PAUWELS, O.S.G. & WAHLGREN, R. 2012. Book ... - Olivier Pauwels

2 downloads 0 Views 331KB Size Report
Each biography includes a list of the common and/or scientific .... U.S. government, and it was still the Cold War” ... synonym of C. pani Song, 1984), Dipsadoboa.
REPRINT

Book  Review The  Eponym  Dictionary  of  Reptiles.   Beolens,  Bo,  Michael  Watkins,  and  Michael  Grayson  (2011). The  Johns  Hopkins  University  Press,  Baltimore,  i-­xiii  +  296  pp. Olivier  S.  G.  Pauwels1  and  Richard  Wahlgren2 Département  des  Vertébrés  Récents,  Institut  Royal  des  Sciences  naturelles  de  Belgique, Rue  Vautier  29,  B-­1000  Brussels,  Belgium,  [email protected],  www.pauwelsolivier.com 2 Prennegatan  23B,  SE-­223  53  Lund,  Sweden,  [email protected] 1

©  International  Society  for  the  History  and  Bibliography  of  Herpetology,  ISHBH.  Article  should  be  cited  as: Pauwels,  O.S.G  and  Wahlgren,  R.  (2012),  Book  Review:  The  Eponym   Dictionary  of  Reptiles.  Bibliotheca  Herpetologica  10(1):  28–31.

!""#$%&'(&) *+&$,-"./0$1(23(".45/$"6$%&-3(7&89$ %HROHQV%R0LFKDHO:DWNLQVDQG0LFKDHO*UD\VRQ   7KH-RKQV+RSNLQV8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV%DOWLPRUHL[LLLSS 2OLYLHU6*3DXZHOV1DQG5LFKDUG:DKOJUHQ2 'pSDUWHPHQWGHV9HUWpEUpV5pFHQWV,QVWLWXW5R\DOGHV6FLHQFHVQDWXUHOOHVGH%HOJLTXH 5XH9DXWLHU%%UXVVHOV%HOJLXPRVJSDXZHOV#\DKRRIUZZZSDXZHOVROLYLHUFRP 2 3UHQQHJDWDQ%6(/XQG6ZHGHQULFKDUGZDKOJUHQ#OLYHVH 1

$

Q HSRQ\P LV WKH QDPH RI D SHUVRQ IHDWXUH RU WKLQJ DIWHU ZKLFK D SDUWLFXODULWHPLQWKLVFDVHDUHSWLOH LVQDPHG7KLVLVZKDWWKHERRNLVDERXW7KH ERRNGHDOVZLWKERWKYHUQDFXODUDQGVFLHQWL¿F QDPHV 7R FLWH WKH DXWKRUV ³7KH QDPHV KRQRU  LQGLYLGXDO SHRSOH EXW WKHUH DUH DOVR  WKDW VRXQG OLNH SHRSOH¶V QDPHV EXW LQIDFWDUHQRWSOXVLQGLJHQRXVSHRSOHV ¿FWLRQDOFKDUDFWHUVELEOLFDOUHIHUHQFHVDQG  UHIHUHQFHV WR P\WKRORJ\´ 7KH GLFWLRQDU\ LV XQGHQLDEO\ D WH[WERRN DV WKHUH DUH QR LOOXVWUDWLRQVRWKHUWKDQWKHFRYHULPDJHZKLFK LVDFRPSRVLWHSLFWXUH DFWXDOO\IRXURIWKHP  RI YDULRXV XQQDPHG EXW QXPEHUHG UHSWLOHV DJDLQVW D QDWXUDO EDFNJURXQG ZLWK D GH¿QLWH !"FHQWXU\HQF\FORSHGLDVW\OH7KHVRXUFHLV QRWPHQWLRQHGEXWZHFDQDWWULEXWHDWOHDVWWKH !"#$%"&'()*%(")WRDQHDUO\*HUPDQHGLWLRQRI %UHKP¶V7KLHUOHEHQ7KHERRNLVGLYLGHGLQWR WKUHH PDLQ SDUWV D WKUHHSDJH LQWURGXFWLRQ WKH GLFWLRQDU\ LWVHOI  SDJHV  DQG D VKRUW ELEOLRJUDSK\ WZRSDJHV  (DFKELRJUDSK\LQFOXGHVDOLVWRIWKHFRPPRQ DQGRU VFLHQWL¿F UHSWLOH QDPHV DVVRFLDWHG WR DQG ELRJUDSKLFDO QRWHV RI WKH QRPLQHH 7KH ODWWHUDUHYDULDEOHLQW\SHRIFRQWHQWVEXWWKH OHQJWK RI WKH WUHDWPHQW GRHV QRW QHFHVVDULO\ UHÀHFW WKH KHUSHWRORJLFDO VLJQL¿FDQFH RI WKH SHUVRQSRUWUD\HG7KHDXWKRUVHYHQVWDWHWKDW RIWHQ WKH RSSRVLWH LV WUXH %LRJUDSKLHV DUH DUUDQJHGE\DOSKDEHWLFDORUGHURIWKHHSRQ\PV EXWWKLVFRXOGEHDIDPLO\QDPHDJLYHQQDPH DIXOOQDPHHYHQDQLFNQDPHRURWKHUUHIHUHQFH VXFKDVDSODFHDVKLSDWULEHHWF



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¶V VSHFLDOWLHVRUFDUHHUDQGWKHUHVHHPWREHQR PRUHIRFXVWRKHUSHWRORJ\WKDQRWKHUELRORJLFDO GLVFLSOLQHV 6RPHWLPHV QR SXEOLFDWLRQ LV PHQWLRQHG DOWKRXJK WKH SHUVRQ GLG SXEOLVK 7KH DXWKRUV LQ PRVW FDVHV GR QRW PHQWLRQ ZKHUHWKHELRJUDSKLFDOLQIRUPDWLRQSUHVHQWHG RULJLQDWHG IURP DOWKRXJK LW LV DSSDUHQW WKDW WKHRULJLQDOHW\PRORJLFDOGHVFULSWLRQVDUHQRW WKHPDLQVRXUFHV7KHZHEVXSSRUWHG5HSWLOH 'DWDEDVH LV ODUJHO\ XVHG IRU WKH VFLHQWL¿F QDPHV :H FOHDUO\ FRQVLGHU WKH DXWKRUV KDYH GRQH ERWK KDUG DQG JRRG ZRUN LQ REWDLQLQJ WKH LQIRUPDWLRQ DVVXULQJ LWV ELRJUDSKLFDO ELEOLRJUDSKLFDODQGWD[RQRPLFDODFFXUDF\%XW WKHUHDUHLPSHUIHFWLRQV,QDQXPEHURIFDVHV WKHELRJUDSKLFDOLQIRUPDWLRQLVRXWRIGDWH)RU H[DPSOH%DUU\+XJKHVLVVDLGWREH³D%ULWLVK KHUSHWRORJLVW ZKR ZRUNV DW WKH 'HSDUWPHQW RI =RRORJ\ 8QLYHUVLW\ RI *KDQD´ $FWXDOO\ +XJKHV E OHIWWKDWXQLYHUVLW\LQ

DQG KDV VLQFH WKHQ EHFRPH DQ LQGHSHQGHQW UHVHDUFKHU +XJKHVSHUVFRPP-DQ  7KHELRJUDSK\RI5LFKDUG6KLQHZKRLVVWLOO DQ DFWLYH KHUSHWRORJLVW VWRSV ZLWK HYHQWV LQ  /DUV*DEULHO $QGHUVVRQ   ZDV LQGHHG D GHYRWHG IXOOWLPH YROXQWHHU DW 1DWXUKLVWRULVND 5LNVPXVHHW LQ 6WRFNKROP IRU WZR VKRUW SHULRGV DQG D SUROL¿F DXWKRU EXWKLVSURIHVVLRQZDVQRWWKDWRID3URIHVVRU LQ WKH DFDGHPLF VHQVH LQVWHDG KH ZDV WKH +HDGPDVWHU DW /LGLQJ| KLJK VFKRRO +H ZDV QRW D FROOHFWRU DQG GLG QRW WDNH SDUW LQ DQ\ RYHUVHDV H[SHGLWLRQV DV LV VWDWHG E\ WKH DXWKRUV 2VNDU %|WWJHU RU %RHWWJHU    KDV DQ HSRQ\P OLVW FRQVLVWLQJ RI DQ LPSUHVVLYH HQWULHVRXWRIZKLFKKHLVWKHGHVFULEHURI HLJKWWD[DZKLOH³ERHWWJHUL´LVXVHGLQDQRWKHU  VFLHQWL¿F QDPHV SXEOLVKHG E\ YDULRXV GHVFULEHUV 7KH UHPDLQLQJ HQWU\ +,#-."/,*'$ %#00*'(1'$ *QWKHU  KDV P\VWHULRXVO\ EHHQDOORFDWHGWKHYHUQDFXODUQDPH%RHWWJHU¶V .HHOEDFN DOVR E\ WKH 5HSWLOH 'DWDEDVH  IRU QR DSSDUHQW FDXVH 2&"0*'$ -"3((43)*$ '&0% 5(3&"%3)%1'$ -"3((43)*$ ZHUH ERWK GHVFULEHG E\ %RXOHQJHU LQ  DQG DUH SDUW RI WKH OLVW EXW * $ %RXOHQJHU ZDV QRW KRQRULQJ 2VNDU%|WWJHUDWDOOLQWKHVHFDVHV,QVWHDGKH ZDV UHIHUULQJ WR 0U (QULTXH %|WWJHU    WKH FROOHFWRU RI WKH VSHFLPHQV LQ +XDQFDEDPED3HUX7KH5HSWLOH'DWDEDVHLV DOVRHUURQHRXVKHUH ,Q D QXPEHU RI FDVHV WKH SHUVRQ WR ZKRP D WD[RQ ZDV GHGLFDWHG FRXOG QRW EH LGHQWL¿HG ZLWKFHUWDLQW\PRVWRIWHQEHFDXVHWKHRULJLQDO GHVFULSWLRQSURYLGHGQRHW\PRORJ\RURQO\D YDJXHRQH+RZHYHULQIRUPDWLRQRQDQXPEHU RIWKHPFRXOGKDYHEHHQUHWULHYHGLIWKHDXWKRUV KDG FRQWDFWHG WKH WD[RQ GHVFULEHUV ZKHQ SRVVLEOH7KDWWKLVZDVIHDVLEOHLVVKRZQKHUHDV WKH¿UVWDXWKRURIWKLVUHYLHZFRQWDFWHGDQXPEHU RI GHVFULEHUV LQ RUGHU WR FODULI\ VLWXDWLRQV ZLWK DPELJXRXV HSRQ\PV$ 3pUH]5DPRV DQG 6DOGDxDGH/D5LYDLQGH¿QLWHO\QDPHG 5%30"/")1'$ .)1%63)%"0*&* 3KU\QRVRPDWLGDH  DIWHU 'U 5HQp 5D~O 'UXFNHU&ROtQ E  

D 0H[LFDQ SK\VLRORJLVW DQG QHXURELRORJLVW HWF ZKLFK WKH DXWKRUV RQO\ FRXOG DVVXPH SHUV FRPP -DQ   3DWULFN &RXSHU FRQ¿UPHGWRXV SHUVFRPP)HE WKDW 5#0(1#)*1'$ 6#(3#3 &RXSHU 6DGOLHU 6KHD  :LOPHU  &DUSKRGDFW\OLGDH  ZDV QDPHG IRUKLVZLIH³ZKRKDVDOZD\VHQFRXUDJHGDQG DFWLYHO\VXSSRUWHGP\¿HOGDFWLYLWLHV´$ERXW 5()"/,1)1'%6)*'#07'6DGOLHU2¶0HDOO\ 6KHD  'LSORGDFW\OLGDH 5RVV6DGOLHULQIRUPHG XV SHUVFRPP)HE WKDW.ULVWLQ$O\V 6DGOLHULVKLV\HDUVROGGDXJKWHU+HFRXOG DOVRFRQ¿UPWRXVWKDW8)#%*0*'%*&%1'$',"% 6DGOLHU 6FLQFLGDH LVQDPHGDIWHU6KRQD 6DGOLHU KLV IRUPHU SDUWQHU 7KH HW\PRORJ\ SURYLGHG IRU 9,30'1:#$ ,"3'%,* %HUJKRI  7UDXWPDQQ  *HNNRQLGDH  RQO\ VWDWHV ³8GR+RHVFKGLVFRYHUHGWKLVVSHFLHV´ FRSLHG IURP WKH 5HSWLOH 'DWD %DVH  +DQV3HWHU %HUJKRI SHUV FRPP )HE   DGGHG WKDW +RHVFK LV D *HUPDQ DPDWHXU KHUSHWRORJLVW VSHFLDOL]HG LQ 9,30'1:# ZKR WUDYHOOHG PRUH WKDQWLPHVWR0DGDJDVFDUWRVWXG\WKHP7KH RULJLQDOGHVFULSWLRQRI5/,#3)".#%(701'$0#.#3% 7KRPDV +HGJHV 6SKDHURGDFW\OLGDH  VWDWHGWKDWWKHQDPHZDVFKRVHQ³LQKRQRURID



UHOLDEOHFRPSDQLRQZKRVWHHUHGXVLQWRPDQ\ RWKHUZLVH LQDFFHVVLEOH DUHDV LQ +LVSDQLROD´ %HROHQV HW DO K\SRWKHVL]HG WKDW LW UHIHUV WR D /DGDFDU%ODLU+HGJHVFRQ¿UPHGLWWRXV³,W KDGKLJKFOHDUDQFHOLNHDMHHSZKLFKDOORZHG XVWRUHDFKWKHORFDOLW\ZHZHUHDELWFU\SWLF DERXWWKHHW\PRORJ\EHFDXVHWKHFDUZDVIURP WKH 6RYLHW 8QLRQ P\ IXQGLQJ ZDV IURP WKH 86JRYHUQPHQWDQGLWZDVVWLOOWKH&ROG:DU´ SHUV FRPP )HE   8QGHU WKH KHDGLQJ 6RQVWKHHW\PRORJ\RIWKHRULJLQDOGHVFULSWLRQ ),% /LRODHPXV ¿OLRUXP 5DPLUH] /H\WRQ  3LQFKHLUD'RQRVR  /LRODHPLGDH  VWDWHG WKDW LW ZDV GHGLFDWHG WR ³WKH VRQV´ ZLWKRXW IXUWKHU LQGLFDWLRQ 7KH FRPSLOHUV VXJJHVWHG WKDW WKH\ PLJKW EH WKH VRQV RI 5DPLUH] /H\WRQ 'DQLHO 3LQFKHLUD'RQRVR LQIRUPHG XV SHUV FRPP )HE   WKDW WKH VSHFLHV ZDV LQGHHG GHGLFDWHG WR 5DPLUH]/D\WRQ¶V VRQV 0DUFHOR DQG $OYDUR 7KH DXWKRUV LQGLFDWHGWKDWWKH\KDYHQRLQIRUPDWLRQDERXW %HUWUDQG9DQPHHUKDHJKHZKRZDVGHGLFDWHG ;#1)3:7'$ 03/)"'#$ VLF@  *HRHP\GLGDH  -pU{PH 0DUDQ DQG 5RJHU %RXU LQIRUPHG XV SHUV FRPP 0DU   WKDW 9DQPHHUKDHJKH   ZDV D )UHQFK FKHPLVW +H ZDV D FORVH IULHQG RI 5RJHU %RXU SDVVLRQDWH VLQFH KLV FKLOGKRRG DERXW DPSKLELDQV DQG UHSWLOHV HVSHFLDOO\ ;#1)3:7'$ 03/)"'# 8QGHU WKH KHDGLQJ =XOO\ DERXW=*"0#3:1'$>1007#3&HL 6FRODUR /LRODHPLGDH  WKH DXWKRUV ZURWH ³0UV =XOO\ 2UWHJD GH 6FRODUR LV SUHVXPDEO\ WKH MXQLRU DXWKRU¶VZLIH RUPRWKHU ´$OHMDQGUR6FRODUR LQIRUPHGXV SHUVFRPP)HE WKDWWKH VSHFLHV ZDV LQGHHG GHGLFDWHG WR KLV ZLIH DQG WKDWVKHLVDYHU\HQWKXVLDVWLFORYHURI¿HOGZRUN :HWULHGDOVRWRKHOSVROYHWKHP\VWHU\DURXQG WKH HW\PRORJ\ RI ³-1030*´ LQ =3/*.".#%(701'$ -1030* ,QHLFK  *HNNRQLGDH  EXW VR IDU ,YDQ,QHLFKSUHIHUVWRPDLQWDLQLWVHFUHW SHUV FRPP)HE DVH[SUHVVHGLQWKHRULJLQDO GHVFULSWLRQ 7KHDXWKRUVODUJHO\EDVHGWKHLUOLVWRIFRPPRQ QDPHVRQWKDWSURYLGHGLQ)UDQNDQG5DPXV¶V   JXLGH WR WKH VFLHQWL¿F DQG FRPPRQ QDPHV RI DPSKLELDQV DQG UHSWLOHV 7KDW



ERRN DV DOVR WKH DXWKRUV ULJKWO\ VWUHVVHG FRQWDLQV D ORW RI PLVWDNHV DQG D QXPEHU RI QHZ FRPPRQ QDPHV WKDW )UDQN DQG 5DPXV VHHP WR KDYH IUHHO\ FRLQHG DPRQJ RWKHUV DIWHU IULHQGV IDPLO\ PHPEHUV RU HYHQ DIWHU WKHPVHOYHV% 7KH RULJLQ RI PDQ\ QDPHV LV P\VWHULRXV DQG GLI¿FXOW WR WUDFH RU FRQWDLQ WUDQVFULSWLRQ HUURUV HJ ³%OHFN¶V´ .XNUL 6QDNHIRU?0*4"."&$@##&.3)'*%OHHNHU &ROXEULGDH DWRRÀDJUDQWWUDQVFULSWLRQHUURU E\)UDQNDQG5DPXVQRWZRUWKPHQWLRQLQJLQ WKH(SRQ\P'LFWLRQDU\&LWLQJDQDOWHUQDWLYH FRPPRQ QDPH ³&KDOOHQJLQJ´ 6KDGH 6NLQN ,).%5#/)"'%*&%1'$%,#003&43)*%RXOHQJHU 6FLQFLGDH ZKHQWKHQDPHDFWXDOO\LVGHULYHG IURP WKH VKLS &KDOOHQJHU LV JRRG HQRXJK DV WKHUH LV D IXQQ\ DVSHFW $ERXW ³6RXWKHUQ´ /HSRVRPD IRU =3/"'":#$ '"1(,* 5XWKYHQ  *DLJH *\PQRSKWKDOPLGDH WKHDXWKRUV VWUHVVHG WKDW LW ³DSSDUHQWO\ DULVHV IURP D PLVXQGHUVWDQGLQJRIWKHELQRPLDO'"1(,*´DQG DOWKRXJKWKH\KDYHSURYLGHGDVKRUWELRJUDSK\ IRU -RKQ *ORYHU 6RXWK WKH\ GLG QRW SURSRVH D FRUUHFW (QJOLVK FRPPRQ QDPH WR DSSO\ WR WKH WD[RQ %\ QRW SURSRVLQJ PRUH DGHTXDWH QDPHV ZH IHDU WKDW WKH DXWKRUV FRQWULEXWH WR SURSDJDWHWKHXVHRIPDQ\LQFRUUHFWFRPPRQ QDPHV$FWXDOO\ZH¿QGLWDELWPHDQLQJOHVV WRLQFOXGHFRPPRQQDPHVLQVXFKDGLFWLRQDU\ DQGZRXOGKDYHSUHIHUUHGWRVHHLWOLPLWHGWR VFLHQWL¿FQDPHV :KLOH UHDGLQJ WKH (SRQ\P 'LFWLRQDU\ ZH WKRXJKWDERXWDQXPEHURIWD[RQQDPHVGHULYHG IURP SHUVRQV QDPHV WKDW ZH GLG QRW ¿QG !#%,*#$*UD\A$B,30"&"*.*'$&*4)#$.#)@*&*$ 9DQ 'HQEXUJK   B")#001'$ -0":-3)4*% 5HQGDKO  9HVWHUJUHQ   B1")#$ %,)*'6#)#&&#)1: (UQVW  0F&RUG  D V\QRQ\PRIBC$/#&*6RQJ D*/'#."-"#$ .1%,3'&** %RXOHQJHU  83)),"'#1)1'$ -10'* /DXUHQW  =3/*."(,7)*'$ ,*&630*$ E"3* FXULRXVO\ WKH HW\PRORJ\ RI ³,*&630*´ LV SURYLGHG EXW QRW WKDW RI ³E"3*´ DOWKRXJK ERWKWD[DZHUHGHVFULEHGLQWKHVDPHUHYLVLRQ E\ :DJQHU HW DO   ;30#&"%,307'$ ()*E14#$ /#)63)* 'HUDQL\DJDOD   DQG ;C$ (C$ @*)"(* 5HLPDQQ *& :LURW >1XWDSKDQG@   F#E#$ #&&10#(#$ '("):'*$ 'ROOR

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¿F FROOHFWLRQV LQ GLI¿FXOW WLPHV RU H[WUDRUGLQDULO\ FKDOOHQJLQJ FRQGLWLRQV7KHUH DUHUHPDUNDEO\IHZPLVW\SLQJDQGWKH\VHHP PRVWO\FRQFHQWUDWHGLQWKH)UHQFKQDPHVDQG WLWOHVWKHUHPDLQLQJPLVW\SLQJEHDULQJPRVWO\ RQ DXWKRUV¶ QDPHV DQG VFLHQWL¿F QDPHV :H UHJUHWWKDWWKHKLJKSULFHRIWKHERRN RQWKH ,QWHUQHWZHIRXQGLWYDULRXVO\SULFHGǧ¼ DQG   PLJKW GLVFRXUDJH D ORW RI SRWHQWLDO UHDGHUVDQGOLEUDULHVIURPEX\LQJLW

:;?@,1AB,=*C :HDUHJUDWHIXOWR$DURQ0%DXHU 9LOODQRYD 8QLYHUVLW\ 9LOODQRYD  +DQV3HWHU %HUJKRI 0HHUDQH  3DWULFN &RXSHU 4XHHQVODQG 0XVHXP  %ODLU +HGJHV 3HQQV\OYDQLD 6WDWH 8QLYHUVLW\  %DUU\ +XJKHV /RQGRQ  5RJHU %RXU DQG ,YDQ ,QHLFK 0XVHXP 1DWLRQDO G¶+LVWRLUH1DWXUHOOH3DULV 0LNDHO/XQGEHUJ 6WRFNKROP  -pU{PH 0DUDQ $\JXHVYLYHV  (GPXQGR3pUH]5DPRV 0XVHRGH=RRORJtD 81$0 'DQLHO3LQFKHLUD'RQRVR 8QLYHUVLW\ RI([HWHU([HWHU 5RVV$6DGOLHU $XVWUDOLDQ 0XVHXP 6\GQH\  0LFKHO 6DOODEHUU\ 8QLYHUVLGDG GH &KLOH /DV 3DOPHUDV  DQG $OHMDQGUR 6FRODUR 8QLYHUVLGDG 1DFLRQDO GH OD 3DWDJRQLD 3XHUWR 0DGU\Q  &KXEXW  DV ZHOO DV DOO WKUHH DXWKRUV RI WKH (SRQ\P 'LFWLRQDU\ IRU SURYLGLQJ XVHIXO LQIRUPDWLRQ DQG WR 9LQFHQW %XUNH DQG *DU\ +DOO -RKQV +RSNLQV 8QLYHUVLW\ 3UHVV %DOWLPRUH DQG 7RZFHVWHU IRUSURYLGLQJUHYLHZFRSLHV

%,D,%,=;,C %RXOHQJHU*$'HVFULSWLRQVRIQHZUHSWLOHV IURPWKH$QGHVRI6RXWK$PHULFDSUHVHUYHGLQ WKH %ULWLVK 0XVHXP $QQDOV DQG 0DJD]LQH RI 1DWXUDO+LVWRU\6HULHV± !"#$%& $'& #$(& "#)*+& ,' $ FRPSOHWH JXLGH WRVFLHQWL¿FDQGFRPPRQQDPHVRIUHSWLOHVDQG DPSKLELDQVRIWKH:RUOG1*3XEOLVKLQJ,QF 3RWWVYLOOHSDJHV 3pUH]5DPRV ( DQG 6DOGDxDGH /D 5LYD /  0RUSKRORJLFDO UHYLVLRQ RI OL]DUGV RI WKH H"):"'1' JURXS JHQXV 5%30"/")1' 6TXDPDWD 6DXULD  RI VRXWKHUQ 0p[LFR ZLWK GHVFULSWLRQ RIDQHZVSHFLHV!100C$;#)70#&.$K3)/C$5"%*3(7   ± 8HW]37KHRULJLQDOGHVFULSWLRQVRIUHSWLOHV L""(#G#± :DJQHU 3 %|KPH : 3DXZHOV 2 6 * DQG 6FKPLW] $  $ UHYLHZ RI WKH $IULFDQ UHGÀDQNHG VNLQNV RI WKH =74"'":#$ H3)&#&.*% %XUWRQ   VSHFLHV JURXS 6TXDPDWD 6FLQFLGDH  DQG WKH UROH RI FOLPDWH FKDQJH LQ WKHLUVSHFLDWLRQL""(#G#±