Optimization of Heat Exchange in a Heat Accumulator ...

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

ScienceDirect Procedia Technology 19 (2015) 737 – 741

WK,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQIHUHQFH,QWHUGLVFLSOLQDULW\LQ(QJLQHHULQJ,17(5(1* 2FWREHU 7LUJX0XUHV5RPDQLD

2SWLPL]DWLRQRIKHDWH[FKDQJHLQDKHDWDFFXPXODWRUZLWKODWHQW KHDWVWRUDJH /XFD&RQVWDQWLQD'DQLHO'UDJRPLU6WDQFLXD ,RQXW9DVLOH&ULVPDUXD 7HFKQLFDO8QLYHUVLW\³*KHRUJKH$VDFKL´RI,DúL %OG'0DQJHURQQU,DúL5RPkQLD

$EVWUDFW 7KHSDSHUDQDO\]HVWKHSRVVLELOLW\WRRSWLPL]HWKHFRQVWUXFWLRQRIDKHDWH[FKDQJHUZKLFKKDVWKHUROHRIWKHUPDODFFXPXODWRULQ DVRODUHQHUJ\VWRUDJHV\VWHPIRUUHVLGHQWLDOXVH 7KHVWRUDJHRIVRODUHQHUJ\LVPDGHLQDSKDVHFKDQJHPDWHULDO3&0 QDPHO\ ZD[SDUDIILQ 6WDUWLQJIURPDPRGHORIWKHUPDODFFXPXODWRUWHVWHGH[SHULPHQWDOO\DLPLQJDWLPSURYLQJWKHKHDWWUDQVIHUEHWZHHQ ZD[SDUDIILQDQGZDWHUWDNHVWKHKHDWVWRUHG )RUWKHQHZFRQVWUXFWLRQVROXWLRQVSURSRVHGKHDWWUDQVIHUPRGHOLQJZDVSHUIRUPHG XVLQJ)OXHQWPRGXOHIURP$16@3&0 DEVRUEV DQG UHOHDVH KHDW DW D QHDUO\ FRQVWDQW WHPSHUDWXUH 7KH\ VWRUH ± WLPHV PRUH KHDW SHU XQLW YROXPH WKDQ VHQVLEOHVWRUDJHPDWHULDOVVXFKDVZDWHURUURFN>@

&RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU 7HO (PDLODGGUHVVGGUDJRPLU#\DKRRFRP

2212-0173 © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of “Petru Maior” University of Tirgu Mures, Faculty of Engineering doi:10.1016/j.protcy.2015.02.104

738

Luca Constantin et al. / Procedia Technology 19 (2015) 737 – 741

3DUDIILQ ZD[ LV WKH PDLQO\ XVHG FRPPHUFLDO RUJDQLF KHDW VWRUDJH 3&0 ,W FRQVLVWV RI PDLQO\ VWUDLJKW FKDLQ K\GURFDUERQVWKDWKDYHPHOWLQJWHPSHUDWXUHVIURPWRƒ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

D

E

)LJD 7KHILUVWPRGHORIWKHKHDWDFFXPXODWRUE 7KHWHPSHUDWXUHGLVWULEXWLRQLQSDUDIILQZD[ DQGIORZLQJZDWHU

7KHPD[LPXPWHPSHUDWXUHRISDUDIILQZD[ZDV ž&7KHPD[LPXPWHPSHUDWXUHRIWKHRXWOHWZDWHULVž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ž&

Luca Constantin et al. / Procedia Technology 19 (2015) 737 – 741

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

D

E

)LJD 7KHKHDWDFFXPXODWRUZLWKH[WHUQDOSLSHVE &RLODQGHOHFWULFDOUHVLVWDQFHVSRVLWLRQ

)LJ 7HPSHUDWXUHGLVWULEXWLRQLQWKHKHDWDFFXPXODWRU

&RQYHFWLYHKHDWWUDQVIHUFRHIILFLHQWIURPSDUDIILQ ZD[WRFRLOKDVYDOXHVLQWKHUDQJH  >:P.@ DQG KHDWWUDQVIHUFRHIILFLHQWIURPFRLOWRZDWHUKDVYDOXHVLQWKHUDQJH  >:P.@

739

740

Luca Constantin et al. / Procedia Technology 19 (2015) 737 – 741

 7KHVHFRQGYHUVLRQ ,QRUGHUWRLQFUHDVHWKHKHDWIOX[RYHUZDWHULWLVSURSRVHGVROXWLRQDGGHGWZR PRUHFRLOVIRUZDWHUFLUFXODWLRQ 7KHWKUHH FRLOV DFRQQHFWHGWRDFRPPRQSLSHDW WKHLQOHWDQGRXWOHW)LJ  ,QFUHDVLQJWKHQXPEHURIZDWHUFRLOV ZLOOOHDGWRPRUHXQLIRUPKHDWWDNLQJIURPWKHSDUDIILQZD[YROXPH 7KHYROXPHRISDUDIILQZD[LVP7KHKHDWH[FKDQJHVXUIDFHRIWKHFRLOVIRUZDWHUFLUFXODWLRQLV P

)LJ +HDWDFFXPXODWRUZLWKWKUHHZDWHUFRLOV

)LJ  7HPSHUDWXUHGLVWULEXWLRQLQWKHKHDWDFFXPXODWRUZLWKWKUHHZDWHUFRLOV  VHFWLRQWKURXJKPLGGOHFRLO

7HPSHUDWXUH GLVWULEXWLRQ LQ WKH PLGGOH FRLO LV SUHVHQWHG LQ )LJ 7HPSHUDWXUH GLVWULEXWLRQ WKURXJK VHFWLRQV RI ODWHUDOFRLOVLVVLPLODU7KH ZDWHUPDVVIORZWKURXJKPLGGOHFRLOLVJUHDWHUWKDQLQODWHUDOFRLOV &RQYHFWLYH KHDW WUDQVIHU FRHIILFLHQW IURP SDUDIILQ ZD[ WR FRLO KDV YDOXHV LQ WKH UDQJH ± >:P.@  &RQYHFWLYH KHDWWUDQVIHUFRHIILFLHQWIURPFRLOWRZDWHUKDVYDOXHVLQWKHUDQJH± >:P.@ 7KHKLJKHU YDOXHVFRUUHVSRQGLQJWRPLGGOHFRLO

Luca Constantin et al. / Procedia Technology 19 (2015) 737 – 741

 &RQFOXVLRQV 3URSRVHGFRQVWUXFWLYHFKDQJHVFRQWULEXWH WRLQFUHDVHGKHDWDFFXPXODWRUSHUIRUPDQFH 7KHWKLFNQHVVRIVHPLVROLG OD\HU IURP WKH ERWWRP SDUW RI KHDW DFFXPXODWRU GURSSHG )RU ERWK FRQVWUXFWLYH YHUVLRQV SURSRVHG WKHUPDO FRQYHFWLRQFRHIILFLHQWVDUHKLJKHUWKDQWKHLQLWLDOYHUVLRQ 7KHLUJURZWKLVEHWZHHQ 7KHPD[LPXPWHPSHUDWXUHRIKRWZDWHUOHDYLQJWKHDFFXPXODWRULVƒ&FRPSDUHGWRƒ&IRUWKHLQLWLDOPRGHO 7KLVWHPSHUDWXUHLQFUHDVHLVGXHLQFUHDVHGKHDWWUDQVIHUEHWZHHQSDUDIILQZD[DQGZDWHU 0RGHOLQJGHPRQVWUDWHVWKDWVXFKKHDWDFFXPXODWRU WKDWVWRUHVVRODUHQHUJ\ FDQEHXVHGWRGHOLYHUKRWZDWHU 3KRWRYROWDLFSDQHOVDQGKHDWDFFXPXODWRUFDQ EHWRJHWKHUDORZSRZHUFRJHQHUDWLRQV\VWHPIRUUHVLGHQWLDOVHFWRU 5HIHUHQFHV >@ $J\HQLP ) +HZLW 1 (DPHV 3 6PLWK 0 $UHYLHZRIPDWHULDOVKHDWWUDQVIHUDQGSKDVHFKDQJHSUREOHPIRUPXODWLRQIRUODWHQWKHDWWKHUPDO HQHUJ\VWRUDJHV\VWHPV5HQHZDEOHDQG6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZV  ± >@ 6KDUPD $ 7\DJLE 99 &KHQ &5 %XGGKL ' 5HYLHZ RQ WKHUPDO HQHUJ\ VWRUDJH ZLWK SKDVH FKDQJH PDWHULDOV DQG DSSOLFDWLRQV6FLHQFH 'LUHFW5HQHZDEOHDQG6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZV ± >@ 7KLUXJQDQDP & 0DULPXWKX 3 ([SHULPHQWDO $QDO\VLV RI /DWHQW +HDW 7KHUPDO (QHUJ\ 6WRUDJH XVLQJ 3DUDIILQ :D[ DV 3KDVH &KDQJH 0DWHULDO ,QWHUQDWLRQDO-RXUQDORI(QJLQHHULQJDQG,QQRYDWLYH7HFKQRORJ\,-(,7 9ROXPH,VVXH  >@ =DOED % 0DUtQ - &DEH]D /) 0HKOLQJ + 5HYLHZ RQ WKHUPDO HQHUJ\ VWRUDJH ZLWK SKDVH FKDQJH PDWHULDOV KHDW WUDQVIHU DQDO\VLV DQG DSSOLFDWLRQV$SSOLHG7KHUPDO(QJLQHHULQJ   ± >@ /XFD&'UDJRPLU6WDQFLX'&ULVPDUX,1DPDW$5- 6WXG\RIWKH+HDW7UDQVIHULQD+HDW([FKDQJHUZLWK/DWHQW+HDW $SSOLHG0HFKDQLFV DQG0DWHULDOV7UDQV7HFK3XEOLFDWLRQV6ZLW]HUODQG 9RO    >@ %XGGKL '%DQVDO .6DZKQH\ 5/ 6RODUWKHUPDOVWRUDJHV\VWHPVXVLQJSKDVHFKDQJHPDWHULDOV,QW-(QHUJ\5HVHDUFK  >@ -HVXPDWK\ 63 8GD\DNXPDU 0 6XUHVK 6 +HDW WUDQVIHU FKDUDFWHULVWLFV LQ ODWHQW KHDW VWRUDJH V\VWHP XVLQJ SDUDIILQ ZD[ -RXUQDO RI 0HFKDQLFDO6FLHQFHDQG7HFKQRORJ\ a >@ 6KDUPD $&KHQ &5 6RODU:DWHU+HDWLQJ6\VWHPZLWK3KDVH&KDQJH0DWHULDOV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO5HYLHZRI&KHPLFDO(QJLQHHULQJ9RO1   >@ 0D]PDQ 0&DEH]D /)0HKOLQJ + 1RJXHV 0(YOL\D +3DNVR\ +2 8WLOL]DWLRQRISKDVHFKDQJHPDWHULDOVLQVRODUGRPHVWLFKRWZDWHU V\VWHPV 5HQHZDEOH(QHUJ\  ± >@ $PULW 20 *RZWKDP 09LQRG 55DPNXPDU * $QDO\VLVRI3&00DWHULDOLQ7KHUPDO(QHUJ\6WRUDJH6\VWHP,QWHUQDWLRQDO-RXUQDORI HQYLURQPHQWDO6FLHQFHDQG'HYHOSRPHQWYROQ 

741