having small holdings or less number of patron, a simple machine or PC can work .... This will fasten the data entry work by choosing the appropriate worksheet.
Koha Implementation A Case Study of Rabindra Granthagar: Assam University Library, Silchar 1
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AK Sharma , Vinod K Misra and DP Tripathi
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This article is a case study of Rabindra Library- Central Library of Assam University, Silchar. This article described step by step installation of Koha- an open source software for library management. The Open source software moment by librarians had been a big war against the monopoly of Commercial Software Developers. It is the effort took by the librarians worldwide giving biggest support to the librarian through open forum within no time. The articles also described the customization of WebOPAC, and other added features of the software. This article can serve as a guide to the working librarians to start automation of their library at zero investment on the Library Management Software. Introduction Fourth Law of Dr RS Ranganathan “Save the Time of Reader” is of most concern to the today’s librarian and had been main reason for the library automation. With the advent of the computer and database management softwares, librarians very proactively started developing the bibliographic database of library holdings in a way convenient to them. Subsequently, development of the CDS/ISIS by Unesco, made the librarian job easy as the software was having excellent facility of search and report generation from the bibliographic database. Advent of Window as an operating system for the computers, made Unesco to develop Window version of the CDS/ISIS but the biggest feature lacking in the software was- that it needed lot of knowledge of formatting language for desired display format and mathematical operations were lacking in the software. Also, it was based on a flat file system which was not able to relate the databases (bibliographic database, vendors’ database and Patron database). Later the Commercial Vendors came into picture who gave tailor made solutions to the libraries as per their requirement. The cost of installation of the commercial software was so high that most of the small libraries were not able to afford them. Being a profitable venture, the software providers also charged Annual Maintenance Cost, which was around 10-15% of the total price of the software. Some of the commercial software also started playing dirty tricks with the librarian as they did not provide the key to the database when the libraries tried to switch over to some other software because of high AMC cost and low after sale support. The solution came in the form of Open Source Software. Some group started developing the open source software for libraries and with the time these became so popular that most of the Commercial vendors started customization of these Open Source Software. Open Source Software Usually it is understood that any software which is free is open software. But it is not true as the phrase open source, source refers to source code, the human-readable computer code which is the origin, or source, of the computer application. Open refers to the terms of access to that computer source code. So open source software is software for which the source code is freely available. But this is a very general and incomplete definition. A detailed definition of open source software is maintained by the Open Source Initiative.
According to Open Source Initiative1“Open source software is software that can be freely used, changed, and shared (in modified or unmodified form) by anyone. Open source software is made by many people, and distributed under licenses that comply with the Open Source Definition. Free software movement launched in 1983 by Richard Stallman. Free software is software that can be used, studied, and modified without restriction, and which can be copied and redistributed in modified or unmodified form either without restriction, or with restrictions only to ensure that further recipients can also do these things .Free software is also known as "software libre”. Therefore, for any software to be an open source software, some of the requisites are• • • • • • • •
Source Code is open FOSS means Free and Open Source Software FOSS is created & maintained by developers crossing institutional & national boundaries Products are typically a certain kind of “free” Successful applications tend to be developed more quickly because they are free Quality more important than Profit Intellectual property rights belong to everyone Free Redistribution
Selection of an Open Source Software or FOSS (Free & Open Source Software) is another problem because it is a well said proverb that nothing is free. Muller 2 described three stages analysis for evaluation of FOSS. The process involved are• • •
Evaluating software licensing Evaluating community Evaluating functionality
As described by Open Source Initiative3, Open Source Software are having 1. Free Redistribution
2. Source Code 3. Derived Works 4. Integrity of The Author's Source Code 5. No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups 6. No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor 7. Distribution of License 8. License Must Not Be Specific to a Product 9. License Must Not Restrict Other Software 10. License Must Be Technology Neutral
Koha: an open source Library Management Software If we look from the Librarians point of view and that was also the view of Koha Developers4. We were a very ordinary public library in New Zealand, we had hardly any money and a library management system that was going to stop working on 1st January 2000 . . . . What else could we have done? And how hard could it be anyway? The librarians would tell the programmers how a library works and they would make it so. And we weren’t going to make a big deal of this, ok; 3 months is loads of time. And thus Koha was born . . . ok, not quite but it took pretty much. From time to time over the years. Koha is an open source Integrated Library System (ILS), used world-wide by public, school and special libraries. The name KOHA comes from a Māori term for a gift or donation. As the name itself indicates it is not only a gift to the librarians but it is a boon to the librarian. It covers all the activities of a library in the era of internet and smartphone. It gives all the features that can be helpful in providing the best services to users through the email or SMS. Among all the FOSS, Koha is having widest user base all over the world. In India most of the premier Institutes are either using Koha or they are switching over from other commercial/open source library management software(s) to Koha. Some of the examples are- South Asian University, Delhi; IIM Ahemedabad, IIT Mandi; IISER Bhopal; Central University, Orissa; NIT Jaipur; Bhakti Vendanta Research Institute, Kolkata, etc. The main reason of gaining popularity over years is that • • • • • • •
It has a wide user base worldwide Compared to a commercial software there are no costs to download and install There are no recurring License fee therefore sustainable Can be customized to suit the user’s requirements Can be shared with other small & medium libraries amongst other advantages Getting lot of support for its users from the community all over the world Plugin and lot of application programs are available for the users free of cost and a time tested procedure had been laid for the support and services.
Also Koha is web-based ILS, with a SQL database (MySQL preferred) backend with cataloguing data stored in MARC and accessible via Z39.50 or SRU. The user interface is very configurable and adaptable and has been translated into many languages.5 Koha has most of the features that would be expected in an ILS, including:
Various Web 2.0 facilities like tagging, comment, Social sharing and RSS feeds Union catalog facility Customizable search Circulation and borrower management Full acquisitions system including budgets and pricing information (including supplier and currency conversion) Simple acquisitions system for the smaller library Ability to cope with any number of branches, patrons, patron categories, item categories, items, currencies and other data Serials system for magazines or newspapers Reporting Reading lists for members
History of Koha According to Wikipaedia6 Koha was created in 1999 by Katipo Communications for the Horowhenua Library Trust in New Zealand, and the first installation went live in January 2000. From 2000, companies started providing commercial support for Koha, building to more than 20 today. In 2001, Paul Poulain (of Marseille, France) began adding many new features to Koha, most significantly support for multiple languages. By 2010, Koha has been translated from its original English into French, Chinese, Arabic and several other languages. Support for the cataloguing and search standards MARC and Z39.50 was added in 2002 and later sponsored by the Athens County Public Libraries. [6] In France Paul Poulain co-founded BibLibre in 2007. In 2005, an Ohio-based company, Metavore, Inc., trading as LibLime, was established to support Koha and added many new features, including support for Zebra sponsored by the Crawford County Federated Library System. Zebra support increased the speed of searches as well as improving scalability to support tens of millions of bibliographic records. In 2007 a group of libraries in Vermont began testing the use of Koha for Vermont libraries. At first a separate implementation was created for each library. Then the Vermont Organization of Koha Automated Libraries (VOKAL) was organized to create one database to be used by libraries. This database was rolled out in 2011. Thirty-seven libraries have chosen to adopt Koha and moved to the shared production environment hosted and supported by ByWater Solutions. Previously Vermont used software from Follett. In 2011 the Spanish Ministry of Culture maintains KOBLI, a tailored version of Koha based on an earlier report. Installation of Koha Koha can be installed on Windows as well as Linux operating system. If we install Koha on windows then the cost of operating system i.e. Windows is to be borne by the library. Also, later the cost of antivirus software is also involved due to various security issues. So for free and secure installation, it is always advisable that Linux as operating system should be used. Afterword, nstallation of Koha should be done. For installation of Koha, first it should be ensured whether it is being installed on a high configuration machine which can act as Server (for big libraries) or the libraries which are having small holdings or less number of patron, a simple machine or PC can work as Server and Koha can be installed on it. For installation of Koha, the hardware should have a configuration of high speed machine i.e. Pentium 4 or higher with 2.6 GHz or higher speed, 2 GB RAM, and one Hard Disk Drive of 80 GB or more. Capacity of the HDD depends upon the data size. For a bigger size library like University Library it is always better to install the Server version of Linux and then Koha installation is to be done.
For installation of Koha some other software are also required to make it web enabled. These areLinux (Operating System), Apache (Web Application programme- required to serve the koha on web), MySQL (for database management) and Perl (Programming language of Koha) cumulatively called as LAMP. If the Linux OS is replaced by Window OS, then it is called as XAMP. For Linux installation some basic knowledge of commands of Linux is required which can be learnt from Google as need arises. Needless to say that a manpower with basic knowledge of computer is also mandatory. If the application is to be made network based, the internet connection with fast speed is also required. The steps involved in installation areFor dual boot system or for installation of Linux operating system on system where Windows operating system is already installed, free space has to be created so that Linux can be installed side by Windows Operating System without disturbing the Windows OS. This is done because at later stage, when user want to use Window based application programs, both the OS should work independently without disturbing each other. Also, to run the software in network environment, the IP address should also be noted. After creating, space the booing of the system is to be done using Live DVD (which is available on net and can be downloaded by just typing Koha live dvd in the browser) of Koha. It should be noted that basic knowledge of Linux is required to change password and some other customizations of Koha. The screens appearing during the process of installation needs to be watched carefully and setting of time, etc. is done same as in windows. The live DVD is having an added advantage that you need not to configure your LAMP components otherwise it is also a tricky job to configure the individual components of LAMP/XAMP and then install Koha.
Customization of Koha Koha is a web browser based application that implies that you need not to install separate client version or application(s) on your client machines. After installation, read the instruction manual carefully as the user ID and passwords are required for first time log in. Each Live DVD/CD provider has set different password for their installation, therefore it is advisable to note down the User ID and Password for different components. Password of the administrator can be changed using Linux command or knowing the source file. After logging into the system, the first menu that is displayed is as given below-
Fig. 1: Screenshot of Assam University Koha-staff client page
After getting this menu, immediately system parameters, library basic parameters, categories of publications, departmental libraries (if any), etc. need to be defined. Different basic system parameters can be decided after getting into the respective menus through the buttons displayed on the screen and this can be learnt easily by doing and learning. WebOPAC of Koha The biggest feature of Koha is that if you have little knowledge of html language or having a tendency to learn, then you can make your WebOPAC as attractive that it can serve as library portal. An example of this is given below in the Fig . 2.
Fig. 2: Screenshot of Assam University WebOPAC The patron created can access by using their user ID and password through this window. First of all, if we talk about the customization, the basic structure of Koha is given as in Fig. 3 and after making necessary changes in the files mentioned, the customization can be done. Opacheader Search Log in window Opacnav
OpacMainuserBlock
OpacNavBottom OpacCredits Fig. 3: Basic structure of WebOPAC
After modification in these files, the WebOPAC can be customised. Name of the Institute/library can be inserted after making necessary changes in the file opacheader. The customization is totally need based and requirement of every library is different and every librarian has a different mindset. But it is true, by just applying commonsense; a good webOPAC can be designed after seeing the html language of different libraries or going to the tutorials available on internet. Also, if a Librarian is not willing to customize his WebOPAC, then it can be left as default and slowly when the librarian get customized to the Koha, he can customize his WebOPAC. Library Management through Koha 1. Acquisition- The basic activity of any library is acquisition of documents and for that Acquistion module is well developed in the software. In acquisition the basic job is to create the list of Vendors approved or empanelled by the library. Once the Vendors are listed, it will be part of database and the library need not to enter it again and again for placing order, sending reminders and other operations related to the acquisition. Here, the library can invite the online recommendations from the users through e-mail and it can be prepared in the form of list and processed for acquisition. At this stage the bibliographic information of books to be procured can be added in standardised format as described in the cataloguing module through Z39.50 protocol.
Fig. 4. Screenshot of Acquisition Module Here, the librarian can define budget of his library dividing it into clearly Heads like- Books, Periodicals, Contingencies, etc. The options available in the acquisition module are - Late order, Suggestions, Invoices, Budgets, Funds and Currencies. Through these options the activities related to acquisition can be managed in an automated library environment. Staff can trek the late orders (if any) and send reminder to the vendors through email or in a scripted letter in the form of hard copy. The Suggestion option gives freedom to the patrons of library to submit their suggestions/recommendations for the book, etc. s online to the
librarian. In this module, there are two options – accept or reject. If the librarian rejects the suggestion made by the Patron, there is option to intimate to the Patron reason for rejection. The Invoice option gives freedom to the librarian to keep a trek record of Orders to the Vendors. The Budget option is for maintaining a budget of the books. In some of the institutions if some fixed amount of budget is allocated for the library, the librarian can keep a trek of the amount spent on different heads and he can edit the amount allocated on receipt of grants. Also, he will be prompted whenever the budget is exhausted. Funds is also an indication of the Fund allocated under different heads. A librarian can allocate a fix amount under each head through this option. Currencies is another added feature of Koha as a library has to keep a record of different currencies and their conversion value. In this module, only one currency can be kept activated as library is making payment in Indian Currency only most of the time. By this the active currency can be selected by the librarian as per need. 2. Cataloguing- Cataloguing is strongest feature of Koha as it gives you copy cataloguing facility through Z39.50 protocol. Koha strictly follows MARC format and as per requirement of the library different flavours of MARC can be chosen out of the format given. It strictly follows international standard such as ISBD for display of record and MARC format for data entry. While making the data entry, initially it displays two options- New Record and New from Z39.50. for entering a new record, it is advisable that go through the second option as this option allows you to import data from different libraries of world through Z39.50 protocol in standardized format and free from error. Here, Koha has given linkage to some of the libraries such as Library of Congress, Columbia University, Index Test Data Server and Smithsonian Institution Libraries (this differs from live DVD to live DVD or the developer). Also. Koha gives facility to add libraries for import of data by defining certain parameters in the Administration menu. Through this you can search with the keywords like- Title, ISBN, LC Call number, Raw (any), Author, ISSN (in case of journal), Dewey and Standard ID. When the information is typed in the desired window (provided net is connected), the option will be displayed and the Exact bibliographic record can be downloaded/merged to your database by clicking the option Import. In case, the entry is not available on any of the catalogue, then bibliographic information can be entered by data entry in respective field. Here the data entry has to be made in different field of the worksheets displayed on nine different pages through default option. In order to make the data entry short and fast, these worksheet could be customised for different kind of collection. E.g. Books, Journals, Thesis, CD/DVD, Annual Reports, etc. This will fasten the data entry work by choosing the appropriate worksheet. The strongest feature of the module is that it allows the entries in standardised format as well as data entry work can be done fast by using the Z39.50 protocol.
Fig. 5. Screenshot(s) of Cataloguing module for data entry
Koha also gives facility to enter data in the languages other than English as it is Unicode compliant. For this the language option required can be downloaded from the internet using Google Input Tool. 3. Patron Membership For online circulation, reservations, etc. another important database is- database of patrons. Through this menu a library can create patrons for its library and define the permissions to be granted to a patron i.e. whether a particular patron can only see catalogue or he can perform
the other functions related to the library also. In this software, one of the feature is that a Patron can be assigned the permission of a user as well as administrator that depends on policy of the library. Here, there is no need to create separate database of library staff, if they are given the permission by the Administrator and they can perform library related activities as well as they can act as users of the library. Koha has a facility to create different kind of patron and set different privileges for them as any other commercial LMS can do. To specify the Patron, a photograph of the Patron can be uploaded which can generate the Photo Identity Card of the Patron for Library. 4. Circulation: For automated circulation the basic things required are a. Bibliographic database b. Patron database c. Rules set for the circulation The bibliographic database is created through the cataloguing menu and patrons are created through the Patron menu. The circulation module provides option of issue (check out), return (check in), renewal transfer, set library and fast cataloguing. In case, the book in the circulation department is not processed, then it is possible to get it catalogues and enter in the bibliographic database through fast cataloguing option. One advantage with Koha is that it gives facility of offline circulation. If sometime, the Server machine is not connected to the client machine, then by installing a module of Koha Offiline Circulation (application need to be downloaded from net as it is not part of Koha installation) on the Circulation sections client machines, the circulation can be done in offline mode and after establishing the connection, this data can be merged into main database. Apart from routine operations of the library management, Koha provides different reports from the Circulation module these areHold queues, hold to pull, hold awaiting pickups (for reserved books), Hold ratios, Transfer to Receive, Overdue, Overdue with fines, etc. This gives all the options of circulation ranging from a small library to big size University library environment.
Fig. 7. Screenshot of Circulation Module of Koha
5. Advance Search Koha gives a users/librarian powerful search option that any other commercial software could do. It gives option of keyword search as well as advance search. The search can be broaden or narrowed by using the Boolean Search Operators. The search can be made specific by adding or deleting various parameters from the search menu. It can be restricted to entire database or can be narrowed down to specific collection (e.g. books, journals, thesis, special collection or the collections defined by the Administrator/Librarian). A user can search the book by Author, Title, Class Number, Accession Number (Bar Code), Subject, Shelving location, Acquisition Data, Language, Note, Publisher, Place of Publication, Publication Year, Note, etc. i.e. whatever possible access point a user can think, it gives access to a document from all possible sources. Search by relevance is another feature of Koha search module.
Fig. 8. Screenshot of Advance Search Module This is a search from Koha Staff Client module which is helpful to the library staff while making or editing the data. But if the search is to be seen from the Users’ perspective, then the WebOAC of Koha is a very powerful tool for searching the documents or collections. The Patrons of library can be assigned their User IDs and Password and by logging into their account, they can see the status of their account. Also, different kinds of search facilities available could be utilised in WebOPAC. While customizing the WebOPAC, Koha gives a facility of importing the book jacket from Amazon/Taylor & Fracis/Google Catalogue. Also, if the e-version of the book is available, its URL address can be given in the tag 856 while making the data entry to access to the full text version of the book. The search window of the WebOPAC can be customised and tailor made using the vision of the librarian. 6. Lists This option gives librarian to generate different list(s) that a library wants to share with its users or wants to keep for self. For e.g. through this module, library can generate lists likeLatest arrivals, this month additions, Book of the month, or other statistics whatever is felt relevant. This is totally customised list and depends upon the Librarians vision.
Fig. 9. Screenshot of List Module
7. Authorities Through this option different authority lists can be created to maintain the data entry uniform and error free. The terms/pharases which are of repetitive type and need to be entered very frequently can be saved in the form of Authority list and these can be selected while making data entry in different fields.
Fig. 10. Screenshot of Authorities Module
8. Serials The Serials or Serial control module of Koha gives all the desired operations and better features that many of the Commercial softwares. The Serial control allows the entries in a standardised format and gives option to access the E-version of the journal from the WebOPAC and need not to run separate application programme for accessing the e-journal. It is capable enough to manage e-verision as well as hard copy of the journal. The serial module of Koha allows libraries to manage claims, check expiration, and manage frequency. Managing numbering pattern and all the other required operations of Periodical Section. While entering the periodical for the first time, the vendor has to be selected from the database or if new it may be added to the database. Then the bibliographic details of the periodical are entered directly or importing the data using Z39.50 protocol. After entering the complete information about the periodical and its frequency, the option of test pattern gives tabular presentation of upcoming issues which can be entered with date and other information after receipt. In case of late receipt or non-receipt, option of generating reminder through mail and hard copy is also available.
Fig. 11. Screenshot of Serial Control Module 9. Reports Generation of reports from the data stored in the database in a desired format is also very powerful feature of Koha. There are six categories of reports as given in the screenshot i.e. Guidded Reports, Statistics Wizards, Report Plugins, Top Lists, Inactive and others. These reports are totally tailor made and most of the reports which are frequently used by the librarian/libraries are available on net on the website and these can be downloaded as per requirement of the library and can be used. A library of different customised report is available on different website
supporting Koha by the Koha Community. These reports can be downloaded and used as per requirement of the library.
Fig. 11. Screenshot of Report Generation Module In the era of internet, this Report generation gives excellent features of scheduling of reports. The desired report can be set through Task Scheduler and it will be generetaed as defined in the task Scheduler and will be forwarded to the email account as defined. 10. Tools The tool option is one of the powerful module of the Koha, which gives the facilities of various activities that are need of the hour of a library. The entire module has been cateogrised in three sub categories as belowa. Patron & Circulation- there are various other options listed in this module which includesPatron Lists, Comments, Import Patron, Notices and slips, Overdue notice & Status Triggers, Patron Card Creator, batch Patron Deletion/anonymization, batch patron modification, Tags, upload patron image. Through this using appropriate options - a list of patron can be uploaded from a data file in batch i.e. the staff need not to enter the data of Patron one by one, it can be uploaded in one go by transportation of data from an excel file or cvv file. Through this option of tools, one can upload the Patron image in batch and the other options arecustomization of slips (print slip of circulation counters- check in slip, check out slip and other slips required). Through this module, the library card or Patron Card can be customised and printed in the desired format. b. Catalog- This module of tool module of the Koha supports other modules in different way as it has the options of Batch item deletion, batch item modification, inventory/stock taking, label creator, Quick spine creator, Marc modification templates, Stage Marc records for import, Staged marc record management, Upload local cover image. Through this, the
bibliographic record of the database can be deleted in batch in one go. Also the patron record of the database can be deleted in batch through this option. By giving accession number of the books, multiple accession numbers can be deleted in one go. Through this tool back up the entire database (containing bibliographic database, patron record as well as transaction and other associated data) can be taken from the option of Export Data. The back up the database gives various option i.e. option of export of bibliographic records only, export of authority records only, export database (entire database) and Export configuration. While taking the back up, relevant button may be clicked and desired back up may be taken.
Fig. 12. Screenshot of Tools Module
c. Additional Tools- this is another tool through which a librarian can interact with the users on day to day basis. In addition to this the first tool Calendar gives facility of entering the leave/Off days of the library. By entering this, it gives notification about the leave as well as while calculation of the library fines, the number of closed day will be deducted while calculating the fine. Through CSV file, different customization can be done. The News option is the most easy way to interact with the library users. Here the library can paste notices, give information about new services by editing the html file of the option. By using it judiciously and common sense, it can be used as a website of the library not completely but partially. By using the Task Scheduler various tasks related to the library could be scheduled and can give reports in different way which are predefined by the Administrator. It is helpful to generate various reports in electronic format. Through the Edit Quotes for QOTD feature, item like QUOTE OF THE DAY or TODAY’S WORD can be displayed on WebOPAC. The tools plugin is helpful in running various programmes developed by the Administrator or Koha Community.
10.
About Koha
This module gives information about the various hardware and software being used by the library i.e. Server information, Perl Module, Koha team involved, license information and other basic information about the software and its version including the validity. Conclusion As the meaning of the word Koha itself explains, it is boon to the library community including librarians as well as users. Librarians existence is to serve the Users community in the best possible manner using latest tools and techniques. In present scenario of the latest ICT tools and gadgets, Koha is serving the users with the latest tools and techniques and application developed by the Koha Community. The application programme developed by the Community are giving services to the users through email, SMS and WebOPAC which are the most talked concepts by today’s librarians. Just the things is the librarian and library professionals has to have the attitude of continuous learning and surf the net for latest developments in the sphere of Koha development. They have to keep themselves updated about the new versions, new plugins, new applications to serve their user at right time by right information in a right way.
References 1. http://opensource.org/ 2. Muller, Tristan (2011). How to choose a free and open source integrated library system. OCLC Systems & Services. 27(1), 57-78] 3. http://opensource.org/ 4. [Source: http://journal.code4lib.org/articles/1638] Code4Lib Journal Issue 7, 2009-
06-26 ISSN: 1940-5758]. How Hard Can It Be? : Developing in Open Source 5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koha_%28software%29 6. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koha_%28software%29
Further Readings a. Department of paper technology, IIT Roorkee available at: http://www.iitr.ac.in/departments/DPT/pages/About_Us+History.html (accessed on 11 November 2012). b. Spider web master tools, available at: http://www.spiderwebmastertools.com (accessed on 30 June 2012). c. Koha, available at: http://Koha-community.org (accessed on 02 April 2012). d. Mysore University library OPAC, available at: http://libcat.mysore-univ.org/ (accessed on 06 June 2012). e. Marc standards, available at: http://www.loc.gov/marc/ (accessed on 01-30 May 2012). f. MarcEdit, available at: http://people.oregonstate.edu/~reeset/marcedit/html/index.php (accessed on 01-30 May 2012). g. Basic Ubuntu commands, available at: http://freshtutorial.com/basic-ubuntu-commandtutorial-for-beginners/ (accessed on 05 May 2012). h. Koha Live DVD, available at: http://sourceforge.net/ (accessed on 11 November 2012)
i.
w3schools.com: the world largest web development http://www.w3schools.com/ (accessed on 02-30 June 2012).
site,
available
at:
j.
Kohageek, available at: http://Kohageek.pbworks.com/w/page/28248118/FrontPage (accessed on April-June 2012). k. Koha wiki, available at: http://wiki.Koha-community.org/wiki/Main_Page (accessed on April-June 2012). l. Koha: Customized live DVD, available at: http://sourceforge.net/project/vkmKoha/files/ (accessed on 18-31 January 2013).
