Aitor Ibarrola-Armendariz and Jon Ortiz de Urbina Arruabarrena (Eds.)
On the move: Glancing Backwards To Build a Future in English Studies
University of Deusto
Deusto Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas Gizarte eta Giza Zientzien Fakultatea Faculty of Social and Human Sciences
Asociación Española de Estudios Anglo-Norteamericanos
Aitor Ibarrola-Armendariz and Jon Ortiz de Urbina Arruabarrena, Editors
On the Move: Glancing Backwards To Build a Future in English Studies
2016 Universidad de Deusto Bilbao
© Editors: Aitor Ibarrola-Armendariz and Jon Ortiz de Urbina Arruabarrena © Texts of the chapters: the authors © Images: as stated in each case. If not explicitly stated, the responsibility lies with the author of the chapter. © This edition: Universidad de Deusto, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2016 Apartado 1 – 48080 Bilbao Cover image: Ángel Sánchez and Victoria Rudi Total or partial reproduction of this book is not permitted, nor its digital treatment, or its transmission in any form or by any means, either electronic, mechanic, photocopy or other method, without the prior written permission of the holders of the copyright.. I.S.B.N.: 978-84-15759-87-4 Printed in Spain
Contents in Brief
Preface ………………………………………….……………………………………….. 11
Part I. Keynote Essays…...………………………...………………………………… 13 BARTHOLOMAE, DAVID. University of Pittsburgh, US. Ordinary language and the Teaching of Writing …………………………..….…...
15
PULLUM, GEOFFREY K. University of Edinburgh, UK. English Grammar and English Literature ………………………………….………
25
RÍO RAIGADAS, DAVID. Universidad del País Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea Reinterpreting the American West from an Urban Literary Perspective: Contemporary Reno Writing ……………………….……….
39
Part II. Literature and Cultural Studies………………………………………… 51 ALONSO J EREZ, MARTA. Universidad de Málaga Reinventing Female Fashion: From Victorian Apparel to Steampunk Expression of the Self …………………………….…..…...
53
AVANZAS ÁLVAREZ, ELENA. Universidad de Oviedo The Industrialization of the Female Body in Twenty-First Century Crime Fiction …………………………………….…….…..
65
BERMELLO ISUSI, M IKEL. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela The Will to Belong in Carson McCullers’ The Member of the Wedding …...……..
71
CANTUESO URBANO, ELENA. Universidad de Málaga Erased Identities: Marita Conlon-McKenna’s The Magdalen (1999) ……….….…
77
COBO PIÑERO, ROCÍO. Universidad de Cádiz Americanah: Translating Three Countries into English and the Afropolitan Consciousness ……………………………...…...
83
CRUZ-RUS, CELIA. Universidad de Málaga Tracing the Edwardian Artist in Contemporary Fiction ………………..….………
89
CUCARELLA RAMON, VICENT. Universitat de Valencia Sacred Feminity and Spiritual Self-Definition in African American Women Writers: From Zora Neale Hurston to Ayana Mathis ……………..……...
95
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8
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GÓMEZ LÓPEZ, ESTHER. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Family Loss in Joyce Carol Oates’s We Are the Mulvaneys ……………..…...
101
GUERRERO, ISABEL. Universidad de Murcia Garrick’s Jubilee: Between Theatre and Ritual …………………………………… 107 IBARROLA -ARMENDARIZ, AITOR. Universidad de Deusto Perhaps Not “Absolutely True,” But Definitely Closely Observed and Deeply Rooted in Reality …………………………………. 113 LOJO RODRÍGUEZ, LAURA Mª. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Make It New: Gender and Tradition in Michèle Roberts’s Mud: Stories of Sex and Love ..………………………………... 121 MARTÍNEZ GARCÍA, ANA BELÉN. Universidad de Navarra Narrative Emotions and Human Rights Life Writing ……………………………... 127 MARTÍNEZ-GARCÍA, LAURA. Universidad de Oviedo Nell Gwyn as the Epitome of Englishness: The Case of Anna Neagle, the True English Rose ………………………………… 133 MENA GONZÁLEZ, ANGELA. Universidad de Oviedo Humanity, Nature and History. Destiny Bounded to Natural Phenomena: Fokir in Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide …………………………. 141 PARRONDO CARRETERO, CONCEPCIÓN. Universidad de Málaga New Ways to Remember: Memory in Tayari Jones’s Leaving Atlanta …………... 147 RIOBÓ PÉREZ, NEREA. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Gothic Fairy Tales: Angela Carter’s Torture Chamber and the Evil Marquis …………………………………………… 153 RODRÍGUEZ LORO, NORA. Universidad de Sevilla Sedley’s The Mulberry Garden (1668) and the Genre of the Dramatic Dedication ………………………………………... 159 STEFANOVA RADOULSKA, SVETLANA. Universidad Internacional de la Rioja Writing Woman: Identity, Self and Otherness in Looking for Transwonderland: Travels in Nigeria by Noo Saro-Wiwa ……………………. 165
Part III. Language and Linguistics ………………………………………………. 171 ALVES CASTRO, MARIAN. Universidad del País Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea Gapping and Pseudogapping Constructions with Multiple Remnants ……………. 173 BEMPOSTA RIVAS, SOFÍA. Universidade de Vigo A Corpus Study on Durst and the Construction Dared and Bare Infinitive Clause in Middle English and Early Modern English …………………... 183
Garrick’s Jubilee: Between Theatre and Ritual Isabel Guerrero Universidad de Murcia
[email protected]
Abstract The first Shakespeare celebration, Shakespeare Jubilee (1769), did not include the staging of any play and generated a certain tension between the local, national and global status of the poet. The event was aimed at commemorating Shakespeare in his birthplace and celebrating him as a world genius. However, the celebrations were restricted to the local aristocracy and the visitors from London, leaving aside the people of Stratford. The Jubilee was the first celebration of Shakespeare with a series of artistic activities, which allows the analysis of the event as performative. This paper aims to, first, explore the issues related to ownership that emerged during the events and, second, to analyse the celebrations using Willmar Sauter’s model of the theatrical event to demonstrate how the Jubilee can be simultaneously considered a quasi-religious ritual and the precursor of the Shakespeare festivals yet to come. Key words: Shakespeare, Garrick, Jubilee, commemoration, festivals ———
T
he eighteenth century has been acknowledged as a key moment in the reinvention of Shakespeare (Dobson 2001; Ritchie and Sabor 2012). Different cultural and ideological forces coincided to shape Shakespeare as literary, theatrical and national icon. In this century, the popularity of his works increased on the London stages, new editions of his plays appeared and the first form of Shakespeare festival, the Jubilee, took place. The 1769 Shakespeare Jubilee is one of the landmarks in the making of Shakespeare; as Michael Dobson observes, the event represents “Garrick’s own dramatization of the climax of Shakespeare’s investiture as national poet” (Dobson 2001, 15). This “dramatization,” as Dobson calls the performative activities of the Jubilee, is considered the predecessor of all present-day Shakespeare festivals. As the first Shakespeare celebration, the Jubilee is remarkable for two main reasons: it did not include the staging of any play and it generated a certain tension between the local, national and global status of the poet. The event, held in Stratford-upon-Avon on dates with no relevant connection with Shakespeare (from the 6th until the 8th of September 1769), aimed at commemorating the poet in his birthplace and celebrating him as a world genius. As the dates bore no significant relation with Shakespeare, the ceremonial nature of the Jubilee was instead enhanced by its placement in Stratford, the birthplace of the poet. However, the local dimension of Shakespeare and his universal transcendence were neglected during the celebrations through the exclusion of the local inhabitants of the town and of foreigners (Dobson 2001, 220).1 This gives rise to the question of to whom Shakespeare, at least the Shakespeare of the Jubilee, belongs. The Jubilee was the first time that Shakespeare was 1
The ticket price of the events—a guinea—is another indication of the exclusion of local citizens. See Paper Ticket for Shakespeare’s Jubilee 1769.
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Garrick’s Jubilee
111
In his assertion, Fox comments on an important aspect of Shakespeare celebrations: whereas later birthday festivals included representatives of all nations, portraying the universal aspect of Shakespeare, the global representation in the Jubilee is a fictitious one, as the mockery of locals and foreigners in the after-play The Jubilee shows. Later celebrations introduced a shift from local to global, including representatives from different nations and even the performance of Shakespeare’s plays in languages other than English, as was the case of the World Shakespeare Festival in 2012. The Stratford Jubilee became mythical and culminated Shakespeare’s process of consecration and elevation into national poet in the eighteenth century. It was not only Shakespeare who achieved his glory, as the event also promoted Garrick’s career. The Jubilee planted the seed for future celebrations and, therefore, for modern Shakespeare festivals. These festivals have inherited from the Jubilee the need or desire to celebrate and commemorate Shakespeare, no matter whether his words are involved or not.
References Carlson, Marvin. 2014. Theatre: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford UP. Cunningham, Vanessa. 2008. Shakespeare and Garrick. Cambridge, UK, and New York: Cambridge UP. Dávidházi, Péter. 1998. The Romantic Cult of Shakespeare: Literary Reception in Anthropological Perspective. Basingstoke: Macmillan. Dobson, Michael. 2001. The Making of the National Poet. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Fox, Levi. 1973. A Splendid Occasion: The Stratford Jubilee of 1769. Oxford: reprinted for The Shakespeare Birthplace Trust, by permission of The Dugdale Society, by Vivian Ridler, Printer to the University. Holland, Peter. 2015. “David Garrick: Saints, Temples and Jubilees.” In Celebrating Shakespeare: Commemoration and Cultural Memory, edited by Clara Calvo and Coppélia Kahn, 15-37. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. Lanier, Douglas. 2002. Shakespeare and Modern Popular Culture. Oxford: Oxford UP. Parkinson, John A. 1969. “Garrick’s Folly: Or, the Great Stratford Jubilee.” The Musical Times 110 (1519): 923-923+925-926. JSTOR 11 Aug. 2013. Web source Paper Ticket for Shakespeare’s Jubilee. 1769. London: Victoria and Albert Museum. 14 January 2016. Web source. Ritchie, Fiona and Peter Sabor, eds. 2012. Shakespeare in the Eighteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. Rumbold, Kate. 2012. “Shakespeare and the Stratford Jubilee.” In Shakespeare in the Eighteenth Century, edited by Fiona Ritchie and Peter Sabor, 254-273. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. Sauter, Willmar. 2000. The Theatrical Event: Dynamics of Performance and Perception. Iowa City: U of Iowa P. ––—. 2004. “Introducing the Theatrical Event.” In Theatrical Events: Borders, Dynamics, Frames, edited by Vicki Ann Cremona, et al., 1-14. Amsterdam: Rodopi. Sawyer, Robert. 2010. “From Jubilee to Gala: Remembrance and Ritual Commemoration.” Critical Survey 2 (22): 25-38. Schoenbaum, Samuel. 1990. Shakespeare: His Life, His English, His Theater. New York: Signet Classic.
This volume brings together a selection of the papers and round tables delivered at the 39th AEDEAN Conference, held at the University of Deusto in November 2015. The essays in On the Move: Glancing Backwards to Build a Future in English Studies often begin with typically-academic gestures such as retrieving a classic text and finding new ways of studying its genre or characterization; or remarking how certain ungrammatical constructions have gone frequently unnoticed —even in well-known texts— for various reasons; or entangling oneself in contentions about the adequacy of dissecting a literary text or linguistic problem by using innovative analytical tools. In all cases, though, there is the intention of putting forth certain views and notions that will help future scholars to deal in a better light with the dilemmas regularly encountered in literary, linguistic and cultural studies. The book opens with three essays by professors Bartholomae, Pullum and Río, who demonstrate not only their mastery in their respective subjects but also their ability to tailor their contents to multifarious audiences. The next two sections represent the main body of the e-book, with nearly forty contributions on both literature and cultural studies (Part II) and language and linguistics (Part III). These short academic pieces are a representative showcase of the research being done lately in the different areas of expertise. The last section of the volume gathers together the results of four research projects dealing with such engaging topics as postcolonial crime fiction or forgotten texts by Anglo writers about the Spanish Civil War. It is hard to think of any potential reader schooled in English Studies who will not find something suitable to their interests and tastes in this volume.
