Opportunities for Economic Co-operation and

National Youth Policy 2014

Dr Casimir Raj.M sdb ILAMAI-Youth Director

Definition of Youth 

The United Nations defines "Youth" as 15–24 years and in the Commonwealth, it is 15–29 years. In order to use a definition more in line with these international standards, the National Youth Policy 2014 changes the definition from 13–35 years (NYP 2003) to 15–29 years.

Young India

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

India is a union of 29 states and 7 union territories. As of 2011, with an estimated population of 1.21 billion

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Youth in the age group of 15-29 years comprise 27.5% of the population. At present, about 34% of India’s Gross National Income (GNI) is contributed by the youth, aged 15-29 years.

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2014 election new voters 150 million under 18-23 years

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It is expected that in 2020 the average age of an Indian will be 29 years compared to 37 for China & for Japan

Demographic Dividend 

“It is an advantage for India now because the country is entering the demographic dividend phase while China is exiting it,” asserts Bikram Sen, a former Indian census board director.

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Demographic dividend refers to a period – when a greater proportion of people are young and in the working age-group. This cuts spending on dependants, spurring economic growth.

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In India more than 672 million people are of working age (15-59). Of these 253 million are youth aged 15 to 24, accounting for 21% of the total population in 2011.

Percentage of Population in selected age groups India : 1991 to 2011 Age group (years lbd)

0-4

Census 1991*

Census 2001@

Census 2011@

60+

12.2 13.3 11.8 55.4 6.8

10.7 12.5 12.1 56.9 7.4

9.3 10.5 11.0 60.3 8.6

Age not stated

0.6

0.3

0.4

5-9 10-14 15-59

* Excluding Jammu & Kashmir @ Excluding Mao Maram, Pao Mata and Purul Sub Divisions of Senapati district of Manipur

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Demographic dividend: Percentage of persons in age-group 15-59 years have increased by 3.4% in 2011 compared to 2001

Demand from the Labour Market 

Every year 12.8 million young people entering the labour market.

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In India only 5% of the workforce has a marketable skills, as compared to 50% to 60% in other countries



India has a target of skilling/upskilling 500 million people by 2020

Correlation of National & Youth Problems Youth Problems

National Problems

Solution

Laziness & postponement

Low productivity leads to Poverty

Be Dynamic

Desires beyond needs

Greed and corruption

Discipline desires

Attractions and romance HIV/ AIDs

Discipline Actions

Groups based on Caste, religion, region Disunity

Be Indian First

Individual Problems lead to National Problems Therefore, Individual Transformation leads to National Transformation

Why Youth Policy? 

Youth policy is a tool through which young people’s issues and needs are met and their wellbeing is assured by different welfare states, international, independent and voluntary organisations.

Emergence of Youth Policy Pre-Independence – –

Scouts – 1909 for Anglo-Indian boys and 1914 for Indian boys Guides – 1911 for Anglo-Indian girls and 1914 for Indian girls

Post-Independence – – – – – – –

National Cadet Corps (NCC) – 1948 National Service Scheme (NSS) – 1969 Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan (NYKS) – 1972 Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development (RGNIYD) - 1993 1988 – National Youth Policy 2003 – National Youth Policy 2014 – National Youth Policy

Conceptual Framework (adapted from Gough, 2008)

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Factors shaping Indian youth policy

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NYP-2014: The VISION “To

empower youth of the country to achieve their full potential and through them enable India to find its rightful place in the community of nations.”

NYP-2014: OBJECTIVES and PRIORITY AREAS Objectives

Priority Areas

Create a productive work force that can make sustainable contribution to India’s economic development

Education

Develop a strong and healthy generation equipped to take on future challenges

Health and Healthy Lifestyle

Instil social values and promote community service to strengthen nationalism

Promotion of Social Values

Facilitate participation and civic engagement at all levels of governance

Participation in Politics and Governance

Support youth at risk and create equitable opportunity for all disadvantaged and marginalised youth

Inclusion

Employment and Skill Development Entrepreneurship Sports

Community Engagement

Youth Engagement Social Justice

NYP 2014: Vision, Objectives and Priority Areas

To empower youth of the country to achieve their full potential, and through them enable India to find its rightful place in the community of nations Create a productive workforce

Develop a strong and healthy generation

Instil social values & promote community service

Facilitate participation and civic engagement

Health and healthy lifestyle

Promotion of social values

Participation in politics & governance

Inclusion

Sports

Community engagement

Youth Engagement

Social Justice

Education

Support youth at risk and create equality of opportunity for all

Entrepreneurship Employment & Skill development

1. E.g. NYKS, NSS

Vision

Objectives

Priority Areas

Priority Areas: Future Imperatives… 

Priority Area 1: Education 

Building Capacity and Quality in the System:    

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Capacity Improvements for increased access and capacity. Improving quality of inputs and outcomes. Defining the Role of Government vis-à-vis Private Sector. Developing Mechanisms for financing education.

Promote skill development and life-long learning: 



Building inter-linkages between systems such as formal education, vocational training, skilling programmes, literacy and basic education programmes. Building overarching policy or coordinating framework to govern education for youth aged 15-24 years with focus on governance, accountability and transparency.

Priority Areas: Future Imperatives… 

Priority Area 2: Employment and Skill Development  Targeted Youth Outreach and Awareness Programmes.  Building linkages across systems and stakeholders. 

Defining role of Government vis-à-vis other stakeholders. Priority Area 3: Entrepreneurship  Targeted Youth Outreach Programmes.  Scaling up effective programmes to build capacity.  Creating customized training programmes for Young Entrepreneurs.  Implementing widespread monitoring and evaluation systems. 

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Between Training Institutions and Employers; Education System and Skill Institutes; Sectoral Skill Councils, Employers and Training Institutes, etc.

Priority Areas: Future Imperatives… 

Priority Area 4: Health and Healthy Lifestyle 

Improved Service Delivery: 



Targeted Awareness Programmes for Youth 

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On preventive healthcare, nutrition choices etc.

Targeted Disease Control Programmes for Youth 

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Adequate healthcare access; trained healthcare personnel; focus on healthcare issues concerning women youth.

For AIDS/ HIV, TB, substance abuse, communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases linked to life-style disorders.

Priority Area 5: Sports   

Increasing access to sports facilities and training Promotion of Sports culture among youth Support and development for talented sportspersons

Priority Areas: Future Imperatives… 

Priority Area 6: Promotion of Social Values   

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Moving towards formalizing value education Strengthening engagement programmes for youth Supporting NGOs working towards spreading values and harmony.

Priority Area 7: Community Engagement 

Promoting and leveraging existing Community Development Organisations (CDOs) 



Developing framework for accreditation and certification of CDOs; Setting up a Volunteer Exchange Platform.

Promoting Social Entrepreneurship 

Enabling Policy Regime for seed funding and angel investment; Convening Social Entrepreneurship Forums for exchange of information.

Priority Areas: Future Imperatives… 

Priority Area 8: Participation in Politics and Governance   



Engaging the Youth that are outside the Political System Create Governance Mechanism that Youth can leverage Promote youth engagement in urban governance

Priority Area 9: Youth Engagement  

Measuring and monitoring effectiveness of GOI’s development schemes Creating a platform for engagement with youth   

To provide them information and to do a regular “pulse-check” To get their inputs on specific policy issues; and To set up a ‘Youth Advisory Council’ for continuous and structured interaction with the youth.

Priority Areas: Future Imperatives 

Priority Area 10: Inclusion  

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

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Enablement and Capability Building for Disadvantaged Youth Ensuring economic opportunities for youth in conflictaffected Regions Developing a multi-pronged approach to supporting youth with disability Create awareness and opportunities to prevent youth being put at risk.

Priority Area 11: Social Justice 

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Leveraging youth to eliminate unjust social practices like child marriage, dowry, honour killings etc. Strengthening access to justice at all levels

NYP-2014: Implementation, Monitoring and Review

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Implementation: 

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Monitoring and Evaluation: 

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A Plan of Action (PoA) to be prepared for implementation of the Policy within 6 months. State Govts. requested to prepare/ upgrade State Youth Policy in line with NYP-2014.

NYP-2014 provides specific Leading (short-term) and Lagging (Long-term) Indicators for measuring performance. MoYAS to bring out a “Biennial Status of the Youth Report” every two years.

Review 

NYP-2014 to be reviewed after 5 years.

Recommendations on Way Forward 

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

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Need for increase in investment in the Youth by GOI to capture the demographic dividend Mainstreaming Youth Issues in the Development Process  Building ‘Youth Development’ into RFDs.  Key Ministries may develop a ‘Youth Connect’ Programme Discussing and defining the role of all stakeholders  ‘Doers’ and ‘Enablers’ for various Programmes. Leveraging various channels for effective youth engagement and participation  Use of ICT and Social Media to engage with the Youth  Promoting youth development through existing organisations.

Unification of efforts to solve Problems Corporations (CA, GE, Wipro, Infosys, NXP, ADP, Shantabiotech, Vijaya Electricals, Hetero Drugs…)

NGOs (AIF, UnitedWay, NASSCOM, ITsAP – Republic Ride…)

State Government

Media companies

(AP, Tamilnadu)

NRIs Institutions ISB, HCU, COD

Central Government

Volunteers Problems: • Illiteracy • HIV • Poverty • Corruption, etc.

THANK YOU

Dr.Casimir Raj.M sdb, ILAMAI, Youth Director