Module Handbook

DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY

Global History: Themes, Issues and Approaches

Module Handbook 2012/13

Module Convenor: Dr Anne Gerritsen

Context of the Module The module must be taken by students on the MA in Global History; it may also be taken by students on the MA in History, the MA in Modern History, or any taught Masters students outside the History Department.

Module Aims ‘Themes, Issues and Approaches’ is the core course for the MA in Global History: it is taught over one ten-week term and is intended to give a critical overview of one of the fastest growing and most dynamic areas of modern historical enquiry – global history. It aims to provide students with an understanding of how global history has emerged from earlier approaches to the study of history, what makes it distinctive and what its principal strengths and weaknesses might be. As a core course, the module not only examines the range of historical methods and interpretations that constitute global history, but also looks at ways in which ‘the global’ can be investigated in relation to the regional and local by taking up perspectives from Asia, Africa and the Atlantic World.

Intended Learning Outcomes By the end of the module students should be able to: Recognise and evaluate the main intellectual traditions and historiographical approaches that have given rise to ‘global history’ Assess the ways in which historians have responded to the idea of ‘globalisation’ and the various techniques and subject domains they have used to do so. Offer an informed critique of ‘global history’, its sources, methods and outcomes. Show that they have developed skills in carrying out library and on-line research and skills in communicating and presenting their work.

Preliminary Bibliography Journal of Global History (commenced 2006): you might want to compare the contents of this journal with other, related journals such as Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, and Journal of World History or regional journals like Modern Asian Studies and Journal of African History. Janet L. Abu Lughod, Before European Hegemony: The World System, 1250-1350

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Arjun Appadurai, Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization Dipesh Chakrabarty, Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference Philip D. Curtin, Cross-Cultural Trade in World History ‘Global Times and Spaces: On Historicizing the Global’, History Workshop Journal, 64:1 (2007), pp. 321-46 ‘Global Times and Spaces: On Historicizing the Global’, History Workshop Journal, 64:1 (2007), comments by Driver, Burton, Berg, Subrahmanyam, Boal, pp. 321-46 Eliga H. Gould, ‘Entangled Histories, Entangled Worlds: The English-Speaking Atlantic as a Spanish Periphery’, American Historical Review, 112 (2007), pp.764-86 (see also following article by Jorge Canizares-Esguerra on ‘Entangled Histories’, pp. 787-99) David S. Landes, The Wealth and Poverty of Nations Bruce Mazlish, ‘Comparing Global History to World History’, Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 28:3 (1998), pp. 385-95 David Palumbo-Liu, Bruce Robbins, and Nirvana Tanoukhi, eds., Immanuel Wallerstein and the problem of the world: system, scale, culture (2011) Kenneth Pomeranz, ‘Social History and World History: From Daily Life to Patterns of Change’, Journal of World History, 18: 1 (2007), pp. 69-98 Merry E. Wiesner, ‘World History and the History of Women, Gender, and Sexuality’, Journal of World History, 18:1 (2007), pp. 53-67

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Seminar 1: Has Global History a History? (Anne Gerritsen) This is an introductory meeting to familiarise students with the general outline and requirements of the module. But the titles listed below are taken as central texts for the module and as a basis for discussion and reference in the following weeks: 1. Immanuel Wallerstein, The Modern World System, 1974, vol. I, esp. chapter 6. You might also wish to consult a recent collection of articles: David Palumbo-Liu, Bruce Robbins, and Nirvana Tanoukhi. Immanuel Wallerstein and the Problem of the World: System, Scale, Culture. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011 (HB 6000.I66). 2. A. G. Hopkins (ed.), Globalization in World History, 2002, esp. chapters by Hopkins (both), Bayly, Bennison and Ballantyne 3. C. A. Bayly, The Birth of the Modern World, 1780-1914, 2004, esp. ‘Introduction’ 4. Kenneth Pomeranz, The Great Divergence: China, Europe, and the Making of the Modern World Economy, 2000, esp. Introduction. You might find this review useful: Prasannan Parthasarathi, ‘Review Article: The Great Divergence’, Past and Present, 176 (2002), pp. 275-293. You might also find the articles in Historically Speaking 12.4 (2011) useful. 5. Prasannan Parthasarathi, Why Europe Grew Rich and Asia Did Not (2011).

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Seminar 2: Material Worlds: Global Connections and Dispersals (Anne Gerritsen) Issues for discussion 1. Are there such things as a ‘global commodities’ in the period before 1800? What are their characteristics and how do they different from today’s global commodities? 2. Which commodities were globally exchanged in the early modern period and why? What do they tell us about both the societies in which they originate and the nature of the recipient societies? 3. In what ways can material objects be said to ‘connect’ different areas of the world? 4. While Europe and Asia became increasingly connected through the exchange of commodities things, their economies diverged. Why? 5. Is the world of ‘global’ material connections before c. 1800 only (or at least primarily) about very limited areas of the globe (the Mediterranean, northwest Europe, West Africa, coastal India, Southeast Asia, southeast China etc)? Or can one speak of a more truly global movement of goods? Key Reading Maxine Berg, ‘In Pursuit of Luxury: Global Origins of British Consumer Goods’, Past and Present, 182 (2004), pp. 85-142 Maxine Berg, ‘Britain, Industry and Perceptions of China: Mathew Boulton, “Useful Knowledge” and the Macartney Embassy to China, 1792-3’, Journal of Global History, 1 (2006), pp. 269-88 Maxine Berg, ‘The Genesis of “Useful Knowledge”’, History of Science, 45:2 (2007), pp. 123-35 Craig Clunas, ‘Modernity Global and Local: Consumption and the Rise of the West’, American Historical Review, 104:5 (1999), pp. 1497-1511 Joel Mokyr, ‘Intellectual Origins of Modern Economic Growth’, Journal of Economic History, 65 (2005), pp. 235-85 Prasannan Parthasarathi, ‘Review Article: The Great Divergence’, Past and Present, 176 (2002), pp. 275-293 Sujit Sivasundaram, ‘Trading Knowledge: The East India Company’s Elephants in India and Britain’, Historical Journal, 48: 1 (2005), pp. 27-63 Further Reading Harold Cook, Matters of Exchange: Commerce, Medicine and Science in the Dutch Golden Age, chs 5, 7-9 Donald Quataert (ed.), Consumption Studies and the History of the Ottoman Empire, 15501922: An Introduction, Introduction John Styles, ‘Product Innovation in Early Modern London’, Past and Present, 168 (2000), pp. 124-69 Jeremy Prestholt, ‘The Global Repercussions of Consumerism: East African Consumers and Industrialization, American Historical Review, 109: 3 (2004), pp. 755-82 Peter Burke, ‘Rex et Verba: Conspicuous Consumption in the Early Modern World’, in J. Brewer and R. Porter (eds), Consumption and the World of Goods, ch. 7 Robert Finlay, ‘The Pilgrim Art: The Culture of Porcelain in World History’, Journal of World History, 9 (1998), pp. 141-87 Anne E. McCants, ‘Exotic Goods, Popular Consumption, and the Standard of Living: Thinking

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about Globalization in the Early Modern World’, Journal of World History, 28:4 (2007), pp. 433-62 Beverly Lemire and Giorgio Riello, ‘East and West: Textiles and Fashion in Eurasia in the Early Modern Period’, Journal of Social History, 41:4 (2008), pp. 887-916 Robert Batchelor, ‘On the Movement of Porcelains: Rethinking the Birth of Consumer Society as Interactions of Exchange Networks 1600-1750’, in Frank Trentmann and John Brewer (eds.), Consuming Cultures, Global Perspectives, pp. 95-122 David Washbrook, ‘India in the Early Modern World Economy: Modes of Production, Reproduction and Exchange’, Journal of Global History, 2 (2007), pp. 87-112 John E. Wills, ‘European Consumption and Asian Production in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries’, in Brewer and Porter (eds), Consumption and the World of Goods, ch. 6

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Seminar 3: Environmental History as Global History (Anne Gerritsen) The primary issues to be discussed are, firstly, what is the nature of environmental history (and its recent historiography), and, secondly, how does environmental history inform, enlarge or perhaps critique our understanding of global history? As to the first, environmental history has taken a rich variety of forms and addressed a great number of very different issues: sometimes the focus has been on local ecologies and how these shape history over time; at others environmental history has been concerned with enfolding crises, such as epidemics and famines. Or it has sought to explain the fundamental changes brought about as a result of European expansion and colonial intervention. But, secondly, environmental history has also addressed changes in the global distribution of power, the role of factors beyond human control, as well as the environment as a site of technological and political changes of global consequence. Key Reading David Arnold, The Problem of Nature: Environment, Culture and European Expansion Fernand Braudel, The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II, vol. 1 (for the global perspective, see also his Capitalism and Material Life, 1400-1800 Alfred W. Crosby, Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of Europe, 900-1900. Compare this with Crosby’s earlier book, The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492 Richard Drayton, Nature’s Government: Science, Imperial Britain and the ‘Improvement’ of the World Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie, Times of Feast, Times of Famine: A History of Climate since the Year 1000 J. R. McNeill, ‘Observations on the Nature and Culture of Environmental History’, History and Theory, 42:4 (2003), pp. 5-43 W. H. McNeill, Plagues and Peoples Donald Worster (ed). The Ends of the Earth: Perspectives on Modern Environmental History, esp. for essays by Worster and Crosby Further Reading Mark Elvin, The Retreat of the Elephants: A Global History of China William Beinart and Lotte Hughes, Environment and Empire Caroline Ford, ‘Nature’s Fortunes: New Directions in the Writing of European Environmental History’, Journal of Modern History, 79 (2007), pp. 112-33 idem, ‘Reforestation, Landscape Conservation, and the Anxieties of Empire in French Colonial Algeria’, American Historical Review, 113 (2008), pp. 341-62 Richard Grove, Green Imperialism: Colonial Expansion, Tropical Island Edens and the Origins of Environmentalism, 1600-1860 John F. Richards, The Unending Frontier: An Environmental History of the Early Modern World

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Seminar 4: Cosmopolitanism and Globality (Anne Gerritsen) As a topic for discussion, cosmopolitanism raises a number of questions – particularly as to how far global history can move beyond conventional histories of nation states and empire to a more open, mobile and multi-centred world, and how far we are entitled to read back into the past the history of present-day difference and globality. This topic gives an opportunity to review recent literature (relatively little of it by historians) but also to ask how far a history of the global can, or should be, a history of intellectualism and of Enlightenment universalism, of circulating ideas and elites, rather than about system of imposition, surveillance and control. Can there be an ‘ordinary cosmopolitanism’, in which the lives and experiences of non-elite actors are central? Key Reading Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spreads of Nationalism F. Cooper and A. L. Stoler (eds), Tensions of Empire: Colonial Cultures in a Bourgeois World, esp. ‘Introduction’ Frank Dikotter, The Discourse of Race in Modern China (see also Dikotter’s Things Modern: Material Culture and Everyday Life in China) Michèle Lamont and Sada Aksartova, ‘Ordinary Cosmopolitanisms’, Theory, Culture and Society, 19:4 (2002), pp. 577-89 Walter Mignolo, ‘The Many Faces of Cosmo-polis: Border Thinking and Critical Cosmopolitanism’, Public Culture, 12:3 (2002), pp. 721-48 Sheldon Pollock, ‘The Cosmopolitan Vernacular’, Journal of Asian Studies, 57: 1 (1998), pp. 6-37 S. Pollock, H. Bhabha, C. Breckenridge and D. Chakrabarty, Cosmopolitanism: also in Public Culture, 12:3 (2000) Edward Said, Orientalism Further Reading Anthony Kwame Appiah, Cosmopolitanism in a World of Strangers Tarak Barkawi, ‘Connection and Constitution: Locating War and Culture in Globalization Studies’, Globalizations, 1:2, (2004), pp. 155-70 Ulrich Beck, ‘The Cosmopolitan Perspective: Sociology of the Second Age of Modernity’, British Journal of Sociology, 51:1 (2005), pp. 79-106 Arif Dirlik, ‘Global Modernity? Modernity in an Age of Global Capitalism’ European Journal of Social Theory 6:3 (2003), pp. 275-92 Pauline Kleingeld, ‘Six Varieties of Cosmopolitanism in Late Eighteenth-Century Germany’, Journal of the History of Ideas, 60 (1999), pp. 505-24 Robert Mayhew, ‘British Geography’s Republic of Letters: Mapping an Imagined Community, 1600-1800’, Journal of the History of Ideas, 65 (2004), pp. 251-76 John Robertson, ‘The Enlightenment above National Context: Political Economy in EighteenthCentury Scotland and Naples’, Historical Journal, 40 (1997), pp. 667-97 Vlasta Vranjes, ‘English Cosmopolitanism and/as Nationalism’, Journal of British Studies, 47 (2008), pp. 324-47 Charles Withers, Placing the Enlightenment: Thinking Geographically about the Age of Reason

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Seminar 5: Case Studies: South Asia and the World (Giorgio Riello) At this point the module moves to a series of brief case studies, linking a specific region of the world to wider global perspectives. This week the focus is on the South Asian region and the Indian Ocean during the early modern period (roughly from 1500 onwards) and the early colonial era (c. 1770-1860). This is a large area, ranging from the eastern coast of Africa, the Arabian Sea, the coast of India, the Bay of Bengal, and the western coast of Southeast Asia. Most existing histories take as their subject the areas within this region that have become modern nation states, and in the process, the many interconnections that were an important feature of the pre-colonial period are sidelined. The aim here is to focus on the multiple connections that existed in the past. We shall address a range of questions, based mainly on the readings by Subrahmanyam and Ghose (the choice of a literary text as well as a historical one helps to underscore the literary dimension of global historical understanding, alongside the economic, political etc.) Questions 1. What was the role of South Asia in the world economy before 1700? And what part did cotton textile play? 2. Why has India recently become so important in discussions over divergence? 3. Are endogenous more important than exogenous variables in explaining the economic decline of India? And is decline the right word? Key Reading Allen, Robert C., “India in the Great Divergence,” in Timothy J. Hatton, Kevin H. O’Rourke, and Alan M. Taylor, eds., The New Comparative Economic History: Essay in Honour of Jeffrey G. Williamson (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press., 2007), pp. 9-32. Parthasarathi, Prasannan, “Review Article: The Great Divergence,” Past & Present 167 (2002): 275-293. (online) Parthasarathi, Prasannan, “Historical Issues of Deindustrialisation in Nineteenth-Century South India,” in Giorgio Riello and Tirthankar Roy, eds., How India Clothed the World: The World of South Asian Textiles, 1500-1850 (Leiden: Brill, 2009), pp. 415-436. Riello, Giorgio and Tirthankar Roy, “Introduction: The World of South Asian Textiles, 15001850,” in Giorgio Riello and Tirthankar Roy, eds., How Indian Clothed the World: The World of South Asian Textiles, 1500-1850 (Leiden: Brill, 2009), pp. 1-27. Roy, Tirthankar, “Knowledge and Divergence from the Perspective of Early Modern India,” Journal of Global History 3/3 (2008): 361-387. (online) Further reading Abu-Lughod, Janet L., Before European Hegemony: The World System, A.D. 1250-1350 (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1989). Broadberry, Stephen and Bishnupriya Gupta, “Lancashire, India, and Shifting Competitive Advantage in Cotton Textiles, 1700-1850: The Neglected Role of Factor Prices,” Economic History Review 62/2 (2009), pp. 279-305. Chaudhuri, K.N., The English East India Company: The Study of an Early Joint-Stock Company, 1600-1640 (London: Frank Cass, 1965).

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Chaudhuri, K.N., The Trading World of Asia and the English East India Company 1660-1760 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978). Chaudhuri, K.N., “Some Reflections on the World Trade of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Century: A Reply,” Journal of European Economic History 7/1 (1978): 223-231. Parthasarathi, Prasannan, Why Europe Grew Rich and Asia did Not: Global Economic Divergence, 1600-1850 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011). Parthasarathi, Prasannan, and Ian Wendt, “Decline in Three Keys: Indian Cotton Manufacturing from the Later Eighteenth Century,” in Giorgio Riello and Prasannan Parthasarathi, eds., The Spinning World: A Global History of Cotton Textiles, 1200-1850 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), pp. 397-407. Pearson, Michael N., The Indian Ocean (London and New York: Routledge, 2003). Prakash, Om, The New Cambridge History of India; Vol. II.5. European Commercial Enterprise in Pre-Colonial India (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998). Prakash, Om, “The Indian Maritime Merchant, 1500-1800,” Journal of Economic and Social History of the Orient 47/3 (2004): 435-457. Riello, Giorgio and Tirthankar Roy, eds., How Indian Clothed the World: The World of South Asian Textiles, 1500-1850 (Leiden: Brill, 2009), Roy, Tirthankar, Traditional Industry in the Economy of Colonial India (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999). Roy, Tirthankar, “Out of Tradition: Master Artisans and Economic Change in Colonial India,” Journal of Asian Studies 66/4 (2007), pp. 963-991. Roy, Tirthankar, “Did Globalisation Aid Industrial Development in Colonial India? A Study of Knowledge Transfer in the Iron Industry,” Indian Economic and Social History Review 46/4 (2009): 570-613. Roy, Tirthankar, India in the World Economy: From the Pre-modern to the Modern Times (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012).

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Seminar 6: Africa and the World (Bronwen Everill) Questions 1. To what extent has Africa been excluded from (or incorporated) into interpretations of global history? 2. How can the study of African history help inform a critique of global history’s sources, methods and outcomes? 3. How have Africanist historians responded to the idea of globalisation? 4. What role have migrant communities played in global history? Key Reading Frederick Cooper, 'What is the Concept of Globalization Good For? An African Historian's Perspective', African Affairs, 100: 399 (2001), pp.189-213 B. Everill, 'Destiny seems to point me to that country: early nineteenth century African American migration, emigration and expansion', Journal of Global History, 7. 1 (2012), pp. 53-77 Joseph Inikori, Africans and the Industrial Revolution in England (Cambridge, 2002) Jeremy Prestholdt, ‘On the Global Repercussions of Consumerism: East African Consumers and Industrialization’, American Historical Review, 109:3 (2004), pp.755-82 Further Reading Immanuel Akyeampong, 'Africans in the Diaspora: The Diaspora and Africa', African Affairs, 99:395 (2000), pp.183-215 J-F Bayart, 'Africa in the World: A History of Extraversion', African Affairs, 99:395 (2000), pp.217-67 W.E.B. Du Bois, The World and Africa: An Inquiry into the Part Which Africa has Played in World History J. Igoe, 'Becoming Indigenous Peoples: Difference, Inequality, and the Globalization of East African Identity Politics', African Affairs, 105:420 (2006), pp.399-420 Joseph Inikori, 'Africa and the Globalization Process: Western Africa, 1450- 1850', Journal of Global History, 2:1 (2007), pp.63-86 Achille Mbembe, 'At the Edge of the World: Boundaries, Territoriality, and Sovereignty in Africa', Public Culture, 12: 1 (2000), pp.259-84 Tiffany Ruby Patterson & Robin Kelley, 'Unfinished Migrations: Reflections on the African Diaspora and the Making of the Modern World', African Studies Review, 43: 1 (2000), pp.11-45 James Sweet, Recreating Africa: Culture, Kinship, and Religion in the African Portuguese World, 1441-1770 John Thornton, Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1400- 1800

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Seminar 7: The Atlantic World (Bronwen Everill) Atlantic history dates in its present form to an explosion of interest in Atlantic connections in early America in the 1990s. Atlantic history started off as a perspective on early America that was part of a conversation with scholars in related fields in African and Latin American history. It has come to be thought by its most fervent proponents as a full-blown field of study, although it perhaps offers more for historians if approached in a less imperialist and confrontational mode. Atlantic history should be seen less as a field designed to subsume other, more conventional fields such as nation-based history and imperial history than being a framework and angle of vision in which scholars can see connections between works done in a variety of disparate fields. It is an undeniably popular and trendy field. Indeed, it has become almost as common for students of the British colonies in the Americas to identify themselves as Atlantic historians as to see themselves as colonial or early American historians. The receptiveness of colonial British Americanists for Atlantic history can be seen in the titles of recent books, the enthusiasm for conferences incorporating an Atlantic theme, the reorientation of research institutes with an early British American focus towards Atlantic studies, and the proliferation of courses on aspects of Atlantic history. Atlantic history has real intellectual clout. Its principal theme – that the Atlantic from the fifteenth century to the present was more than just an ocean, more than just a physical fact but was a particular zone of exchange and interchange, circulation and transmission – is not only true in the sense that these exchanges and interchanges shaped profoundly the texture of life in at least four continents over a very long period of time but is also a conceptual leap forward, allowing historians to make links between place, people and periods that enrich our understanding of the complexities of a vital passage in the development of the world that we all inhabit. Key Reading David Armitage, "Three Concepts of Atlantic History," The British Atlantic World, 1500-1800. New York: Palgrave, 2002; new revised edition, 2009. Peter Linebaugh and Marcus Rediker, The Many-Headed Hydra: Sailors, Slaves, Commoners and the Hidden History of the Revolutionary Atlantic (Boston, 2001) Sven Beckert, 'Emancipation and Empire: Reconstructing the Worldwide Web of Cotton Production in the Age of the American Civil War,' American Historical Review, 109, 5 (2004), pp.1405-1438 Games, Alison. “Atlantic History: Definitions, Challenges, and Opportunities.” American Historical Review 111 (2006), 741-56.

Further Reading Armitage, David and Michael J. Braddick, eds. The British Atlantic World, 1500-1800. New York: Palgrave, 2002; new revised edition, 2009. Bailyn, Bernard. Atlantic History: Context and Contours. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2005. Benjamin, Timothy, The Atlantic World: Europeans, Africans, Indians and Their Shared History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Bowen, H.V, Elizabeth Mancke and John Reid, eds. British Asia and the British Atlantic: Two Worlds or One? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Canny, Nicholas, “Atlantic History: What and Why?” European Review 9 (2001), 399-411. Curtin, Philip D. The Rise and Fall of the Plantation Complex: Essays in Atlantic History. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990. Egerton, Douglas R. et al., The Atlantic World: A History, 1400-1888. Wheeling, Il.: Harlan Davidson, 2007. “Entangled Empires in an Atlantic World,” American Historical Review 112 (2007), istopr 71099. Gilroy, Paul. The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1993. Greene, Jack P.. “Comparing Early Modern American Worlds: Some Reflections on a Promise of a Hemispheric Perspective,” and Jorge Cañizares-Esguerra. “Some Caveats about the `Atlantic’ Paradigm.” History Compass 1 (2003). http://www.blackwellcompass.com/subject/history/ Greene, Jack P. and Philip D. Morgan, ed., Atlantic History: A Critical Appraisal. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009. Pietschmann, Horst, ed. Atlantic History: History of the Atlantic System, 1580-1830. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2002. Reinhardt, Steven G. and Dennis Reinhartz, eds. Transatlantic History. College Station: Texas A & M University, 2006.

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Seminar 8: China, the Local and the Global (Anne Gerritsen) We have gone from larger methodological questions about global history to the specifics of objects. It is a useful point to think about the wider subject, and stake out a position within that. One question that remains open is how you actually go about doing global history. Another is the question of locality and belonging. What is the meaning of the local when our perspective is global? How do people inhabit the global, and make spaces their own? For discussion 1. What is local history? Is there a difference between local history and micro-history? 2. Is all history local? 3. How do we go about combining local and global history? 4. Can local and global ever be brought together, or are they more valuable studied independently? 5. Is globalization a threat to the local? Here are two quotes from Arjun Appadurai to consider: i. [we should understand] ‘locality not merely as a case study, but a site for the examination of how locality emerges in a globalizing world’; ii. ‘locality itself is a historical product and the histories through which localities emerge are eventually subject to the dynamics of the global’ (see his Modernity at Large) Key Reading D. Massey, ‘Places and Their Pasts’, History Workshop Journal, 39 (1995), pp. 182-92 Doreen Massey, ‘Power-Geometry and a Progressive Sense of Place’, in Jon Bird (ed.), Mapping the Futures: Local Cultures, Global Change, pp. 47-69 Bruce Mazlish, The New Global History, ch. 7: ‘The global and the local’ Mark Swislocki, ‘The Honey Nectar Peach and the Idea of Shanghai in Late Imperial China’, in Late Imperial China, 29:1 (2008), pp. 1-40

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Assessment You are required to submit one assessed essay of 5,000 words (not including footnotes and bibliography. This is due on Thursday 13th December 2012 (the week after the end of Term 1), and needs to be submitted to the Postgraduate Coordinator in the History Department. For details, please see the MA handbook. You are also required to submit one unassessed, formative essay of up to 2,500 words (not including footnotes and bibliography) by Wednesday 14th November to be submitted to the module convenor.

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