Mechanical Properties of Acrylonitrile - Butadiene ...

Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology and Application Volume 2, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Mechanical Properties of Acrylonitrile - Butadiene Rubber Reinforced by Cement Waste Ali I. Al-Mosawi1*, Mohammed H. Al-Maamori 2, Shaymaa Abbas Abdulsada3 1

2

Free Consultation, Babylon, Iraq College of Engineering Materials, Babylon University, Iraq 3 University of Kufa, Collage of Engineering, Iraq

Abstract The basic idea of this paper is to prepare and study the composite rubber material for the manufacturing of an important part in the grain transportation systems in silos of general company for grain trade namely rablat, where it was the experience of this rablat manufactured in the new silo of Hilla / Babylon province for a period of eight months in winches and vector chain where fully proven. In this paper, manufacturing rablat of rubber material and other supported by brass bosh from Acrylonitrile - butadiene rubber (NBR) and reinforced by two materials first cement waste from the southern General Company for Cement emerging as a result of incidental to the process of calcination and grinding stone in depositing the oven and that has been added by (0-40 pphr) with (1μm) grain size, and second silica extracted from the husks of rice which adding with a fixed amount (20 pphr) and (10μm) grain size. Mechanical testes were done before and after the addition of cement powder residue and rice husks to rubber by Tansometer to measure the adhesion. The results show that the rubber material developed and manufactured in this research are consistent with the mechanical properties of the original model with improved qualities in general. Keywords: NBR, mechanical properties, cement waste

*Author for Correspondence E-mail: [email protected]

INTRODUCTION Elastomers used currently in a wide range of applications, such as cable and wire and cars, due to its light weight, ease of maintenance and processing, high toughness and low manufacturing costs [1]. However it was usually applied in filling case since it was discovered strengthen rubber with carbon black for a century ago as the tires and conveyor belts and other industry applications [2].

Elastomers different from the other polymers where owns a private characteristics, such as ability to deformation when exposed to stress and then restore the original dimensions quickly after the removal of those stresses [5], and can improve its mechanical characteristics dramatically such as flexibility and resistance to dissolution and the swelling presence of heat and conditions appropriate vulcanization [6 ].

The fillers including carbon black, silica, resins, calcium oxide, calcium carbonate and other stimulant, which increases the strength of vulcanized rubber more than ten times [3]. Fillers help to use high temperatures to strengthen as it works to reduce the degree of active substances emitted by reducing heat, fillings as well as working to reduce the tendency of the polymer cracking during hardening in addition to shorthand the proportion of deflation and help to produce a soft molded surface [4].

Raw rubber and being in plastic formula where it's just to be exposed to the force ,the polymeric chains will slip toward each other and changed its shape and does not return to its original shape when you remove the acting force. However, this situation completely changed after the addition of filler material that serves as a chemical link between the polymeric chains [7], but this intermittent chain become associated with full correlation three-

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Mechanical Properties of Acrylonitrile - Butadiene

Ali I.Al-Mosawi et al.

dimensional inside piece vulcanizing, if it is exposed to the power they change shape and return immediately to normal after [8]. Utalma demise influential force consisted rubber on

the bonds of unsaturated can vulcanizing using sulfur and accelerated in accordance with the mechanism set out in Figure 1 [9].

Fig.1: Vulcanization Mechanism [10]. Table 1: Materials Content in the Rubber Batch. Compounding ingredients

pphr

NBR

100

Carbon black

0-40

Zinc oxide

3

Stearic acid

1

Dop

1

TMTD

1.5

Antioxidant

1.5

Sulfur

1.5

Cement waste

0-40

Silica from rice husk

20

MATERIALS AND METHODS Materials: Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), Cement waste, Silica extracted from the husks of rice. Percentages of materials are shown in Table 1. The Batch: The batch was prepared from NBR with addition of some of materials, cement waste with (0-40pphr) and silica extracted from the husks of rice (20pphr). Mechanical Tests Adhesive Test: Test was carried out according to the (ASTM 2229) by Tensometer T10 devise (Figure 2) where we exchange the special jaws for adhesive test which is movable with speed of 50 mm /min for measurement the adhesion with filler and rubber.


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Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology and Application Volume 2, Issue 2

Fig. 5: Effect of Adding Cement Waste on NBR Resilience.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Fig. 2: Tensometer T10 Devise. Resilience Test: This test is carried out according to (ASTM D1054). The Dunlop tripsometer takes the form of an out of balance metal disc revolving on virtually frictionless bearing and which acts as a slow moving pendulum (see Figure 3). The test piece is placed against a rigid support so that it receives a blow at its center. A circular scale is provided for measuring the angle of displacement .The measured quantity is the angle to which the disk rebounds after the hammer strikes the specimen.

Figure 5 illustrates the effect of adding cement waste on NBR resilience, where the resilience value decreased when added cement waste due to increase the hardness, these additions as well as lead to formation of defects and gaps in the rubber structure and thus lead to decrease resilience.

Fig. 6: Effect of Adding Cement Waste on NBR Adhesive. Figure 6 represents the effect of adding cement waste of NBR adhesive, where Adhesive continue to rise because the jagged edges of the waste is working as a point of strong correlation with rubber.

CONCLUSION Fig. 3: Equipment of Resilience and Shear Test.

The use of cement waste works to improve the adhesive of NBR, and at the same time decreased resilience. As a result of the use of


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Mechanical Properties of Acrylonitrile - Butadiene

Ali I.Al-Mosawi et al.

cement waste the cost of manufacturing NBR parts decreased dramatically. Reduces the environmental and health impacts of cement waste fact that rubber works to prevent the decomposition of cement waste because NBR surrounding it completely.

7. Al-Maamori Mohammad H, Al-Mosawi Ali I. Manufacturing of composite rubber material for the manufacturing of rubber rubbles and other reinforced by a brass Bushes used in mechanical and electrical couplings. Central Organization for Standardization and Quality Control (COSQC), International Classification (C08C19/30, C08C19/42). Iraqi Classification 2014; (4). 8. Osabohien E, Egboh Sho. Cure characteristics and physico-mechanical properties of natural rubber filled with the seed shells of cherry (chrysophyllumalbidum). J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. 2007;11 (2): 43–48p. 9. Al-Maamori Mohammad H, Al-Mosawi Ali I. Effect of sulfur addition on vulcanization properties of hybrid rubber batch. Kerbala University Journal. 2014;12(2):258–262p. 10. Stelescu MD, Georgescu M, Manaila E. Aspects regarding crosslinking of a natural rubber blend, Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference Advanced Materials and Systems (ICAMS2010), Romania, 2010; September:16–18p.

REFERENCES 1. Al-Maamori Mohammed H, Al-Mosawi Ali I. Abdulsada Shaymaa Abbas. Rheological properties of NBR-PVC blend. E-Cronicon: Chemistry. 2015; 1(1): 25–29p. 2. Al-Maamori Mohammed H, Al-Mosawi Ali I. Rubber Technology: Experimental Studies. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. 2013. 3. Al-Mosawi Ali I, Abdulsada Shaymaa Abbas. Effect of immersion in semi synthetics (30% petroleum oil) on compression strength of rubber composite. Wulfenia Journal. 2015; 22(3): 395–401p. 4. Al-Maamori Mohammad H, Al-Mosawi Ali I. Othman Nabel S. Effect of Shells Powder on Scorch and Cure Time of Elastomer Material. International Journal of Engineering and Technology. 2011; 3(4): 494–496p. 5. Al-Mosawi Ali I, Ali Muslim M, Mohmmed JH. Experimental approach to mechanical properties of natural rubber mixing with Calcium carbonate powder. International Journal of Physical Sciences. 2012; 7(49):6280–6282p. 6. Al-Mosawi Ali I. Effect of Shells Powder Filler Additives on Hardness and Tensile Strength Properties of Natural Rubber. Journal of Materials Physics and Chemistry. 2013; 1(3): 35–36p.

Cite this Article Ali I. Al-Mosawi, Mohammed HA, Shaymaa AA, Mechanical Properties of Acrylonitrile - Butadiene Rubber Reinforced by Cement Waste, Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology and Application. 2015; 2(2): 13–16p.


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