Open Source Software & Cartography

Open Source Software & Cartography Dr. Vassilios Krassanakis Rural & Surveying Engineer

TEI of Athens, Faculty of Technological Applications December, 2015

Outline o  Free & Open Source Software o  Cartography o  Mapping Tools & Software o  Open Source Software for Cartographic Purposes o  Applications o  Concluding remarks Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Free & Open Source Software (FOSS)

Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Free Software & Open Source Software “In practice, open source stands for criteria a little weaker than those of free software. As far as we know, all existing free software would qualify as open source. Nearly all open source software is free software, but there are exceptions.” Richard Stallman http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Free Software: 4 essential freedoms o  Freedom 0: Run the program for any purpose o  Freedom 1: Study how the program works and adapt to your needs (access to source code) o  Freedom 2: Redistribute copies o  Freedom 3: Redistribute copies of improvements to the public (access to source code) Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Open Source Software: Criteria o  Free distribution o  Source code o  Derived works o  Integrity of the author’s source code o  No discrimination against persons or groups o  No discrimination against fields of endeavor o  Distribution of license o  License must not be specific to a product o  License must not restrict other software o  License must be technology-neutral http://opensource.org/osd Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Popular Open Source Licenses o  Apache License o  BSD License o  GNU General Public License (GPL) o  GNU Library (LGPL) o  MIT License o  Mozilla Public License o  … Extensive list of the approved licenses: http://opensource.org/licenses Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Popular Open Source Software o  Mozilla Firefox o  Mozilla Thunderbird o  LibreOffice o  VLC o  GIMP o  Inkscape o  Blender o  WordPress o  Filezilla o  … Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Main Advantages of Open Source Software o  Cost o  Flexibility and Freedom o  Quality o  Security o  Speed o  Customizability o  Interoperability o  Near to “cutting-edge” technology o  … Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Cartography


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Cartography: Definitions o  Short: “ The art, science and technology of making and using maps.” o  Long: “A unique facility for the creation and manipulation of visual or virtual representations of geospace – maps – to permit the exploration, analysis, understanding and communication of information about that space.” [International Cartographic Association (ICA), Strategic Plan 2003-2011] Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Map: Definition “A symbolised representation of a geographical reality, representing selected features and characteristics, resulting from the creative effort of its author’s execution of choices, that is designed for use when spatial relationships are of primary relevance.” [ICA, Strategic Plan 2003-2011]


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Map evolution: Historical Maps

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/ Graecia_Vetus_Map_of_Ancient_Greece.jpg Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Map evolution: Typical Paper Maps

http://imperfectspirituality.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/Spontaneity-and-map.jpg Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Map evolution: Digital Maps

[1]

[2] [3]

[1] http://www.dinhviasia.com//uploads/733/SERVER%20MOBILE/ Laptop_with_maps_2-2.png [2] http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/81el %2B5czWzL._SL1500_.jpg [3] http://www.efi.com/library/efi/images/about/newsroom/ graphics_and_images/enterprise_mobile_printing/android_screen.jpg [4] http://i.imgur.com/LIieQby.png [5] http://visionloss.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/zoom_2xe1430709889603.jpg

[4] [5] Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Map evolution: Tactile Maps

http://www.buffalo.edu/content/dam/www/news/photos/2014/11/awesometalking-maps/perkins-touch.JPG Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Map evolution: Holographic Mapping

https://timenerdworld.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/simtable.jpg? w=480&h=320&crop=1 Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Design tools: Visual Variables

Bertin 1967/1983 “Semiology of graphics: diagrams, networks, maps” Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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The effectiveness of visual variables


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Design tools: Dynamic Variables [1/2]

DiBiase, MacEachrean, Krygier, & Reeves (1992) Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Design tools: Dynamic Variables [2/2] o  Duration o  Rate of Change o  Order o  Frequency o  Display date o  Synchronization http://www.personal.kent.edu/~zchovan/images/ GraduatedSymbols.gif Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Design tools: Sound Variables Krygier (1994)

http://makingmaps.files.wordpress.com/2008/03/soundvars-crop.jpg Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Critical Remark

There are specific rules and principles for cartographic visualization


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Topics in Cartographic Research o  Map Projections o  Map Semiotics and Perception o  Map Design o  Map Generalization o  Historical Mapping o  Data Quality o  Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs) o  Web Mapping o  … Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Mapping Tools & Software


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An outline of mapping tools and software Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Graphic Design

Web Map Services


Software for special needs

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Graphic Design Tools o  “Page layout” based design o  Working units: Paper units o  “WYSIQYG” (What You See Is What You Get) o  Independent from paper size o  Color models (RGB, CMYK, HSL etc.) o  Detailed designing Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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GIS Tools o  Geospatial data support (geometry, attributes, metadata) o  Working units: Real Units (in ground) o  Vector & Raster data o  Geodatabases manipulation o  Visualization methods and techniques o  Geospatial analyses and algorithms (statistics etc.) o  Connection with web map services Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Web Map Services o  Map production after clients’ requests o  Raster-based formats (PNG, JPEG,..) o  Vector-based formats (SVG)

http://www.tankonyvtar.hu/en/tartalom/ tamop425/0027_ADW1/ch01s02.html Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Geospatial web services: Standards Open Geospatial Consortium o  Web Map Service (WMS) –  GetCapabilities –  GetMap –  GetFeatureInfo

o  Web Feature Service (WFS) –  GetCapabilities –  DescribeFeatureType –  GetFeature –  Transaction

o  Web Coverage Service (WCS) o  … Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Open Source Software for Cartographic Purposes


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Operating System: OSGeo-Live o  Open Source Geospatial Software o  Pre-configured applications o  Live CD (latest stable release: 9.0) o  Based on Lubuntu (Linux distribution, desktop LXDE) o  Download: http://live.osgeo.org/ o  OSGeo Foundation: http:// www.osgeo.org Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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OSGeo Environment

http://live.osgeo.org/en/index.html Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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OSGeo: GIS Software GIS Desktop o  QGIS o  GRASS GIS o  gvSIG o  uDig o  Kosmo o  OpenJUMP o  SAGA

GIS (Browser) o  OpenLayers 3 o  Leaflet o  Cesium o  Geomajas o  Mapbender o  Geomoose o  Cartaro o  GeoNode

http://live.osgeo.org/en/overview/overview.html Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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OSGeo: Web Services o  GeoServer o  MapServer o  Deegree o  ncWMS o  EOxServer o  GeoNetwork o  Pycsw

o  MapProxy o  QGIS Server o  52°North WPS o  52°North SOS o  TinyOWS o  ZOO-Project


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OSGeo: Data Stores & Data Sets Data Stores o  PostGIS o  SpatiaLite o  Rasdaman o  pgRouting

Data Sets o  Natural Earth o  OSGeo North Carolina, USA Educational dataset o  OpenStreetMap o  NetCDF Data Set

http://live.osgeo.org/en/overview/overview.html


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OSGeo: Navigation & Domain Specific GIS Navigation o  GpsDrive o  GpsPrune o  Marble o  OpenCPN o  OpenStreetMap o  Viking

Domain Specific GIS o  Sahana Eden o  Ushahidi o  osgEarth o  MB-System o  zyGrib


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OSGEO: Spatial Analysis Tools o  GMT o  Ipython Notebook o  OTB o  R for Spatial Data o  Mapnik o  MapSlicer o  OSSIM o  GeoKettle http://live.osgeo.org/en/overview/overview.html Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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OSGeo: Geospatial Libraries o  GDL/OGR o  JTS Topology Suite (JTS) o  GeoTools o  GEOS o  MetaCRS o  libLAS o  Iris http://live.osgeo.org/en/overview/overview.html Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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OSGeo Tools Extensive description of all OSGeo tools (features, licenses, communities, versions, link to each project web page etc.) can be found in the link below: http://live.osgeo.org/en/overview/ overview.html


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QGIS o  A Free and Open Source Geographic Information System o  Current version: QGIS 2.12 ‘Lyon’ (release date: 23/10/2015) o  Cross-platform (Windows, Mac, Linux, BSD, & Android) o  GNU General Public License o  Applications: –  QGIS Desktop –  QGIS Browser –  QGIS Server –  QGIS Web Client –  QGIS on Android (beta edition)


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QGIS: Graphical User Interface(GUI)

http://www.digital-geography.com/wp-content/uploads/ 2014/06/BaseData_DC.png Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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QGIS Plugins Repository

565 records found!!!

http://plugins.qgis.org/plugins/


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QGIS: Extensive Documentation

http://docs.qgis.org/2.8/en/docs/index.html Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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QGIS: Documentation for Developers

http://docs.qgis.org/2.8/en/docs/pyqgis_developer_cookbook/ Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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QGIS: Map Examples

https://www.flickr.com/groups/qgis/pool/ Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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QGIS: Extensive support o  Mailing Lists o  Forums o  StackExchnage o  Chat o  User Groups o  Website o  Issue Tracker o  Commercial Support http://www.qgis.org/en/site/forusers/support.html Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Inkscape o  An Open Source Graphics Editor o  Vector-based Software o  Native format: Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) o  Latest Stable Version: 0.91 o  Cross-platform (Linux, Windows, Mac) o  Licensed under the GPL Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Inkscape: GUI

http://www.visuallizard.com/uploads/ck/images/projects/map%20in%20inkscape.png Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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GIMP o  GNU Image Manipulation Program o  Raster-based Software o  Cross-platform (Linux, Windows, Mac) o  Current Stable Version 2.8.16 GIMP-GAP o  Advanced tool for animations Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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OpenLayers3 o  Mapping library o  JavaScript API interface o  Web and Mobile clients o  Browser technologies (HTML5, WeBGL, CSS3) o  Raster & Vector data o  Interactive mapping o  BSD 2-Clause License (FreeBSD License) o  Current version: 3.11.2 Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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OpenLayers 3: Start Programming

http://openlayers.org/en/v3.11.2/doc/quickstart.html Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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OpenLayers 3: Learning through examples

http://openlayers.org/en/v3.11.2/examples/ Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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OSU Cartography and Geovisualization group’s software applications: A great example!

http://cartography.oregonstate.edu/software.html Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Applications


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OpenStreetMap(OSM): A “well-known” example

http://www.openstreetmap.org Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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OSM: Wide Contribution

http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/images/6/61/Active_contributors_year.png Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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GEODATA.gov.gr: A great example from Greece

http://geodata.gov.gr/maps/ Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Sound map o  Alevizakis (2014), Alevizakis & Nakos (2014) o  Implementation: –  QGIS –  KompoZer –  Html, JavaScript o  Data source: Hellenic Statistical Authority (ELSTAT)

http://carto.survey.ntua.gr/theses/sound_map/ Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Animated Map: Visibility o  Implementation: GIMP-GAP

Misthos (2014), Misthos, Nakos, Mitropoulos, Krassanakis, Menegaki & Batzakis (2014) Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Web Map: OpenLayers

http://carto.survey.ntua.gr/theses/masia_map/ Papapostolou (2013), Papapostolou & Nakos (2014) Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Web Map: MapServer

http://carto.survey.ntua.gr/theses/masia_map/ Papapostolou (2013), Papapostolou & Nakos (2014) Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Animated Map o  Implementation: GIMP-GAP

http://carto.survey.ntua.gr/theses/masia_map/animations/saggarios.gif Papapostolou (2013), Papapostolou & Nakos (2014) Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Web GIS o  Based on Geoserver o  Layers processed in QGIS o  Under development

National Observatory of Athens, Institute of Geoydynamics, ASPIDA project Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Geoportal o  Based on GeoNode o  ADRIatioc Ionian maritime spatial PLANning (ADRIPLAN) http://data.adriplan.eu Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Geoportal o  Layers exploration

http://data.adriplan.eu Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Geoportal o  Layers: full description

http://data.adriplan.eu Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Educational purposes: GIS training o  Land uses in coastal zone (QGIS)

PEGA, Environmental Geoinformatics Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Educational purposes: GIS training o  Interpolation in marine data (QGIS)

PEGA, Environmental Geoinformatics Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Educational purpose: Web GIS training o  Pre-processing in QGIS

Nakos & Krassanakis (IEKEM Seminar), Tzelepis, Krassanakis & Nakos (2014) Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Educational purpose: Web GIS training o  MapServer, OpenLayers


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Educational purpose: Web GIS training o  MapServer, OpenLayers


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GenCartoPro o  GENeration of CARTOgraphic PROjections o  Educational needs o  MATLAB source code o  Will be distributed under GPLv3 License o  Inkscape (graphic implementation) Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

Nakos, Krassanakis, & Mitropoulos (in the framework of Kallipos project 2015) 73

EyeMMV toolbox o  Eye Movements Metrics & Visualizations o  Eye tracking experimental analysis o  MATLAB source code o  GPLv3 License (Distribution: https:// github.com/krasvas/ EyeMMV) Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

Krassanakis, Filippakopoulou, & Nakos (2014), Krassanakis (2013, 2014)

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A framework for the management and visualization of thematic data using open source

Krassanakis & Tzelepis (2012) Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Suggestions for software improvements based on cartographic principles o  gvSIG GIS software Krassanakis, Mitropoulos & Nakos (2013) Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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Concluding remarks o  FOSS can substantially support academic/ research and professional needs in Cartography and related disciplines (GIScience) o  Several opportunities for public contribution o  Well-documented material (manual etc.) o  Do not forget scientific principles, enhance FOSS functionality with your contribution Vassilios Krassanakis, Open Source Software & Cartography

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References o 

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Alevizakis Α. (2014), Interactive sound map in the Web - Noise map for the city of Veroia (In Greek), Diploma Thesis, School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens. Alevizakis A., & Nakos B. (2014), An interactive sound map published through the internet. The noise map of the city of Veroia (In Greek). Proceedings of 13th National Cartographic Conference, Hellenic Cartographic Society, Patras, Greece. Bertin, J. (1983), Semiology of Graphics: Diagrams, Networks, Maps, University of Wisconsin Press (First published in French 1967, trans. to English by Berg, W.J. 1983). DiBiase, D., MacEachren, A. M., Krygier, J. B., & Reeves, C. (1992), Animation and the role of map design in scientific visualization, Cartography and geographic information systems, 19(4), 201-214. Krassanakis V. (2014), Development of a methodology of eye movement analysis for the study of visual perception in animated maps (In Greek), Doctoral Dissertation, School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens. Krassanakis V., & Tzelepis N. (2012), Using open source software for the management and the visualization of thematic data (In Greek), Proceedings of the 7th Hellenic Conference HellasGIs, Athens, Greece. Krassanakis V., Mitropoulos V., & Nakos B. (2013), A cartographic approach of the process of map symbolization on gvSIG software, Proceedings of the 9th International gvSIG Conference, Valencia, Spain.


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References o 

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Krassanakis V., Filippakopoulou V., & Nakos B. (2014), EyeMMV toolbox: An eye movement post-analysis tool based on a two-step spatial dispersion threshold for fixation identification, Journal of Eye Movement Research, 7(1): 1, 1-10. Krygier, J. B. (1994), Sound and geographic visualization, Visualization in modern cartography, 149-166. Misthos L. M. (2014), Mountainous Landscape exploration visualizing viewshed changes in animated maps, Master Thesis (Geoinformatics), School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens. Misthos L. M., Nakos B., Mitropoulos V., Krassanakis V., Menegaki M., & Batzakis D. V. (2014), The Effectiveness of Propagating Viewsheds' Geovisualization from Topographically Prominent Viewroutes. Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of the Hellenic Geographical Society, Thessaloniki, Greece. Papapostolou Α. (2013), Web and dynamic maps for the graphic rendering of Asia Minor campaign, Master Thesis (Geoinformatics), School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens. Papapostolou A., & Nakos B. (2014), Interactive and dynamic web mapping using open source software, The visualization of the Asia Minor campaign (In Greek), Proceedings of 13th National Cartographic Conference, Hellenic Cartographic Society, Patras, Greece. Tzelepis N., Krassanakis V., & Nakos B. (2014), The use of free/open source software (FOSS) to create web maps for education (In Greek), Proceedings of 13th National Cartographic Conference, Hellenic Cartographic Society, Patras, Greece.


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Thank you Dr. Vassilios Krassanakis [email protected] https://sites.google.com/site/vassilioskrassanakis/


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