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Intermediate

Moving UP is the new course from Black Cat. It combines the timeless pleasure of reading with today’s digital world to create a motivating and varied course, which both teachers and students will love. Moving UP Intermediate covers the grammar, vocabulary and functional language of the level through interesting topics and literary extracts. It gives extensive practice in the four language skills and provides tailored preparation for the FCE exam. Offline

The Book

• Digital Book for the IWB, PC/MAC and LINUX • Digital Reader: an exciting new tool to read, listen to and work on in the classroom with the IWB, or at home with a computer. It is ideal for use with mixed ability classes.

The course focuses on the skill of Reading and the pleasure to be found in it as a learning tool and as a way of motivating study both in the classroom and at home.

Clare Kennedy Clare Maxwell

B1/B2


Online • WebActivities • Downloadable audio files in MP3 format

Intermediate Student’s Book/Workbook + audio CD + Digital Book and Digital Reader

978-88-530-1230-2

For the teacher • Teacher’s Resource Book

978-88-530-1287-6

• 3 class audio CDs + 1 audio Test CD + DVD + DVD-ROM (Teacher’s Digital Book and Tests) 978-88-530-1231-9

Intermediate

Student’s Book/Workbook + audio CD

Student’s Book and Workbook DIGITAL BOOK Audio CD or MP3 files FREE Digital Reader

978-88-530-1229-6

Other sales options

B1/B2

Moving UP Intermediate Student’s Book/Workbook + audio CD + Digital Book (3 elementi indivisibili) ISBN 978-88-530-1229-6

l el w ax . M UP e 9-6 ,C at 22 dy NG di -1 ne VI e 30 T en O rm 8-5 CA . K M nte 8-8 CK C I 97 A

BN IS

BL

Questo volume, sprovvisto del talloncino a lato, è da considerarsi copia di SAGGIO-CAMPIONE GRATUITO, fuori commercio (vendita e altri atti di disposizione vietati: art. 17, c. 2, L. 633/1941). Fuori campo applicazione I.V.A. (D.P.R. 26/10/72, n. 633, art. 2, 3° c., lett. d.)

9 788853 012296

book

€ 26,00 (prezzo defiscalizzato € 25,00)

Moving Up INTERMEDIATE Student's Book and Workbook © 2012 De Agostini Scuola S.p.A. – Novara


Student’s book


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1 A busy life

Objectives Grammar present simple present continuous present perfect phrasal verbs state verbs Vocabulary make, do, have work

Presenter Welcome to Secret Lives, the programme where we find out what ordinary working people do in their free time. Today, I’m talking to Natalie Ross, who certainly leads a double life. At the moment, we’re in Natalie’s place of work – the surgery of a big veterinary clinic. Natalie is a vet and she’s worked in this clinic for the last six months. So, 1 Natalie I’m preparing the medication for the animals which have had operations today and that are staying in the clinic overnight. So I’m looking at each animal’s notes and getting the medication ready. I have to concentrate hard on what I’m doing and check I don’t make any mistakes. Presenter 2 Natalie Yes, when I’m on duty this is one of my jobs, but I also do lots of other things: I examine animals when they come in, I help more experienced vets with operations and I’m doing some research here, too. Presenter 3 Natalie I love it. It’s what I’ve always wanted to do. I work hard and I always make an effort to learn new things. At the moment, everything is new to me and I’m learning all the time. I’m very ambitious and I hope to make progress in my career as a vet.

Presenter I’m now standing near a track in the countryside and it’s raining. Natalie is riding along the track at great speed on a BMX bike. This is Natalie’s secret life: BMX racing. Let’s ask her about it. Natalie, this is quite a contrast to the clean clinic where you work! Your clothes are wet and dirty! 4

Natalie Since I was a teenager – so that’s about ten years now. Presenter You’ve won lots of medals and you’ve even been a women’s BMX racing champion. Natalie Yes, I take part in lots of competitions here and at an international level. BMX is now an Olympic sport, you know. Presenter So, how do you find the time to do this as well as your job? Natalie I spend all my free time, including holidays, on this sport. You have to be very fit to race, so every week I do a lot of exercise: running, workouts in the gym and I often have a swim to relax. As well as that, I also have two or three training sessions a week. Most weekends, there’s a competition somewhere. I don’t always enter the competition myself, but I usually go with my club because I train a group of teenagers.

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7-11-2011 12:22:30

1 Presentation

Vocabulary • make, do, have

1 Before you read. Look at the photos of Natalie and talk

5 Put the words below in the correct columns.

about your first impression of her. What sort of person do you think she is?

1 /02

a break a mistake a swim breakfast a party progress nothing an effort your best well/badly fun research a shower friends sure a decision a favour exercise

2 Read and listen to the interview and write the questions in the gaps. Then listen and check your answers.

MP3

a b c d e f

How do you fit all this into your working week? How long have you been interested in BMX racing? What are you doing now? Do you like your job? What is more important to you, Do you do this every day?

make

do

have

6 Complete the dialogues with a verb from exercise 5

3 Read the interview again, then answer true (T) or false (F).

in the correct form.

1 Natalie is giving the animals their medication during the interview. 2 She hasn’t worked as a vet for long. 3 When the presenter arrives at the track, Natalie is riding her bike. 4 Natalie has taken part in the Olympic Games. 5 She works from 9 to 5, fìve days a week. 6 Natalie wants to have a career and continue with her hobby.

1 2 3 4 5 6

4 Pairwork. Continue the interview with Natalie, take turns at both roles.

Student A: ask questions about: her typical working week; the things she likes/dislikes about the job. Student B: ask questions about her training and fitness schedule for BMX racing; the things she likes/dislikes about the sport.

A B A B A B A B A B A B

Are you enjoying your holiday? Yes, we fun! Nicole’s so lazy! I know, she never an effort to help. Colin’s got excellent marks. Yes, he always his best. I feel so lonely! Don’t worry. You’ll soon friends. Can you me a favour? Of course, what is it? This is really hard work. Well, a break and finish it later.

Watch out! have + noun expressions can be used with continuous tenses We’re having fun! have with a possessive meaning is only used with simple tenses She has (got) a new bike. She’s having a new bike.

Presenter 5 Natalie As part of my job, I have to work shifts. This means I have quite a lot of free time during the day, so I can go to the gym or out for a run then. Sometimes, I swap shifts with a colleague, so that I can enter competitions. It’s getting difficult to find time for all the competitions, so I don’t enter so many now. Presenter So, you spend all your time either working or training for BMX racing. Why do you do it? Natalie Because I love my job and my hobby. I have great fun with BMX, I’ve made lots of friends through it and I’ve travelled abroad. It’s been part of my life for a long time. Presenter 6 your work as a vet or racing BMX bikes? Natalie People are always asking me this question! I think being a vet, but I don’t ever want to give up BMX racing!

7 Choose two expressions from each group in exercise 5 and use them in sentences that are true for you.

Pronunciation • \h\ 1 /03 MP3

8 Circle the words in which you hear the /h/ sound. Then listen and check.

unhappy honest unhealthy why inherit enough hour holiday have 1 /04 MP3

9 Listen and repeat. 1 2 3 4

Have you eaten the ham? Have you ever had a holiday in Africa? How often has he helped him? Henry’s unhealthy and unhappy.


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5 7-11-2011 12:22:31

A busy life Frances Spalding, sailing school instructor, Cornwall

Gavin Taylor, hotel receptionist, Heathrow Airport London

I 1 sailing from April to October. It’s July now, 2 so I seven days a week – when I 3 , 4 I after the boats or working in the office. I’m always at the sailing centre from 7am to 8pm – that means I get up at 6am every day! So, what 5 (I) during the winter? First, 6 I a break, and I usually 7 away for three or four weeks’ holiday in November. Then, during the ski season, I8 part-time in a restaurant at a ski resort in France, so I can go skiing. It’s a great life – I 9 my job and get a chance to do my favourite winter sport. I 10 my friends with 9 to 5 office jobs!

The hotel never closes – we’re open 24/7! Planes take off and land all day and night so guests check in and out all the time. There are always two reception staff on duty and we work eight hour shifts. This week I’m working the morning shift, that’s from 6am to 2pm for three days, then I’m doing two night shifts (10pm-6am), then I’ve got two days off. Occasionally, I work overtime, if a colleague is away. That’s a typical working week for me. On the downside, it means I don’t always have my free time when my friends do, so I’m always missing parties and other events. I rarely have a whole weekend off, but I love my job and the working hours are just part of it.

A

B

Grammar Present simple and continuous We use the present simple for: • repeated actions and habits He always gets up at 7 am. • facts The sun rises in the west. • permanent states My mother teaches history. We use the present continuous for: • an action happening at the time of speaking It’s raining so I’m watching TV. • an action happening around now I’m studying a lot these days. • temporary states We’re staying in a hotel near the beach. • trends and developing situations Petrol prices are going up. • criticising to be + always/continually + -ing form of the verb My sister is always taking my things without asking me.

>> See Workbook page 4.

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10 Complete text A with the verbs in the list in the present simple or continuous.

work (x2) not teach go not envy look have love teach do

11 Read about Gavin’s job (text B) and write questions for his answers.

1 2 3 4 5 6

Where It’s near a major international airport. When It’s open 24 hours a day, seven days a week. What hours Three days morning shifts and two days night shift. Are there I’m not free when my friends are. Do you Hardly ever. Do you Yes, I do.

? ? ? ? ? ?


7-11-2011 12:22:34

1 15 Read the three texts again and answer the questions. Who... 1 does their real job for half the year? 2 works different shifts each week? 3 spends an equal amount of time at work and at home? 4 works shifts? 5 earns a very good salary? 6 works long hours?

Vocabulary • work 16 Find expressions in the texts that mean: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

C

Harry Lewis, medical assistant, oil rig in the North Sea I work two weeks on the oil rig, then two weeks off. It’s hard work and we work long hours on day and night shifts looking after workers with medical problems. I’m on call during my free time too. I get very tired and I’m always falling asleep when I’m off duty. I enjoy my work but what I like best is the two weeks off – and the pay! We’re all well-paid because it’s very hard work in difficult conditions. People are always saying to me, ‘You’re so lucky, you only work half the time.’ They don’t understand what it’s like on an oil rig in the middle of a stormy sea in winter! I’m on leave at the moment so I’m doing lots of sport and seeing my friends.

17 Answer the questions. 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 /05 MP3

13 Rewrite the sentences using the present continuous + always/continually. 1 2 3 4 5 6

My brother borrows my MP3 player. Tom phones me early in the morning. My dog sleeps on my bed. Jess tells people what to do. She’s so bossy! I forget my house keys. Simon gets to school late.

14 Pairwork. Talk about the irritating habits your friends/ family have.

1 /05 MP3

Name some jobs where people work shifts. Which jobs are well-paid/not very well-paid? Which workers might be on call? Why do people take a day off work? Name some 9 to 5 jobs. Think of reasons why some people work part-time.

18 Listen to a radio interview about working times and tick

the workplaces that require employees to work unusual hours.

1 2 3 4 5

12 Read text C and look at the grammar box. 1 Find two things that Harry finds annoying. 2 How do you know he’s annoyed by these things?

work normal office hours (text A) not work for two weeks (text C) go on holiday for three or four weeks (text A) be at work (text B) be available in an emergency (text C) earn a good salary (text C) be on holiday from work (text C) work part of the week (text A) work for periods night and day (text B) do extra hours at work (text B)

banks emergency services hospitals supermarkets schools

6 7 8 9 10

factories hairdressing leisure services libraries call centres

19 Listen again and answer true (T) or false (F). Correct the false sentences.

1 2 3 4 5 6

Most people have 9 to 5 jobs these days. Some supermarkets are always open. In the past, only doctors and nurses worked shifts. People are happy to wait for services. Technology has changed the way people work. Most people have their free time at the weekend.

Writing 20 Write a list of the advantages and disadvantages of the working hours of the different people in texts A-C.


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7 21-11-2011 10:08:33

A busy life Grammar

Grammar

Phrasal verbs

Present perfect

A phrasal verb is a verb + preposition or adverb: get up, look for, find out, look after They have a different meaning from the original verb. I always look up new words in my dictionary.

Has/have + past participle We use the present perfect to talk about actions that have been completed before now but we don’t say when it happened. We often use ever and never. Kate’s worked as a teacher and as a musician. She’s never been to the USA. Have you ever had a Saturday job?


21 Match the phrasal verbs in the list to the definitions 1-6. take off look for give up look after get up lie in 1 2 3 4 5 6

stop doing something stay in bed longer than usual leave the ground (plane) try to find (a job) take care of leave your bed in the morning

22 Answer the questions. 1 What time do you get up on Sundays? 2 Are many people looking for a job in your country at the moment? 3 Who looks after the pets in your family? 4 What sort of information do you look up on the Internet?


23 Read the job adverts and Ed’s interview below. Which job is Ed having an interview for?

24 Now complete the interview with the correct form of the present perfect, simple or continuous.

the supermarket We’re looking for tem porary shop workers for our city centre store. Ou r store is open 24 hours a day, so shift work is required. Previous experience pre ferred.

We’re looking for tem porary staff to work in our garden centre, serving customers and lookin g after the plants. Some previous experience preferred.

Int. 1 (you/leave) school? Ed Yes, 2 (finish) school and 3 (wait) to start university in September. Int. So, 4 (you/ever/work) in a shop? 5 Ed Yes, I .I6 (have) a Saturday job at my local 7 newsagent’s. I (have) the job for two years. Int. Good, but you 8 (not work) in a big superstore, like this, right? Ed No, I 9 . Int. So, 10 (ever/work) shifts? Ed No, never, but I don’t mind working at night. Int. 11 (you/take) money and give change at the newsagent’s? Ed Yes, I 12 (spend) most of my time serving customers. 13 Int. (you/know) our supermarket? 14 Ed Yes, I (come) here sometimes to do the shopping.

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7-11-2011 12:22:40

1 Speaking

Functions • networking

25 Write Ed’s summary of his work experience for his job application. Use the notes.

• experience shop work • Saturday job local newsagent’s • no shift work • experience dealing with customers and money

I’ve had some work experience …

26 Read the other job advert on page 8 and prepare some questions for the employer to ask at the job interview. Then role-play the interview.

Grammar State verbs State verbs are rarely used in the continuous tenses because they refer to states or conditions. State verbs belong to four main groups: 1 senses: see, hear, taste, smell, feel 2 feelings: like, love, prefer, hate, want, wish 3 having/being: own, belong, need, seem 4 thinking: think, know, realise, understand


27 Underline the state verb in each pair of sentences. Then explain the difference in meaning.

1 2 3 4 5

a I think that’s a really bad idea! b We’re thinking of getting a dog. a John’s having a week off. b She has a secretary and two assistants. a This ice cream tastes really good. b I’m tasting the sauce because I think I forgot to put the salt in it. a Look! The dog is smelling your shoes! b This yogurt smells disgusting! a My boss expects me to work overtime! b Emma’s expecting a baby soon.

28 Choose the correct alternatives. I love telecommuting! It’s 10am on a Tuesday morning and I 1 sit/’m sitting at my desk and I 2 wear/’m wearing my pyjamas! That’s one of the advantages of working from home. Also, I 3 realise/’m realising I’m lucky because I 4 don’t waste/’m not wasting time travelling to an office. I 5 look/’m looking at my diary now – I’ve got a doctor’s appointment this afternoon. No problem, I can work this evening to catch up the time. When you 6 work/’re working from home, you 7 need/‘re needing to organise your time carefully. I 8 don’t chat/’m not chatting to colleagues at the coffee machine but I’m sure you 9 agree/’re agreeing there are plenty of other distractions at home! I 10 suppose/’m supposing I must do some work now.

29 Read the dialogue and find examples of: 1 confirmation of a fact 2 talking about experience 3 a negative question A Hi, I’m Kate Silver. B Hi, you’re George’s sister, aren’t you? Come and meet some of my friends. Here’s Colin. He’s just found a new job. Colin, this is Kate. She’s been in Africa for six months, doing voluntary work. C Hi. I think we’ve met before, haven’t we? A You’re right! Weren’t you in the Heston Drama group?

30 Pairwork. Say five things you think you know about your partner and ask for confirmation.

You’ve got two brothers, haven’t you? You live in a flat, don’t you? You’ve started guitar lessons, haven’t you?

31 Think of some interesting experiences you’ve had and write notes.

I’ve been to Euro Disney. I’ve been on TV.

32 In groups of three, repeat the dialogue. Then, introduce each other: mention personal experience and confirm information.


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9 7-11-2011 12:22:41

Reading and Training

The Model Millionaire by Oscar Wilde

All about... Oscar Wilde (1854-1900) Famous books: The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890); The Canterville Ghost (1891); The Importance of Being Earnest (1894) Type: plays, novels, poetry Hughie Erskine is in love with Laura Merton but he is poor. Laura’s father doesn’t want them to get married until Hughie has ten thousand pounds. One day Hughie goes to visit his friend Alan Trevor, who is an artist. Alan is painting a portrait of a beggar. Hughie feels sorry for the beggar because he looks so unhappy. ‘How much do you give him for a sitting?’ Hughie asks. ‘A shilling for an hour.’ ‘And how much money do you earn from your pictures, Alan?’ ‘Oh, this picture is worth about two thousand pounds!’ replies Alan. ‘I don’t think you pay your model enough. He works as hard as you do,’ says Hughie. ‘Nonsense, nonsense. Now sit down and be quiet. I’ll be back in a moment.’ The artist leaves the studio. The old beggar sits down for a moment. He looks so poor and unhappy. Hughie feels sorry for the man and decides to give him the only coin he has in his pocket. ‘Poor man,’ he thinks, ‘he needs it more

2 Read the text again, then answer the questions.

Reading 1 /06 MP3

1 Read and listen to the text. Then answer the questions and explain why in each case.

1 2 3 4

Who does Hughie think is unkind? Who is generous? Who feels stupid? Who is not the person he appears to be?

Reading Skills Understanding the text • Read exercise 1 before you read the text. • Read the whole text to understand the general meaning. • Don’t worry about words you don’t know. • Answer the first exercise before reading the text again.

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1 What do Alan and Hughie talk about first? 2 Why does Alan give the old man a coin? 3 Why does Hughie think the beggar is waiting outside his house for him? 4 Why does Hughie say Trevor has no heart? 5 Who is Laura? 6 Why does Hughie feel embarrassed? 7 Why does Hughie think Baron Hausberg has sent his representative? 8 Why do you think the Baron has sent Hughie the money?


7-11-2011 12:22:52

The Model Millionaire

1

‘My dear boy, that old beggar, as you call him, is one of the richest men in Europe. He could buy all of London tomorrow. He has a house in every capital city and only eats from gold plates.’ ‘What are you talking about?’ asked Hughie. ‘The old man in my studio this morning’, Alan explained, ‘was Baron Hausberg. He’s a great friend of mine: he buys all my pictures.’ ‘So, I’ve given Baron Hausberg a coin? What a fool I am!’ Hughie feels very embarrassed and he leaves the club feeling very unhappy. At breakfast the next morning, Hughie’s servant comes in and announces, ‘Sir, a representative of Baron Hausberg is waiting to see you.’ ‘Oh, no, he probably wants me to apologise for what happened yesterday,’ thought Hughie. An old man entered the room, holding an envelope. ‘The Baron has told me to give you this envelope.’ On the envelope are the words: A wedding present to Hughie Erskine and Laura Merton from an old beggar, and inside is a cheque for ten thousand pounds. At the wedding, Alan Trevor is the best man and the Baron makes a speech. ‘Millionaire models are rare,’ remarks Alan, ‘but model millionaires are even rarer!’

than I do.’ Hughie walks across the studio and gives the beggar the coin. The old man is surprised and smiles at Hughie. ‘Thank you, sir,’ he says, ‘thank you.’ Alan returns. Hughie says goodbye and decides to spend the afternoon with Laura. She tells him sweetly that he is stupid to give his money away. He has so little of it. Later that evening, Hughie meets Alan Trevor at his club. ‘I’ve finished the portrait of the beggar!’ says Alan, ‘You certainly made an incredible impression on him. He’s devoted to you so I told him all about you, who you are, where you live, your financial situation – everything!’ ‘Alan,’ cries Hughie, ‘he’s probably waiting outside my house at this moment! But you’re joking, of course. Poor man! He’s so miserable. I have lots of old clothes at home I could give him.’ ‘But he looks splendid in his old clothes. I only paint him when he’s dressed like a poor man,’ replies Alan Trevor. ‘You painters have no heart,’ Hughie replied. ‘An artist’s heart is his head, said Alan, ‘our job is to show the world as it is, not to change it. Now, how is Laura? The beggar is very interested in her.’ ‘You haven’t told him about Laura, have you?’ Hughie asked. ‘Of course, he knows about the lovely Laura, her father and the ten thousand pounds,’ replies his friend. ‘So, that beggar knows everything about me?’ asks Hughie.

adapted from Lord Arthur Saville’s Crime and other stories, Black Cat Reading and Training, Step Three

Look it up! • beggar • best man • worth

Listening 1 /07

3 Listen to Evie and Simon talking about jobs and their importance to society. Circle the jobs they mention.

MP3

ambulance driver shop assistant footballer police officer journalist TV presenter teacher doctor 1 /07

4 Listen again. Which jobs from the list in exercise 3

MP3

do Evie and Simon describe as ‘important’ and say that they should be better paid? fire fighter artist nurse train driver actor personal trainer

1 /07 MP3

5 Listen again and decide which person, Evie (E) or Simon (S), expresses these opinions.

1 Some footballers earn more than £10 million a year. 2 Nurses do a demanding job. 3 Transport workers do an essential job. 4 People who do important jobs should be well-paid. 5 Police officers and teachers have more important jobs than sports people. 6 Not all actors earn high salaries.

>> See Skills Bank pages 112 and 113.


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11 7-11-2011 12:23:02

2 The text generation

Objectives Grammar present perfect vs past simple present perfect with ever, never, just, already, yet present perfect continuous for and since present perfect simple vs continuous Vocabulary communication and technology

Have you ever left your mobile at home? Has your broadband connection ever stopped working? How did you feel? These days, texting, instant messaging (IM) and online chat are the most popular channels of communication between teens, and social networking sites have become a big part of many people’s lives. But have you ever tried to imagine how life was only twenty years ago, when people didn’t have email, but sent letters by post, and they made calls using the landline because mobiles didn’t exist? Cameron Hooley, 17, and Emily Kirk, 16, have just spent a week without their smartphones, laptops and Internet connections. How have they found a technology-free lifestyle?

How much do you usually use technology? Recently I’ve been spending about two hours a day on my social networking site. I’ve got 450 friends. Unfortunately my best friend hasn’t joined a social network yet – but it’s OK, we talk when we play online games. I send and receive about 30 text messages every day. They’re about meeting up – ‘where r u?’, ‘c u in 10 mins’, that type of thing. I’ve never used my mobile to call people. Calls are expensive. How have you spent this week without technology? It’s been quite hard. I’ve been phoning my friends on the landline quite a lot. Some friends live near me so I’ve been to their houses to chat face-to-face. I’ve felt quite isolated sometimes, and I’ve missed out on some events because I’ve not seen the invitations.

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How much do you usually use technology? I’ve been social networking since last year, and I’ve already got 639 friends. The busiest time for online chat is around 9 or 10pm. I chat to about ten people at the same time. I don’t have much of a social life outside my bedroom! How have you spent this week without technology? I’ve just remembered a similar experience I had last year. We went to Wales for a week. There was no mobile signal, no TV, no broadband connection. It was really hard. I knew I had texts, and messages on my profile page, but I couldn’t respond. This time it has been easier because I’ve been at school. I’ve been arranging to meet with friends when I’m there. The problem was, sometimes the plans changed and they couldn’t contact me!


7-11-2011 12:28:48

2 Presentation 1 Before you read. How many different ways of communicating can you think of? Write a list in two minutes. Compare with a partner.

1 /08 MP3

Are you dependent on technology?

2 Read and listen to the article. How many points

1

on your list are in the article?

How many of the following have you got? laptop • social network account • smartphone mobile phone • email address • personal blog a all of them b 4 or more c 3 or less

3 Read the article again and answer the questions. 1 How much time does Cameron spend on social networking sites every week? 2 How does he communicate with his best friend? 3 Why doesn’t Cameron call friends on his mobile? 4 What does Emily usually do between 9 and 10pm? Where? 5 Why was her holiday in Wales difficult?

Vocabulary • communication and technology

2

3

4 Read the article again and find ten words that match the definitions.

1 l_ _ _ _ _ _ _: a traditional telephone 2 e_ _ _ _: a written message you send from your computer 3 i_ _ _ _ _ _ m_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _: a form of immediate written communication online 4 m_ _ _ _ _: a phone you can use anywhere 5 o_ _ _ _ _ g_ _ _ _: you play them on the Internet 6 o_ _ _ _ _ c_ _ _: a way of talking to people on the web 7 s_ _ _ _ _ n_ _ _ _ _ _ : a website where you make friends and meet people 8 l_ _ _ _ _: communication using pen and paper 9 s_ _ _ _ p_ _ _ _: a mobile that sends emails and accesses the Internet 10 t_ _ _: a short mobile phone message

4

How much time do you spend online? a 3 hours or more a day b less than 3 hours a day c a few hours a week How many texts do you send and receive a day? a more than 30 b between 10 and 30 c less than 10 Have you ever…? • visited a chat room • played online games • posted a blog entry a yes, all three b yes, one or two of them c no, never

5

6

5 Which noun doesn’t match the verb?

Quiz answers

send a a text b an instant message c a chat receive a a letter b a landline c a text text a a friend b a message c a mobile post a a blog entry b a letter c an email join a a social networking site b a club c a blog write a a text b a chat c a blog

Mostly A: You’re a ‘sofaliser’! You prefer to socialise from the comfort of your sofa! Mostly B: You like going online but can’t live without your mobile! Mostly C: You quite like technology, but you prefer to get out there and have a REAL social life!

1 2 3 4 5 6

6 Answer the quiz questions and check the results. Do you agree?

7 Pairwork. Use the vocabulary in exercises 4 and 5 to

add two more questions. Then interview your partner.


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13 21-11-2011 10:09:25

The text generation Grammar

10 Read the text again and underline the verbs in the

8 Who is the man in the photo below? What do you know about him?

present perfect simple.

11 Match sentences from the text to the rules in the grammar box.

9 Complete the biography with the past simple of the verbs in the list.

Present perfect vs past simple

be (x2) establish go receive recognise start write

Mark Zuckerberg

born in White Plains, New

1

York, on 14th May 1984. He 2

his first computer

program in the 1990s, when he 3 In 2001 he

We use the present perfect: • to talk about unfinished actions that started in the past and continue in the present

at school.

to Harvard to study psychology and

4

computer science, and in 2004 he 5 It 6

Facebook.

as a directory of Harvard students, but since

1 • to talk about actions that happened in the past but without saying when 2 • to talk about life experiences 3 We use the past simple: • to talk about an action that started and finished at a specified moment in the past

then it has become the world’s biggest social networking

site, with more than half a billion users!

Remember! We use the past simple to ask and answer questions about the past with when. A When was the last time you went abroad? B Two years ago. I went to Spain with my family.

Zuckerberg now lives in California, and Facebook has made him a multimillionaire. He’s met President Obama, he’s starred in the Simpsons, and Hollywood has made

4

a film about him. Many people have offered to buy Facebook, >> See Workbook page 12.

but he has refused to sell. In 2010, he The award

an award from Time Magazine.

7 8

his influence on the world.

Mark Zuckerberg has completely changed the way we communicate.

12 Complete the sentences with the present perfect or past simple of the verbs in brackets.

1 The first text (be) between a computer and a phone in 1992. It (say) ‘Happy Christmas’. 2 Lady Gaga (stop) using Twitter recently because she doesn’t like it. 3 More than 300,000 users (help) translate Facebook into 70 languages. 4 In 2009 mobile phone users in the USA (send) a million texts every day. 5 More than 246 million people (buy) a mobile phone in China in 2010. 6 The number of text messages sent in the world (decrease) every year for the last four years.

13 Pairwork. Decide if the sentences in exercise 12 are

true (T) or false (F). Then check the answers below.

Answers to exercise 12 1T 2F – Lady Gaga is one of Twitter’s most regular users. 3T 4F – They sent a billion a day! 5T 6F – The number of text messages has increased every year.

14 012_021_U2.indd 14


7-11-2011 12:28:53

2 Grammar 1 /09 MP3

16 Write the text messages from the prompts.

Use the present perfect and the words in brackets.

14 Listen and complete the dialogue with the words

1 I/arrive/home. (just) You/finish/work? (yet)

in the list.

2 Don’t wait for me. I/eat. (already)

already ever just (x2) never (x2) yet (x2)

3 You/visit/London? (ever) I/buy/train tickets. (just)

joined Luke Hey, guess what? My gran’s 1 Facebook! Matt What? You’re joking! Luke No, really. She joined yesterday and she’s 2 got 35 friends. Matt Wow! She’s popular! Has she sent you a friend request 3 ? Luke No, she hasn’t. And she hasn’t learnt to chat 4 . Matt Cool! I’ve 5 heard of someone’s gran on Facebook! Luke I know. Hey, have you 6 used Twitter? Matt No, I haven’t. Why? Luke She’s joined that too! Matt Your gran’s amazing! My grandmother’s 7 used a computer in her life! But I’ve 8 had an idea for a birthday present!

4 I/see that film. (already) It’s terrible. 5 No cinema tonight. I/not finish my homework. (yet) 6 I/buy/a new mobile! (just) It’s great!

17 Complete the sentences so they are true for you. Compare with a partner.

1 2 3 4 5

I’ve never lost My teacher has just I’ve already eaten I’ve never visited We’ve just studied

. . today. . in (subject).

6 I’ve already

this week.

Pronunciation • have 1 /10 MP3

We use: • 1 for actions that happened a very short time before speaking. • 2 in negative sentences and questions for something we think will happen in the future. • 3 for something that happened before we expected it to. • 4 to ask about something that happened at any moment in our life. • 5 for something that hasn’t ever happened in our life. Ever, never, just and already go before the main verb. Yet goes at the end of the sentence.


pronunciation of the words in bold.

a /v/: I’ve just texted him. b /h´v/: What have you done? c /hœv/: Yes, I have.

15 Complete the rules in the grammar box. Present perfect with ever, never, just, already, yet

18 Listen and repeat the sentences. Notice the

1 /11 MP3

19 Listen to the sentences and match them to the

pronunciation in exercise 18 (a-c). Practise saying them.

1 2 3 4 5 6

I’ve never met him. Have you ever lost your mobile? They’ve already arrived. I think we have. Have they called you? We probably have.

Writing 20 Write notes about something unusual that you have

done in your life (what you did or saw, when you did it, who you were with and how you felt).

21 Now write your description in about 60 words.

Remember to use the present perfect and the past simple.


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15 21-11-2011 10:09:42

The text generation Grammar

Grammar 25 Circle the correct answers, for or since, in

Present perfect continuous

the Watch out! box. Add three more time phrases to each example.

We use the present perfect continuous: • to focus on a continuous action that hasn’t finished I’ve been reading. (and I’m still reading) • to talk about an action that has finished but has a consequence in the present I’ve been working all day. (and I’m tired)

Watch out! We use for/since with lengths of time. We use for/since with points in time. for

since Saturday Christmas

five days three weeks


22 Match the consequences (1-4) to the recent actions (a-d).

1 2 3 4 a b c d

He’s ready for the exam. I don’t feel well. Mum’s really tired. It’s wet outside.


26 Complete the second sentence using the verb in brackets in the present perfect continuous and for or since.

I’ve been eating chocolate all afternoon. It’s been raining for hours. He’s been studying all weekend. She’s been working really hard.

23 Read and complete the online chat dialogue with

the present perfect continuous of the verbs in brackets.

24 Read the dialogue again and answer the questions. 1 2 3 4

4 5

How long has Amber been trying to text Kelly? How long has Kelly had her new mobile? How long has Jake been working on his project? How long have they been trying to fix the landline?

>Amb_6 Hi Kelly, what 1 (you do)? I you 3 (not answer). >Ke11y Hi Amber. Sorry, I

1 2 3

2

Anna had her first English lessons last year. (learn) She last year. Our neighbours moved to Edinburgh a month ago. (live) They a month. My dad started to play the guitar at school. (play) He he was at school. Alex switched the TV on three hours ago. (watch) Alex three hours. My uncle started a new job at the bank last week. (work) My uncle a week.

(text) you for five days, but

(not use) my mobile.

4

>Amb_6 Why? Have you lost it? You’ve only had it since Saturday! >Ke11y No, I haven’t lost it, but it >Amb_6

6

>Ke11y No, we

(not work). I’ve sent it back to the shop.

5

(you use) the chat lately? 7

(have) problems with the laptop. It

8

(crash) a lot.

>Amb_6 Oh no! Have you lost any work? >Ke11y No, but Jake’s lost some of his history project. He’s angry. He 9 (work) on it for three weeks. >Amb_6 Have you called the technical support? >Ke11y Er, no, not yet. We

16 012_021_U2.indd 16

10

(try) to fix the landline since Christmas!


7-11-2011 12:28:54

2 Grammar

Functions • getting technical support

Present perfect simple vs continuous We use the present perfect continuous when we want to focus on the continuous activity and/or the time spent, and not the result. She’s been cooking all day. We use the present perfect simple when we want to focus on the result of the activity. She’s made a cake. In some cases we can use either tense with little difference in meaning. I’ve lived here for five years. I’ve been living here for five years.


27 Use the verbs in brackets in the present perfect simple or continuous to complete the sentences.

1 We in the hills today. We five kilometres. (walk/walk) 2 She for her exams all day, and she five cups of coffee. (study/have) 3 My dad this morning. He the bathroom. (paint/paint) 4 He computer programs since he was 13. He more than twenty programs. (write/write) 5 I the piano for ten years, and I at five concerts. (play/perform) 6 They for the last year and finally they a marathon. (train/run) 7 Oh, no! My computer !I on this history project for three months! (crash/work) 8 We Jane Austen in our English lessons, but I the books! (study/not read)

Speaking 28 Tick the activities in the list that you do. Add any other

1 /12 MP3

1 /12 MP3

30 Listen to Kelly’s conversation with technical support.

Which problem is she calling about? What is the solution?

31 Who says what? Listen again and write TS (technical support) or K (Kelly) next to the phrases in the box.

USEFUL PHRASES a I’ve been having problems with my laptop. b Have you tried switching it off and on again? c It’s been crashing. d Have you tried changing the battery? e Thanks for your help. f How can I help you? g What model is it? h How long have you had it?

activities that you do to the list.

• • • • • •

play a musical instrument (which?) do a sport (which?) learn English support a team (which?) study another language (which?) study at secondary school

32 Reorder the phrases in the useful phrases box to reconstruct the dialogue. Practise the dialogue.

33 Read the role cards and role-play the situation. Then swap roles.

exercise 28.

Student A: your parents have just given you a new mobile, but you’ve been having problems with it. It hasn’t been sending text messages. Call technical support (Student B).

A B A B

Student B: you provide technical support. Student A calls you with a problem. Ask questions about the problem and suggest solutions. Find out which model it is and how old it is. If necessary, offer to change it.

29 Pairwork. Interview your partner about the activities in Do you play a musical instrument? Yes, I play the drums. How long have you been playing the drums? I’ve been playing the drums for about two years.


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17 7-11-2011 12:28:55

Real life Cybercrime and identity fraud Cybercrime has been increasing recently. More and more people have laptops and smart phones, and have been using the Internet to carry out many of their daily tasks. They don’t only use the Internet to communicate and socialise. But it has become common for people to book their holidays, buy their clothes, and order their shopping online. They use online banking, they pay their bills, they download music and films and they exchange files. All of these activities leave a trail of personal data and information. Cybercriminals enter computer systems and networks, and steal the data. We, the users, are often responsible because we don’t protect our computers!

THE CRIMES: HACKING

Where does cybercrime come from? United States United Kingdom Nigeria Canada Romania

63.2% 15.3% 5.7% 5.6% 1.5%

Source: The Internet Crime Complaint Center annual report

Have you ever received an unusual email message from someone you’ve never met? Have you ever had a request for money by email, or has someone from another country asked if they can transfer a large amount of money into your bank account? Perhaps you have received a request from your bank to change your password… but you don’t have a bank account?! WATCH OUT! There’s a cybercriminal about…

18 012_021_U2.indd 18

Hackers use their expertise and knowledge to illegally enter your computer system. They do it through the Internet, and of course you can’t see them! They can steal personal data, bank details and passwords. Sometimes they leave a virus, that can spread to other computers, or they destroy files on your computer. Some hackers do this so they can steal money or use credit cards. But others are young students. They do it for fun, but they can cause a lot of damage.

PHISHING Imagine you’ve just received an email from your bank, or the post office. The email seems official, it has the bank’s official logo. The bank has asked you to confirm your bank account number and password by email. You send the details… to a criminal! The criminal can access your account, and take your money! Banks say they never request your password or bank details by email, so don’t reply!

IDENTITY FRAUD Have you ever thought about what criminals can do with your personal information? They can create a new identity for themselves, they can ‘become’ you, with your name, address, and information about your family and friends. Many criminals have escaped from the police because they have ‘become’ another person, by stealing that person’s identity. The criminals continue to commit crimes, but with a real person’s identity. Sometimes the police have arrested the victim by mistake!


7-11-2011 12:29:00

2 Reading 1 Before you read. What do you know about Internet

crime? What are the following? Discuss with the class, then read and check.

INTERNET SCAMS Have you ever received a request to transfer some money from another country into your bank account? The cybercriminals usually promise to give you a percentage of the money, so it’s very tempting because people think they can become rich! Unfortunately many people have sent their bank details to the criminals… and their money has disappeared! This is a type of fraud, and it is very difficult to get the money back.

identity fraud Internet scams cyberbullying hacking phishing 1 /13 MP3

CYBERBULLYING One of the most common Internet crimes is online harassment, or cyberbullying. This has become very common among teenagers: a third of teenagers in the UK have been victims of cyberbullying. If someone has been sending you offensive or threatening emails or messages to your phone, or your social networking page, remember it is a crime, so you can get help. Speak to your parents, your friends or a teacher. If you think you are in danger, go to the police.

2 Read and listen to the text, then answer the questions. Which crime(s)… 1 use stolen data? 2 can damage your computer? 3 use false letters from banks? 4 ask for money? 5 insult and offend? 6 are the most serious, in your opinion?

Listening Listening Skills Understanding the context • The first time you listen to the audio, you need to understand its context. • Make sure you understand what information you are being asked for. • Don’t worry about details or difficult words the first time you listen. 1 /14 MP3

1 /14 MP3

3 Listen to an interview with a policeman about how to

avoid cybercrime. Number the crimes from the text in the order he talks about them.

4 Listen again. Which crime does he make these suggestions for?

1 2 3 4 5 6

DO activate a firewall. DO save the message. DO check with the bank. DO speak to a parent or friend. DON’T send bank details to people. DO make your social networking profile private. 7 DON’T tell anyone your password. 8 DO create difficult passwords.

Speaking 5 Work in groups of four. Prepare a list of DOs and DON’Ts for one of the following:

1 safe use of social networking sites 2 safe use of Internet chat rooms 3 texting etiquette

6 Compare your dos and don’ts with another group. Which group has the best suggestions?

>> See Skills Bank pages 114-115. Moving Up INTERMEDIATE Student's Book and Workbook © 2012 De Agostini Scuola S.p.A. – Novara

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19 7-11-2011 12:29:03

Round-up VOCABULARY

Present tenses: simple, continuous, perfect

Make, do, have

4 Complete the sentences with the pairs of verbs from

1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of

the list in the present simple, continuous or perfect. leave/not buy be/not like rain/go do/visit finish/watch send/not reply sleep/not eat eat/not try not take off/snow not work/be

make, do or have.

1 Sally and Lisa a party last night. We a lot of fun and I some new friends. 2 We need to some exercise. Let’s a swim. 3 I some mistakes in the exam yesterday, I think I really badly. 4 We’ve a lot of progress, now we’re a break. 5 Please sure your little sister a shower before breakfast. 6 Could you me a favour, and breakfast? 7 Last year our scientists a lot of research, and our project well. 8 I’m my best to help you, but you need to a decision!

Work and technology

2 Complete the sentences with words from the list. day off email mobile on call well-paid online games overtime shifts text 1 I’m working 8-hour this week. 2 The doctor is today, you can contact him on his . 3 My laptop isn’t working, so I haven’t received your . Can you send me a ? 4 He’s got a today, and he’s been playing since this morning. 5 My sister’s got a great job. She usually works but she’s very .

Phrasal verbs

3 Create phrasal verbs from the lists to complete the sentences.

check (x2) get look (x2) take after in off out up (x2) All hotel guests have to before midday. The plane three hours late yesterday. We’re out this evening, can you your brother? I had a day off yesterday, so I at 11am. You have to at the airport two hours before the flight. this word in the dictionary for me? 6 Can you

20 012_021_U2.indd 20

Ever, never, just, yet, already, for and since

5 Choose the correct alternatives. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

I’ve never/yet been skiing. Have you cooked dinner ever/yet? I’m hungry! They’ve lived here for/since February. Jane’s at the hospital, she’s already/just had an accident. Luke’s already/just called me three times today. I haven’t seen her for/since years. She hasn’t called me yet/already. Have you ever/yet been to London?

Present perfect simple vs past simple

6 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets

GRAMMAR

1 2 3 4 5

1 My dad today, because he on leave. 2 I (never) to New York, because I flying. 3 Jake because he’s not well, and he anything today yet. 4 I usually my homework on Saturdays, but today I my cousins. 5 The planes today because it . 6 I him a text, but he yet. 7 Alice her homework, so now she TV. 8 Quick! The train but we our tickets! 9 Oh, no! It and Sally (just) out for a walk. 10 George often fish but he sushi.

using the present perfect or the past simple.

1 Where (be) you last week? 2 She (just call) me. 3 I (not see) Matt today yet, but I (see) him yesterday. 4 (you do) your homework yet? Yes, I (do) it this morning. 5 When (you go) to Paris? 6 They (already/receive) my text. 7 I (never meet) a famous person. 8 We (not be) at school yesterday because the teachers had a training day. 9 I (go) to Canada when I (be) twelve. 10 Petra (live) in Verona all her life.


8-11-2011 18:04:39

1-2 Present perfect simple vs present perfect continuous

FCE PRACTICE

7 Use the verbs in the list to write a sentence in the

present perfect simple and another in the present perfect continuous for each picture. break a vase break his leg cook ski swim have a party make a cake win a medal

1

2

3

4

Use of English PART 1 FCE

1 Choose the best alternatives (a, b, c or d) to complete the gaps.

My sisters love technology. They’ve been using social networking sites for years. To be honest, I don’t really have time to ‘sofalise’, I 1 so much recently. But I’ve just done my 2 , and now I’ve got two months off. My sisters are spending their holiday 3 texts to their friends, and having parties! They seem to 4 all their friends on the Internet. I don’t ‘sofalise’, but I spend a lot of time on the Internet. I love doing 5 . Recently I’ve been looking 6 information about universities. I want to study medicine but I haven’t chosen a university 7 . Doctors have a difficult job. They’re often on call, and they work shifts. But it’s a well-paid and interesting job, I think. When I’m not surfing the net, I play online 8 ! I love them! It’s incredible to think that I’ve never been on a real aeroplane, but I’ve 9 been flying in a virtual one! Look! 10 My best friend’s sent me a text. He’s on holiday and he’s just checked 11 at the airport. He’s flying to New York on a real aeroplane! I don’t mind because I’ve flown aeroplanes, and I’ve driven Formula One cars, and I can play football in my bedroom. But now I 12 out for some fresh air! 1 a ’ve studied c ’m studying 2 a progress c exams 3 a emailing c having 4 a make c do 5 a progress c mistakes 6 a after c to 7 a ever c already 8 a games c email 9 a already c yet 10 a yet c just 11 a out c in 12 a went c ’ve gone

b studied d ’ve been studying b favours d best b receiving d sending b have d be b decisions d research b up d around b yet d just b chat d blogs b never d ever b ever d never b over d at b ’m going d ’ve been going


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21 7-11-2011 12:29:05

3 Voyages of discovery

Objectives Grammar past simple, past continuous, past perfect past time expressions used to/would + infinitive Vocabulary science and discovery phrasal verbs (travel) verb-noun collocations

Islands. Darwin visited all the islands and It was 1831 and Captain Robert FitzRoy was he carefully studied the plants, animals and preparing his ship HMS Beagle for a two-year birds and caught specimens to add to his voyage across the Atlantic to South America. collections. He was planning to survey the sea and coast While the ship was sailing to Tahiti, Darwin around South America and, as a keen scientist, examined the birds he had caught. He noticed he was looking for a young graduate who was that one species of bird, the finch, varied interested in geology, botany and fossils to depending on the island it had come from. accompany him on the voyage. He had asked a Charles Darwin This fact intrigued Charles Darwin and he started friend of his, who worked at Cambridge University, but thinking about why this was. his friend had refused. However, this friend suggested On its return journey, HMS Beagle stopped in Tahiti, New a 22-year-old graduate who had just completed a field study Zealand, Australia and South Africa. with a famous geologist. The student’s name was Charles Darwin The voyage lasted five years and, in that time, Charles Darwin spent and he accepted the opportunity immediately. about three years and three months on land and a year and a half HMS Beagle set off from England on December 27th 1831 and, at sea. During the long sea voyages, Darwin would spend his time before arriving in Brazil, it visited a number of islands in the Atlantic examining the samples he had collected and writing detailed notes Ocean. Captain FitzRoy, Darwin and the ship’s doctor were keen about them. He also used to analyse the observations he had made. to explore these islands and collected samples of rocks, plants, It was during the voyage on HMS Beagle that he first started thinking insects, animals and birds. about his theory of evolution. When the ship reached South America, Darwin explored the land Meanwhile, back in Cambridge, Darwin’s professor and colleagues while Captain FitzRoy was surveying the coast. Darwin collected were so impressed by his discoveries that they had published some samples of the unusual wildlife, plants and rocks and sent them of his notes and observations in scientific journals. When he arrived back to his professor in Cambridge. back in England in October 1836, Darwin was surprised to find that He travelled in the Andes while the ship was in port in Lima. In 1835, he had become quite famous while he was away. HMS Beagle set off from Peru, and sailed north to the Galapagos

22 022_029_U3.indd 22


7-11-2011 12:32:33

3 Presentation 1 /15 MP3

3 Role-play an interview between a journalist and Charles

1 Read and listen to the text, look at the map and complete the fact file.

HMS BEAGLE’S HISTORIC VOYAGE

Darwin just after his return from his voyage on HMS Beagle.

Student A: you are the journalist. Prepare questions about the voyage and the discoveries. Student B: you are Charles Darwin. Use the text on page 22 to answer the questions.

Date of departure:

1

Date of return:

2

Vocabulary • science and discovery

Duration:

3

4 Complete the table. Use a dictionary to help you.

Purpose of voyage:

4

Route:

5

Ship’s commander:

6

Scientist:

7

Important species studied:

8

Which suffixes do we use to talk about these people? subject

person botanist

1

geology

2

chemistry

3

Time at sea:

9

zoology

5

Importance of voyage:

10

psychology

6

2 Read the text again and answer the questions. 1 Why did Captain FitzRoy want to take a scientist on the voyage? 2 What had Darwin just done? 3 What did Darwin do while the ship sailed round the coast of South America? 4 What did Darwin do with the samples he collected? 5 What did Darwin notice about the finches from the Galapagos Islands? 6 How long was HMS Beagle at sea? 7 How did he spend his time when the ship was sailing? 8 Why was he famous when he returned to England?

biologist

4

7

physicist

8

astronomer

5 Match a description to a subject in exercise 4. a b c d e f g h

the study of all the objects in space the study of chemical elements and compounds the study of plants, fruits and flowers the science of matter and energy in space and time the science of rocks and the formation of the earth the study of the evolution and habits of animals the science of the mind and behaviour the study of life and living organisms

6 Match the word groups in the list to the verbs.

Sometimes there is more than one alternative. samples/specimens the answer/distance a survey/investigation an experiment/a study an observation/a discovery fossils/plants

1 do 2 make

3 carry out 4 calculate

5 collect 6 examine

7 Circle the odd word out. 1 2 3 4 5

analyse use take work in record

a results a a microscope a expedition a a lab a a telescope

b a sample b instruments b measurements b a survey b an observation

c c c c c

science fossil notes a team results

8 Talk about science at school. Discuss which subjects

you have studied, what you do in science lessons and which science subject you find most interesting.


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23 7-11-2011 12:32:34

Voyages of discovery Grammar

11 Read the texts again and choose the correct alternatives. 12 Put each man’s life events into chronological order,

Narrative tenses We use three tenses to talk about past events: 1 This is the most used tense; it can refer to short, quick actions as well as longer and repeated actions. 2 This tense is used for actions that were in progress at a certain time in the past. It is often used in sentences with the past simple. 3 This tense is used when there are two past actions, when one refers to an action that happened before the other. a The ship arrived at the port and the passengers got off. b When we arrived at the port, the ship had left. c While the ship was sailing, he wrote his journals.

looking carefully at the verb tenses used.

Green: – worked at Royal Observatory – joined Royal Navy – ...

13 Write questions, then answer them. 1 2 3 4 5

Where/Charles Green/work/before/join/navy? How/he/record/astronomical observations? What/job/Joseph Banks/do/when/join/voyage? Why/he/employ/artist? What/James Cook/do/ before/become/commander/ HMS Endeavour? 6 How/he/help/astronomer?

B


9 Read the grammar box and

match the examples (a-c) to the definitions (1-3). Then write the name of the tense.

C A

10 Read the texts quickly and

match the pictures to each one.

1

Charles Green (1735-1771),

astronomer Before he 1joined /was joining the Royal Navy, he had worked at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich as the assistant to the Astronomer Royal. His voyage on HMS Endeavour was his second voyage as an astronomer: before that he 2was /had been on a scientific voyage to Barbados to help calculate longitude. He 3used /was using a telescope to watch the transit of Venus across the Sun and he 4 recorded /was recording his observations by making notes and diagrams and taking measurements. During the return journey, he became ill and died before the ship reached England.

24 022_029_U3.indd 24

3

2

Joseph Banks (1743-1820), botanist

He had studied at Oxford university and was working as a scientific adviser to King George III when he 1joined /was joining HMS Endeavour. He 2had already been /was already going on voyages of scientific discovery to North America. He 3employed /was employing two other botanists to assist him on the voyage and an artist to paint detailed pictures of the important botanical discoveries they 4 made /were making in Australia and New Zealand.

James Cook (1728-1779), Royal Navy officer James Cook was working in the Royal Navy when King George III 1chose /was choosing him as commander of HMS Endeavour. He 2had had /was having some previous experience of voyages of discovery and he 3had made /was making the first maps of the coast of North America. He was very interested in astronomy and mathematics and 4 assisted /was assisting the ship’s astronomers in recording their astronomical observations.


7-11-2011 12:32:37

3 14 Write the verbs in brackets in the correct form of

17 Read the text in exercise 14 and correct the sentences.

the past simple, continuous or perfect.

1 King George III decided to send the expedition in 1768. 2 The astronomer had finished his observations when the botanists started work. 3 After the accident the ship sailed to New Zealand. 4 The ship had already had the accident before it reached the Great Barrier Reef. 5 The scientists repaired the ship when they had finished exploring.

In August 1768, HMS Endeavour . (leave) England under the command of Lieutenant James Cook with a team of scientists on board. The previous year, King (decide) to send a scientific expedition to George III 2 Tahiti to make some astronomical observations. By the (spend) nearly time the ship left England, James Cook 3 a year preparing for the long voyage. When the ship 4 (reach) Tahiti, it 5 (be) at sea for eight months. While 6 the astronomer (work) on his observations of the planets, the botanists 7 (explore) the island, collecting samples. HMS Endeavour then 8 (sail) round the coast 9 of New Zealand and (stop) in Australia. The ship 10 11 (have) an accident as it (sail) near the Great Barrier 12 Reef and it (take) seven weeks to repair the ship. During this time, the scientists 13 (can) continue their work on land. HMS Endeavour finally 14 (arrive) back in England in July 1771. 1

Writing 18 Imagine you are the artist on HMS Endeavour in

Australia. You help the botanists and draw the plants they collect. Read the texts in exercises 10 and 14 and make notes about the journey.

1 Places you have been to: 2 Other people on the ship: 3 Things you have done:

Grammar Past time expressions We frequently use: when: with all past tenses as soon as: with the past simple and past perfect while, as: with the past continuous and also the past simple already, by the time, before, after: with the past perfect

19 Now write a letter about the journey to a relative in England. Use your notes from exercise 18.

Watch out! • Use the most appropriate past tense. • Join the sentences with linkers and

Remember: during is followed by a noun and while is followed by a verb. I felt unwell during the journey. I felt unwell while we were travelling.


time conjunctions.

Listening 1 /16 MP3

15 Find examples of time expressions in exercise 14. Use each word at least once.

when while as during already by the time we arrived, the party had finished. I was studying, the electricity went off. We had seen the film at the cinema. The captain broke his arm the voyage. I dropped my bag I was getting off the bus. we set off, it wasn’t raining. I was so tired, I fell asleep the film. It was dark we got home.

put the events in order.

a b c d e f

16 Complete the sentences with the words in the list.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

20 Listen to the conversation between two students and

1 /16 MP3

Cook finished his apprenticeship. He sailed to Australia. He worked in a shop. He studied maths, navigation and astronomy. He went to school. He sailed on ships in the Baltic.

21 Listen again and answer the questions. 1 2 3 4 5 6

What sort of family did Cook come from? How long did he study for? What sort of ship did he work on at first? Why did he decide to join the Royal Navy? What special skill did he have? Which countries had he sailed to before he went to Australia?


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25 7-11-2011 12:32:37

Voyages of discovery

1 How long does it take to travel from London to New York by ship? a 10 days b 4 days c 2 weeks 2 What’s the flying time between Moscow and Paris? a 2 hours b 9 hours c 3 hours 3 How long does it take to drive from Rome to Berlin? a 4 hours b 12 hours c 18 hours 4 How long does it take to travel from London to Paris by train? a 2hrs 15 b 8 hours c 8hrs 30

People travelling from Europe to America used to travel by ship, which would take between 30 and 40 days. Steam ships used to take about 12 days. Travelling within Europe, people used to either catch steam trains or travel by coach and horses. On the journey from Paris to Moscow, which is 2,500kms, passengers would travel during the day and stay in hotels at night. The journey used to take over three weeks by coach. Even the trip from Rome to Berlin used to take about two weeks. If British people wanted to travel abroad they used to travel to a port on the south coast, catch a ferry to France or Belgium and then continue by train or coach and horses. So the journey from London to Paris would take a couple of days, including an overnight stay in a hotel. Quiz answers 1b 2c 3b 4a

Grammar 22 Answer the quiz questions, then check your answers. 23 Imagine doing the journeys in the quiz in 1850. How

would you travel? How long would each journey take?

24 Read the text and check your answers to exercise 23. Past habits – used to and would We use: used to to talk about past states, habits and repeated actions that no longer happen She used to live in Canada. would + base form to talk about typical behaviour, habits and repeated actions in the past. It cannot be used for states and situations My dog would wait for me to come home from school and then we would go for a long walk. There would be a cinema in my town in the past.


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25 Choose the correct alternatives in the text about the Orient Express. Sometimes both are possible.

The Orient Express 1operated/used to operate from 1883 to 2009. It 2used to/would leave from Paris and travel across Europe to its destination in Istanbul, which 3used to/ would be called Constantinople. Passengers 4used to/would travel in great comfort: they 5 used to/would sleep in private cabins and there 6were/ would be restaurant carriages, where passengers 7used to/ would eat excellent food, and lounge carriages, where they 8 would/used to spend their days. The Orient Express 9used to/would be the ultimate luxury train journey. The rich 10used to/would travel on it, including the aristocracy of all Europe, and the occasional murderer.

26 Rewrite the sentences using used to or would. 1 2 3 4 5

My grandfather was a pilot. My grandfather He told me stories about his travels. He He flew all over the world. He Did he fly helicopters too? Did He didn’t go abroad for his holidays. He

. . . ? .


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3 Functions • booking a journey 31 Match the words to the definitions. 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 /18

Pronunciation • unstressed would 1 /17 MP3

MP3

then listen again and repeat.

1 2 3 4 5

Would you like a drink? We would walk to school every day. How would you travel? Well, what would you like to do? We wouldn’t go there.

Vocabulary • phrasal verbs (travel) 28 Match the phrasal verbs to the definitions. set off take off check in get on/off get in/out pick up get in stop over 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

arrive (flight) start a journey register at an airport board/leave a plane, train, bus board/leave a car break your journey overnight collect somebody leave the ground (plane)

1 /18 MP3

very fast cost of a ticket journey by plane basic, cheap accommodation price reduction single ticket

32 Listen to two friends talking about a trip to Switzerland. Write down the phrases you hear that mean:

1 2 3 4 5

27 Listen and decide if would is stressed or not,

a b c d e f

hostel high-speed one-way ticket fare flight discount

We take a high-speed train. The London flight leaves at 9.15. We’ll have to leave home really early. We arrive in Zurich at about 2pm. Laura’s friend will meet us at the airport.

33 Listen again. Check that the information in the table is correct and make any necessary corrections. London-Zurich journey time

Eurostar 8 hours

Plane 6 hours

frequency

every 2 hours

9.15am; 3.30pm

changes

no

Amsterdam

cost

£140

£160

34 Pairwork. Discuss which travel option is better and why. USEFUL PHRASES We want to travel to... We’d like one-way/return tickets. The flight takes off/gets to... at..., doesn’t it? We need a single/twin room for... nights. I’d like to pay by credit card/cash.

29 Rewrite the sentences using a phrasal verb from exercise 28.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

We left for our holiday at 5am. When does our plane leave? This is my stop. I must leave the bus here. Can you collect me after the party? It’s a long journey, so we will spend the night in York. What time does our flight arrive in Paris? Six hours in this car! I can’t wait to leave it! Have you registered your luggage yet?

30 Discuss with a partner. 1 2 3 4 5 6

What time did you set off for your last holiday? Are your parents happy to pick you up late at night? When do passengers check in at an airport? Which door do you use to get on a bus in your country? Have you ever stopped over in a hotel on a long journey? When you are on a plane, how do you feel when it takes off?

35 Role play. Book the tickets for the journey you’ve chosen and the hostel.

Student A: you are the customer. Book the tickets for the journey you have chosen. You also want to book a room in a student hostel for two nights. Student B: you are the booking clerk. You need to: • find out the: destination, date, time, passenger names and addresses • confirm the departure times and price • ask how customer wants to pay and if they need to book a hotel in Zurich (Student hostel near centre: £25 a night)


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27 7-11-2011 12:32:41

Reading and Training

Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson

All about... Robert Louis Stevenson (1850-1894) Famous books: Treasure Island (1883); Kidnapped (1886); The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (1886) Type: adventure

Jim Hawkins, a young boy, was on a ship, the Hispaniola, sailing to the Caribbean. Mr Trelawney, the owner of the ship, was leading an expedition to find the treasure which Captain Flint had buried on an island three years before. He had hired a crew for the expedition, including a cook, Long John Silver. Jim Hawkins tells the story. Long John Silver and Dick, a young sailor, ran out onto the deck to see the island. When they were gone, I got out of the barrel and ran too. By the time I got there, the whole crew was on deck. They were looking out to sea, but it was too dark to see anything. Then, suddenly, the moon came out from behind a cloud and we saw land on the horizon. Mr Trelawney stood up and spoke to the crew and asked if anyone had been on that island before. ‘I have, sir,’ said Long John. ‘The ship I was sailing on stopped here to get fresh water.’ ‘And where did your ship land?’ ‘In the southern harbour, sir. Once pirates used that island and they called it Skeleton island.’ ‘Yes, that’s what it says here,’ said Mr Trelawney, looking at the map in his hand. ‘Have a look at this, Long John, and show me the best place to land.’ Long John eagerly took the map but the look on his face soon changed: the map Mr Trelawney had given him was not Captain Flint’s treasure map. It was a copy which showed the places on the island but didn’t have the crosses showing where the treasure was. Long John showed Mr Trelawney the best place to land, then he came to me and put his hand on my shoulder. ‘It’s a great island for a boy to explore,’ he said. ‘You can swim and climb trees and hunt animals. If you want to explore the island, just tell me. I’ll make a picnic and we can go!’ He smiled at me and went back to the kitchen. My heart was beating very fast all the time he was speaking to me.

Reading 1/19 MP3

1 Read and listen to the text and put the events in order.

a Jim hid in some trees. b Long John Silver offered to take Jim exploring the island. c Mr Trelawney asked if anyone had already been to the island. d Long John Silver realised the map didn’t have the treasure marked on it. e Some of the crew, including Jim, arrived on the island. f Jim told Mr Trelawney and the doctor what he had heard. g Jim listened to Long John Silver and Dick talking.

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2 Read the text again and answer the questions. 1 Why did all the men run onto the deck? 2 Why did Long John Silver know the island? 3 How do you think Long John felt when he realised the map didn’t have the treasure marked on it? 4 In what way was Long John Silver kind to Jim? 5 Why was Jim’s heart beating fast while he was listening to Long John Silver? 6 What did Jim tell the doctor and Mr Trelawney? 7 Why does Mr Trelawney tell Jim to listen to the men’s conversations? 8 Which men did Mr Trelawney give the guns to? 9 Where did Jim hide on the island? 10 What was Long John Silver speaking to Tom about when Jim heard them?


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Treasure Island

While I listened to his kind words, I was thinking about the cruel words I had heard him say to Dick as I sat in the apple barrel. Long John Silver now filled me with horror; I was terrified by his brutality, his dishonesty and his power. After Mr Trelawney had spoken to the men again and thanked them for all their good work, he and the doctor went down to the captain’s cabin to eat their dinner. I went down with them. As soon as we were alone, I told them what I had heard as I sat in the apple barrel. Mr Trelawney and the doctor looked at me in amazement. ‘Thank you, Jim. You’re a clever, brave boy.’ ‘What shall we do now?’ asked Mr Trelawney. ‘We know that the men are waiting to attack until after we have found the treasure. That gives us time. Do you think all the men are against us?’ ‘No,’ said Mr Trelawney. ‘Three of them are my servants – I’ve known them for years, and I’m sure they’re honest.’ ‘So, there are six of us, including Jim here, and there are nineteen of them. Perhaps among the nineteen there are other honest men who wouldn’t hurt us. Jim, you must listen to their conversations and find out if any of the men want to help us.’ The next morning, we reached the island.

Speaking

3

Mr Trelawney g av e g uns to the men he was sure were honest and half the crew got off the ship to explore the island. I jumped quickly into a boat and kept my head down but Long John was watching me from the other boat and asked, ‘Is that you, Jim?’ As soon as the boat arrived on land, I jumped out and ran into some trees to hide. After some time I heard voices and I moved quietly nearer so that I could hear what they were saying. I looked out from behind a tree and saw Long John talking to another member of the crew. They couldn’t see me. ‘So, are you with us or against us, Tom?’ asked Long John. ‘I’m against you, John!’ replied Tom. ‘You know that I’m an honest man! I’ll serve my captain!’ adapted from Treasure Island, Black Cat Reading and Training, Step Three

Look it up! • barrel • harbour

• eagerly • amazement

Speaking Skills

3 Pairwork. Think and talk about your experiences of travelling using the instructions below.

Student A: prepare some questions to ask student B about: • where and when he/she went • how he/she travelled and how long it took • who he/she travelled with • any good or bad things that happened • if he/she enjoyed it

4 Student B: answer student A’s questions.

Asking and answering questions • When asking questions, remember to: – use correct question forms – add variety by asking wh- questions and then asking some yes/no questions – link your questions to your partner’s answers so that you develop a dialogue • When answering questions, remember to: – use short answer forms, not just yes/no – answer the question as completely as you can

Then swap roles.

>> See Skills Bank pages 116 and 117.


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29 7-11-2011 12:33:21

4 Taking responsibility

Objectives Grammar modal verbs of advice, obligation and permission make, let, be allowed to Vocabulary word building environmental issues forms of protest

Mexican Gulf oil spill On 20th April 2010, Deepwater Horizon oil platform exploded, due to a gas leak. As a result of the explosion, millions of cubic litres of oil leaked into the sea. The oil spill polluted the sea, and caused devastation to the marine life. Thousands of fish, plants, dolphins and birds died. Because of strong winds, the pollution quickly reached beaches and estuaries along the coastline, and local tourism and business suffered.

Hungarian toxic waste spill On 4th October 2010, more than 600,000 cubic metres of toxic waste broke the wall of a reservoir in western Hungary. The waste was from a local aluminium factory. A two-metre wave of toxic red mud flooded towns and villages. Eight people died. The toxic waste caused serious irritation to the skin and eyes, so many people had to go to hospital. The police had to evacuate 7,000 people. The red mud contaminated the Marcal River and destroyed all the fish, and the River Danube was at risk.

Japanese nuclear meltdown On 11th March 2011, there was a powerful earthquake off the north-east coast of Japan. It caused an enormous tsunami. The tsunami destroyed entire towns and more than 15,000 people died. There were explosions and fires. At the nuclear power station in Fukushima, there were three explosions. Workers tried to repair the damage, but the explosions caused radioactive contamination of the air, soil and water near the power station. Who knows how long the effects of this contamination will last?

Who is responsible for these industrial disasters? And how can we stop them happening in the future? Send us your comments.

>Sally, Brighton Governments must make new laws. There should be official inspections every month. People shouldn’t suffer because of multinationals.

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>Simone, Toulouse The local people ought to organise demonstrations! Make these companies pay for what they’ve done!


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4 Presentation

6 Complete the news story with the correct forms of

1 Before you read. Look at the pictures. Use the words

the words in the list.

contaminate demonstrate evacuate pollute

in the list to describe what you think has happened. beaches and coastline explosion flood marine life oil platform tsunami red mud toxic waste broken reservoir earthquake

1 /20 MP3

2 Read and listen to the article. Were you right? 3 Read the article again and answer the questions. 1 2 3 4 5

Why did the oil platform explode? What happened to the oil? Where did the toxic waste come from? Why did the nuclear plant explode? What were the environmental consequences of each disaster?

4 Match the definitions with the words in bold in the text. 1 Companies that operate in more than one country. 2 Organised protests in the streets. 3 A manmade lake that is used to contain water or other liquid. 4 An escape of liquid or gas (from where it is kept). 5 An industrial building where products are made. 6 Material that we throw away because we don’t need it. 7 Damage to the natural environment caused by a man-made substance. 8 Damage to the natural environment caused by a toxic substance.

Vocabulary • word building 5 Find the corresponding verbs and nouns in the text. Which suffixes do we use to form these words? noun

verb

pollution

1

evacuation

3

demonstrate

2

contaminate devastate irritate

4 5 6

destruction

7

>Marek, New York Why are companies allowed to have dangerous factories near towns and villages? Governments shouldn’t let companies put people’s lives in danger.

An enormous chemical leak has 1 water supplies in the town. People are using bottled water due to . The local people have organised a big the 2 3 . They want to 4 against the chemical factory. The authorities may have to 5 some people from their homes because of toxic fumes. The 6 will take about two days. Environmentalists say this is the worst kind of 7 because it causes so much damage. ‘Companies that 8 the atmosphere should be prosecuted,’ say environmentalists.

7 Answer the questions. 1 What creates the most pollution in your town/city? 2 Has your school ever been evacuated? Why? 3 What substances can cause contamination of the water supply?

Vocabulary • environmental issues 8 Match words 1-8 to words a-h to make phrases linked to environmental issues.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

climate greenhouse oil toxic health contaminated acid noise

a b c d e f g h

waste soil pollution rain effect change problems spill

9 Complete the sentences with phrases from exercise 8. 1 The doctor says my dad has because he worked in a chemical factory. 2 The pollution from cars and aeroplanes has caused an increase in . 3 When falls, it kills trees and plants, and damages buildings. can destroy all marine life in the area. 4 An 5 Scientists say recent extreme weather is one of the effects of . 6 People who live near airports often complain about . 7 It is impossible to farm on land with . 8 is very dangerous. Companies have to spend a lot of money to destroy it.

10 Pairwork. Discuss with a partner. 1 What can cause the problems in exercise 8? 2 Which problem do you think is the most serious? Put them in order.


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31 7-11-2011 12:38:02