fig. 11, Lancet of S. serotina n. sp. Fig. 12, Lancet of S. maura (Cresson). Fig. 13, Lancet of S. sericea (Norton). Fig. 14, Lancet of S. prunivora (Dyar). Fig. 15, Lancet of S. cruenta n. sp.

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Thorax entirely smooth and shining. Forewing without basal anal cell. Sheath short, rounded (Fig. 19). Lancet with 15 or 16 serrulae, serrulae far apart, each serrula short, truncate at apex, and with about 3 anterior and 3 posterior subbasal teeth (Fig. 14). Male. — There are no associated males. One black specimen was examined which may be either this species or cruenta; the thorax is smooth and shining and the genitalia are as in Figs. 24, 26.

Type. — Dyar described only the larva and this could not be located. There is an adult female, U.S.N.M. type no. 3491 with the data "5K" and "Collection H. G. Dyar," which is the specimen on which the concept of this species is based, since Dyar presumably reared the adult from the larva that he described. However, the adult cannot be the type. When larvae are definitely associated with adults, a type will have to be selected from them. Distribution. — Eastern North America. CONNECTICUT: Lyme, VI16-18. MAINE: Bar Harbor, VII-22-19. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Carroll Co., Notchland, June 12, 1967. NEW YORK: Poestenkill, 19-VI, 1926; Mt. Marcy, July 31, 1913. PENNSYLVANIA: Harrisburg, VIM6. VERMONT: Rutland, Aug. 1-10, 1916.

Dyar (1897) found this species, presumably the larvae, at Jefferson Highlands, N.H. and at Bellport, Long Island, N.Y. Host. — Dyar (1897) reared this species on "Prunus pennsylvanica," "Prunus serotina," and "Amelanchier canadensis." Discussion. — The black thorax and fewer serrulae of the lancet will separate prunivora from cruenta. The smooth and shining thorax and absence of a basal anal cell in the forewing will separate it from other Sterictiphora species. Preceding Dyar's (1897) description of the larva, he stated "The following species have been named by Mr. C. L. Marlatt:", and Dyar attributes this species to Marlatt. However, Marlatt evidently did not publish on it; therefore, Dyar receives the credit. Sterictiphora cruenta new species.

(Fig. 15)

Female. — Length, 6.5 mm. Black with cervical sclerites, pronotum, and mesonotum, except scutellum, rufous. Wings darkly infuscate. Thorax smooth and shining, without punctures. Forewing without basal anal cell. Sheath short and rounded (Fig. 19). Lancet with 20 to 22 serrulae, serrulae close together, each serrula short, truncate at apex, and with 2 or 3 anterior and 2 posterior subbasal teeth (Fig. 15).

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Male. — There are no associated males. One black specimen was examined which may be either this species or prunivora; the thorax is smooth and shining and the genitalia are as in Figs. 24, 26.

Holotype. — Female, Maine, Kennebec Co., Litchfield, May 23, 1967, ovipositing on Prunus pennsylvanica, D. R. Smith. U.S. N.M. type no. 70064. Paratypes. — MAINE: same data as for holotype (2 #w #w); Kennebec Co., 2-5 mi. N. Litchfield, May 24, 1966, D. R. Smith (1 #w). MICHIGAN: Bay City, May 20, 1936, Frison and Ross (1 #w); Saginaw Co., June 1, 1940, C W. Sabrosky (1 #w); Cheboygan Co., Douglas Lk., VI192-, C. H. Kennedy (1 #w); Douglas Lk., July, C. H. Kennedy (1 #w). NEW YORK: Cranberry Lake,.. 6-30-24, E. A. Hartley (1 #w). NORTH CAROLINA: Mt. Mitchell, 18 July 1919, 6700', R. W. Leiby (I #w). ONTARIO: Biscotasing, ll-VT-1931, Karl Schedl (l#w). PENNSYLVANIA: Tussey Mt., 7-20-47, S. W. Frost (1 #w ). Deposited in the collections of the U. S. National Museum and Illinois Natural History Survey.

Host. — I collected several females of this species in Maine ovipositing in the leaf margins of Prunus pennsylvanica. Discussion. — The red pronotum and mesonotum and lancet with 20 to 22 serrulae will separate this species from prunivora. The smooth and shining thorax and absence of a basal anal cell in the forewing will separate this species from other Sterictiphora species. S. prunivora (Dyar) was believed to include two color forms, those with the black and those with the red on the thorax. However, I have recognized two species, prunivora and cruenta, separated by color and lancet characters, both of which are constant in all the specimens studied. Sterictiphora sericea (Norton)

(Figs. 13, 16)

Schizocerus sericeus Norton, 1867, p. 55, #w, Provancher, 1878 p. 18; Provancher, 1883, p. 178; Dalla Torre, 1894, p. 314; Konow, 1905, p. 29; MacGillivray, 1916, p. 164; Cresson, 1928, p. 9. Sterictiphora sericea, Ross, 1937, p. 54; Ross, 1951, p. 15. Female. — Average length, 6.5 mm. Black with tegula, each tibia and tarsus, narrow line on posterior margin of pronotum, and posterior margin of each abdominal segment brownish. Pronotum and central abdominal terga sometimes nearly entirely brownish. Wings lightly infuscate. Scutellum and mesopleuron usually dull, roughened, with distinct closely set punctures. Forewing with basal anal cell present (Fig. 2). Sheath TRANS. AMER. ENT. SOC, VOL. 9 5

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slightly convave on ventro-apical margin; ventral margin rather abruptly curved up toward apex (Fig. 16). Lancet with 17 or 18 serrulae, each serrula narrow, long, pointed at apex, and with 1 or 2 anterior and no posterior subbasal teeth (Fig. 13). Male. — There are no associated males.

Holotype. — Norton's type (#w) is type no. 347 at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia with the date "Me." Distribution. — Eastern North America. ILLINOIS: Monticello, May 14, 1947. MAINE: "Me." NEW JERSEY: Clementon, 5-2. NEW YORK: Ithaca. PENNSYLVANIA: Enterline, IV-28-08.

Host. — Unknown. Discussion. — The sheath and lancet place this species close to maura of the western United States, but sericea is separated by the lack of posterior subbasal teeth on the serrulae of the lancet, the duller and more densely punctate scutellum and mesopleuron, and the more emarginate sheath. The sheath and lancet will separate sericea from other Sterictiphora species. Sterictiphora serotina new species

(Figs. 2, 5, 6, 11, 18, 24, 25)

Female. — Length, 6.5 mm. Black with tegula, each tibia and tarsus, line on posterior margin of pronotum, and narrow line on posterior margin of each abdominal segment brownish to whitish. Wings very lightly infuscate. Scutellum and mesopleuron dull, densely and roughly punctate. Forewing with basal anal cell present (Fig. 2). Sheath narrow, ventral margin straight or gently curved (Fig. 18). Lancet with 15 serrulae, basal serrulae narrow, becoming wider toward apex of lancet; serrulae close together; each serrula rounded, lobelike, with 1 anterior and no posterior subbasal teeth (Fig. 11). Male. — Length, 6.0 mm. Coloration and characters similar to those of female. Length of antenna slightly shorter than length of thorax; third antennal segment furcate, with numerous erect hairs. Genitalia as in Figs. 24, 25.

Holotype.—Female, Falls Church, Virginia, reared April 15, 1922, Hopk. U.S. 10783w, Prunus serotina. U.S.N.M. type no. 70065. Allotype. — Male, same data as for holotype. Deposited with holotype.

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R. SMITH

453

29 Figs. 16-29: Fig. 16, Sheath of Sterictiphora sericea (Norton). Fig. 17, Sheath of S. maura (Cresson). Fig. 18, Sheath of S. serotina n. sp. Fig. 19, Sheath of S. prunivora (Dyar). Fig. 20, Sheath of 5. transversa n. sp. Fig. 21, Sheath of Atomacera decepta Rohwer. Fig. 22, Sheath of A. ebena n. sp. Fig. 23, Sheath of A. debilis Say. Fig. 24, Harpe and parapenis of Sterictiphora serotina n. sp. Fig. 25, Penis valve of S. serotina n. sp. Fig. 26, Penis valve of S. prunivora (Dyar) (?). Fig. 27, Harpe and parapenis of Atomacera debilis Say. Fig. 28, Penis valve of A. debilis Say. Fig. 29, Penis valve of A. decepta Rohwer. TRANS. AMER. ENT. SOC., VOL. 9 5

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Paratypes. — CONNECTICUT: Branford, 17-VI-1951 (1 #w); Branford, 18-V-1951, James B. Kring, (1 #w); Cheshire, 3-V-1951, James B. Kring (1 #w). MAINE: Kennebec Co., 2-5 mi. N. Litchfield, May 24, 1966, David R. Smith (1 #w). MARYLAND: Glen Echo, IV-18-1918, R. M. Fouts (1 #w). NEW JERSEY: Matawan, Monmouth Co., June 24, 1966, L. D. DeBlais (1 #w). NEW YORK: Ardsley, Westchester Co., May 17, 1958, G. R. Ferguson (1 #w); same data, May 25, 1957 (1 #w); Albany, May 21, 1912 (1 #w); East Hampton, L. I., VI-14-1949, Roy Latham (1 #w). PENNSYLVANIA: Stoverdale, VI-6-16, W. S. Fisher (1 #w). VIRGINIA: same data as for holotype (10 9 #w,7 #m $). Deposited in the collections of the U.S. National Museum and Illinois Natural History Survey.

Host. — The series of adults from which the holotype was selected was reared from larvae on "Prunus serotina." Discussion. — This species may be separated by the narrow sheath which is straight on the ventral margin and by the lancet which has 15 lobelike serrulae, each with one anterior subbasal tooth. The small teeth on the ventral margin of the lancet posterior to each serrula in transversa are absent in serotina. Larvae of the type series were collected May 9, 1921 and pupation took place during June of 1921. The adults emerged during April 1922. Several adults from this emergence were mated and the females oviposited on the edge of the leaf. This information was taken from the USDA Hopkins cards on file in the U.S. National Museum and the entries were initialed by S. A. Rohwer. Sterictiphora transversa new species

(Figs. 10, 20)

Female. — Length, 6.5 mm. Black with tegula, line on posterior margin of pronotum, and posterior edge of each abdominal segment whitish; pronotum and basal and central abdominal terga may be entirely whitish. Legs with each tibia and tarsus dark brown. Wings lightly infuscate. Scutellum and mesopleuron moderately shining, punctures distinct but small, surface not as roughened as in other species. Forewing with basal anal cell present (Fig. 2). Sheath short, broad, nearly truncate at apex (Fig. 20). Lancet with 12 serrulae, serrulae far apart, each serrula lobelike with 1 anterior subbasal tooth and a row of small teeth on ventral margin of lancet posterior to each serrula (Fig. 10). Male. — Unknown.

Holotype. — Female, Patuxent Wildlife Refuge, Maryland, Malaise trap, April 17, 1967, D. R. Smith and P. Marsh. U.S. N.M. type no. 70066.

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Paratypes. — ALASKA: Anchorage, May 28, 1948, N. Hoffman, Alaska Ins. Project (1 #w). ALBERTA: Wabamun, May 9, 1926, E. H. Strickland (1 #w). Deposited in the collections of the U.S. National Museum and Illinois Natural History Survey.

Host. — Unknown. Discussion. — This species is quite distinct and is separated from other Sterictiphora species by the lancet, which has only 12 serrulae and a row of small teeth on the ventral margin posterior to each serrula, and by the broad sheath. This is apparently a widespread species with single specimens having been taken in Alaska, Alberta, and Maryland. They are all similar except for coloration, the Maryland specimen having more white on the pronotum and abdominal terga. ACKNOWLEDGMI NTS

I wish to thank Michael C. Emsley of the Academy ui Natural Sciences of Philadelphia for allowing examination of type specimens. Other material used in this revision was kindly loaned to me by H. H. Ross, Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana; John D. Lattin, Oregon State University, Corvallis; Floyd G. Werner, University of Arizona, Tucson; and R. L. Fischer, Michigan State University, East Lansing. The remaining specimens used are in the U.S. National Museum. REFERENCES CITED ASHMEAD, W. H. 1898. Classification of the horntails and sawflies, or the sub-order Phytophaga. Can. Ent. 30: 205-213. BENSON, R. B. 1938. On the classification of sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Trans. Roy. Ent. Soc. London 87: 353-384. . 1940. Sawflies of the Berkhamsted District (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Hertfordshire Nat. Hist. Soc. Trans. 21: 177-231. 1951. Symphyta. In Handbooks for the identification of British insects. Vol. VI, Part 2 (a), 49 pp. Royal Entomological Society of London. BERLAND, L. 1947. Faune de France. 47. Hyménoptéres, Tenthredoides 496 pp. Paris. BERTHOLD, A. A. 1827. Latreillei natürliche Familien des Thierreichs. 602 pp. Weimar. TRANS. AMER. ENT. SOC, VOL. 9 5

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BILLBERG, G. J. 1820. Enumeratio insectorum in Museo Billberg. 138 pp. Stockholm. CRESSON, E. T. 1880. Descriptions of new North American Hymenoptera in the collection of the American Entomological Society. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 8: 1-52. . 1916. The Cresson types of Hymenoptera. Mem. Amer. Ent. Soc. 1, 141 pp. 1928. The types of Hymenoptera in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia other than those of Ezra T. Cresson. Mem. Amer. Ent. Soc. 5, 90 pp. DAHLBOM, A. 1835. Conspectus Tenthredinidum, Siricidum, Oryssinorum, Scandinaviae, Hymenopterorum Familiae. 16 pp. Hafniae. DALLA TORRE, C. G., de.

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Tenthredinidae incl. Uroceridae (Phyllophaga and Xylophaga). 459 pp. Lipsiae. DYAR, H. G. 1897. On the larvae of certain sawflies (Tenthredinidae). Jour. New York Ent. Soc. 5: 18-30. . 1900. On the larvae of Atomacera and some other sawflies. Jour. New York Ent. Soc. 8: 26-31. ENSLIN, E. 1917. Die Tenthredinoidea Mitteleuropas. Beiheft Deut Ent. Zeit. 790 pp. Berlin. KONOW, P. 1904. Ueber einige exotische Tenthrediniden (Hym.). Zeit Hym. Dipt. 4: 231-256. . 1905. Genera Insectorum, Hymenoptera, Fam. Tenthredinidae. 29me Fasc. 176 pp. Bruxelles. LECONTE, J. L., Editor, 1859. The complete writings of Thomas Say on the entomology of North America, Vol. II. 814 pp. New York. LINDQUIST, O. H. AND J. R. TRINNELL. 1965. The trefoil sawfly, Atomacera debilis Say (Hymenoptera: Argidae) in Ontario. Can. Ent. 97: 181-184. MACGIIXIVRAY, A. D. 1916. Tenthredinoidea. In Hymenoptera of Connecticut. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv., Bull. 22, pp. 25-175. MALAISE, R. 1937. Old and new genera of Arginae (Hym. Tenthred.). Ent. Tidskr. 58: 47-59. . 1942. New South American sawflies (Hym. Tenthr.). Ent. Tidskr. 63: 89-119. 1949. The genera Waldheimia, Probleta, and other Neotropical Tenthredinoidea (Hym.). Arkiv. for Zool. 42: 1-61. NORTON, E. 1864. Notes on Tenthredinidae, with descriptions of new species. Proc. Ent Soc. Phila. 3: 5-16. • . 1867. Catalogue of the described Tenthredinidae and Uroceridae of North America. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 1: 31-84. PASTEELS, J. 1963. Prodrome d'une faune des Tenthredinoidea de l'Afrique noire. IV. — 2e supplement aux Argidae. Soc. Roy. Ent. de Beige., Bui. et Ann. 99: 540-560.

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PROVANCHER, A. 1878. Faune Canadienne. Les Insectes — Hyménoptéres. Nat. Can. 10: 11-18. . 1883. Petite faune entomologique du Canada, Vol. II. Hyménoptéres. pp. 153-813. Quebec. ROHWER, S. A. 1911a. New sawflies in the collections of the United States National Museum, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 41, pp. 377-411. . 1911b. Technical papers on miscellaneous forest insects. II. The genotypes of the sawflies and woodwasps, or the superfamily Tenthredinoidea. U.S. Dept. Agr., Tech. Ser. No. 20, pt. II, pp. 69-109. Ross, H. H. 1937. A generic classification of the Nearctic sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). 111. Biol. Monog. 34, 173 pp. . 1951. Symphyta. In Muesebeck et al., Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico, Synoptic Catalog. U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Monog. 2, pp. 4-89. SAY, T. 1836. Descriptions of new North American Hymenoptera, and observations on some already described. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. 1: 210-305. TAKEUCHI, T. 1939. A systematic study on the suborder Symphyta (Hymenoptera) of the Japanese Empire (II). Tenthredo 2: 393-439. TAYLOR, R. L. 1931. On "Dyar's Rule" and its application to sawfly larvae. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 24: 451-466. TlPPiNS, H. H. 1965. The sawfly Atomacera decepta, a pest of hibiscus. Jour. Econ. Ent. 58: 161. WEISS, H. B. AND R. B. LOTT. 1923. Notes on the Desmodium sawfly, Atomacera desmodii Dyar (Hymen.: Tenthredinidae). Ent. News 34: 167. WESTWOOD, J. O. 1840. Synopsis of the genera of British Insects, Introduction to the modern classification of insects, Vol. II, 587 pp. London.

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