Microprocessor or Microcontroller - University of Calgary

Audio-Video Interaction of ADSP-BF533 Ez-Kit Lite with the outside world

Microprocessor or Microcontroller Not just a case of “you say tomarto and I say tomayto” M. Smith, ECE University of Calgary, Canada

13 September 2006

Differences between a microprocessor and a microcontroller M. Smith, University of Calgary, Canada

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To be tackled today 

Information taken from Analog Devices On-line Manuals with permission

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http://www.analog.com/processors/resources/technicalLibrary/manuals/

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Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Analog Devices assumes no responsibility for its use or for any infringement of any patent other rights of any third party which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent right of Analog Devices. Copyright  Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Basic microprocessor Concept of a microcontroller Difference between the Blackfin microcontroller and Blackfin Ez-Kit Lite evaluation board Capabilities of the ADSP-BF533 Blackfin EzKit Lite evaluation board Various acronyms that will be used in the course

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MicroPROCESSOR – Basic concept

Microprocessor – Basic concept

CONTROL BUS

ADDRESS BUS 32-bit / 64-bit wide

ADDRESS BUS

CPU

CPU

contains CCU ALU data registers and pointer registers

CONTROL BUS Timing signals, ready signals, interrupts etc

contains CCU ALU data registers and pointer registers

DATA BUS – bidirectional 8-bit / 16-bit / 32-bit / 128-bit Microprocessor, by-itself, COMPLETELY USELESS Must have external peripherals to interact with outside world

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BOOT ROM Used at startup

Instruction (program) ROM

Data RAM

Keyboard Screen UART Transducers Parallel interface etc

DATA BUS Microprocessor, by-itself, completely useless – must have external peripherals to Interact with outside world

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Every external device needs this amount of support “glue logic” to work

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Issues with external devices

ADDRESS BUS

 DECODE LOGIC •Address strobe

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•CS – chip select 

•Data strobe External Device

Many pins

Device itself with all necessary internal logic to do the things it needs to do

•Read/Write control

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Continually redesigning same thing 

OE Output Enable

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other signals such as interrupt signals, etc

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DATA BUS 13 September 2006

 Differences between a microprocessor and a microcontroller M. Smith, University of Calgary, Canada

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Mechanical failure rates increased Design time increased – routing issues Cost increased, board size increased Compatibility between parts Upgrade part Many similar options between different projects

In Real-life -- Don’t need “100% flexibility”

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MicroCONTROLLER – Basic concept CONTROL

Advantages of microCONTROLLER over microPROCESSOR

ADDRESS BOOT ROM

CPU contains CCU ALU data registers and pointer registers

Used at startup

 Instruction (program) ROM

Data RAM

UART Parallel interface Transducers Etc

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DATA

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Microcontroller – put a limited amount of most commonly used resources “inside” the chip – a “limited” amount is often “enough” for many applications

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Issues when using any microcontroller 

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Two types of memory Difference in speed (read and write times) when using  On-chip – fast, easy to access, “almost as fast as using a register”, limited amount of on-chip memory available  Off-chip – slower to access – additional cost  Use on-chip memory in a “cache” mode (copy off-chip data to onchip when processing data, then copy back) External components still there  E.g. Video CODECs – need to use DMA – Direct Memory Access – so that the controller can get on with the “processing” and let something else worry about moving data in and out of the chip Real time environment  Event driven – can’t WAIT for a device to become ready, can’t POLL to see if device is ready, interrupt handling is key All these resources are “power hungry” and compete for resources (data busses etc) – special features to control power use

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Pin count down Design time down, Board layout size down Upgrade path easier – matching between peripherals for speed Cost down – bulk purchases Reliability up Common software / hardware design environment available from manufacturer

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Components of the Blackfin Board From smallest to largest 

Processor Core   

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Processor itself 

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One core on Blackfin ADSP-BF533 processor Two cores on Blackfin ADSP-BF561 processor Might be going to latest 2-core BF609 in 2014 if money becomes available core + some memory + some other built incapability

Blackfin Evaluation board 

Don’t forget the software development package VisualDSP++ and new CCES

between a microprocessor and a microcontroller NTDS– This yearDifferences remember thatof the M. Smith, University Calgary,next Canada slide is animated

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Blackfin ADSP-BF533 CORE

NTDS THIS IS ANIMATED

Some key discussed elements from the previous slide that might appear in quizzes 

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Why did the processor designers allow 2 loads to occur from memory at the same time, a load and store at the same time, but NOT two stores at the same time? Why would the processor designers place 8-bit ALUs operations available on a processor that has 32-bit registers? Give an example of an instruction where four 8-bit ALU operations occur at the same time Give an example of an instruction where two 16-bit ALU operations occur at the same time

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Enter the key elements from previous slide 

CORE

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The Blackfin “chip” itself


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Will you learn to “flash” memory in this class, and how would you do it and why? What does a watch-dog timer do – and “how do you find out how to feed it?” What does the acronym MMU stand for? What does the acronym SPI stand for, and in what labs will we be using the SPI? When is the PPI used? What’s a real time clock?

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BLACKFIN EVALUATION BOARD AND PERIPHERALS USED IN LABS -- WIBOQ?-Y --

Lab. 1 – You will demonstrate the basic microcontroller capability 

Use the microcontroller 

Learn to configure the FLASH memory 

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Use the FLASH memory I/O capability to control the LED Configure the PF I/O lines (Programmable Flags) 

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Push-button switches (PF lines) LED (controlled by FLASH memory logic)

Contains memory and also I/O components (input / output)

Used to control many of the external devices (chip select and timing lines) Used as input (Lab. 2) and / or interrupt lines (Lab. 3)

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Need to learn how to “configure” the flash memory so that We can control the LEDs If we can control the LED’s then we have signals that could be used for a “radio-controlled” car

Parallel interfaces present on the FLASH memory chips

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Configure the PF lines (Programmable Flags – Input and output pins)

Control of the PF lines – how / why? FIO_FLAG_D – Data register FIO_EDGE -- Edge register FIO_DIR -- Direction register FIO_POLAR -- Polarity register

NTDS Animated Replace one button input with the input of a temperature transducer and you have designed a “Software controlled thermometer”

TMP03 will be used in Laboratory 2 13 September 2006


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PF lines being used already to control other devices – “We are not alone!!” 

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When we change the PF registers bits, we must ONLY change those over which we have control PF8, PF9, PF10, PF11

FIO_FLAG_D register has 16 I/O pins (Flag pins) available



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Enter the key elements from previous slide  

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Must learn the instructions to safely change some register bits and not others (AND and OR instructions)

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Which A/D is used on the Blackfin board? Why are the signals that control the LED’s coming from the FLASH? What does SPORT1 means, and what external device is being controlled by it? How does the SPORT device allow “time sharing” of the bus by several different external devices?

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Audio-Video Interaction of ADSP-BF533 Ez-Kit Lite with the outside world

13 September 2006


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Review quiz 

CPU stands for

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CCU stands for

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BLACKFIN AUDIO CHIP -- Polite request -- CIV-DSM

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Review Quiz 

How come the FLASH memory must be used to control the LEDs and not the GPIO register pins (general purpose I/O)?

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Why can’t we use PF0 line in Lab. 2 to read temperature transducer input signals?

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Why will AND and OR operations be necessary when we control the PF I/O lines?

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What does PF stand for?

ALU stands for DMA stands for

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Tackled today   

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Basic microprocessor Concept of a microcontroller Difference between the Blackfin microcontroller and Blackfin Ez-Kit Lite evaluation board Capabilities of the ADSP-BF533 Blackfin EzKit Lite evaluation board Various acronyms that will be used in the course

13 September 2006


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