longobardian (middle triassic) entactinarian and nassellarian ... - BioOne

J. Paleont., 79(1), 2005, pp. 1–20 Copyright q 2005, The Paleontological Society 0022-3360/05/0079-1$03.00

LONGOBARDIAN (MIDDLE TRIASSIC) ENTACTINARIAN AND NASSELLARIAN RADIOLARIA FROM THE DINARIDES OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA UGUR KAGAN TEKIN1

AND

HELFRIED MOSTLER2

¨ niversitesi, Jeoloji Mu¨hendisligi Bo¨lu¨mu¨ 06532, Beytepe-Ankara, Turkey, ,[email protected]. and Hacettepe U 2 Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Innsbruck University, Innrain 52, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria, ,[email protected].

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ABSTRACT—Abundant and well-preserved radiolarians are reported from a limestone sample taken from near the town of Fojnica, southern Bosnia and Herzegovina. A late late Ladinian age is assigned to this sample based on the index species Spongoserrula fluegeli and Muelleritortis cochleata and associated radiolarian fauna. As a result of taxonomic studies on the entactinarian and nassellarian fauna of this sample, three species (Pseudostylosphaera multispinata, P. oblonga, and P. procera) from the suborder Entactinaria, and 18 species (Bulbocyrtium cordeyi, B.? longobardicum, Goestlingella goricanae, G. pseudoillyrica, Monicasterix ornata, M. parvisegmentata, M. pulchra, Nabolella brevispinosa, N. crenulata, N. trispinata, Ladinocampe dinarica, Spinotriassocampe praecarnica, Pseudosaturniforma ladinica, Pararuesticyrtium coniformis, P.? sanfilippoae, Conospongocyrtis bragini, Castrum blomei, and Triassocyrtium longum) from the suborder Nassellaria are described as new. Moreover, the genus Pseudosaturniforma is emended based on the new materials.

Fojnica (Fig. 2). Regionally, the sequence includes pelagic sediments such as calcarenite, pelagic limestone, cherty limestone, tuffaceous claystone, and radiolarite (Mudrenovic and Gakovic, 1964; Fig. 3). Because the sample was taken from a floated block, it is not clear whether it came from the limestone sequence below or above the tuffaceous claystone-chert intercalation of this succession.

INTRODUCTION

and systematics of upper Ladinian radiolarians have been extensively researched since the 1980s. Based on the studies of Nakaseko and Nishimura (1979), Dumitrica (1982), Kozur and Krahl (1984), De Wever (1984), Bragin (1986, 1991), Kozur (1988a, 1988b), Dosztaly (1989, 1991, 1993), Kolar-Jurkovsek (1989, 1990), Gorican and Buser (1990), Kozur and Mostler (1994, 1996a, 1996b), Halamic and Gorican (1995), Sugiyama (1997), and Tekin (1999), a detailed biostratigraphy of Longobardian radiolarians has been documented and a zonation established for this interval. In this study, we researched the taxonomy of entactinarian and nassellarian radiolarians of a limestone sample obtained from the Varoski Creek, 2 km west of the town of Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Radiolarians in this sample were reported in two previous articles (Kozur and Mostler 1996a, 1996b) that describe and evaluate the zonal significance of many taxa from the families Muelleritortiidae and Oertlispongidae. Based on these articles, the age of this sample is early late Longobardian, and radiolarians allow assignment to the Spongoserrula fluegeli Subzone of the Muelleritortis cochleata Zone. Presence of the conodont Budurovignathus mungoensis (Diebel) confirms this age (Kozur and Mostler 1996a, 1996b).

T

HE BIOSTRATIGRAPHY

SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY

The following abbreviations are utilized for measurements: HT, Holotype; Min., Minimum; Max., Maximum; and Av., Average. All specimens are from the sample 88–272. All holotypes and paratypes are housed in the collection of the Institute of Geology and Paleontology of Innsbruck University. Subclass RADIOLARIA Mu¨ller, 1858 Order POLYCYSTINA Ehrenberg, 1838 Suborder ENTACTINARIA Kozur and Mostler, 1982 Family HINDEOSPHAERIDAE Kozur and Mostler, 1981 Genus PSEUDOSTYLOSPHAERA Kozur and Mostler, 1981 Type species.Pseudostylosphaera gracilis Kozur and Mock in Kozur and Mostler, 1981. PSEUDOSTYLOSPHAERA GRACILIS Kozur and Mock in Kozur and Mostler, 1981 Figure 4.1

GEOLOGY AND MATERIAL

The Dinarides at the southwest of the Vardar Zone include many tectonic units such as the Drina–Ivanjica Blocks, Dinaridic Ophiolite Belt, East Bosnian Durmitor Zone, Sarajevo Sigmoid, Dalmatian–Herzegovinan Zone, and Budva Zone (Dimitrijevic, 2001, Fig. 1). Within these units, the Dalmatian–Herzegovinan Zone at the south of the Dinarides, known also as the ‘‘High Karst Nappe,’’ is composed of Mesozoic carbonates and associated rock units (Dimitrijevic, 2001). Dimitrijevic (2001) emphasizes that the Middle Triassic cherts are a pelagic episode within a carbonate platform succession. All specimens of Entactinaria and Nassellaria presented in this study were obtained from a single limestone sample. This sample was collected by L. Krystyn (Vienna) from a floated block located at Varoski Creek, 2 km west of Fojnica near the Gacko—Mostar road (latitude: 438139400N; longitude: 188259500E; Fig. 2), and is identified under the number 88–272 (Krystyn’s collection). Based on Cicic’s (1985) study, Mesozoic dolomites, limestones, clastic rocks, and cherts are widely exposed near the town of

Pseudostylosphaera gracilis KOZUR AND MOCK IN KOZUR AND MOSTLER, 1981, p. 32, pl. 66, fig. 1; SUGIYAMA, 1997, p. 186, fig. 48-18; TEKIN, 1999, p. 128–129, pl. 25, figs. 10, 11. Pseudostylosphaera hellenica (DE WEVER IN DE WEVER, SAN FILIPPO, RIEDEL, AND GRUBER, 1979). LAHM, 1984, p. 35, pl. 5, figs. 1, 2.

Material examined.Eight specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper Ladinian–Upper Triassic; lower Carnian; West Carpathians; Goestling and Grossreifling, Austria; Mino Terrane, Central Japan; Antalya, Turkey; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). PSEUDOSTYLOSPHAERA sp. aff. P. HELLENICA (De Wever in De Wever et al., 1979) Figure 4.2, 4.3 aff. Archaeospongoprunum? hellenicum DE WEVER IN DE WEVER, SAN FILIPPO, RIEDEL, AND GRUBER, 1979, p. 78, pl. 1, fig. 8.

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FIGURE 3—Lithostratigraphic succession with radiolarian-bearing limestone below and above a thin radiolarite-tuffite intercalation (from Mudrenovic and Gakovic, 1964). a, calcarenite; b, radiolarian-bearing limestone; c, cherty limestone; d, tuffaceous claystone; e, red radiolarite.

FIGURE 1—Geological outline of the Dinarides and the Vardar Zone with surrounding area (after Dimitrijevic, 2001). a, Budva Zone; b, Dalmatian–Herzegovinan Zone; c, Sarajevo Sigmoid; d, East Bosnian Durmitor Nappe; e, Dinaridic Ophiolitic Belt (melange and ultramafics); f, Devetak Nappe Pile; g, Drina and Ivanjica blocks; h, Vardar Zone; i, Pannonian Basin. CBSM: Central Bosnian Schist Mountains; line of ‘‘x’’ gives approximate boundary between Tisia and the Vardar Zone.

Material examined.Two specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.These specimens differ from the holotype in having polar spines with less twisted distal ends.

PSEUDOSTYLOSPHAERA MULTISPINATA new species Figure 4.4–4.6 Diagnosis.Test consists of large, spherical to subspherical cortical shell with double-layered pore frame structures and several, long, pointed, needlelike spines; long, equal, dextrally twisted, tricarinate polar spines with tapering ends. Description.Cortical shell large, spherical to subspherical with double-layered pore frame structures. Outer layer of meshwork consisting of large, elevated, polygonal (mainly pentagonal and hexagonal) pore frames. Vertices of outer pore frames bear nodes and several long, pointed, needlelike spines. Inner layer of meshwork comprises small, polygonal (mainly trigonal) pore frames with subcircular to subellipsoidal pores. Polar spines long, equal, dextrally twisted, tricarinate with very thin ridges and deep,

FIGURE 2—Geological map of the sampling region and its vicinities (simplified after Cicic, 1985). Inset map shows the locality of the main map. a, undifferentiated Mesozoic limestones, dolomites, clastic rocks, and diabase-chert; b, Tertiary sediments; c, Quaternary deposits; d, major nappes; e, major faults; f, sampling point; g, main roads.

TEKIN AND MOSTLER—MIDDLE TRIASSIC (LONGOBARDIAN) RADIOLARIANS wide grooves. Distal end of polar spines tapering distally and pointed. Etymology.Latin multi, many; Latin spinata, thorny, spiny. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–005 (Fig. 4.4); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–006 (Fig. 4.5), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 007 (Fig. 4.6), GPU 2003/TEMO 1-008. Measurements.Based on the four type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of cortical shell Max. length of polar spines Width of polar spines at base

146 276 31

146 238 30

154 276 38

151 253 33

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Pseudostylosphaera multispinata differs from P. spinosa Kozur and Mostler, 1981, p. 33, pl. 67, fig. 2 in having a smaller cortical shell and wider, longer polar spines. It differs from P. goestlingensis (Kozur and Mostler, 1979, p. 54, pl. 17, fig. 5; pl. 18, fig. 1) in possessing long, needlelike spines on the cortical shell. PSEUDOSTYLOSPHAERA OBLONGA new species Figure 4.7–4.9 Diagnosis.Test consisting of ellipsoidal cortical shell with double-layered pore frame structures and two long, unequal, tricarinate, proximally straight then distally slightly sinistrially twisted polar spines with differing widened distal parts. Description.Cortical shell ellipsoidal with double-layered pore frame structures. Outer layer of meshwork consisting of large, elevated, polygonal (tetragonal to hexagonal, mainly pentagonal and hexagonal) pore frames with large subcircular pores. Prominent nodes present at pore frame vertices. Inner layer of meshwork consisting of polygonal (mainly trigonal) pore frames with subcircular pores of different size. Two polar spines long, unequal, and tricarinate with wide ridges and deep grooves. Basal parts of polar spines straight then slightly sinistrially twisted and widened distally. Distal part of longer polar spine highly widened abruptly while distal part of shorter polar spine less widened. Etymology.Latin oblonga, longish. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–014 (Fig. 4.7); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–015 (Fig. 4.8), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 016 (Fig. 4.9), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–017. Measurements.Based on the four type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of cortical shell Max. length of polar spines Width of polar spines at base

183 291 50

175 270 45

204 300 65

185 290 55

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Pseudostylosphaera oblonga differs from P. gracilis in having one of its primary spines with a highly widened distal end. It is compared to Pseudostylosphaera procera n. sp. under that name (see below). PSEUDOSTYLOSPHAERA PROCERA new species Figure 4.10–4.12 Diagnosis.Test consisting of large, subspherical to ellipsoidal cortical shell with double-layered pore frame structures; short, unequal, tricarinate, proximally straight then slightly sinistrally and sometimes dextrally/distally twisted polar spines with highly widened distal part. Description.Cortical shell large, subspherical to ellipsoidal with double-layered pore frame structures. Outer layer consisting

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of large, elevated, polygonal (tetragonal to hexagonal, mainly pentagonal) pore frames with large, subcircular to subellipsoidal pores. Nodes present at pore frame vertices. Inner layer of meshwork consisting of smaller, polygonal (mainly trigonal) pore frames with subcircular pores. Two polar spines short, unequal, tricarinate with thin ridges and deep, wide grooves. Proximal part of spines straight, distal part slightly sinistrally and sometimes dextrally twisted along distal part. Distal part of polar spines highly and abruptly widened and elongated outwardly. Etymology.Latin procera, tall, long. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–009 (Fig. 4.10); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–010 (Fig. 4.11), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 011 (Fig. 4.12), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–012, GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 013. Measurements.Based on the five type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of cortical shell Max. length of polar spines Width of polar spines at base

150 193 40

150 174 40

162 218 48

154 197 42

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Pseudostylosphaera procera n. sp. differs from P. gracilis Kozur and Mock in Kozur and Mostler, 1981 in its shorter primary spines with a highly widened distal end. It differs from Pseudostylosphaera oblonga n. sp. in having two longer polar spines with highly widened distal ends instead of one polar spine with a highly widened distal end. Pseudostylosphaera oblonga also has wider ridges on tricarinate polar spines. Family PENTACTINOCARPIDAE Dumitrica, 1978 emend. Kozur and Mostler, 1981 Genus PENTACTINOCAPSA Dumitrica, 1978 Type species.Pentactinocapsa quadripes Dumitrica, 1978. PENTACTINOCAPSA QUADRIPES Dumitrica, 1978 Figure 4.13 Pentactinocapsa quadripes DUMITRICA, 1978, p. 45, 46, pl. 1, figs. 2–4; GORICAN AND BUSER, 1990, p. 149, pl. 7, fig. 5; KOLAR-JURKOVSEK, 1990, p. 75, pl. 3, fig. 5; KOZUR AND MOSTLER, 1994, p. 45, pl. 2, fig. 2; KELLICI AND DE WEVER, 1995, p. 153, pl. 3, fig. 19.

Material examined.Fourteen specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; lower and upper Ladinian; Recoaro, northern Italy; Slovenia; Marmolada Massif, northern Italy; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Genus PENTACTINOCARPUS Dumitrica, 1978 Type species.Pentactinocarpus fusiformis Dumitrica, 1978. PENTACTINOCARPUS TETRACANTHUS Dumitrica, 1978 Figure 4.14 Pentactinocarpus tetracanthus DUMITRICA, 1978, p. 44, pl. 2, fig. 1; DUMITRICA, KOZUR, AND MOSTLER, 1980, p. 8, pl. 4, figs. 1–4; LAHM, 1984, p. 23, pl. 2, fig. 11; GORICAN AND BUSER, 1990, p. 150, pl. 7, figs. 8–10; KOZUR AND MOSTLER, 1994, p. 46, pl. 2, figs. 6, 7; KELLICI AND DE WEVER, 1995, p. 153, pl. 3, fig. 20; SUGIYAMA, 1997, p. 184, fig. 49–23; TEKIN, 1999, p. 134, pl. 27, figs. 9, 10. Sethophaena? sp. A NAKASEKO AND NISHIMURA, 1979, p. 79, pl. 8, fig. 7 non 8. Pentactinocarpus bispinosus KOZUR AND MOCK IN KOZUR AND MOSTLER, 1981; LAHM, 1984, p. 24, pl. 2, fig. 13. Pentactinocarpus sp. BRAGIN AND KRYLOV, 1999, p. 544, 545, fig. 7e.

Material examined.Twelve specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; lower Ladinian–Upper Triassic;

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TEKIN AND MOSTLER—MIDDLE TRIASSIC (LONGOBARDIAN) RADIOLARIANS lower Norian; Recaoro, San Uldrico and Marmolada Massif, Italy; southwest and central Japan; Goestling, Austria; Bohinj and Vojsko, Slovenia; Antalya, Turkey; Mamonia Complex, Cyprus; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Suborder NASSELLARIA Ehrenberg, 1875 Family BULBOCYRTIIDAE Kozur and Mostler, 1981 Genus BULBOCYRTIUM Kozur and Mostler, 1981 emend. Tekin, 1999 Type species.Bulbocyrtium reticulatum Kozur and Mostler, 1981. BULBOCYRTIUM

Kozur and Mostler, 1981 Figure 5.1, 5.2

CORDEVOLICUM

Bulbocyrtium cordevolicum KOZUR fig. 2; pl. 13, fig. 1.

AND

MOSTLER, 1981, p. 107, pl. 11,

Material examined.Seven specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper Ladinian–Upper Triassic; middle Carnian; Goestling, Austria; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). BULBOCYRTIUM CORDEYI new species Figure 7.13–7.16 Diagnosis.Tricyrtid test consisting of reticulated cephalis, tetracarinate apical horn, and horns in the prolongations of D, V, 2L, 2l, and abdomen and abdominal skirt with large netlike pore frames. Description.Test tricyrtid with large abdominal skirt. Cephalis large, bulbous with short apical horn. Apical horn tetracarinate with relatively thin ridges and deep, wide grooves. Cephalis also includes very short, tetracarinate horns in the prolongations of D, V, 2L, and 2l. Surface of cephalis reticulated, mainly covered by microgranular silica. Both collar and lumbar strictures distinct, poreless, marked by deep depressions. Thorax hooplike, partly covered by microgranular silica with netlike polygonal pore frames and small subcircular pores. Abdomen slightly wider than thorax, hooplike flaring to wide and long skirt. Large abdomen and abdominal skirt possess large, netlike pentagonal and hexagonal pore frames with circular to subcircular pores. Etymology.Named for Fabrice Cordey (Universite´ Claude Bernard, Lyon, France) in honor of his contributions to the study of Mesozoic Radiolaria. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–018 (Fig. 7.13); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–019 (Fig. 7.14), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 020 (Fig. 7.15), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–021 (Fig. 7.16), GPU 2003/ TEMO 1–022. Measurements.Based on the five type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Diameter of cephalis (excluding horn) Length of test (excluding horn) Width of distal end

52

50

56

53

200 160

188 146

200 163

195 156

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Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Bulbocyrtium cordeyi differs from B. reticulatum in having a longer and more slender test, less bulbous cephalis, a tetracarinate apical horn, and other tetracarinate horns in the prolongations of D, V, 2L, 2l. BULBOCYRTIUM?

LONGOBARDICUM new species Figure 5.3–5.5 Diagnosis.Tetracyrtid test consisting of spherical cephalis with prominent, tricarinate apical horn and short tricarinate vertical horn; cylindrical thorax, wide hooplike abdomen and short postabdominal segment with netlike polygonal pore frames. Description.Test tetracyrtid. Cephalis large, spherical with rare, scattered pores. Apical horn prominent, moderately long, tricarinate with thin ridges and deep, wide grooves. Vertical horn very short and tricarinate. Both collar and lumbar strictures poreless, distinct, marked by deep depressions. Thorax cylindrical, slightly wider than cephalis with small, netlike polygonal pore frames. Abdomen wider than previous segments, hooplike with netlike polygonal (mainly pentagonal) pore frames with large subcircular to subellipsoidal pores. Postabdominal segment short with same pore frames as abdomen, never completely preserved. Etymology.Named for its occurrence in the Longobardian. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–023 (Fig. 5.3); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–024 (Fig. 5.4), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 025 (Fig. 5.5), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–026. Measurements.Based on the four type specimens (in mm):

HT Min. Max. Av. Diameter of cephalis (excluding horn) Length of test (excluding horn) Max. width of test

76

66

76

72

255 139

250 118

264 139

256 130

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Bulbocyrtium? longobardicum differs from B. cordevolicum in having a less wide cephalis with prominent apical horn and a wider abdomen. It is tentatively assigned to Bulbocyrtium because of it is tetracyrtid and does not have a flared distal segment. Family CANOPTIDAE Pessagno in Pessagno et al., 1979 Genus CANOPTUM Pessagno in Pessagno et al., 1979 Type species.Canoptum poissoni Pessagno in Pessagno et al., 1979. CANOPTUM

INORNATUM Tekin, 1999 Figure 5.6, 5.7

Canoptum inornatum TEKIN, 1999, p. 136, 137, pl. 28, figs. 10–12.

Material examined.Four specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper Ladinian–Upper Triassic; lower Carnian; Antalya, Turkey; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study).

← FIGURE 4—Scanning electron micrographs of the upper Ladinian Entactinaria from sample 88–272 collected near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. 1, Pseudostylosphaera gracilis Kozur and Mock in Kozur and Mostler, 1981, scale bar 5 130 mm; 2, 3, Pseudostylosphaera sp. aff. P. hellenica (De Wever in De Wever et al., 1979), scale bar for both figures 5 130 mm; 4–6, Pseudostylosphaera multispinata n. sp. 4, Holotype, scale bar 5 150 mm, 5, 6, paratypes, scale bar for both figures 5 150 mm; 7–9, Pseudostylosphaera oblonga n. sp. 7, Holotype, scale bar 5 165 mm, 8, 9, Paratypes, scale bar for both figures 5 165 mm. 10–12, Pseudostylosphaera procera n. sp. 10, Holotype, scale bar 5 125 mm, 11, 12, paratypes, scale bar 5 130 mm, and 125 mm, respectively. 13, Pentactinocapsa quadripes Dumitrica, 1978, scale bar 5 120 mm; 14, Pentactinocarpus tetracanthus Dumitrica, 1978, scale bar 5 80 mm.

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TEKIN AND MOSTLER—MIDDLE TRIASSIC (LONGOBARDIAN) RADIOLARIANS Family DEFLANDRECYRTIIDAE Kozur and Mostler, 1979 Genus DEFLANDRECYRTIUM Kozur and Mostler, 1979 Type species.Deflandrecyrtium popofskyi Kozur and Mostler, 1979. DEFLANDRECYRTIUM sp. Figure 5.8–5.10 Description.Cephalis large, carinated with short apical horn. Thorax hemispherical with small pores. Thoracic skirt flat, wide with mainly large subcircular to subelliptical pores. Skirt distally smooth, poreless. Material examined.Three specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Deflandrecyrtium sp. differs from D. popofskyi Kozur and Mostler, 1979, p. 96, pl. 21, fig. 1 in having a smaller, less prominent apical horn, and a wider skirt bearing large pores and having a smooth distal margin instead of many spines. Genus GOESTLINGELLA Kozur and Mostler, 1979 Type species.Goestlingella cordevolica Kozur and Mostler, 1979. GOESTLINGELLA GORICANAE new species Figure 5.11, 5.12 Diagnosis.Tetracyrtid test consisting of dome-shaped, poreless cephalis with long, needlelike apical spine and short needlelike ventral spine; hooplike thorax, short abdomen, and broad abdominal skirt with netlike pore frames that become wider distally. Description.Test approximately conical with wide postabdominal skirt. Cephalis hemispherical to dome-shaped, poreless with robust, long, needlelike, pointed apical spine. Ventral spine shorter than apical spine, needlelike, circular in axial section, pointed. Both collar and lumbar strictures deep, poreless. Thorax wider than cephalis, hooplike with netlike small polygonal pore frames. Abdomen flaring to broad abdominal skirt. Skirt possesses netlike pore frames with circular to subellipsoidal pores. Size of pores on abdominal skirt increase distally. Distalmost part of abdominal skirt poreless, smooth. Etymology.Dedicated to Spela Gorican (Paleontoloski Institut Ivana Rakovca, Ljubljana, Slovenia) in honor of her contributions to the knowledge of Mesozoic Radiolaria. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–027 (Fig. 5.11); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–028 (Fig. 5.12), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 029. 2003/TEMO 1–030. Measurements.Based on the four type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of test (excluding horn) Width of skirt

110 140

108 124

120 142

115 133

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Goestlingella goricanae differs from G. illyrica Kozur, 1984 in having a broader thorax, more distinct, poreless lumbar stricture, and longer abdominal skirt. It differs from Goestlingella pseudoillyrica n. sp. in having a slender test, smaller

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cephalis, less wide thorax, and a distinct and poreless lumbar stricture. It is also distinguished from G. cordevolica in having a broader cephalis, and shorter and more slender test. GOESTLINGELLA PSEUDOILLYRICA new species Figure 5.13, 5.14 Diagnosis.Conical test consisting of dome-shaped cephalis with long tricarinate apical horn; wider bell-shaped thorax; short abdomen and flaring broad abdominal skirt with approximately uniform netlike pore frames. Description.Test approximately conical with wide abdominal skirt. Cephalis subconical to dome-shaped, proximal part poreless, distal part with scattered small and circular pores. Apical horn long, tricarinate with wide ridges and deep grooves. Collar stricture prominent with pores. Thorax wider than cephalis, bellshaped with netlike hexagonal pore frames and large subcircular pores. Short abdomen flaring to broad abdominal skirt. Both abdomen and abdominal skirt with same pore frames as thorax. Distal part of abdominal skirt smooth. Etymology.Latin pseudo, false; illyrica, the epithet of a similar species. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–031 (Fig. 5.13); paratype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–032 (Fig. 5.14). Measurements.Based on the two type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of test (excluding horn) Width of skirt

140 170

140 160

150 170

145 165

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Goestlingella pseudoillyrica differs from G. subsphaerica Kozur and Mostler, 1981 in having the cephalis without a vertical horn, and larger pore frames on the thorax, abdomen, and abdominal skirt. It differs from G. illyrica in having a long test, wider thorax and abdomen, and abdominal skirt with larger, prominent netlike hexagonal pore frames. It is compared to Goestlingella goricanae n. sp. under that name (see above). Genus HAECKELICYRTIUM Kozur and Mostler, 1979 emend. Carter, 1993 Type species.Haeckelicyrtium austriacum Kozur and Mostler, 1979. HAECKELICYRTIUM? SPINOSUM Kozur and Mostler, 1979 Figure 5.15 Haeckelicyrtium? spinosum KOZUR fig. 4.

AND

MOSTLER, 1979, p. 99, pl. 18,

Material examined.Nine specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper Ladinian–Upper Triassic; middle Carnian; Goestling, Austria; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Family HINEDORCIDAE Kozur and Mostler, 1981 Genus HINEDORCUS Dumitrica, Kozur, and Mostler, 1980 Type species.Hinedorcus alatus Dumitrica, Kozur, and Mostler, 1980.

← FIGURE 5—Scanning electron micrographs of the upper Ladinian Nassellaria from sample 88–272 collected near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. 1, 2, Bulbocyrtium cordevolicum Kozur and Mostler, 1981, scale bar 5 80 mm; 3–5, Bulbocyrtium? longobardicum n. sp. 3, Holotype, scale bar 5 110 mm, 4, 5, paratypes, scale bar 5 110 mm, and 120 mm, respectively. 6, 7, Canoptum inornatum Tekin, 1999, scale bar 5 80 mm, and 100 mm, respectively; 8–10, Deflandrecyrtium sp., scale bar for all figures 5 100 mm; 11, 12, Goestlingella goricanae n. sp. 11, Holotype, scale bar 5 65 mm, 12, paratype, scale bar 5 85 mm; 13, 14, Goestlingella pseudoillyrica n. sp. 13, Holotype, scale bar 5 65 mm, 14, Paratype, scale bar 5 65 mm. 15, Haeckelicyrtium? spinosum Kozur and Mostler, 1979, scale bar 5 100 mm.

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JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY, V. 79, NO. 1, 2005 HINEDORCUS GIBBER Tekin, 1999 Figure 6.1

Hinedorcus gibber TEKIN, 1999, p. 146–147, pl. 32, figs. 5, 6.

Material examined.Five specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; Antalya, Turkey; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Family MONICASTERICIDAE Kozur and Mostler, 1994 Genus MONICASTERIX Kozur and Mostler, 1994 Type species.Monicasterix alpina Kozur and Mostler, 1994. MONICASTERIX ORNATA new species Figure 6.2 Diagnosis.Spindle-shaped tetracyrtid test consisting of hemiglobular cephalis with tricarinate apical horn and multicarinate horns in prolongations of V, 2L, 2l; cephalis, thorax, and abdomen with double-layered pore frame structures; inverse trapezoidal thorax, abdomen, and postabdominal segment; postabdominal segment constricted medially then poreless with smooth and flaring distal end. Description.Test tetracyrtid, spindle-shaped with flaring distal segment. Cephalis large, hemiglobular with broad, prominent apical horn. Apical horn tricarinate with wide ridges and deep grooves. Basal part of ridges bifurcated. Broad, short, multicarinate horns present in prolongations of V, 2L, 2l. Surface of cephalis has ridges. Cephalis, thorax, and abdomen have double-layered pore frame structures. Outer layer consists of large polygonal pore frames with nodes at joints. Inner layer consists of small, polygonal (mainly trigonal) pore frames with circular to subellipsoidal pores. All strictures prominent, marked by deep depressions. Thorax, abdomen, and postabdominal segment inverse trapezoidal in outline with unperforated circumferential ridge in proximal part then decreasing in width distally. Postabdominal segment contains polygonal (mainly hexagonal) pore frames with subcircular to subelliptical pores. Postabdominal segment constricted medially then poreless with smooth, flaring distal end. Etymology.Latin ornata, ornamental, adorned. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–033 (Fig. 6.2); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–034, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–035. Measurements.Based on the three type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of test (excluding horn) Width of distal end

153 106

153 103

157 132

155 113

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Monicasterix ornata differs from M. alpina in having a wider medial part, more prominent circumferential ridges on the thorax, abdomen, and postabdominal segment, and distally flaring segment. It differs from Monicasterix parvisegmentata n. sp. in possessing a spindle-shaped outline with inflated medial part instead of a subcylindrical outline. It is compared to Monicasterix pulchra n. sp. under that name (see below). MONICASTERIX

new species Figure 6.3, 6.4 Diagnosis.Subcylindrical, tetracyrtid test with large cephalis bearing prominent tricarinate apical horn and multicarinate horns in prolongations of V, 2L, 2l; cephalis, thorax, abdomen with double-layered pore frame structure; inverse trapezoidal thorax, abdomen, and postabdominal segments of similar width; postabdominal segment with small, polygonal pore frames; distal end smooth, poreless and widened distally. PARVISEGMENTATA

Description.Test approximately subcylindrical, tetracyrtid with wide, flaring distal end. Cephalis large, hemiglobular with apical horn. Apical horn broad, prominent, pointed, tricarinate with wide ridges and deep grooves, ridges bifurcated at basal part. Broad, short, multicarinate horns present in prolongations of V, 2L, 2l. Thorax, as with cephalis and abdomen, possesses doublelayered pore frame structure. Outer layer of meshwork consists of large, polygonal (mainly pentagonal and hexagonal) pore frames with nodes at pore frame vertices. Inner layer of meshwork consists of polygonal (mainly trigonal) pore frames with small, subcircular to subellipsoidal pores. All strictures distinct, represented by deep depressions. Thorax, abdomen, and postabdominal segment of similar width, concave in outline with prominent, poreless, thin circumferential ridge at proximal part then decreasing in width. Postabdominal segment with small, polygonal pore frames, partly covered by microgranular silica. Distal end smooth, poreless, widened distally, distalmost part subellipsoidal in outline. Etymology.Latin parvus, small; Latin segmantata, segmented. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–036 (Fig. 6.3); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–037 (Fig. 6.4), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 038, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–039, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–040. Measurements.Based on the four type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of test (excluding horn) Width of distal end

133 103

130 103

143 111

136 107

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Monicasterix parvisegmentata differs from M. gabiolaensis Kozur and Mostler, 1994 in having more prominent horns in the prolongations of V, 2L, and 2l, a wider medial part (thorax, abdomen, and postabdominal segment), and highly flaring distal end. It also differs from Lower Ladinian Monicasterix species in having a flaring distal end. It is compared to Monicasterix ornata n. sp. under that name (see below). MONICASTERIX sp. aff. M. PARVISEGMENTATA new species Figure 6.5 Material examined.One specimen. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.The single reported specimen differs from the holotype of M. parvisegmentata n. sp. in having wider a medial part (thorax, abdomen, and postabdominal segment). MONICASTERIX PULCHRA new species Figure 6.6–6.9 Diagnosis.Elongated, spindle-shaped, tetracyrtid test consisting of hemispherical cephalis with broad, tricarinate apical horn and short, multicarinate horns in the prolongations of V, 2L, 2l; cephalis, thorax, and abdomen with double-layered pore frame structures; inverse subtrapezoidal thorax, abdomen and postabdominal segment; mainly poreless postabdominal segment; last segment smooth, distally highly widened, in some specimens with three short triangular feet on border. Description.Test tetracyrtid, slender, approximately elongate spindle-shaped with highly flaring distal end. Cephalis hemispherical with broad, slightly inclined apical horn. Apical horn tricarinate with relatively thin ridges and wide grooves. Short, multicarinate horns present in prolongations of V, 2L, and 2l. Cephalis, thorax, and abdomen with double-layered pore frame structures. Outer layer of meshwork consisting of large, polygonal pore frames. Inner layer of meshwork consisting of small, polygonal

TEKIN AND MOSTLER—MIDDLE TRIASSIC (LONGOBARDIAN) RADIOLARIANS (mainly pentagonal) pore frames with mainly subcircular pores. Thorax, abdomen, and postabdominal segment inverse subtrapezoidal in outline. Proximal parts of these segments have very thin, poreless circumferential ridges, the size of segments decreasing distally. Postabdominal segment mainly covered by microgranular silica; originally with polygonal pore frames at proximal part. Distal part poreless, smooth, highly widened distally and in three specimens with three short triangular feet. Etymology.Latin pulchra, beautiful, fair, lovely. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–041 (Fig. 6.6); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–042 (Fig. 6.7), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 043 (Fig. 6.8), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–044 (Fig. 6.9). Measurements.Based on the four type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of test (excluding horn) Width of distal end

123 133

120 117

142 133

129 125

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Monicasterix pulchra differs from M. alpina and other Lower Ladinian Monicasterix species in having a long and distally highly flaring distal end. It is distinguished from Monicasterix ornata n. sp. by possessing a slender test, less prominent horns in the prolongation of V, 2L, 2l, and a wider, flaring distal segment, sometimes with short triangular feet. Family NABOLELLIDAE Kozur and Mostler, 1979 Genus NABOLELLA Petrushevskaya, 1981 Type species.Squinabolella longispinosa Kozur and Mostler, 1979. NABOLELLA

new species Figure 7.1–7.3 Diagnosis.Test consists of large cephalis with short, tricarinate apical horn; thorax hat-shaped; cephalis and thorax with double-layered pore frame structures; distally flaring thoracic skirt with single layer of pores and three very short, needlelike basal feet at distal border. Description.Test dicyrtid with wide thoracic skirt. Cephalis large with short, tricarinate apical horn. Thorax hat-shaped. Wall of cephalis and thorax thick with elevated outer polygonal pore frames. Nodes present at pore frame vertices. Inner layer of meshwork consists of smaller, trigonal to hexagonal (mainly pentagonal) pore frames with subcircular to subellipsoidal pores. Thoracic skirt wide, flaring distally, consisting of single layer of circular to subellipsoidal pores of different size. Three long, rodlike spines as prolongations of D and 2L mainly visible on surface of thoracic skirt and extended as pointed, needlelike basal feet beyond margin of thoracic skirt. Etymology.Latin brevis, short; Latin spinosus, spiny. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–052 (Fig. 7.1); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–053 (Fig. 7.2), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 054 (Fig. 7.3), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–055, GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 056. Measurements.Based on the five type specimens (in mm): BREVISPINOSA

HT Min. Max. Av. Length of test (excluding horn and basal feet) Width of distal end

150

150

180

167

209

187

210

199

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Nabolella brevispinosa differs from N. illyrica (Kozur and Mostler, 1981, p. 102, pl. 15, fig. 1) in having a

9

shorter apical horn and three short basal feet instead of six to seven long basal feet. It differs from Nabolella crenulata n. sp. in having a shorter and less prominent apical horn and the presence of basal feet. It is compared to N. trispinata n. sp. under that name (see below). NABOLELLA CRENULATA new species Figure 6.10–6.12 Diagnosis.Test of large, hemispherical cephalis with prominent, tricarinate apical horn; cephalis and thorax have doublelayered pore frame structures; inflated, hat-shaped thorax flaring to thoracic skirt with single layer of pores and three moderately long, rodlike spines forming basal feet. Description.Test dicyrtid with thoracic skirt. Cephalis large, globular with long apical horn. Apical horn prominent, pointed, tricarinate with thin ridges and wide grooves. Collar stricture not prominent. Thorax hat-shaped, large, inflated proximally, slightly constricted distally, then wide thoracic skirt flaring distally. Cephalis and thorax have double-layered pore frame structures. Outer layer of meshwork consists of polygonal pore frames. Large, prominent nodes present at pore frame vertices. Inner layer of meshwork consists of smaller, polygonal (mainly pentagonal) pore frames with subcircular to subellipsoidal pores. Thoracic skirt has single layer of circular to ellipsoidal pores of different size. Three long, rodlike spines as prolongations of D and 2L mainly present on thoracic skirt. They form three moderately long, needlelike basal feet. Thoracic velum very short. Etymology.Latin crenulata, ribbed. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–045 (Fig. 6.11); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–046 (Fig. 6.10), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 047 (Fig. 6.12), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–048. Measurements.Based on the four type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of test (excluding horn and basal feet) Width of distal end

150

150

175

158

210

205

215

209

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Nabolella crenulata differs from N. illyrica in possessing a massive, longer tricarinate apical horn and three feet at the distal end, instead of a needlelike apical horn and six to seven feet at the distal end. It is compared to Nabolella brevispinosa n. sp. and N. trispinata n. sp. under these names (see above and below). NABOLELLA TRISPINATA new species Figure 6.13, 6.14 Diagnosis.Test has large cephalis with tricarinate apical horn; hat-shaped thorax and cephalis with double-layered pore frame structures; wide thoracic skirt mainly poreless with three long, rodlike feet at distal end. Description.Test dicyrtid with wide thoracic skirt. Cephalis large with tricarinate apical horn. Thorax hat-shaped with same double-layered pore frame structure as for cephalis. Outer layer of meshwork of cephalis and thorax consists of large, elevated pore frames with nodes at pore frame vertices. Inner layer of meshwork comprises smaller, polygonal (mainly trigonal) pore frames with subellipsoidal pores. Thoracic skirt wide, smooth, and poreless except for rare, scattered pores on proximal part. Three long, rodlike spines as prolongations of D and 2L, are traceable on surface of thoracic skirt then extend into three long, needlelike basal feet. Etymology.Latin tri, three; Latin spinata, spiny.

10


TEKIN AND MOSTLER—MIDDLE TRIASSIC (LONGOBARDIAN) RADIOLARIANS Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–049 (Fig. 6.13); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–050 (Fig. 6.14), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 051. Measurements.Based on the three type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of test (excluding horn and basal feet) Width of distal end

230

210

230

222

240

220

240

233

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Nabolella trispinata differs from N. longispinosa (Kozur and Mostler, 1979, p. 95, pl. 19, fig. 2) in having a mainly smooth and poreless thoracic skirt and three feet instead of six to eight feet. It differs from both Nabolella crenulata n. sp. and N. brevispinosa n. sp. in having a wider, mainly poreless thoracic skirt instead of a porous skirt and shorter feet. Family PLANISPINOCYRTIIDAE Kozur and Mostler, 1981 Genus LADINOCAMPE Kozur, 1984 Type species.Ladinocampe multiperforata Kozur, 1984. LADINOCAMPE DINARICA new species Figure 7.4–7.8 Diagnosis.Slender conical test with conical cephalis bearing tricarinate apical horn, columella-like spine in the prolongation of V extending to second postabdominal segment; thorax and collar stricture with short, broad, tricarinate spines in prolongations of 2L and 2l; hooplike thorax, abdomen and first postabdominal segment with scattered small pores; broad, porous second postabdominal segment flaring to wide skirt with four to five rings of pores. Description.Shell approximately slender, conical, with two postabdominal segments and distal skirt. Cephalis conical, poreless with massive, tricarinate, pointed apical horn. Very long, columella-like spine present in prolongation V and continues to second postabdominal segment. Short, broad, tricarinate spines in prolongations of 2L and 2l present on thorax or collar stricture. Thorax, abdomen, and first postabdominal segment hooplike with scattered small pores, and separated from each other by relatively shallow constrictions. Second postabdominal segment broader and wider than previous segments, with larger, subcircular to subelliptical pores. It flares to a wide skirt with four or five rings of large, subelliptical pores. Ring of pores at distalmost part of skirt smaller than previous rings of pores on skirt. Etymology.Named for its occurrence in the Dinarides. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–057 (Fig. 7.4); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–058 (Fig. 7.5), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 059 (Fig. 7.6), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–060 (Fig. 7.7), GPU 2003/ TEMO 1–061 (Fig. 7.8), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–062, GPU 2003/ TEMO 1–063. Measurements.Based on the seven type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of test (excluding horn) Width of distal end

160 160

144 148

168 176

155 161

11

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Ladinocampe dinarica differs from L. latiannulata Kozur and Mostler, 1994 in possessing a broader test, fewer segments, and a wide, distinct distal skirt. Genus PLANISPINOCYRTIS Kozur and Mostler, 1981 Type species.Planispinocyrtis baloghi Kozur and Mostler, 1981. PLANISPINOCYRTIS? GABIOLAENSIS Kozur and Mostler, 1994 Figure 7.9, 7.10 Planispinocyrtis? gabiolaensis KOZUR AND MOSTLER, 1994, p. 95, pl. 23, fig. 13; KELLICI AND DE WEVER, 1995, p. 157, pl. 5, fig. 3.

Material examined.Twenty-three specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; lower Ladinian–upper upper Ladinian; Recoaro, Vicentinian Alps (Italy); Marmolada Massif, northern Italy; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). PLANISPINOCYRTIS HAECKELI Kozur and Mostler, 1994 Figure 7.11, 7.12 Planispinocyrtis haeckeli KOZUR AND MOSTLER, 1994, p. 96, pl. 24, figs. 1–3.

Material examined.Seventeen specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; middle lower Ladinian–upper upper Ladinian; Tretto, Vicentinian Alps, Italy; Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Genus SPINOTRIASSOCAMPE Kozur, 1984 Type species.Spinotriassocampe hungarica Kozur, 1984. SPINOTRIASSOCAMPE LONGOBARDICA Kozur and Mostler, 1994 Figure 8.1, 8.2 Triassocampe? sp. F YAO, 1982, pl. 1, fig. 10. Triassocampe? sp. F YAO, MATSUOKA, AND NAKATANI, 1982, pl. 1, fig. 9. Spinotriassocampe longobardica KOZUR AND MOSTLER, 1994, p. 106, pl. 26, figs. 8, 11, 12, 14; pl. 27, figs. 4, 6, 8; KELLICI AND DE WEVER, 1995, p. 160, pl. 6, fig. 12; TEKIN, 1999, p. 151, pl. 34, figs. 5, 6. ?Spinotriassocampe carnica AUCT. NON KOZUR AND MOSTLER GR. SUGIYAMA, 1997, p. 187, fig. 49–3.

Material examined.Eight specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper Ladinian; Inuyama area and questionably from Mino Terrane, central Japan; Koveskal, Balaton Highland, Hungary; Marmolada Massif, northern Italy; Antalya, Turkey; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). SPINOTRIASSOCAMPE PRAECARNICA new species Figure 8.3, 8.4 Diagnosis.Multicyrtid, long, slender conical test consisting of small, poreless cephalis with short to moderately long, needlelike apical horn, and two extremely long, needlelike lateral horns; hooplike thorax and successive segments inflated distally except last one; thorax poreless; abdomen and postabdominal segments with single elevated ring of pores.

← FIGURE 6—Scanning electron micrographs of the upper Ladinian Nassellaria from sample 88–272 collected near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. 1, Hinedorcus gibber Tekin, 1999, scale bar 5 50 mm; 2, Monicasterix ornata n. sp. Holotype, scale bar 5 65 mm; 3, 4, Monicasterix parvisegmentata n. sp. 3, Holotype, scale bar 5 65 mm, 4, paratype, scale bar 5 65 mm. 5, Monicasterix sp. aff. P. parvisegmentata n. sp., scale bar 5 60 mm; 6–9, Monicasterix pulchra n. sp. 6, Holotype, scale bar 5 65 mm, 7–9, paratypes, scale bar 5 65 mm, 65 mm, and 60 mm, respectively. 10–12, Nabolella crenulata n. sp. 11, Holotype, scale bar 5 100 mm, 10, 12, paratypes, scale bar 5 100 and 90 mm, respectively. 13, 14, Nabolella trispinata n. sp. 13, Holotype, scale bar 5 100 mm, 14, paratype, scale bar 5 100 mm.

12


TEKIN AND MOSTLER—MIDDLE TRIASSIC (LONGOBARDIAN) RADIOLARIANS Description.Test multicyrtid, long, slender conical with six to seven postabdominal segments. Cephalis small, subspherical, smooth, poreless with short to moderately long, needlelike, tapering apical horn. Two lateral horns, extremely long, needlelike, perpendicular to cephalis in proximal part, then curved in distal direction. All strictures prominent, wide, and deep, poreless. Thorax and successive segments hooplike, gradually increasing in width distally except last segment. Last segment slightly decreasing in width. Thorax smooth, mainly poreless. Abdomen and postabdominal segments with single elevated ring of pores. Pores on these segments circular to subcircular and small to medium in size. Etymology.Latin prae, before, in front; carnica, the specific epithet of a related species. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–064 (Fig. 8.3); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–065 (Fig. 8.4), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 066, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–067. Measurements.Based on the four type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of test (excluding horn) Max. width of test Length of apical horn Length of lateral spines

216 60 37 143

216 56 26 127

240 60 46 143

229 57 36 136

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Spinotriassocampe praecarnica differs from S. carnica Kozur and Mostler, 1994 in having a shorter test, shorter apical horn, and longer lateral horns; and from S. longobardica in having longer apical and lateral horns. Family PSEUDOSATURNIFORMIDAE Kozur and Mostler, 1979 Genus PSEUDOSATURNIFORMA Kozur and Mostler, 1979 emend. Type species.Pseudosaturniforma latimarginata Kozur and Mostler, 1979. Emended diagnosis.Test dicyrtid. Cephalis has tricarinate apical and lateral horns. Number of rodlike structures connecting cephalis with thoracic ring varies from six to eight. Discussion.Based on very rich material from Bosnia and Herzegovina, it is observed that specimens of Pseudosaturniforma have prominent apical and ventral horns and a number of rodlike structures between the cephalis and thoracic ring that can be up to eight and not always six as defined in the original description (Kozur and Mostler, 1979). PSEUDOSATURNIFORMA LADINICA new species Figure 8.5–8.13 Diagnosis.Test has subspherical to dome-shaped, porous cephalis with moderately long, tricarinate horn and short, tricarinate lateral horn; thorax conical, wheel-like; cephalis connected to thoracic ring with six to eight rodlike structures; circular to subcircular, wide, platy thoracic ring. Description.Dicyrtid test with large cephalis, conical, wheellike thorax and wide thoracic ring. Cephalis subspherical to domeshaped with very fine, scattered pores and apical and lateral horns. Apical horn slightly inclined, moderately long, distally tapering, pointed, tricarinate with thin ridges and relatively wide grooves.

13

Lateral horns shorter than apical horn, rapidly tapering distally to point, tricarinate with thin ridges and relatively wider grooves. Cephalis slightly constricted at distal end, then flaring in direction of thoracic ring. Thorax conical and wheel-like. Six to eight rodlike structures, circular to subcircular in axial section, connect cephalis with thoracic ring. Thoracic ring wide, platy, and circular to subcircular in outline. Etymology.Named for its occurrence in the Ladinian Stage. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–068 (Fig. 8.6); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–069 (Fig. 8.5), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 070 (Fig. 8.7), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–071 (Fig. 8.8), GPU 2003/ TEMO 1–072 (Fig. 8.9), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–073 (Fig. 8.10), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–074 (Fig. 8.11), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–075 (Fig. 8.12), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–076 (Fig. 8.13), GPU 2003/ TEMO 1–077. Measurements.Based on the 10 type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of cephalis (excluding horn) 64 Width of cephalis 60 External width of thoracic ring 175

45 52 156

66 66 250

61 58 199

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Pseudosaturniforma ladinica differs from Pseudosaturniforma carnica Kozur and Mostler, 1979 in having distinct apical and lateral horns, six to eight rodlike structures connecting the cephalis to thoracic ring instead of six, and a thoracic ring that is wide and flat instead of circular to subcircular. Family RUESTICYRTIIDAE Kozur and Mostler, 1979 Genus PARARUESTICYRTIUM Kozur and Mock in Kozur and Mostler, 1981 Type species.Pararuesticyrtium densiporatum Kozur and Mock in Kozur and Mostler, 1981. PARARUESTICYRTIUM CONIFORMIS new species Figure 9.1, 9.2 Diagnosis.Conical, multicyrtid test including poreless, domeshaped cephalis with very short apical and lateral horns; remainder of segments hooplike with mainly four netlike rings of pores, pores sometimes irregularly arranged; short, flaring abdominal skirt with large pores. Description.Test multicyrtid, conical, gradually increasing distally in width, with seven or eight postabdominal segments. Cephalis dome-shaped and poreless with rudimentary, very short apical horn and a lateral horn in prolongation of V. Collar, lumbar, and other strictures poreless, marked by deep depressions. Thorax, abdomen, and postabdominal segments hooplike with mainly four netlike rings of pores, pores sometimes irregularly arranged. Pores on segments circular to subcircular, their size increasing distally. Skirt short, flaring distally with larger, circular to subcircular pores and without terminal ring. Etymology.Latin, conus, cone; Latin formis, shaped. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–078 (Fig. 9.1); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–079 (Fig. 9.2), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 080. Measurements.Based on the three type specimens (in mm):

← FIGURE 7—Scanning electron micrographs of the upper Ladinian Nassellaria from sample 88–272 collected near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. 1–3, Nabolella brevispinosa n. sp. 1, Holotype, scale bar 5 90 mm, 2, 3 paratypes, scale bar 5 90 mm, and 80 mm, respectively. 4–8, Ladinocampe dinarica n. sp. 4, Holotype, scale bar 5 80 mm, 5–8, paratypes, scale bar for all figures 5 80 mm. 9, 10, Planispinocyrtis? gabiolaensis Kozur and Mostler, 1994, scale bar 5 110 and 100 mm, respectively. 11, 12, Planispinocyrtis haeckeli Kozur and Mostler, 1994, scale bar for both figures 5 100 mm. 13–16, Bulbocyrtium cordeyi n. sp. 13, Holotype, scale bar 5 80 mm, 14–16, paratypes, scale bar 5 80, 90, and 90 mm, respectively.

14


TEKIN AND MOSTLER—MIDDLE TRIASSIC (LONGOBARDIAN) RADIOLARIANS HT Min. Max. Av.

HT Min. Max. Av. Length of test Max. width of test (without skirt) Width of skirt

192 96 136

184 96 136

192 104 144

190 102 141

15

Length of test Max. width of test (without skirt) Width of skirt

283 137 217

270 132 185

290 138 218

279 136 205

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Pararuesticyrtium coniformis differs from P. densiporatum Kozur and Mostler, 1981, p. 94, pl. 16, fig. 1 in possessing a shorter, rudimentary apical horn and a horn in the prolongation of V, shorter and closely spaced segments, and a shorter skirt.

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Pararuesticyrtium? sanfilippoae differs from other species of the genus Pararuesticyrtium in possessing a very long, rodlike foot in the prolongation of probable V. Because of this feature, it is tentatively assigned to the genus Pararuesticyrtium.

PARARUESTICYRTIUM RARIPORATUM Kozur and Mostler, 1981 Figure 9.3, 9.4

Genus RUESTICYRTIUM Kozur and Mostler, 1979

Pararuesticyrtium rariporatum KOZUR AND MOSTLER, 1981, p. 94, 95, pl. 16, fig. 2; pl. 17, fig. 2; pl. 18, fig. 3.

Material examined.Fifteen specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian–Upper Triassic; middle Carnian; Goestling, Austria; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). PARARUESTICYRTIUM? SANFILIPPOAE new species Figure 9.5–9.8 Diagnosis.Elongated conical test consisting of small, subconical to dome-shaped, mainly poreless cephalis with very short apical horn, and long rodlike spine extending along surface of test until fifth or sixth postabdominal segment; hooplike, poreless thorax; hooplike abdomen and postabdominal segments with irregularly arranged pores except the last two segments; flared skirt at distal end having five rings of pores. Description.Shell elongated conical, widens slowly towards distal part with seven or eight postabdominal segments. Cephalis small, subconical to dome-shaped, mainly poreless, sometimes with rare, scattered pores and very short, rudimentary needlelike apical horn. Cephalic system not clear; spine in the prolongation of probable D very short, whereas spine in prolongation of probable V very long, rodlike, extends to fifth or sixth postabdominal segments to which it is connected by several bars. Both collar and lumbar strictures indistinct, marked only by shallow depressions, whereas other strictures represented by deep, poreless depressions. Thorax mainly poreless, smooth. Thorax and other segments hooplike, height of segments from thorax to fourth postabdominal segment short then gradually increasing distally. Abdomen and postabdominal segments with irregularly arranged pores except the last two segments where pores are disposed in transverse rows. Pore size gradually increases towards distal segments. Skirt flares distally with five rings of large, subcircular to subellipsoidal pores. Etymology.Dedicated to Annika Sanfilippo (Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, USA) in honor of her contributions to the study of Cretaceous and Tertiary Radiolaria. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–081 (Fig. 9.5); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–082 (Fig. 9.6), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 083 (Fig. 9.7), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–084 (Fig. 9.8). Measurements.Based on the four type specimens (in mm):

Type species.Ruesticyrtium rieberi Kozur and Mostler, 1979. RUESTICYRTIUM

Kozur and Mostler, 1979 Figure 9.9, 9.10

RIEBERI

Ruesticyrtium rieberi KOZUR pl. 20, fig. 2.

AND

MOSTLER, 1979, p. 101, pl. 14, fig. 5;

Material examined.Eighteen specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian–Upper Triassic; middle Carnian; Goestling, Austria; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). RUESTICYRTIUM sp. aff. R. RIEBERI Kozur and Mostler, 1979 Figure 9.11 aff. Ruesticyrtium rieberi KOZUR fig. 5; pl. 20, fig. 2.

AND

MOSTLER, 1979, p. 101, pl. 14,

Material examined.One specimen. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.The single reported specimen differs from the holotype of Ruesticyrtium rieberi in having wider postabdominal segments and skirt. RUESTICYRTIUM sp. Figure 9.12 Description.Test slender, elongated conical with four postabdominal segments and wide skirt. Cephalothorax poreless, subconical to dome-shaped. Collar stricture indistinct and poreless. Thorax to fourth postabdominal segments hooplike, slightly increasing in width distally. These segments have small circular to subcircular pores arranged irregularly or in three or four transverse rows. Lumbar and other strictures distinct, poreless. Skirt slightly widened at proximal part becoming increasingly widened towards the distal end. Skirt with large, netlike subcircular to subellipsoidal pores. Material examined.One specimen. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Ruesticyrtium sp. differs from Ruesticyrtium rieberi in having a more slender test and narrower skirt.

← FIGURE 8—Scanning electron micrographs of the upper Ladinian Nassellaria from sample 88–272 collected near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. 1, 2, Spinotriassocampe longobardica Kozur and Mostler, 1994, scale bar 5 100 mm. 3, 4, Spinotriassocampe praecarnica n. sp. 3, Holotype scale bar 5 65 mm, 4, paratype, scale bar 5 80 mm. 5–13, Pseudosaturniforma ladinica n. sp. 6, Holotype, scale bar 5 60 mm, 5, 7–13, paratypes, scale bar 5 60, 90, 90, 100, 90, 100, 100, and 65 mm, respectively.

16


TEKIN AND MOSTLER—MIDDLE TRIASSIC (LONGOBARDIAN) RADIOLARIANS Family SILICARMIGERIDAE Kozur and Mostler in Dumitrica et al., 1980 Genus SILICARMIGER Dumitrica, Kozur, and Mostler, 1980 Type species.Silicarmiger costatus Dumitrica, Kozur, and Mostler, 1980. SILICARMIGER

Kozur and Mostler, 1994 Figure 10.1

LATUS LATUS

Stichopterium(?) sp. A NAKASEKO AND NISHIMURA, 1979, p. 80, pl. 11, figs. 1(?), 3(?), 4. Silicarmiger aff. costatus DUMITRICA, KOZUR, AND MOSTLER, 1980. GORICAN AND BUSER, 1990, p. 156, pl. 10, fig. 9. Silicarmiger latus latus KOZUR AND MOSTLER, 1994, p. 119, pl. 34, figs. 3, 4, 9; pl. 35, figs. 2, 5. Silicarmiger latus KOZUR AND MOSTLER, 1994. SUGIYAMA, 1997, p. 187, fig. 49-27.

Material examined.Twenty specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; lower Ladinian–upper Ladinian; southwest and central Japan; Vrsic and Mokronog, Slovenia; Koveskal, Balaton Highland, Hungary; Antalya, Turkey; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). SILICARMIGERIDAE incertae sedis Figure 10.2 Description.Cephalis large, globular with roughened nodose surface. Apical horn, and lateral horns in the prolongations of probable 2l and V prominent, tricarinate at basal part and needlelike distally. Postcephalic part rugged, pierced by many pores, cylindrical shaped at proximal part then widened distally. Three long feet in the prolongations of probable D and 2L present at the surface of postcephalic part and especially visible at distal part. Material examined.One specimen. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Silicarmigeridae incertae sedis in this study differs from species of Silicarmiger in having prominent horns in the prolongations of probable 2l and V. It is distinguished from species of Spongosilicarmiger Kozur, 1984 in having an apical horn without a spongy cover. Family SPONGOLOPHOPHENIDAE Kozur and Mostler, 1994 Genus CONOSPONGOCYRTIS Kozur and Mostler, 1994 Type species.Conospongocyrtis cephaloconica Kozur and Mostler, 1994. CONOSPONGOCYRTIS BRAGINI new species Figure 10.3, 10.4 Diagnosis.Long, conical test consisting of mainly poreless, subconical cephalis with thin, needlelike apical horn; trapezoidal to subtrapezoidal thorax and successive segments with spongy, thick, discontinuous, vertical, horizontal, and oblique ridges; numerous short, needlelike spines at distal end of test. Description.Test long, conical widened steadily towards distal end with four or five postabdominal segments. Cephalis subconical, mainly poreless, with a long, thin, pointed, needlelike apical horn. Collar, lumbar, and other strictures marked only by

17

shallow depressions. Thorax and remainder of segments trapezoidal to subtrapezoidal in outline with thick, spongy wall. Outer surface of test partly consists of irregular, discontinuous, vertical, horizontal, and oblique ridges. Distal end of test has numerous short, needlelike spines. Etymology.Named for Nikita Yu. Bragin (Geological Institute of Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia) in honor of his contributions to the study of Mesozoic Radiolaria. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–085 (Fig. 10.3); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–086 (Fig. 10.4), GPU 2003/TEMO 1– 087. Measurements.Based on the three type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of test (excluding horn) Max. width of test

234 159

213 158

236 168

225 162

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Conospongocyrtis bragini differs from C. cephaloconica Kozur and Mostler, 1994, p. 126, pl. 38, figs. 6, 7, 9 in possessing a more slender test and a long, thin, needlelike apical horn. Family TRIASSOCAMPIDAE Kozur and Mostler, 1981 Genus ANNULOTRIASSOCAMPE Kozur in Kozur and Mostler, 1994 Type species.Annulotriassocampe baldii Kozur in Kozur and Mostler, 1994. ANNULOTRIASSOCAMPE EOLADINICA Kozur and Mostler, 1994 Figure 10.10, 10.11 Triassocampe sulovensis KOZUR AND MOCK IN KOZUR AND MOSTLER, 1981. GORICAN AND BUSER, 1990, p. 160, pl. 12, figs. 4, 5(?). Annulotriassocampe eoladinica KOZUR AND MOSTLER, 1994, p. 133, pl. 41, figs. 5, 6.

Material examined.Sixteen specimens. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; middle lower Ladinian–upper upper Ladinian; Slovenia; Tretto, Vicentinian Alps, Italy; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Family UNCERTAIN Genus CASTRUM Blome, 1984 Type species.Castrum perornatum Blome, 1984. CASTRUM BLOMEI new species Figure 10.12, 10.13 Castrum perornatum 43, figs. 13, 14?

AUCT. NON

BLOME, 1984. TEKIN, 1999, p. 177, pl.

Diagnosis.Long, multicyrtid, medially inflated test consisting of hemispherical to dome-shaped, hornless cephalis; thorax to eighth postabdominal segment subtrapezoidal in outline; ninth to eleventh postabdominal segments inverse subtrapezoidal in outline; circumferential ridges with massive, polygonal pore frames; irregular, tetragonal pore frames between circumferential ridges. Description.Test multicyrtid, long, with up to 11 postabdominal segments. Test slightly inflated until eighth postabdominal

← FIGURE 9—Scanning electron micrographs of the upper Ladinian Nassellaria from sample 88–272 collected near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. 1, 2, Pararuesticyrtium coniformis n. sp. 1, Holotype, scale bar 5 80 mm. 2, Paratype, scale bar 5 80 mm. 3, 4, Pararuesticyrtium rariporatum Kozur and Mostler, 1981, scale bar 5 80 mm; 5–8, Pararuesticyrtium? sanfilippoae n. sp. 5, Holotype, scale bar 5 85 mm, 6–8, paratypes, scale bar 5 100, 85, and 90 mm, respectively; 9, 10, Ruesticyrtium rieberi Kozur and Mostler, 1979, scale bar 5 65 and 100 mm, respectively; 11, Ruesticyrtium sp. aff. R. rieberi Kozur and Mostler, 1979, scale bar 5 65 mm; 12, Ruesticyrtium sp., scale bar 5 65 mm.

18


TEKIN AND MOSTLER—MIDDLE TRIASSIC (LONGOBARDIAN) RADIOLARIANS segment then slightly tapering distally. Cephalis hemispherical to dome-shaped, imperforate without horn. Collar stricture marked by a shallow constriction. Test partly imperforate until first postabdominal segment. Thorax up to eighth postabdominal segment subtrapezoidal in outline; ninth to eleventh postabdominal segments inverted subtrapezoidal in outline. Circumferential ridges between segments with massive, polygonal (mainly pentagonal) pore frames with subcircular pores of different size. Pore frames between circumferential ridges not uniform, irregular, mainly characterized by tetragonal pore frames with large ellipsoidal pores. Numerous trigonal pore frames with subcircular smaller pores present at last three segments. Etymology.Dedicated to Charles D. Blome (U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado, USA) in honor of his contributions to the knowledge of Triassic Radiolaria. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–091 (Fig. 10.12); paratype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–092 (Fig. 10.13), GPU 2003/TEMO 1–093. Measurements.Based on the four type specimens, of which only the holotype is complete (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of test Max. width of test

355 100

— 100

— 110

355 105

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; Antalya, Turkey; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Castrum blomei differs from Castrum perornatum in having a longer, more slender, medially wider test and irregular pore frames between circumferential ridges. CASTRUM sp. Figure 10.14 ?Dictyomitrella sp. B DE WEVER IN DE WEVER, SAN FILIPPO, RIEDEL, AND GRUBER, 1979, p. 90, pl. 5, fig. 17. ?Dictyomitrella sp. B DE WEVER, 1982, p. 299, pl. 47, fig. 10.

Description.Test multicyrtid, very long with 18 postabdominal segments. Test very gradually increasing in width distally. Cephalothorax hemispherical to dome-shaped, imperforate, and hornless. Test partly imperforate until second postabdominal segment. Thorax to last postabdominal segment inverted subtrapezoidal in outline. Circumferential ridges have polygonal (mainly trigonal and pentagonal) pore frames with small, subcircular pores. Pore frames between circumferential ridges non-uniform, irregular and mainly characterized by tetragonal pore frames with large, ellipsoidal pores. Material examined.One specimen. Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian–?Upper Triassic; lower Carnian; ?Karpenission, Greece; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Castrum sp. differs from C. perornatum in having a very slender test with more segments and irregular, nonuniform pore frames between circumferential ridges. It differs from Castrum blomei n. sp. in possessing a gradually widened, longer test with more segments.

19

Genus TRIASSOCYRTIUM Kozur and Mostler, 1979 Type species.Triassocyrtium hamatum Kozur and Mostler, 1979. TRIASSOCYRTIUM LONGUM new species Figure 10.5–10.8 Diagnosis.Elongated subcylindrical, slender, and multicyrtid test including subglobular, poreless cephalis with very short, tricarinate apical horn; subcylindrical thorax with three needlelike horns in the prolongations of V and 2l; two horns in the prolongations of 2l very short; horn in the prolongation of V very long; rest of segment uniform, subcylindrical to inverse trapezoidal in outline with one ring of pores. Description.Test long, very slender, elongated cylindrical with 17–19 postabdominal segments. Cephalis subglobular to dome-shaped, mainly poreless with very short, rudimentary, tricarinate apical horn. Collar stricture indistinct, only marked by a shallow depression. Thorax wider than cephalis, mainly poreless. Three needlelike horns in the prolongations of 2l and V present on thorax. Whereas horns in the prolongations of 2l are very short, horn in the prolongation of V is broad and long, slightly curved downward. Lumbar and following strictures deep, smooth, poreless. Abdomen and postabdominal segments approximately of same width and height, subcylindrical to inverted subtrapezoidal in outline. These segments have one ring of small circular to subcircular pores bordered by solid upper and lower ring in proximal part. Lower ring becomes indistinct on some segments. Distal part of these segments constricted, smooth, and poreless. Aperture at distal end small, circular. Etymology.Latin longum, long. Types.Holotype, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–088 (Fig. 10.5, 10.6); paratypes, GPU 2003/TEMO 1–089 (Fig. 10.7), GPU 2003/ TEMO 1–090 (Fig. 10.8). Measurements.Based on the three type specimens (in mm): HT Min. Max. Av. Length of test Max. width of test

436 50

436 50

455 54

446 51

Occurrence.Middle Triassic; upper upper Ladinian; near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (this study). Discussion.Triassocyrtium longum differs from Triassocyrtium hamatum Kozur and Mostler, 1979, p. 102, pl. 16, fig. 5 in having a longer test, uniform, subcylindrical to inverted subtrapezoidal abdomen and postabdominal segments with one row of transversal pores instead of a non-uniform, barrel-shaped abdomen and postabdominal segments with irregular pores. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Grateful thanks go to L. Krystyn (Vienna, Austria) for providing the radiolarian-bearing sample (88–272). The authors also wish to thank S. Gorican (Ljubljana, Slovenia) and P. Dumitrica (Bern, Switzerland) for reviewing the manuscript, and to M. Ercanoglu (Ankara, Turkey) for his technical help.

← FIGURE 10—Scanning electron micrographs of the upper Ladinian Nassellaria from sample 88–272 collected near Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. 1, Silicarmiger latus latus Kozur and Mostler, 1994, scale bar 5 130 mm; 2, Silicarmigeridae incertae sedis, scale bar 5 130 mm; 3, 4, Conospongocyrtis bragini n. sp; 3, holotype, scale bar 5 90 mm, 4, paratype, scale bar 5 90 mm. 5–8, Triassocyrtium longum n. sp. 5, 6, Holotype, 6, detail of proximal part of 5, scale bar 5 90 and 35 mm, respectively. 7, 8, Paratypes, scale bar 5 90 and 100 mm, respectively; 9, Annulotriassocampe sp., scale bar 5 80 mm; 10, 11, Annulotriassocampe eoladinica Kozur and Mostler, 1994, scale bar for both figures 5 100 mm; 12, 13, Castrum blomei n. sp. 12, Holotype, scale bar 5 100 mm, 13, paratype, scale bar 5 100 mm; 14, Castrum sp., scale bar 5 130 mm.

20

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