Nearly zero-energy buildings in Slovenia

Symposium energy efficiency in buildings Nearly zero-energy buildings in Slovenia Dr.Sc. Miha Praznik Building and Civil Engineering Institute ZRMK Ltd. Ljubljana, 20.3.2018

Dr. Miha PRAZNIK Nearly zero-energy buildings in Slovenia

Introduction About the company: - BCEI ZRMK Ltd. - DRI Investment Management Ltd. Nearly zero-energy buildings in Slovenia: - Stakeholders - A decade of good practice development - Requirements for co-financing projects - Action Plan and nZEB criteria 2015 - Attractive and rational solutions for nZEB - Business Challenges


Stakeholders nZEB Creating a good environment for the nZEB: - Knowledge holders (BCEI ZRMK, FA UL, ...) - Consortium Associations (Passive House Co.) - Enterprises; Sections of Chamber of C&I - Investment co-financers (Eco Fund, MFI, ...) - Crediting of investments (banks, Eco Fund) - Legislative frameworks (MZI) - Public and private investors - Etc.


Quality practice in nZEB´s Gradual development of the quality practice: - Learning from good practice in EU countries - From low-energy to passive new construction - Financial incentives of private projects - Intensive development of products & services - Partial and comprehensive energy renovation - Competitiveness in projects - Economic crisis and re-growth - Financial incentives of public projects - Requirements for more efficient construction - Comprehensive, sustainable and rational solutions

Diversity of house construction - Building passive houses: design, tradition, climate impact, adaptating solutions Dr. Miha PRAZNIK Nearly zero-energy buildings in Slovenia

Vir: M. Praznik, GI ZRMK


Adapting design for nZEB´s - Major changes: quality architecture, smaller surface area and floor levels, clear thermal zoning, structures, details, adequate products, thermal envelope, airtightness

Vir: Zelena gradnja d.o.o.


The quality of building houses - Quality requirements affect development: competitive services, certified products - From individual components to buildings:

Vir: LUMAR

Vir: Zelena gradnja d.o.o.


nZEB public buildings - Solutions for all types of public buildings - Adapted solutions for the environment and climate - From low-energy to passive public buildings - Tipisation of good design solutions - Defining rational energy concepts - Influence in the early planning phase Vir: Jelovica

First nZEB highrise


- Different characteristics and solutions

Vir: Euroinvest d.o.o.


First nZEB highrise

Vir: Euroinvest d.o.o.

Deep renovation of houses


- The most effective renovation of residential buildings is always comprehensive:

Vir: Eko sklad

Deep renovation of public build.


- Deep renovation of public buildings with passive components: Vir: M. Praznik, GI ZRMK Passivhaus Nachweis

Foto oder Zeichnung

Objekt: Standort und Klima: Straße: PLZ/Ort: Land: Objekt-Typ:

VVZ Manka Golarja - enota Kocljeva 2 Gornja Radgona Kocljeva 2 9250 Gornja Radgona Slovenija VVZ "X"

Murska Sobota

Bauherr(en): Straße: PLZ/Ort: Architekt: Straße: PLZ/Ort:

Passivhaus Nachweis

Gradbeni inštitut ZRMK d.o.o. Dimičeva 12 SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

Haustechnik: Straße: PLZ/Ort:

Foto oder Zeichnung

Baujahr:

1975

Zahl WE:

1

Umbautes Volumen Ve: Personenzahl:

3979.0

Innentemperatur: m3

Interne Wärmequellen:

21.0 5.5

118.0

°C W/m²

Objekt:

Standort und Klima: Straße:

Kennwerte mit Bezug auf Energiebezugsfläche Energiebezugsfläche:

PLZ/Ort:

881.00 Verwendet:

m2

Land: Objekt-Typ: PH-Zertifikat: Erfüllt?

Monatsverfahren

14 0.60

kWh/(m²a)

15 kWh/(m²a)

Drucktest-Ergebnis:

h-1

0.6 h-1

Primärenergie-Kennwert (WW, Heizung, Hilfs- u. Haushalts-Strom):

175

kWh/(m²a)

120 kWh/(m²a)

79

kWh/(m²a)

Energiekennwert Heizwärme:

Primärenergie-Kennwert (WW, Heizung und Hilfsstrom):

Heizlast: Übertemperaturhäufigkeit:

aStraße: a PLZ/Ort:

Architekt: q PLZ/Ort:

Straße: PLZ/Ort:

W/m²

4.2%

über

25

°C

Baujahr: Zahl WE:

Kennwert mit Bezug auf Nutzfläche nach EnEV

Umbautes Volumen Ve:

Nutzfläche nach EnEV:

1273.3


54.8

m2

kWh/(m²a)

Gradbeni inštitut ZRMK d.o.o. Dimičeva 12 SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

Haustechnik:

kWh/(m²a)

14.5

Murska Sobota

Bauherr(en):

Straße:

Primärenergie-Kennwert Einsparung durch solar erzeugten Strom:

VVZ Manka Golarja - enota Kocljeva 4 Gornja Radgona Kocljeva 4 9250 Gornja Radgona Slovenija VVZ "L"

Personenzahl: Anforderung: Erfüllt?

q

1982 1 2460.0

Innentemperatur: m3

Interne Wärmequellen:

21.0 4.2

°C W/m²

106.0

Kennwerte mit Bezug auf Energiebezugsfläche 40 kWh/(m²a) Energiebezugsfläche:

898.00 Verwendet:

Energiekennwert Heizwärme: Drucktest-Ergebnis: Primärenergie-Kennwert (WW, Heizung, Hilfs- u. Haushalts-Strom):


m2

18 0.60

kWh/(m²a)

108 49

kWh/(m²a)

Primärenergie-Kennwert Einsparung durch solar erzeugten Strom:

PH-Zertifikat: Erfüllt?

Monatsverfahren

15 kWh/(m²a)

-1

q

h

0.6 h-1

a

kWh/(m²a)

120 kWh/(m²a)

a

FLIR S y stems

13.1 °C 12

10

kWh/(m²a)

Heizlast:

13.6

Übertemperaturhäufigkeit:

1.6%

W/m² über

25

°C

8

Kennwert mit Bezug auf Nutzfläche nach EnEV Nutzfläche nach EnEV:

787.2

m2


55.9

kWh/(m²a)

Anforderung: Erfüllt?

40 kWh/(m²a)

q

6.6

FLIR S y stems

Deep renovation of heritage


- A comprehensive approach to building renovation, including cultural heritage:

Vir: Eko sklad

- Stepping up the requirements for EE - Financial incentives of nZEB solutions - Good building practice > 160

– Minimum requirements for EE, – Good EE practice – Financial promotion of nZEB

160 140

QNH/Au [kWh/m2a]


Criteria, practice, incentives

110

120 100

75

80 60 40 20 0

5-6 lit LEH

Družinska hiša v Ljubljani DD 3300 f0 0,6 1970

1980

1990

55 3-4 lit LEH 2000

48

2-3 lit LEH PH 2010

38 25 nZEB

2020

Incentives for residental buildings


Eco Fund financial incentives for the nZEB: - New passive single family houses: construction or purchase, 150 m2 Qh (kWh/m2a) ≤ 10 ≤ 15

Maximal subsidy EUR/m2 Bio TI Min TI Syn TI 125 105

100 80

75 65

- Deep renovation of family houses: Deep renovationm, up to 200 m2

Maximal subsidy EUR/m2

Qh (kWh/m2a)

Bio & Min TI

Syn TI

≤ 25

200

165

- Multi-dwelling new buildings (100 €/m2) - Multi-dwelling renovations (150 €/m2)


Incentives for public buildings Eco Fund financial incentives for the nZEB: - New construction, nZEB, of general social importance: Spodbuda v EUR na m2

-

Energijska učinkovitost Qh (kWh/m3a)

I. skupina

II. skupina

III. skupina

≤6

400

310

240

Qh < 6 kWh/m3a U < 0,15 W/m2K, Uwd < 0,9 W/m2K Efficiency in ventilation > 80% RES > 50%

- Measures of energy renovation on existing public buildings


Incentives for new nZEB Eco Fund financial incentives for the nZEB single family houses: – Stricter requirements for efficiency, components and quality – 1,000 buildings, 10 years – Annually 100-150 houses 1%

26% ≤ 25

6%

6% ≤ 10

25% ≤ 20

32% ≤ 15

Vir: Eko sklad j.s.


Incentives for new nZEB Eco Fund financial incentives for the nZEB single family houses: – Indirect impact of the intensity of cofinancing on the methods of building houses  Biological TI  Massive  Mineral TI  Wood  Synthetic TI  Other Vir: Eko sklad j.s.

3%

43%

34%

21%

54%

45% Mineral insulating materials Wooden construction prevails over predominate, followed by synthetic, the masonry the smallest share of natural ones


Optimizing design of nZEB Small add-ons for higher added value: Low energy house = passive house – optimization

W From 1.1.2016 to 31.12.2016 2600 2400 2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 Jan 0

Feb 1000

Mar

Apr

2000

May 3000

Jun 4000

Jul 5000

Aug

Sep 6000

Oct 7000

Nov

Dec

8000

AHU heating coil power, W


Efficiency and economics


From "forbidden" to a good passive house: 45 kWh/m2a 10 kWh/m2a energ.effic. QNH/Au airtightness 1,3 h-1 0,5 h-1 recuperation 0% 93% floor 0,21 W/m2K 0,12 W/m2K wall 0,15 W/m2K 0,12 W/m2K roof 0,15 W/m2K 0,10 W/m2K ceiling 0,15 W/m2K 0,09 W/m2K loggia 0,17 W/m2K 0,12 W/m2K door 1,3 W/m2K 0,9 W/m2K windows 0,7/1,2 W/m2K 50% 0,6/0,9 W/m2K 60% desing basic detailed consulting no yes BD test no yes heat pump 6 kW 3 kW floor heating 100% 35% €/m2 860 950 € 133.300 147.250

I* 5% 48% 11% 9% 5% 3% 0,2% 3% 18% 6% 4% 4% -11% -5% 10%

Efficiency and synergy


The best solutions are not more expensive: – 100% the worst allowed new construction, – 85% new construction A1

+10%

-25%

-15%


Rational house is attractive house

Efficiency and balance

Modeling and functionality 90 NPV (d=0%)

75 60

Variants and sensitivity

NPV (d=2%)

45

0,24

0,22

0,20

0,18

0,16

0,14

NPV (d=4%)

0,12

0,08

30 Economics and 15 0 suggestions

0,10

NSV (35a, d) [€/m2]


Without optimization and rationalization there is no demand for better nZEB:

debljina ugrađene TI na fasadi [m]


Optimization and rationalization



New kindergarten, 1.500 m2, 200 persons Construction with brick, mainly mineral thermal insulation Starting point: 65 kWh/m2a, 20 kWh/m3a, 1.150 €/m2 Optimization: 20 kWh/(m2a),