Jun 6, 2018 - Generation X. (1965-1976). Generation Y. (1977-1994). Generation Z. (>1994). Source: Reeves, Oh (2008: 296â297); TörÅcsik, Szűcs, Kehl ...
Practical geography and XXI century challenges IGU Thematic Conference dedicated to the centennial of the Institute of Geography of Russian Academy of Sciences
Moscow, 4-6 June 2018
MOTIVATIONS, EDUCATIONAL FUNCTIONS, BARRIERS DURING TOURIST TRIPS IN THE OPINION OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GENERATION „Z” Dr Magdalena Kugiejko
Introduction Using tourism in the education process includes not only activity in the school but also activity during leisure time. The variety and number of tourist trips it is mostly conditioned by the needs, interests, perceptions of selected age groups. The study aims to determine the impact of organizational experience gained during childhood and subsequent use in travel by representatives of the youngest generation, referred to as Net Generation. The stages of human life from childhood and school to university, which is directly associated with the “family life cycle” suggests a relationship between the age of participants and the type of tourist activity undertaken, motives of participation, and selection of travel destination of a given group.
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Instant online “dotcom” kids Tweens post-millenarians zappers - which means switchers Generation X + D(igital) - XDs net generation, iGeneration Generation C - connection Generation D – digital Facebook Generation digital natives Baby Bloomers Generation 9/11
Table 1. Main classifications of modern generations Source
Generation (period of birth)
Howe, Strauss (2000)
-
Silent Generation (1925-1942)
Boom Generation (1943-1960)
Generation 13 (1961-1981)
Millennial Generation (1982-2000)
-
Reeves, Oh (2008)
-
Mature Generation (1924-45)
Boom Generation (1946-1964)
Generation X (1965-1980)
Millennial Generation (1981-2000)
Generation Z (≥2001)
The pre-depression Generation (< 1930)
The depression Generation (1930-1945)
Baby Boom (1946-1964)
Generation X (1965-1976)
Generation Y (1977-1994)
Generation Z (>1994)
Wiliams, Page (2010)
Source: Reeves, Oh (2008: 296–297); Törőcsik, Szűcs, Kehl (2014: 27); Zajadacz (2014: 56)
The research focuses on the stages of human life (childhood, school and university). Associated with psychology and sociology, it caused the use of the biographical method, which based on memory and respondents' accounts gives numerous possibilities for interpreting this phenomenon. The analysis (biography method) indicates the dependence of age on tourism activity, motives for participation and the choice of the place of departure for a given group. Analyzes showed that students who grew up (parents, school) in the tradition of self-organization of tourism and recreation, more often continue the process of creating own expeditions. Relevant information is also restrictions, difficulties (costs, work and lack of free time) preclude the possibility of traveling for young people.
25
Number of responses
Research
30
20 15 10 5 0
childhood
primary school junior high school family
friends
school
high school
studies
travel agency
Figure 2: The organizers and travel companions in different periods of development
Table 2. Leisure time activities
Silent Generation (+65 years)
reading: 42%
watching TV: 42%
watching TV: 40%
reading: 29%
meeting friends/ family: 29% traveling: 25% gardening: 22%
AGE
TOURIST ACTIVITY
GENERATORS - Factors causing tourist activity, leading to a situation where a person realizes that he or she wants to become a participant in tourism and is willing to take specific actions in this direction.
ACTIVATORS -The factors that make the previously-motivated, thanks to generators, the desire to travel, transforms into the action that leads to tourist activity.
MODIFIERS - Factors, which due to various properties affect the shape and nature of the tourist activity. Unlike generators and activators, they do not affect the level of tourist activity.
Baby Boomers (50-64 years)
• • • • •
human needs past tourist experiences possessing skills free time tourism motives
• • • • • •
earnings good health travel agency offer free time social benefits possessing skills and equipment
• • • • • • •
lifestyle fashionable lifestyle health weather conditions, climate prices of tourist services belonging to certain social groups
Fig. 3. Determinants of tourist activity Source: author’s own work based on Alejziak 2013
Generation X (35- 49 years) watching TV: 38%
meeting friends/ family: 30% meeting friends/ family: 28% reading: 24%
Generation Y (21-34 years)
Generation Z (15-20 years)
watching TV: 31%
listening to music: 37%
meeting friends/ family: 28% listening to music: 27% reading: 20%
reading: 27%
traveling: 22%
traveling: 22%
listening to music:19%
listening to music:21% traveling: 18%
watching TV: 23% meeting friends/ family: 19% sport activity: 18%
Source: Global Generacional Lifestyles, 2015, The research was conducted in the period 23.03-13.03.2015 online on a sample of over 30,000 people in 60 countries, located in the regions: Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America, the Middle East, Africa and North America.,
Conclusion The place of a person in tourism can be determined by their roles, needs, and behavior. Tourism enables people to learn about themselves as well as shapes attitudes of openness and sensitivity. It is also important to mention that the burden of education lies not only on the parents and the school, but also the environment, friends, and the tourist him or herself. We also cannot forget that it is necessary to learn how to travel and organize trips. School trips serve as a factor integrating the process of acquiring knowledge and its later use in the exploration of one's cognitive interests. The Final summary, shows views on contemporary tourism organization that is both cognitive and practical. In the future, the proposed solutions may contribute to the better group organization of sightseeing trips - more attractive for young people (taking into account its real expectations). The frequency and appropriate use of tourism in the didactic process will bring tangible educational results.
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