Mild cognitive impairment: a comorbidities

Mild cognitive impairment: a comorbidities retrospective study I. Davidescu¹˒², M.E. Ispas¹, B.O. Popescu¹˒² ¹U iversity of Medici e a d Phar acy Carol Davila ²Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest,Romania

Objectives: Worldwide, the growing number of elderly people leads to a population of over 60 years estimated at two billion by 2050. Identification of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a general goal since it is considered that treating vascular risk factors and other future early intervention might reduce the rate of progression. In this study we searched for any statistically significant correlations between the severity of cognitive dysfunction and a number of individual parameters as age, comorbidities and social risk factors. Methods: a retrospective study, which evaluated a group of 104 subjects with cognitive impairment admitted to our Department of Neurology. Data collection was performed by a standardized questionnaire covering demographic and clinical (cardiovascular, thyroid pathology, cognitive tests) data. We identified 2 groups: group A (67 patients with MCI) and group B (37 patients with early Alzheimer Disease-AD). Results: Patients with MCI (single domain) are significantly younger, residing in urban areas. There was a considerable higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in group B comparative to group A. The two groups presented similar percentages in patients with a history of atrial fibrillation; the group of patients with early Alzheimer's disease shows a significantly higher percentage of diabetes and dyslipidemia and of history of coronary artery disease. There were no statistically significant differences between the percentages history of stroke / TIA between the two groups. There weren’t cases of thyroid dysfunction in lot B; instead, in 8 cases from lot A, we found a history of thyroid pathology (11.2%), of which 6 cases with substitution treatment. In what concerns the presentation, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups; we recorded in similar proportion speech disorders, attention disorders, psychiatric symptoms. We showed borderline statistical significance differences between the percentage of cognitive deterioration and visuo -spatial skills, which were more frequent in lot B. In contrast, patients with MCI had a higher proportion of motor disorders (35% vs 25% with a p value