location-type choice

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0.484. 2 or more clubs. 0.593. 0.625. # very strong ties. 0.022. # reasonable strong. -0.010. -0.012. Monday. -0.459. -0.678. Wednesday. -0.603. Saturday. 0.861.
Location-type Choice for Face-to-face Social Activities and its Effect on Travel Behavior

Pauline van den Berg Theo Arentze Harry Timmermans

Introduction

• Predict the generation and spatial distribution of social activities and the travel involved

Structure • Background • Data and methods • Results

Background Activity space: • frequently visited activity locations and routes between these locations

Social activity locations: • home, house of friends and relatives, bars, restaurants, club facilities

Background • Social activities account for 15% of all trips

• Trips for social interaction are longer than average • Social travel distances are growing (more spread social networks)

Background • Insight into frequency of face-to-face social activities, their purpose and the location type, distance and transport mode is needed.

Data and methods • Social interaction diary

Data and methods • Social interaction diary

• • • •

January - June 2008 Eindhoven region 747 respondents 8074 social interactions (4177 face-to-face)

Data and methods – analysis framework

Data and methods – analysis framework For each diary day (N=1494): 1. The number of face-to-face social activities

Data and methods – analysis framework For each diary day (N=1494): 1. The number of face-to-face social activities

For each face-to-face social activity (N=4177): 2. The purpose of the interaction 3. The type of location

Data and methods – analysis framework For each diary day (N=1494): 1. The number of face-to-face social activities

For each face-to-face social activity (N=4177): 2. The purpose of the interaction 3. The type of location

If social travel was involved (N=1878): 4. The distance to the activity location 5. The transport mode used

Data and methods – explanatory variables • • • • • •

gender, age partner, children education, income, work status car ownership, urban density number of clubs, social network size day of the week

Data and methods – explanatory variables • • • • • •

gender, age partner, children education, income, work status car ownership, urban density number of clubs, social network size day of the week

• Earlier predicted variables are explanatory variables in the following models

Results

Results (1) Model 1: Poisson regression model – number of interactions B Male

-0.100

Partner

-0.099

Children under 18

0.240

Primary education

-0.212

Involved in 2 or more clubs

0.163

# very strong network ties

0.007

# reasonable strong ties

0.003

Sunday

-0.412

Results (1) Model 1: Poisson regression model – number of interactions B Male

-0.100

Partner

-0.099

Children under 18

0.240

Primary education

-0.212

Involved in 2 or more clubs

0.163

# very strong network ties

0.007

# reasonable strong ties

0.003

Sunday

-0.412

Results (1) Model 1: Poisson regression model – number of interactions B Male

-0.100

Partner

-0.099

Children under 18

0.240

Primary education

-0.212

Involved in 2 or more clubs

0.163

# very strong network ties

0.007

# reasonable strong ties

0.003

Sunday

-0.412

Results (1) Model 1: Poisson regression model – number of interactions B Male

-0.100

Partner

-0.099

Children under 18

0.240

Primary education

-0.212

Involved in 2 or more clubs

0.163

# very strong network ties

0.007

# reasonable strong ties

0.003

Sunday

-0.412

Results (2) Model 2: MNL – Purpose of social activities N

%

Joint activity

835

20%

Visit/host

592

14%

Talk/chat

1185

28%

Short question/message

353

8%

Info/advice/discussion

535

13%

Other

656

16%

4177

100%

Results (2) Joint activity Male

60

Partner

Question / mess.

-0.068

-0.085

0.079

Results (2) Joint activity Male

60

Partner

Question / mess.

-0.068

-0.085

0.079

Results (2) Joint activity Male

60

Partner

Question / mess.

-0.068

-0.085

0.079

Results (2) Joint activity Male

60

Partner

Question / mess.

-0.068

-0.085

0.079

Results (2) Joint activity Male

60

Partner

Question / mess.

-0.068

-0.085

0.079

Results (2) Joint activity Male

60

Partner

Question / mess.

-0.068

-0.085

0.079

Results (2) Joint activity Male

60

Partner

Question / mess.

-0.068

-0.085

0.079

Results (2) Joint activity Male

60

Partner

Question / mess.

-0.068

-0.085

0.079

Results (3) Model 3: MNL – location-type choice

N

%

Home

904

22%

Home of other person

739

18%

Work / study location

721

17%

Restaurant, bar, cultural

214

5%

En route / outside

416

10%

Sport / club location

401

10%

Other

768

18%

4177

100%

Results (3) Home other Male

Work

Bar, rest.

Sport / club

En route

0.301

60

0.539 -0.442

Partner Children

-0.534

0.877 -0.357

High education

0.774

0.569

-1.077

0.781

No car

0.876

More cars

-0.503

Low urban density

# reasonable strong

0.366

-2.455

Full time work / school

# very strong ties

0.470

0.610

No work / school

No clubs

Other

-0.396 -0.434

-0.322

0.026

0.034 -0.012

Results (3) Home other Male

Work

Bar, rest.

Sport / club

En route

0.301

60

0.539 -0.442

Partner Children

-0.534

0.877 -0.357

High education

0.774

0.569

-1.077

0.781

No car

0.876

More cars

-0.503

Low urban density

# reasonable strong

0.366

-2.455

Full time work / school

# very strong ties

0.470

0.610

No work / school

No clubs

Other

-0.396 -0.434

-0.322

0.026

0.034 -0.012

Results (3) Home other Male

Work

Bar, rest.

Sport / club

En route

0.301

60

0.539 -0.442

Partner Children

-0.534

0.877 -0.357

High education

0.774

0.569

-1.077

0.781

No car

0.876

More cars

-0.503

Low urban density

# reasonable strong

0.366

-2.455

Full time work / school

# very strong ties

0.470

0.610

No work / school

No clubs

Other

-0.396 -0.434

-0.322

0.026

0.034 -0.012

Results (3) Home other Male

Work

Bar, rest.

Sport / club

En route

0.301

60

0.539 -0.442

Partner Children

-0.534

0.877 -0.357

High education

0.774

0.569

-1.077

0.781

No car

0.876

More cars

-0.503

Low urban density

# reasonable strong

0.366

-2.455

Full time work / school

# very strong ties

0.470

0.610

No work / school

No clubs

Other

-0.396 -0.434

-0.322

0.026

0.034 -0.012

Results (3) Home other Male

Work

Bar, rest.

Sport / club

En route

0.301

60

0.539 -0.442

Partner Children

-0.534

0.877 -0.357

High education

0.774

0.569

-1.077

0.781

No car

0.876

More cars

-0.503

Low urban density

# reasonable strong

0.366

-2.455

Full time work / school

# very strong ties

0.470

0.610

No work / school

No clubs

Other

-0.396 -0.434

-0.322

0.026

0.034 -0.012

Results (3) Home other Male

Work

Bar, rest.

Sport / club

En route

0.301

60

0.539 -0.442

Partner Children

-0.534

0.877 -0.357

High education

0.774

0.569

-1.077

0.781

No car

0.876

More cars

-0.503

Low urban density

# reasonable strong

0.366

-2.455

Full time work / school

# very strong ties

0.470

0.610

No work / school

No clubs

Other

-0.396 -0.434

-0.322

0.026

0.034 -0.012

Results (3) Home other

Work

Bar, rest.

Monday

-2.129

Tuesday

-0.757

Wednesday

Sport / club

En route

Other -0.376

-0.609

-0.814

-0.584

Saturday

-2.655

-0.670

-0.697

Sunday

-3.388

-0.658

Friday

# social activities

0.140

Joint activity

0.760

Visit

0.701

1.948

-0.670

-1.969

0.088

0.143

2.132

1.098

-1.237

-1.179

Talk

1.401

Question/message

0.879

0.866

Info/discussion

1.909

1.022

1.016

0.111

-1.720

0.651

0.533

Results (3) Home other

Work

Bar, rest.

Monday

-2.129

Tuesday

-0.757

Wednesday

Sport / club

En route

Other -0.376

-0.609

-0.814

-0.584

Saturday

-2.655

-0.670

-0.697

Sunday

-3.388

-0.658

Friday

# social activities

0.140

Joint activity

0.760

Visit

0.701

1.948

-0.670

-1.969

0.088

0.143

2.132

1.098

-1.237

-1.179

Talk

1.401

Question/message

0.879

0.866

Info/discussion

1.909

1.022

1.016

0.111

-1.720

0.651

0.533

Results (3) Home other

Work

Bar, rest.

Monday

-2.129

Tuesday

-0.757

Wednesday

Sport / club

En route

Other -0.376

-0.609

-0.814

-0.584

Saturday

-2.655

-0.670

-0.697

Sunday

-3.388

-0.658

Friday

# social activities

0.140

Joint activity

0.760

Visit

0.701

1.948

-0.670

-1.969

0.088

0.143

2.132

1.098

-1.237

-1.179

Talk

1.401

Question/message

0.879

0.866

Info/discussion

1.909

1.022

1.016

0.111

-1.720

0.651

0.533

Results (3) Home other

Work

Bar, rest.

Monday

-2.129

Tuesday

-0.757

Wednesday

Sport / club

En route

Other -0.376

-0.609

-0.814

-0.584

Saturday

-2.655

-0.670

-0.697

Sunday

-3.388

-0.658

Friday

# social activities

0.140

Joint activity

0.760

Visit

0.701

1.948

-0.670

-1.969

0.088

0.143

2.132

1.098

-1.237

-1.179

Talk

1.401

Question/message

0.879

0.866

Info/discussion

1.909

1.022

1.016

0.111

-1.720

0.651

0.533

Results (4) Model 1: Tobit regression model – travel distance (log) B Male

0.200

Age < 40

0.439

Children under 18

-0.208

High urban density

-0.263

Tuesday

0.272

Friday

0.283

Saturday

0.362

Sunday

0.417

Joint activity

0.224

Visit

0.513

Short question

-0.413

Home of other person

-0.255

Work or study location

0.689

Results (4) Model 1: Tobit regression model – travel distance (log) B Male

0.200

Age < 40

0.439

Children under 18

-0.208

High urban density

-0.263

Tuesday

0.272

Friday

0.283

Saturday

0.362

Sunday

0.417

Joint activity

0.224

Visit

0.513

Short question

-0.413

Home of other person

-0.255

Work or study location

0.689

Results (4) Model 1: Tobit regression model – travel distance (log) B Male

0.200

Age < 40

0.439

Children under 18

-0.208

High urban density

-0.263

Tuesday

0.272

Friday

0.283

Saturday

0.362

Sunday

0.417

Joint activity

0.224

Visit

0.513

Short question

-0.413

Home of other person

-0.255

Work or study location

0.689

Results (4) Model 1: Tobit regression model – travel distance (log) B Male

0.200

Age < 40

0.439

Children under 18

-0.208

High urban density

-0.263

Tuesday

0.272

Friday

0.283

Saturday

0.362

Sunday

0.417

Joint activity

0.224

Visit

0.513

Short question

-0.413

Home of other person

-0.255

Work or study location

0.689

Results (4) Model 1: Tobit regression model – travel distance (log) B Male

0.200

Age < 40

0.439

Children under 18

-0.208

High urban density

-0.263

Tuesday

0.272

Friday

0.283

Saturday

0.362

Sunday

0.417

Joint activity

0.224

Visit

0.513

Short question

-0.413

Home of other person

-0.255

Work or study location

0.689

Results (5) Model 5: MNL – transport mode choice

N

%

1036

55%

53

3%

Bicycle

482

26%

On foot

275

15%

1846

100%

Car Public transport

Results (5) Car Male

Public transport

Bicycle

-2.313

Children

0.950

0.835

Low education

0.911

0.860

Full time work / school No car

1.964 -3.612

Friday Joint activity

0.970 -0.960

Question / message

-1.074

Sport / club location

1.278

Ln (distance + 1)

3.818

3.868

2.483

Results (5) Car Male

Public transport

Bicycle

-2.313

Children

0.950

0.835

Low education

0.911

0.860

Full time work / school No car

1.964 -3.612

Friday Joint activity

0.970 -0.960

Question / message

-1.074

Sport / club location

1.278

Ln (distance + 1)

3.818

3.868

2.483

Results (5) Car Male

Public transport

Bicycle

-2.313

Children

0.950

0.835

Low education

0.911

0.860

Full time work / school No car

1.964 -3.612

Friday Joint activity

0.970 -0.960

Question / message

-1.074

Sport / club location

1.278

Ln (distance + 1)

3.818

3.868

2.483

Results (5) Car Male

Public transport

Bicycle

-2.313

Children

0.950

0.835

Low education

0.911

0.860

Full time work / school No car

1.964 -3.612

Friday Joint activity

0.970 -0.960

Question / message

-1.074

Sport / club location

1.278

Ln (distance + 1)

3.818

3.868

2.483

Results (5) Car Male

Public transport

Bicycle

-2.313

Children

0.950

0.835

Low education

0.911

0.860

Full time work / school No car

1.964 -3.612

Friday Joint activity

0.970 -0.960

Question / message

-1.074

Sport / club location

1.278

Ln (distance + 1)

3.818

3.868

2.483

Results (5) Car Male

Public transport

Bicycle

-2.313

Children

0.950

0.835

Low education

0.911

0.860

Full time work / school No car

1.964 -3.612

Friday Joint activity

0.970 -0.960

Question / message

-1.074

Sport / club location

1.278

Ln (distance + 1)

3.818

3.868

2.483

Results (5) Car Male

Public transport

Bicycle

-2.313

Children

0.950

0.835

Low education

0.911

0.860

Full time work / school No car

1.964 -3.612

Friday Joint activity

0.970 -0.960

Question / message

-1.074

Sport / club location

1.278

Ln (distance + 1)

3.818

3.868

2.483

Results (5) Car Male

Public transport

Bicycle

-2.313

Children

0.950

0.835

Low education

0.911

0.860

Full time work / school No car

1.964 -3.612

Friday Joint activity

0.970 -0.960

Question / message

-1.074

Sport / club location

1.278

Ln (distance + 1)

3.818

3.868

2.483

Conclusions • Five successive models based on diary data collected in Eindhoven • Insight into frequency of social activities, their purpose and the location type, distance and transport mode

Conclusions • Many significant effects • In particular gender, age, the presence of children in the household, level of education and the day of the week • Earlier predicted variables in the following models

Conclusions • Future research:

• Further analyses of current data set − Time and duration of social activities − SEM: social networks, ICT and social travel