The Research Reactor Water Quality and its Control. SUMIJANTO , P2TKN. ○
What is the meaning of qualified water? – Qualified water is the water that fulfill ...
The Research Reactor Water Quality and its Control SUMIJANTO , P2TKN
What is the meaning of qualified water? – Qualified water is the water that fulfill the meeting need
RR meeting need is: – Should not accelerate the corrossion process – Should not initiate the scaling process – Should not initiate the radiation exposure
Physical and chemical of water (1)
Physical and chemical of water (2)
Water quality parameter (1) 1. Conductivity ( λ ) unit µS/.cm (µmho/cm) demineralized water λ = 0,056 µS/.cm water contain impurity λ = high λ = number if ion in the water 2. TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS (TDS) unit mg/liter (ppm) number of dissolved organic and inorganic compound in water
Water Quality Parameter (2) 3. pH pH = – Log [H+] pOH = – Log [OH-] pH + pOH = 14 Neutral water pH = 7 4. HARDNESS Ca2+ and Mg2+ content in the water that can be exist as Ca/Mg : carbonate, bicarbonate, sulphate, chloride. Temporary hardness Ca[HCO3]2, Mg[HCO3]2 CaCO3, MgCO3 can be erased by boiling Permanent hardness Ca/Mg : sulphate and chloride
Water Quality Parameter (3) Scaling formation : Ksp CaCO3 = 4,9 10–9 = [Ca 2+][ CO3 2-] Ksp Mg(OH)2 = 5,6 10–12 = [Mg 2+][ OH -]2 5. Alkalinity Ions Content in the water : CO32- , HCO3- , OH– 2 HCO3- + heat → CO32- + CO2 + H2O CO32-+ H2O
→
2OH- + CO2
6. Specific parameter Fe , Mn , Cu , Zn , Ca , Mg , Na , SiO2(Si) , Cl- , SO4 2- , O2
PURIFIED WATER GRADES Unit
Grade 1
Grade 2
Grade 3
Grade 4
Conductivity, μS/cm Resistivity,MΩ/cm at 250C Total suspended solids, ppm Organic solutes oxygen absorbed, ppm pH range Bacterial count, colonies per 100 ml Silica SiO2, ppm Trace dissolved metals, ppm Colloidal matter Carbon dioxide CO2 , ppm
0.1-0.055 10 – 20 At limit of detection At limit of detection 6.5 – 5 Nil < 0.005 < 0.005 At limit of detection At limit of detection
0.1-0.055 10 – 20 < 0.05 < 0.1 6.5 – 7 Nil < 0.005 < 0.005 As feedwater At limit of detection
2–1 0.5 – 1 < 0.05 < 0.1 5.8 – 8.5 N/A < 0.05 < 0.05 As feedwater 1.0
5–2 0.2 – 0.5 < 0.05 < 0.1 4 – 8.5 N/A As feedwater < 0.05 As feedwater As feedwater
Conductivity, pH, Si, TOD*
Conductivity pH, Si,
Conductiviy pH, Si,
ConductiviypH, Si,
Quality assessment by
Grade 1 : Chemically and biologilly pure water. Grade 2 : Chemically pure water with trace organic. Grade 3 : Purified water with trace dissolved solids and gases Grade 4 : Purified water with trace dissolved solids Si and CO2 as feedwater TOD* Total oxygen demand Air pendingin primer reaktor riset identik dengan Grade 2.
Indonesia and EWA/MARIA Primary cooling water qualification No.
Parameter
Reaktor Riset Kartini
Triga 2000
RSG GAS
Ewa/Maria
1.
pH
5.5 – 6.5
5.5 - 6.5
5.8 – 7.0
5.5 – 6.5
2.
λ (µS/cm)
< 3.5
< 3.5
< 8.0
0.2 – 1.5
3.
TDS (ppm)
-
-
-
1–3
4.
Ca (ppm)
