Emisjoner fra trematerialer - omfang The contribution of wood products towards indoor air quality Public seminar June 23rd, Bergen, Norway Dr. Martin Weigl
Holzforschung Austria • • • • • • • •
A practically oriented research institute An accredited testing, inspection and certification body (e.g. CE, FSC, PEFC, ENplus) An authorized calibration laboratory for electronic measurement systems for round timber A partner for knowledge and technology transfer to planners, producers and users HFA-inspected quality Founded: 1948 society, 1953 institute Legal Status: non-profit organisation 95 employees
Bioenergy & Analytical Chemistry •
•
•
•
Wood pellets and briquettes (www.bioup.at) • Analysis, process optimisation, quality control Energy wood • Reception of incoming material, training, drying, quality control Analytical chemistry • Biocides, heavy metals, VOC, formaldehyde, other components • Indoor air quality • Wood preservatives testing Gateway for interdisciplinary research and testing
VOC = Volatile Organic Compounds • • • • • •
Two common definitions: based on boiling point and retention time VVOC = very volatile organic compounds: e.g. Formaldehyde VOCs can be carcinogenesis, mutagenic, toxic, but also harmless or even healthy Some VOC can be smelled VOCs from wood can be primary (native substances) or secondary (formed by autoxidation) Typical wood VOCs are terpenes, aldehydes, organic acids and many others… Emission
HFA-Timber project: living in a box •
Worldwide first model rooms (CEN TS 16516): • • • •
Built from common building products 23°C, 50% r.H., air exchange rate 0,5 h-1 3 x 4 x 2,5 m = 30 m³, door 1,6 m², window 2 m² loading: 1,8 m²/m³, 5 different wall constructions OSB
Plaster board
OSB/plaster board
Vapour barrier sd10m
Vapour barrier sd100m
strongly elevated
3000
distinctly elevated
TVOC [µg / m³]
2500
2000
1500
1000
slightly elevated
500
average low
0
day
Indoor air quality rating according to the Austrian life ministry BMLFUW
HFA-Timber project: living in a box 28d
OSB OSB GKF Plaster
board board Vapour barrier sd10m DB10 Vapour barrier sd100m DB100 OSB/plaster OSB GKF
strongly elevated
3000
distinctly elevated
TVOC [µg / m³]
2500
2000
1500
1000
slightly elevated
500
average low
0
day
Indoor air quality rating according to the Austrian life ministry BMLFUW
HFA-Timber project: living in a box ½ year
OSB
OSB
GKF Plaster
board board Vapour barrier sd10m DB10 Vapour barrier sd100m DB100 OSB/plaster OSB GKF
HFA-Timber project: living in a box ½ year © Dr. Karl Dobianer: • Sum of Hazar Indices (toxicological assessment) • No risk for human health 9
OSB
8
HI odour Geruch HI tox
7
HI = OK
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
0
0 0
100
200 days
300
400
plaster board
HI odour Geruch HI tox HI = OK
0
100
200 days
300
400
BigConAir project: working in a box •
Container types: • • • •
• • •
X-Lam (spruce), wooden floor (larch), approximately 48 m³ Timber frame construction & wood-fibre reinforced clay boards (spruce), wooden floor (larch), approximately 48 m³ Reference container (steel), PVC floor Reference container (steel), PVC floor, walls maintained with clay
All container were used as office container equipped with typical office furniture (mainly particle board): desks, chairs, shelfs Long time application as working place for almost two years Experiment performed at University of Innsbruck, VOC measured by Holzforschung Austria
BigConAir project: working in a box Reference container (steel) Reference container with furniture X-Lam container X-Lam container with furniture Wood frame/clay container Wood frame/clay container t=33°C Reference container with clay
Without clay00 day 28 (e.g. AgBB)
6 months
1 year day
Conclusions by now • • • • • • • •
Emissions from building products under real conditions can´t be calculated from product testing (by now no models available) Freshly wooden built environment shows rapid and significant decline of VOC emissions Toxicological risk from wood borne emissions is low in general, especially within the phase of “application” of the building Emission level and rate can be influenced by material selection and construction principle Sorption and diffusion processes play an important role for emissions VOC emission equilibrium state depends on various parameter Additional emissions are always introduced by interior and activity Currently no feasible classification system for indoor air quality of freshly built environment available
Wood2New project: Influence of wood specific emissions on human health 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 5)
GC/MS VOC analytics HPLC aldehyde analytics Airborne microorganism Particular matter T and r.H. Pulmonary function Several further health related parameter 8. Seven observations within approx. six months toxicological and epidemiological assessment
Standort Stetten
Standort Arsenal
Dr. Martin Weigl
[email protected] Tel. +43/1/798 26 23-839 www.holzforschung.at
