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Mapping children's geographies in the urban ...

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“ideal” mobility and “ideal” play and leisure agency. • capture .... play ball pleasant by car other children adults child-led green urban area. 4,3 swinging pleasant.
Mapping children’s geographies in the urban environment using a map-based questionnaire Frederico Lopes & Carlos Neto Laboratório de Comportamento Motor Faculdade de Motricidade Humana Universidade de Lisboa PORTUGAL

Motor Behavior Laboratory Faculty of Human Kinetics University of Lisbon

Child in the City 2014, Odense

Inspiration

softGIS Methodology (Aalto University-2005)

‘soft’ subjective data

+

‘hard’ objective GIS data

human experiences and everyday behavior in the physical environment

MARKETTA KYTTÄ

softGIS Children Kyttä et al. 2012 Revealing children’s environmental experiences, active behavioral patterns, meaningful places and perceived health in the urban environment Child in the City 2014, Odense

Ongoing PhD study

Children’s Independent Mobility

SoftGIS Children (maptionnaire) Ideal City: a game of graphic imagination!

Physical environment (taxonomy)

Multidimensional affordances Likeability of place Mobility

child-place interaction daily & ideally Children’s perspective

“City’s environmental interactive richness” Child in the City 2014, Odense

Data collection instrument

Ideal City: a game of graphic imagination! • digital language (children’s cultures) • computer game like usability

• relevant content for children’s lives • “ideal” mobility and “ideal” play and leisure agency • capture children’s suggestions Child-friendly methodology Child in the City 2014, Odense

Data collection instrument

• age, gender, bicycle and car ownership and house type • home-school and other trajectories • environmental fears • meaningful interactions/ place/affordances • place likeability • travel type and accompaniment to places • play and leisure (child lead or adult lead)

daily& ideally

Child in the City 2014, Odense

Meaningful interactions and places MULTIDIMENSIONAL AFFORDANCES (CHILD-CITY PLACES) SOCIAL

PLAY

LEISURE

EMOTIONAL

alone conflicts be myself be with friends …

skating cycling jumping building things …

cinema library play computer concerts …

boring quiet safe fun …

“place-mark” on map Child in the City 2014, Odense

Marking affordances (daily and ideally)

PLACE LIKEABILITY: pleasant, unpleasant , or both

MOBILITY: on my own/with adults/with friends on foot/by car/by bus/by other

PLAY and LEISURE: free (do as I like) organized ( by adults/organizations) Child in the City 2014, Odense

Data collection West Lisbon (city) Beta version of SoftGIS (21) Data collection (50 +/-) Coastal Area of Lisbon (Oeiras) SoftGIS Validation (5) Data collection (50 +/-) East Lisbon (city) Next data collection (120+/-) Participants: 6th to 9th grade (11-15 years old) Child in the City 2014, Odense

Case study results

OEIRAS (urban)

Girl 13 years old Middle class

Lives in a flat Owns a bicycle Family owns a car Child in the City 2014, Odense

Case study results: meaningful places in the real city activities centre (leisure)

other trajectory

school

home-school trajectory

home

shopping (leisure)

cinema (leisure)

be with friends (social)

home

Child in the City 2014, Odense

Case study results: meaningful places in the real city

home

library (leisure)

be myself (social)

be in peace and quiet (social) play with sand/earth (play)

Child in the City 2014, Odense

Case study results: meaningful places in the real city

home swimming (play) polluted (emotional)

skating (play) swinging (play)

hide and catch (play)

Child in the City 2014, Odense

Case study results: meaningful places in the real city

home

play ball (play) climbing (play)

fun (emotional) good place to be (emotional)

museums/ exhibitions (emotional)

Child in the City 2014, Odense

Case study results: meaningful social places in the real city Social Affordances

Place Type of Accompaniment likeability travel

Be in peace and quiet

pleasant

Be myself

pleasant

on foot alone by car other children adults on foot adults

Be with friends

pleasant

on foot other children

Territory typology

Territorial range (km)

residential area

0

riverside area 0,9 (special use- beach) green urban area

1,6

Active mode of travel and autonomy Distinct geographies distinct affordances (same type) Child in the City 2014, Odense

Case study results: meaningful emotional places in the real city Emotional Affordances good place to be pollluted

fun

Place likeability pleasant

Type of travel by car

pleasant on foot unpleasant pleasant by car

Accompaniment

Territory typology

adults

special use of 10,6 equipment area riverside area 0,2 (special use- beach) special use of equipment area 4,2 (urban park)

adults

Territorial range (km)

Non-active mode of travel and lack of autonomy Distinct geographies distinct affordances

Child in the City 2014, Odense

Case study results: meaningful play places in the real city Play affordances

Place likeability

Type of travel

Accompaniment Play agency

hide and catch play ball

pleasant

on foot

other children

child-led

pleasant

by car

child-led

swinging

pleasant

on foot

other children adults other children

skating

pleasant

on foot by bicycle other (active) on foot by bicycle

other children adults

child-led

other children adults

child-led

other children adults other children adults

child-led

play with sand/earth

pleasant

climbing

pleasant

by car

swimming

pleasant

on foot

Active mode of travel, autonomy Child-agency Same geographies distinct affordances)

child-led

child-led

Territory typology

Territorial range (km)

green urban area

0,2

green urban area

4,3

green urban area

0,2

riverside area (special use- promenade)

3,2

riverside area (special use- beach)

0,9

green urban area riverside area (special use- beach)

4,3 0,2

Child in the City 2014, Odense

Case study results: meaningful leisure places in the real city Leisure affordances

Place Type of likeability travel

Accompaniment

Leisure agency

Leisure centre shopping

pleasant

on foot

adult-lead

pleasant

by car

other children adults other children adults other children adults

child-lead

cinema

pleasant

by car

child-lead

library

pleasant

by car

adults

child-lead

museums and exhibitions

pleasant

by car

adults

child-lead

Territory typology

Territorial range (km)

school

0,7

economic activities area

1,8

economic activities area

1,9

central area

1,4

special use of equipment area

10,7

Non-active mode of travel and lack of autonomy Child-agency Distinct geographies distinct affordances

Child in the City 2014, Odense

Case study results: main findings In the real city…

Home-school itinerary goes to school by car returns home on foot goes to school in the company of adults and children returns home in the company of children adult fear on the home-school journey

Child in the City 2014, Odense

Case study results: main findings In the real city… 19 meaningful places (including the home location): 3 S.A. ; 7 P.A. ; 5 L.A. ; 3 E.A. 13 affordances actualized (2km territorial range ) maximum nº of affordances (play and leisure types) autonomy and active travel modes to most social and play places likeability of places: pleasant, except for one case “being in peace and quiet” is actualized in the home place play affordances (green area and beach) child-led play except at the leisure centre place

Child in the City 2014, Odense

Case study results: main findings In the ideal city… school-home journey (on foot and with other children) “being in peace and quiet” and “be myself (bicycle) “be myself” (accompanied by other children ) “climbing” (car and bicycle) “cinema” (on foot and just with other children) “fun” (with other children)

“polluted “(with other children and with adults) “polluted” (pleasant). child-led play and leisure agency Child in the City 2014, Odense

Case study results: main conclusions Real city: high level of autonomy, active mobility and ludic interactive richness

Ideal city: more autonomy and use the bicycle more often.

Brendan Esposito (SMH, 2007)

Frederico Lopes, Genebra, 2013

Distinct urban geographies are relevant for the actualization of different affordances from the same type of interaction.

Some urban geographies afford the actualization of different category of affordances, namely, “green urban area” and “riverside area (special use-beach)”. Child in the City 2014, Odense

We claim and propose… Urban physical settings are simultaneously prone to diversity of affordances within the same category and to affordances of different categories. Urban geographies have different layers of interaction that allow the actualization of multidimensional affordances.

Physical environment SoftGIS methodology Mobility “City’s environmental interactive richness” model

Multidimensional affordances

Likeability of place

Tools to assess the city’s childfriendliness Child in the City 2014, Odense

Moreover…

SoftGIS Methodology

“City’s environmental interactive richness” model Dima Vazinovich , 2011

Urban planning of city

Public participation of children

Public policies for children Play Mobility Physical activity Health Public space

Art. 12 CRC Art. 31 CRC Child in the City 2014, Odense

THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

[email protected] Acknowledgements Carlos Neto Rosa Madeira Rita Cordovil Raquel Saraiva Marketä Kyttä Kristoffer Snabb Eddie Hausner, 1967

Child in the City 2014, Odense