Online Introductory C-Bus Network Tutorial - Square D

Online Introductory C-Bus Network Tutorial ®

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Square D Clipsal C-Bus Products Training Course Basic Series

Online Introductory C-Bus Network Tutorial Square D® Clipsal® C-Bus™ Products Training Course

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DISCLAIMER Electrical equipment should be serviced only by qualified electrical maintenance personnel. Training provided by the Square D company, in-person or in a manual, should not be viewed as sufficient instruction for those who are not otherwise qualified to operate, service, or maintain the equipment under consideration. Although reasonable care has been taken to provide accurate and authoritative information in presentations and documentation, no responsibility is assumed by Square D company, its employees, or its agents, for any consequences arising out of the use of this material.

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© 2008 Schneider Electric. All Rights Reserved.

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WHY USE C-BUS? Electrical wiring practices have not changed much since insulated multi-core cabling was introduced. At the same time, wiring requirements in commercial buildings have changed rapidly. For instance, heavy demands are placed on electrical installations when security, energy management, fire, and smoke-detection systems are added to a building. Central monitoring and control of these extra systems can require massive networks of wires extending out from the control area.

The Conventional, Centralized Approach Conventional wiring practice requires current to flow through both a switch and its load. As a result, heavy conductors must be run from the panel board to the controlling switches, and from the switches to the load. These requirements increase the complexity of wiring, the time for installation, documentation control, and overall system cost. The complexity can also lead to maintenance problems and a rigid installation that is difficult to change.

The C-Bus Solution The C-Bus network overcomes these problems by using unshielded twisted pair (UTP) Category 5 (Cat-5) Local Area Network (LAN) cable for the network's power and for communications between a building's input devices (e.g., light switches) and load-controlling devices. As a result, C-Bus installations require fewer heavy wires than conventional systems. C-Bus networks are also highly versatile. For example, they can be expanded to control and monitor a building's electrical appliances from a personal computer. A C-Bus network can interface with security, air conditioning, and other systems, so that lighting and temperature can be varied according to ambient conditions. When a C-Bus network is used to control a building's systems, inputs and loads can be modified without reconnecting a single wire.

Ease of Wiring C-Bus networks do not require point-to-point wiring, and C-Bus units can be wired in any order. A C-Bus network is a collection of C-Bus “units” connected together by Cat-5 UTP cable. There are three main types of units:

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system units (e.g., a DIN-rail Power Supply)

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input units (e.g., a Two-Button Keypad)

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output units (e.g., a Four-Channel Dimmer)

C-Bus units have positive and negative terminals that are connected to the appropriate conductors on the Cat-5 (C-Bus network) cable. These two conductors carry Class 2 voltage to power C-Bus units’ electronics, and they allow digital control signals to be sent between units.


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Flexibility C-Bus networks are designed to be flexible and adaptable.

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C-Bus input units (e.g., Keypads) can be configured to perform various functions such as timing, dimming, and ON/OFF.

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One C-Bus input unit can control many output units (e.g., Dimmers, Relays), providing simple load-bank control. Also, one output unit can be controlled by many input units. This means an installation can have multipoint control (including dimming) without using complex wiring.

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Configuration of the network and its units can be changed as often as needed, to match an installation's changing needs.


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REVIEW: C-BUS INTRODUCTION 1. What type of cable does the C-Bus network use? Cat-5 UTP shielded security cable coax 2. How many conductors does the C-Bus network require? four three two 3. How often can the configuration of the C-Bus network be changed? never up to 100 times as often as required


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AN EXAMPLE OF C-BUS OPERATIONS All C-Bus input units (e.g., Keypads) are configured to measure the duration of a button press. The press duration determines the message that the unit transmits to other units on the C-Bus network. This sequence is illustrated with a Four-Button Neo™ Keypad in the figure, "Button Press Duration Determines Message Sent." When a button is pressed, the input unit (in this case a Keypad) measures the duration of the press (“1”). Then, it transmits the corresponding C-Bus message over the C-Bus network, as indicated by the dashed line (“2”).

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The message is broadcast over the bus for all C-Bus units to read (see the figure, "A C-Bus Message Is Read by All C-Bus Units on a Network"). The message contains information about the Group Address and the operation to be performed, such as Switch ON or Switch OFF. Only the C-Bus units with the same Group Address will respond.


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When the appropriate C-Bus units have received and interpreted the message, they respond according to their configuration by switching the designated load (see the figure, "A C-Bus Unit Responds to a Message from an Input Unit”).

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REVIEW: BASIC C-BUS OPERATIONS 1. What determines the message that is transmitted when you press a button on an input unit (e.g., a Keypad)? how long the button is pressed how hard the button is pressed how many times the button is pressed 2. When a C-Bus message is transmitted, it is received by: all C-Bus units on the network only the C-Bus units that it is meant for only output units


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CONVENTIONAL VS. C-BUS NETWORK WIRING This section uses wiring of a “three-way” control for four light circuits to illustrate how C-Bus wiring differs from conventional wiring. For the example we use a large family room with two entrances. The room has four separate lighting circuits and controls at each entrance. This design would require a four-gang plate with four three-way switches at each door.

Conventional Wiring for Three-Way Control As illustrated in the figure, "Conventional Wiring of a 'Three-Way' Control for Four Light Circuits," a conventionally wired installation would require running a minimum of thirteen 120 V AC conductors:

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At least one 120 V AC “Hot” line must be run to one of the four-gang switch boxes. This 120 V supply will feed the line side of the three-way switches.

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Two “Travelers” are run across the room to the other wall plate for each switch-to-switch connection (altogether eight conductors).

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One “Switched Leg” conductor is run from the common terminal of each switch to the lamp load being controlled.


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C-Bus Network Wiring for Three-Way Control C-Bus network wiring for three-way control is much simpler than the wiring required with the conventional method. The example setup uses a C-Bus Dimmer unit and two Neo Keypads, as illustrated in the figure, “C-Bus Network Wiring of a 'Three-Way' Control for Four Light Circuits.” This basic network will require a maximum of five 120 V AC conductors and two runs of Cat-5 UTP cable:

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At least one 120 V AC “Hot” line must be run to the Dimmer unit.

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Four 120 V AC “Home Runs” connect the Dimmer and the lamp loads.

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Cat-5 UTP cable is run from the C-Bus Dimmer unit to the Keypad at each entrance (altogether two lengths of Cat-5 cable). These three C-Bus units and the Cat-5 cable form a simple C-Bus network. There is no need for a direct run from one Keypad to the other, so long as both Keypads are connected to the Dimmer. Alternate types of connection could also be used. For example, you could run a length of Cat-5 between the Dimmer and one Keypad, and link the two Keypads with another cable run.


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Additional Advantages of C-Bus Networks A C-Bus network also offers several other advantages over conventional wiring.

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C-Bus networks allow dimming control from two or more locations. If a lighting circuit in the example family room is to be dimmed, then both Keypads can be used to control dimming without any extra wiring. In fact, if the units are configured properly, we can control lighting and dimming from all the C-Bus inputs in an installation, because they are all part of the C-Bus network.

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C-Bus networks use the same wiring for two-, four-, and eight-button keypads—only two connections are required to link the C-Bus controls.


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REVIEW: WIRING COMPARISON 1. At a minimum, how many electrical power conductors would be required to connect two four-gang conventional three-way switch plates and their loads? 9 13 11 2. How many of the Cat-5 conductors would be required to wire together two four-button C-Bus inputs (e.g., Keypads) and a C-Bus output unit (e.g., a Dimmer)? 2 4 6


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C-BUS NETWORK CABLING The C-Bus network is wired using Cat-5 Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable. The electrical characteristics of Cat-5 UTP cable include low capacitance, which allows communications over long distances. The twisted pairs inside the cable also provide high immunity to noise, making it ideal for wiring a C-Bus network.

C-Bus Network Current Capacity The current on a C-Bus network must not exceed 2 A, which is the maximum current capacity of the Cat-5 cable. NOTE: The C-Bus cable could be damaged if the current exceeds 2 A.

Cat-5 UTP Cable Conductors Cat-5 UTP cable conductors have a color-coded sheath, as shown in the figure, “Untwisted Conductors in Cat-5 UTP Cable.”

C-Bus Network Connections Each connection to a C-Bus unit uses two conductors, that is, two conductors for each positive connection to a C-Bus unit and two conductors for each negative connection. A connection made with two conductors has several advantages over a connection made with only one conductor:

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A termination is more secure when it is made with two conductors instead of one.

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An additional conductor provides extra copper, which reduces the voltage drop on long cable runs.

Standard Cat-5 Twisted-Pair Assignments vs. C-Bus Network Conductors It is critical to note that C-Bus network connections use different wire pairs than the standard twisted-pair assignments found in Cat-5 UTP cable. The difference will be obvious after you see the comparison. NOTE: Do not use the standard twisted-pairs on a C-Bus network, they will short out the bus.

Standard Cat-5 Twisted-Pair Assignments As you know, the standard Cat-5 twisted-pairs combine similar wire colors:

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blue twisted with blue-white

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orange twisted with orange-white

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green twisted with green-white

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brown twisted with brown-white

The standard Cat-5 UTP twisted pairs and their color-coded coverings are displayed in the figure "Standard Cat-5 Twisted-Pair Assignments."


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C-Bus-Specific Wire Pairs The wire pairs for C-Bus network connections to the positive and negative supplies use “opposite” colors, as follows:

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Positive supply: Orange and blue wires

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Negative supply: Orange-white and blue-white wires

Wire pairs for C-Bus network connections are illustrated in the figure, "C-Bus Network Wire Pairs." You will note that the original mutual twist has also been retained. This wiring strategy maintains immunity to noise.

The remaining four wires (green, green-white, brown, and brown-white) are available for “Remote Override” connections. These connections use the standard Cat-5 UTP twisted-pair assignments:

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Remote Override ON: Green and green-white wires are connected to C-Bus negative via a mechanical switch.

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Remote Override OFF: Brown and brown-white wires are connected to C-Bus negative via a mechanical switch.


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Importance of the C-Bus Supply Connections Remember three key points about the C-Bus supply connections.

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Square D Clipsal C-Bus products are designed to use the orange and blue conductors for the positive connection and the orange-white and blue-white conductors for the negative connection.

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The C-Bus-specific wire pairs are used in the Cat-5 patch leads supplied with the C-Bus DIN range of products.

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The C-Bus-specific wire pairs (and the mutual twist of the wires) increase the network's immunity to electromagnetic interference.


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REVIEW: C-BUS CONDUCTORS 1. C-Bus network Cat-5 UTP cable has how many color-coded twisted pairs? 1 4 6 2. The high noise immunity of Cat-5 UTP is due to: high resistance low capacitance properly twisted pairs of conductors 3. Which of the following wire pairs are used for C-Bus connections? orange and blue for positive, and orange-white and blue-white for negative orange and orange-white for positive, and blue and blue-white for negative orange-white and blue-white for positive, and orange and blue for negative

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TERMINATING C-BUS CONDUCTORS We recommend terminating C-Bus network conductors by capping the end of each pair with a bootlace ferrule, as shown in the figure “Recommended Methods for Terminating C-Bus Conductors.” You can also twist together the ends of the wires in each pair. Soldering is not recommended, as it can cause "cold flow.”

Terminating with Bootlace Ferrules Up to four Cat-5 conductors can be securely held using a small bootlace ferrule. Depending on the size of the ferrule, several can be held in a terminal.

Terminating by Twisting When twisting together the ends of a wire pair, work carefully to avoid frayed terminations such as shown in the figure, “Conductors with Frayed Terminations.” The single strand 24 AWG copper in each conductor is easily broken, and loose or broken wires are difficult to


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secure. Loose and broken wires increase the likelihood of short circuits and make it difficult to ensure that the appropriate connection is made.

Terminating by Soldering C-Bus wires should not be soldered for the following reasons:

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Soldering conductors together shrinks back the insulation and increases the likelihood of a short circuit between conductors.

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Over time the solder will cold flow away from the point of pressure (under the terminal screw), causing an intermittent or high-resistance joint (see the figure, “Soldered Conductors Can Lead to Cold Flow”).


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C-Bus Connectors RJ-45 connectors are typically used for connections to C-Bus DIN units. These connectors are wired as a standard patch lead with the assignments shown in the table “C-Bus Cable Conductor Assignments.”


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REVIEW: CONDUCTOR TERMINATIONS 1. Which of the following methods should not be used for C-Bus conductor terminations? twisting together bootlace ferrule soldering 2. Which of the following might occur if C-Bus cable terminations are frayed? C-Bus messages might go to the wrong units. The C-Bus network won't have enough power. There might be a short between C-Bus conductors.

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STANDARD NETWORK TOPOLOGY C-Bus units can be wired together in a number of different ways. Typical topologies are the "Daisy Chain," “Star Wire,” and a “Daisy Chain-Star Wire” combination. We do not recommend using a “Ring” topology for C-Bus networks.

Daisy Chain Topology The advantage of a Daisy Chain topology is that it uses less cable than the others. A disadvantage is that it can cause excessive voltage drop over long runs. You can prevent excessive voltage drop by spreading C-Bus network Power Supplies around the network. Output units that incorporate C-Bus network Power Supplies can also be used for this purpose.

Star Wire Topology C-Bus units can be Star Wired back to a central point such as a switchboard, punch down block, or enclosure where the output units are mounted. This topology limits voltage drop, but it could also use more cable than the Daisy Chain or Daisy Chain-Star Wire topology.

Daisy Chain-Star Wire Combination Topology In most cases, the most suitable topology is a combination topology. This consists of Daisy Chain runs that are Star Wired out from the output units.

Ring Topology Ring topologies offer some redundancy in case of broken or damaged wires. However, they are not suitable for use with C-Bus networks, because they also can provide parallel communication runs. These can result in distorted waveforms and "race" conditions.

Calculating Voltage Drop For more information about voltage drop across networks and instructions for calculating voltage drop, see the Clipsal Application Note, “Calculations for determining C-Bus voltages on a network.” This is a PDF file that can be downloaded from the following locations (short and long versions of the address): http://tinyurl.com/yvrrds http://www2.clipsal.com/cis/technical/technical_support/application_notes/CBus-VoltageCalculation.pdf


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REVIEW: C-BUS NETWORK TOPOLOGY 1. A Daisy Chain topology uses less Cat-5 UTP than the other C-Bus network topologies. Which of the following may also occur with a Daisy Chain topology? slow data transfer excessive voltage drop excessive network capacitance 2. Which of the following topologies is unsuitable for C-Bus networks? Daisy Chain Combined Daisy Chain-Star Wire Ring

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GENERAL C-BUS WIRING GUIDELINES Square D Clipsal offers this set of guidelines for installing and working with C-Bus networks. The guidelines presume that those who work with our products are qualified and know and follow industry regulations and best industry practices. The first guideline refers to electrical regulations, as they take precedence and can determine the specific manner you will perform the installation.

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Always follow national and local electrical codes.

The following guidelines are consistent with Best Practices and provide the best immunity to noise. They apply to units located around an installation as well as to C-Bus DIN units in an enclosure or panel.

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Even though the supplied C-Bus network Cat-5 patch cable has superior shielding, it is important to maintain at least 6 in. (152 mm) isolation between electrical power conductors and C-Bus network Cat-5 cable.

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Cross C-Bus network cable and electrical power lines at an angle of 90° and maintain at least 2.5 in. (64 mm) separation between C-Bus network cable and electrical power conductors.

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Securely anchor C-Bus network cable and electrical power conductors located in panels and enclosures. Anchoring provides a method to prevent contact between loose electrical power conductors and the C-Bus network wiring.

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Splice multiple C-Bus network Cat-5 cables outside a panel or enclosure, if at all possible, so that only one C-Bus cable enters the enclosure.

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Insulate any splices between multiple C-Bus network cables in panels and enclosures so that there are no loose wires, no exposed terminal screws, and so on.


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Background When a C-Bus unit is connected to both line-level voltage and C-Bus network voltage, it can lead to noise on the network. The noise can be avoided by separating the C-Bus Cat-5 UTP cable from the 120/277 V AC lines by at least 6 in. (152 mm). The separation between types of wires is especially applicable to C-Bus DIN units: DIN units are designed for use in panels and enclosures, where there are connections to both line-level voltage and C-Bus network voltage. If more than one C-Bus network cable might enter an enclosure, it is best to terminate the cables outside the enclosure. Using this method, only one Cat-5 cable will come into the enclosure to an RJ-45 port on one DIN unit. The 15.75 in. (400 mm) Cat-5 patch leads supplied with Square D Clipsal DIN units would then be used to interconnect any other DIN units in the enclosure. In the event multiple Cat-5 cables cannot be terminated outside the enclosure, any splice between Cat-5 cables must be effectively insulated: there should be no exposed terminal screws, no loose wires, and so on.

Approved Installer Site Visits During an Approved Installer site visit, the proper isolation between electrical power conductors and C-Bus wiring will be verified.

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REVIEW: WIRING GUIDELINES 1. When C-Bus Cat-5 UTP is terminated within a panel or enclosure, which of the following is required? The termination must be made with a terminal block of at least 2.5 mm². The termination must be effectively insulated. The termination must be made using an IDC punch down block. 2. Where C-Bus Cat-5 UTP cable and electrical power lines are present in the same enclosure, it is important to keep them separate. Best practices also require which of the following? Anchor all C-Bus Cat-5 UTP cables and all electrical power lines. Anchor all C-Bus Cat-5 UTP cables only. Anchor all electrical power lines only.


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C-BUS NETWORK POWER SUPPLIES The two-conductor connection between C-Bus units serves two purposes:

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It is the communication medium through which ON-and-OFF signals are sent between input units (e.g., Keypads or Touch Screens) and output units (e.g., Relays or Dimmers).

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It carries a 15–36 V DC supply to power the electronics in C-Bus units. (We recommend a minimum of 22 V DC for proper operation of the C-Bus network). The operational power is provided by C-Bus network Power Supplies.

NOTE: C-Bus network Power Supplies have a special output stage that enables the conductors to carry both communication and power. For this reason, only C-Bus network Power Supplies are suitable for C-Bus installations.

Voltage and Electrical Characteristics C-Bus network Power Supplies meet Class 2 requirements. They have a double-wound transformer that isolates them from line voltage by at least 3 kV, and the output voltage is capped at 34 V DC. In fact, all C-Bus units that connect to both electrical power lines and C-Bus supplies have similar components (e.g., double-wound isolation transformers and/or opto-isolators) to isolate them from line voltage.

Short Circuit and Overload Protection The network Power Supply's internal circuitry limits the amount of flowing current to a safe level. It prevents damage to itself and other network units by responding to the following situations:

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The bus conductors are shorted together.

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The number of units and current required exceeds the capacity of the Power Supplies.

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A C-Bus unit is incorrectly connected.

Over-Voltage Protection It is recommended that sufficient over-voltage and lightning protection be fitted to the main panel and any subpanel, particularly in areas where there is a high incidence of lightning strikes. Contact your local Schneider Electric sales representative for more information about our full line of Transient Voltage Surge Suppression (TVSS) products.

Multiple Power Supplies If a single C-Bus network Power Supply does not provide enough power for the units on a C-Bus network, you can increase capacity by connecting additional C-Bus network Power Supplies. In larger installations it is best to distribute the Power Supplies around the system. Distribution minimizes voltage drop across the C-Bus conductors. On any one C-Bus network, the combined power from the Power Supplies should not exceed 2 A, as the current-handling capability of the Cat-5 cable is 2 A.

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Types of Power Supplies C-Bus network Power Supplies are available in a number of configurations, including ”stand-alone” Power Supplies and units that are incorporated into Relays or Dimmers (“on-board” Power Supplies). C-Bus network Power Supply models and their output current are shown in the table, “Output Current of C-Bus Network Power Supplies.”

Power Calculations with On-Board Power Supplies The output current specified for an on-board network Power Supply is independent of the power that the unit uses, so the unit is not included in any power calculations. For example, if you were calculating the number of units that could be powered by a DIN-rail Relay that incorporated an on-board network Power Supply, your calculations would exclude the Relay's current requirements.


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REVIEW: POWER SUPPLY 1. The two C-Bus Cat-5 UTP conductors are used for data communication and: C-Bus power power for low-voltage lights telephone conversations 2. C-Bus network Power Supplies are isolated from the electrical power lines by double-wound isolation transformers and/or opto-isolators. What is the amount of isolation? 300 V 3 kV 30 kV 3. The combined current that C-Bus Power Supplies provide to the C-Bus network should not exceed: 200 mA 1A 2A

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NETWORK BURDENS A Network Burden is a 1 kOhm resistor in series with a 10 µF to 22 µF, 50 V electrolytic capacitor (polarity sensitive). A Network Burden applies a standard impedance and acts as an AC filter. It must be connected across each network to ensure reliable communication. One, and only one, Network Burden should be present on any one C-Bus network (but a multi-network installation will require one for each network). C-Bus networks can have an external hardware Network Burden or an internal software Network Burden.

Hardware Network Burdens An external hardware Network Burden is supplied with some C-Bus DIN units, such as the PC Interface (PCI), the Ethernet Network Interface, and the Network Bridge. The hardware burden is used by inserting one end into an RJ-45 C-Bus connection port. So long as no other burden is present on a network (e.g., a software version), a hardware burden can be used on any network that has a unit with an RJ-45 C-Bus connection port.

Software Network Burdens Some C-Bus units incorporate a software Network Burden. There are specific circumstances that regulate use of the software burden. For example, the C-Bus™ Toolkit software can be used to enable or disable a software burden on an output unit that has been given the Unit Address of 1. Other types of C-Bus units might use a different Unit Address. Software burdens are available on the following units:

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all C-Bus DIN-rail output units, such as the DIN Relays and DIN Dimmers

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Ethernet Network Interfaces

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PC Interfaces (PCI)

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Touch Screens

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General Input Units

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Network Bridges

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Telephone Interfaces

This list will continue to grow as additional C-Bus units are developed. For specific information about a C-Bus unit, see its installation instructions.


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REVIEW: NETWORK BURDEN 1. What is the maximum number of Network Burdens that should be present on a C-Bus network? one three five 2. What is the purpose of a Network Burden? to provide extra capacitance to the C-Bus network to add extra inductance to the C-Bus network to apply a standard impedance and act as an AC filter

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C-BUS MULTI-NETWORK INSTALLATIONS When a C-Bus system reaches a certain size, it is expanded by using a C-Bus Network Bridge to create another network. Additional networks are created under the following circumstances:

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when the network's current requirements exceed the C-Bus limit of 2 A

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when the number of units exceeds the C-Bus limit (approximately 100)

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when the total length of Cat-5 cable exceeds 3281 ft (1 km)

Each network in a multi-network installation requires its own Power Supply and Network Burden. This is because a Network Bridge provides electrical isolation between networks.

Characteristics of a Multi-Network Installation A Network Bridge uses galvanic separation to split an installation into separate, electrically isolated networks. Cross-network communications, between networks and between units, takes place across the Network Bridge. The type of communication is determined by how the Network Bridge is configured. Network Bridges can be configured to allow the following types of cross-network communication:

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communication in both directions

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communication in one direction only

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no communication

No matter how you implement cross-network communications, an operator can scan the network from a PC and see every network connected to the system.

Maximum Number of Networks Up to 255 C-Bus networks can be connected using C-Bus Network Bridges.

Multi-Network Topologies Various topologies can be employed when connecting the C-Bus networks. There are three types of connection topologies:

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Daisy Chain

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Star Wire

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Daisy Chain-Star Wire combination

The following sections illustrate and summarize any special characteristics of each topology.


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Daisy Chain Topology A Daisy Chain configuration must not exceed six Network Bridges deep (seven networks).

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Star Wire Topology


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Daisy Chain-Star Wire Combination Topology There are hundreds of possible combinations of Daisy Chain and Star Wire topologies.

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REVIEW: MULTI-NETWORK INSTALLATIONS 1. The maximum number of C-Bus networks that can be connected together via C-Bus Network Bridges is: 24 64 255 2. C-Bus networks can be connected in which of the following topologies: Star Wire configuration only Daisy Chain configuration only a combination of Daisy Chain and Star Wire 3. C-Bus networks that are Daisy Chained can go how many Network Bridges deep? two six eight you must not Daisy Chain C-Bus networks


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ADDRESS STRUCTURE Several types of addresses are used when communicating with C-Bus units.

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Unit Address The figure, “Diagram of Unit Addresses in a Network,” illustrates how they are used in a C-Bus network. The range of available Unit Addresses is 0–254, for a total of 255 addresses that can be displayed in decimal or hexadecimal format. Unit Addresses must be unique. The C-Bus software will recognize any duplication of Unit Addresses and resolve it by assigning a unique Unit Address to one of the units.


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Group Address The figure, “Diagram of Group Addresses in a Network,” illustrates how they are used in a C-Bus network. The Group Address determines which button inputs control which output channels. There are 255 Group Addresses (0–254) available per Application Address.

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Area Address The Area Address is used to simultaneously control all channels on a C-Bus Relay or Dimmer unit. Individual channels on Relays and Dimmers can also be controlled from their local toggle buttons, unless the channels have been disabled with the configuration software. The figure, “Diagram of Area Addresses in a Network” illustrates how they are used in a C-Bus network.


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REVIEW: C-BUS ADDRESSES 1. Which of the following is not a C-Bus address type? Group Address Unit Address Action Address 2. Group Addresses determine which of the following: which inputs control which outputs the addresses of units grouped together on the same network loads that switch ON at the same time each day

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BASIC CONFIGURATION All C-Bus units leave the factory with a default (undefined) Unit Address of 255. Each one must be given a unique Unit Address before it can operate in a C-Bus network. Using a temporary network, you can give units a unique address, or “pre-configure” them, before you send them to the site for installation. The temporary network consists of a computer, a PCI (SLC5500PC), a Power Supply (SLC5500TPS/SLC5500HPS), a hardware Network Burden, and any units to be configured. The following steps describe the basic pre-configuration process. 1. Connect the hardware Network Burden to the PC Interface. 2. Verify that the PC Interface has a Unit Address of 0. If it does not, re-assign the Unit Address to 0. 3. Connect a new to-be-configured C-Bus unit. 4. Give the unit a unique Unit Address (at a minimum). 5. Disconnect the unit and mark it with its Unit Address. 6. Deliver the unit to the job site and install it on the network.


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REVIEW: BASIC CONFIGURATION 1. All C-Bus units leave the factory with a Unit Address of: 0 1 255

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C-BUS TOOLS AND FUNCTIONS Local Toggle Buttons Many C-Bus output units (e.g., DIN-rail Dimmers, Professional Series Dimmers, DIN-rail Relays) have local toggle buttons (“channel-control” buttons). As implied by the name, toggle (channel-control) buttons allow direct control of a unit's output channels. An output unit's local toggle buttons (and their status indicators) operate so long as the unit is connected to line voltage—a connection to the C-Bus network is not necessary. In other words, the local toggle buttons can be used to directly operate loads (OFF/ON). For this reason, local toggle buttons are especially useful for verifying that the power lines are installed correctly and that each channel switches the correct load(s).

C-Bus Network Analyzer The C-Bus Network Analyzer (SLC5100NA) is used on a temporary basis to verify network operations. When it is connected to a C-Bus network, it indicates the status of the C-Bus Power Supply, Network Burden, and System Clock. It also assesses whether the length of C-Bus network cable is appropriate. NOTE: Do not scan the network when the Network Analyzer is connected, it will disrupt network communications.

Learn Mode Learn Mode is a C-Bus configuration function. Typically, a PC Interface is required to configure components of a C-Bus network. But Learn Mode can be used for basic configuration of a C-Bus network without having a PC Interface connected. When Learn Mode is activated, associations between input and output units are learned by pressing buttons on the units.


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REVIEW: C-BUS TOOLS 1. How do the local toggle buttons on output units operate? They turn their respective channels ON and OFF. They turn their respective channels ON only. They turn their respective channels OFF only. 2. The C-Bus Network Analyzer can check: C-Bus power, System Clock, cable length, and the number of C-Bus units cable length, System Clock, Network Burden, and C-Bus Power Supply System Clock, time of day, cable length, and C-Bus Power Supply

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C-BUS OPERATING PARAMETERS The following sections summarize the primary factors to be accounted for when you plan a C-Bus network.

Maximum Cable Length, Current, and Number of Units 1. The maximum total length of Cat-5 UTP cable on any one C-Bus network is 3281 ft (1 km). 2. The current on a C-Bus network must not exceed 2 A. 3. The maximum recommended number of C-Bus units on any one network is 100 units. The actual number will vary with the network's impedance and the amount of current available on the network (maximum of 2 A). 4. Multiple C-Bus network Power Supplies can be connected to a C-Bus network to provide sufficient power for C-Bus units. The Power Supplies will share the load evenly. The maximum combined Power Supply output for a single network is 2 A. Examples of acceptable configurations for a single network are: • 5 × Power Supply, rated at 350 mA each, 120/277 V AC (SLC5500TPS/SLC5500HPS) • 10 × DIN-rail output units with on-board C-Bus network Power Supplies rated at 200 mA each (e.g., a Four-Channel Relay, SLC5504HRVF20/SLC5504TRVF20) • 30 × Professional Series (Pro) Dimmers with on-board C-Bus network Power Supplies rated at 60 mA each (e.g., SLC5101TD20) 5. Any combination of on-board and stand-alone Power Supply units is allowed so long as the total power available does not exceed 2 A. 6. Where a network requires more than 2 A, approximately 100 standard C-Bus units, or 3281 ft (1 km) of cable, two or more networks can be created and linked by using a Network Bridge (SLC5500NB).


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Network Requirements 1. Each C-Bus network requires one, but only one, Network Burden (hardware or software). a. A hardware Network Burden can be assembled using a 1 kOhm, 0.6 W (or higher) resistor and a 10 µF, 50 V capacitor in series, connected across the C-Bus network positive and negative connectors. b. A software Network Burden can be enabled in the following units: • all C-Bus output units (e.g., Dimmers and Relays) • most system support devices, such as a PC Interface (SLC5500PC) or an Ethernet Network Interface (SLC5500CN) • some input units, such as Touch Screens (SLC50x0CTCxx) and the Four-Channel General Input Unit (SLCE5504TGI) 2. Each C-Bus network requires at least one unit with an active System Clock, and one or more additional units that each have an enabled System Clock (recommended maximum of three). A System Clock generator is contained within the following units: • all C-Bus output units (e.g., Dimmers and Relays) • most system support units, such as a PC Interface (SLC5500PC) or an Ethernet Network Interface (SLC5500CN) • some input units, such as Touch Screens (SLC50x0CTCxx) and the Four-Channel General Input Unit (SLCE5504TGI)

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Installation Size 1. The maximum number of networks that may be combined in a single installation is 255. 2. The maximum number of networks that may be connected in series to the local network is seven (using six network bridges).

Electrical Phases 1. The line-voltage supply to a DIN-rail Dimmer's Power Supply must be on the same phase as the connection to the output channels. 2. C-Bus network Power Supplies (including those on Professional Series Dimmers and non-Dimmer DIN units) may be connected to different electrical phases. 3. Individual Relay channels may be connected to different electrical phases.

Class 1 and Class 2 Isolation The isolation between the Class 1 (120/277 V AC) and Class 2 (15–36 V DC C-Bus) lines is greater than 3.5 kV. This is achieved by using opto-isolators and double wound transformers.


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REVIEW: C-BUS OPERATING PARAMETERS 1. The maximum total length of Cat-5 UTP on a C-Bus network is: 328.1 ft (100 m) 3281 ft (1 km) 3.1 mi (5 km) 2. All C-Bus networks must have at least one active System Clock. What is the recommended maximum number of enabled System Clocks on a network? 5 12 3 3. A network might require more than one C-Bus Power Supply. What power phase can they be connected to? All Power Supplies must be connected to the same phase. All Power Supplies must be connected to the red phase. It does not matter, Power Supplies can be spread over all three phases.

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Schneider Electric, USA 295 Tech Park Drive La Vergne, TN, 37086 1-888-SquareD (1-888-778-2733) www.squaredlightingcontrol.com


Electrical equipment should be installed, operated, serviced, and maintained only by qualified personnel. No responsibility is assumed by Schneider Electric for any consequences arising out of the use of this material. , Clipsal, C-Bus, and Neo are trademarks or registered Square D, trademarks of Schneider Electric and/or its affiliates in the United States and/or other countries. © 2008 Schneider Electric. All Rights Reserved.

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Online Introductory C-Bus Network Tutorial - Square D

Online Introductory C-Bus Network Tutorial - Square D

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