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Megacities: Emissions, urban, regional and global atmospheric Pollution and climate effects, and integrated tools for assessment and mitigation (EC 7FP Project MEGAPOLI)
This content has been downloaded from IOPscience. Please scroll down to see the full text. 2009 IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 6 282009 (http://iopscience.iop.org/1755-1315/6/28/282009) View the table of contents for this issue, or go to the journal homepage for more
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Climate Change: Global Risks, Challenges and Decisions IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 6 (2009) 282009
IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1307/6/8/282009
P28.03 Megacities: emissions, urban, regional and global atmospheric Pollution and climate effects, and integrated tools for assessment and mitigation (EC 7FP Project MEGAPOLI) Alexander Baklanov(1), M Lawrence(2), S Pandis(3), and MEGAPOLI team * (1) Danish Meteorological Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark (2) Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry, Germany (3) Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas, University of Patras, Greece At present, there are about 20 megacities worldwide with a population of 10 million or greater, and 30 with a population of exceeding 7 million. Most of them (especially quickly growing cities) are situated in poor and developing countries. These numbers are expected to grow considerably in the near future. Megacities and heavily urbanized regions produce a large fraction of the national gross domestic product (GDP) (e.g. London, Paris and Mexico City account respectively of 19.9, 27.9 and 26.7% of the corresponding national GDP). However, human activities in megacities lead to serious challenges in municipal management, effects on local to global air quality and climate. The European 7FP project MEGAPOLI (see Nature, 2008, vol. 455, 142-143) brings together 27 leading European research groups from 11 countries, state-of-the-art scientific tools and key players from countries outside Europe to investigate the interactions among megacities, air quality and climate. MEGAPOLI bridges the spatial and temporal scales that connect local emissions, air quality and weather with global atmospheric chemistry and climate. The main MEGAPOLI objectives are 1. to assess impacts of megacities and large air-pollution hot-spots on local, regional and global air quality, 2. to quantify feedbacks among megacity air quality, local and regional climate, and global climate change, 3. to develop improved integrated tools for prediction of air pollution in megacities. In order to achieve these objectives the following tasks are realizing: • Develop and evaluate integrated methods to improve megacity emission data, • Investigate physical and chemical processes starting from the megacity street level, continuing to the city, regional and global scales, • Assess regional and global air quality impacts of megacity plumes, • Determine the main mechanisms of regional meteorology/climate forcing due to megacity plumes, • Assess global megacity pollutant forcing on climate, • Examine feedback mechanisms including effects of climate change on megacity air quality, • Develop integrated tools for prediction of megacity air quality, • Evaluate these integrated tools and use them in case studies, • Develop a methodology to estimate the impacts of different scenarios of megacity development on human health and climate change, • Propose and assess mitigation options to reduce the impacts of megacity emissions. We follow a pyramid strategy of undertaking detailed measurements in one European major city, Paris, performing detailed analysis for 12 megacities with existing air quality datasets and investigate the effects of all megacities on climate and global atmospheric chemistry. The current status and results from the project are discussed in the paper. *) The MEGAPOLI team: Ulrik Korsholm (DMI), Sandro Finardi (ARIANET), Nicolas Moussiopoulos (AUTH), Allan Gross (DMI), Matthias Beekmann, Helene Cachier, Jean Sciare, Paolo Laj, Laurent Gomes, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Agnes Borbon, Valery Gros (CNRS), Jaakko Kukkonen (FMI), Stefano Galmarini (JRC), Filippo Giorgi (ICTP), Sue Grimmond (KCL), Igor Esau (NERSC), Andreas Stohl, Bruce Denby (NILU), Ulf Baltensperger (PSI), Peter Builtjes, Dick van den Hout, Hugo D. van der Gon (TNO), Bill Collins (MetO), Heinke Schluenzen (Uham), Markku Kulmala, Sergej Zilitinkevich (UHel), Ranjeet Sokhi (UHCAIR), Rainer Friedrich (UStut), Liisa Jalkanen (WMO), Tomas Halenka (CUNI), Alfred Wiedensholer (IfT), John Pyle (UCam)
c 2009 IOP Publishing Ltd
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