Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Magnetic ... - ScienceDirect

14 downloads 374892 Views 1MB Size Report
9th International Conference on Photonic Technologies Y LANE 2016 .... accounting for 72% of the total value of the soft magnetic materials; soft ferrite production value is 1.5 ... using the MDIJade Plus Eva program diffractometer software.
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

ScienceDirect Physics Procedia 83 (2016) 818 – 824

WK,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ3KRWRQLF7HFKQRORJLHV/$1(

0LFURVWUXFWXUHDQG0DJQHWLF3URSHUWLHVRI0DJQHWLF0DWHULDO )DEULFDWHGE\6HOHFWLYH/DVHU0HOWLQJ .DL-\XQ-KRQJD :HL&KLQ+XDQJE:HQ+VL/HHD b

a National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China Laser and Additive Manufacturing Technology Center, Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI)

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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license &RS\ULJKWOLQHZLOODSSHDUKHUH (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). 3HHUUHYLHZXQGHUUHVSRQVLELOLW\RIWKH%D\HULVFKHV/DVHU]HQWUXP*PE+ Peer-review under responsibility of the Bayerisches Laserzentrum GmbH Keywords: 6HOHFWLYH/DVHU0HOWLQJ0DJQHWLFPDWHULDO

,QWURGXFWLRQ 7KLVUHVHDUFKLVIRFXVHGRQPHWDOOLFPDWHULDOSURGXFWLRQDQGWKHPLFURVWUXFWXUHRIVLQWHUHGPDWHULDO,QRUGHUWR VWULYHIRUXQLIRUPLW\LQPHWDOPLFURVWUXFWXUHVFRQYHQWLRQDOVLQWHULQJXVHVDQRYHOWHFKQLTXHFDOOHG³UDSLGZDUPLQJ LQKLELWVLQWHULQJ´ZKLFKVLJQLILFDQWO\LPSURYHVWKHGHQVLW\RIWKHVLQWHUHGPHWDO1RWXQWLO'SULQWLQJFDQEHXVHGLQ SULQWLQJVRIWPDJQHWLFPDWHULDOVDIIHFWERWKWUDGLWLRQDOH[WHUQDOVLQWHULQJDQGWKHPRUHDGYDQFHGLQWHUQDOVLQWHULQJ 



&RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU7HO E-mail address:KK#JPDLOFRP

1875-3892 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Bayerisches Laserzentrum GmbH doi:10.1016/j.phpro.2016.08.084

Kai Jyun Jhong et al. / Physics Procedia 83 (2016) 818 – 824

819

VWURQJO\WRWKHPLFURVWUXFWXUHDQGSURSHUWLHVRIPHWDOPDWHULDO6HOHFWLYHODVHUVLQWHULQJ 6HOHFWLYH/DVHU6LQWHULQJ 6/6  >@ DQG 6HOHFWLYH /DVHU 0HOWLQJ 6HOHFWLYH /DVHU 0HOWLQJ 6/0  >@ DUH ERWK UHYROXWLRQDU\ VLQWHULQJ WHFKQRORJ\ ,Q WKLV H[SHULPHQW WKH VDPSOHV ZHUH PDQXIDFWXUHG E\ (26,17 0 PDFKLQHZKLFK LV DQ DGGLWLYH PDQXIDFWXULQJPDFKLQH 8QOLNHFRQYHQWLRQDOKHDWLQJRUPLFURZDYHKHDWLQJERWKVLQWHUHGLQWHJUDOO\LQPDFURVFRSLFSDWWHUQDIWHUPDWHULDOV ZHUH PRGHOHG 7KH 6/6 DQG )'0 WHFKQLTXHV GRQ¶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—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ȝPDVDEDVHPDWHULDOFRPELQHGZLWK6/0WHFKQLTXH  ([SHULPHQW 2.1. Powder 6RIWPDJQHWLFPDWHULDOSRZGHU>)H6L&U@DOOR\SRZGHUZDVXVHGDVDSULPDU\LQJUHGLHQW,WZDVSURGXFHGXVLQJ JDVDWRPL]DWLRQRIKRWPHOWLQJDQGSURYLGHGE\WKHPDQXIDFWXULQJFRPSDQ\+,0$*7KHFKHPLFDOFRPSRVLWLRQRI >)H6L&U@DOOR\SRZGHULVDVVKRZQLQ7DEOH  7DEOH&KHPLFDOFRPSRVLWLRQRI)H6L&U 6L :W  &U :W  & SSP  2 SSP  6 SSP 

    

2.2. Soft magnetic materials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

820

Kai Jyun Jhong et al. / Physics Procedia 83 (2016) 818 – 824

2.3. Selective Laser Melting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