Perancangan Komunikasi Visual Publikasi & Buku Infografik ...

Perancangan Komunikasi Visual Publikasi & Buku Infografik Sampah Kertas dan Pemanfaatannya

TUGAS AKHIR Oleh Julia Martha Dinata 1200952794 Kelas : 08PAU

Universitas Bina Nusantara Jakarta 2012

HALAMAN PRAKATA

Segala puji syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang telah menerangi perjalanan penulis dalam pembuatan Tugas Akhir ini yang berjudul Perancangan Komunikasi Visual Publikasi & Buku Infografik Sampah Kertas dan Pemanfaatannya.

Penulis mengucapkan terimakasih sebesar-besarnya kepada berbagai pihak yang telah membimbing dan membantu dalam seluruh proses pembuatan Tugas Akhir ini. Untuk itu ucapan terimakasih penulis haturkan kepada :

1. Bapak Danendro Adi, S.Sn., M.Arts sebagai dosen pembimbing utama yang tidak lengahnya membimbing, memberi semangat dan perbaikan terhadap karya penulis

2. Bapak Eka Sofyan Rizal, S.Sn. selaku dosen pembimbing pendamping yang telah memberi saran-sarannya terhadap perbaikan karya penulis.

3. Bapak Bambang selaku kepala seksi dari Dinas Kebersihan DKI Jakarta yang telah memberikan informasi dan inspirasi terhadap penulisan karya penulis.

4. Bapak Nursalam dari Kedai Daur Ulang yang juga telah memberikan inspirasi terhadap pembuatan karya penulis.

5. Seluruh keluarga dan teman-teman seperjuangan yang telah bersama-sama berjuang dan saling menyemangati dalam pembuatan karya akhir ini, serta pihak-pihak lain yang tidak bisa disebutkan satu per satu. Penulis sangat mengharapkan saran dan kritik apabila ada kesalahan dalam pembuatan karya akhir ini agar bisa menjadi lebih baik.

DAFTAR ISI

Halaman Judul Luar........................................................................................................... i Halaman Judul Dalam....................................................................................................... ii Halaman Persetujuan Hard Cover .................................................................................. iii Halaman Pernyataan Dewan Penguji .............................................................................. iv Halaman Pemberian Hak Cipta Non Eksklusif dari Mahasiswa ke Universitas Bina Nusantara ........................................................................................................ v Halaman Abstrak ............................................................................................................. vi Halaman Prakata ............................................................................................................ vii Daftar Isi ........................................................................................................................ viii Daftar Gambar ................................................................................................................ xii Daftar Lampiran ............................................................................................................ xiv

BAB 1 Pendahuluan ....................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Latar Belakang ........................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Lingkup Proyek Tugas Akhir ..................................................................................... 2

BAB 2 Data dan Analisa ................................................................................................ 3 2.1 Sumber Data ......................................................................................................... 3 2.1.1 Hasil wawancara dengan pihak Dinas Kebersihan DKI Jakarta .............. 3 2.1.2 Hasil Pengamatan Buku Lokal dan Impor luar negeri yang bertema Lingkungan dengan sajian Visual ............................................................ 5 2.1.3 Hasil wawancara dan pengamatan langsung di lapangan dengan Bapak Nursalam dari Kedai Daur Ulang Pak Salam ........................................... 7 2.1.4 Hasil Survey Produk Kertas Daur Ulang Pada Beberapa Pabrik Kertas & Distributor Kertas Terkemuka Di Indonesia ........................................ 8 2.1.5 Hasil Wawancara terhadap Pengolahan Sisa Potong Kertas ke Pihak Toko Kertas di Jakarta ....................................................................................... 9 2.1.6 Hasil Pengamatan Efisiensi Kemasan terhadap limbah yang dihasilkan produk-produk berkemasan kertas/ karton di pasaran ............................ 10 2.2 Data Umum .........................................................................................................10 2.2.1 Infografik ................................................................................................ 10 2.2.2 Sampah ................................................................................................... 10 2.2.2.1 Arti Sampah ................................................................................ 10 2.2.2.2 Hari Sampah Nasional & Kronologi .......................................... 11 2.2.2.3 Fenomena Pengolahan Sampah .................................................. 11 2.2.2.4 Jenis Sampah .............................................................................. 11 2.2.2.5 TPA / TPST di Indonesia ........................................................... 13 2.2.2.6 Diagram Hierarki Pengolahan Sampah ...................................... 13 2.2.2.7 Prediksi Sampah ......................................................................... 14 2.2.2.8 Manfaat Pengelolaan Sampah ..................................................... 14 2.2.3 Kertas ...................................................................................................... 14

2.3 2.4

2.5 2.6

2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11

2.2.3.1 Arti Kertas .................................................................................. 14 2.2.3.2 Serat Kayu pada Kertas .............................................................. 14 2.2.3.3 Kertas dalam Sejarah .................................................................. 15 2.2.3.4 Tisu sebagai hasil produk kertas jaman modern ......................... 15 2.2.4 Sampah Kertas ........................................................................................ 16 2.2.4.1 Pre-Consumer Waste & Post-Consumer Waste ......................... 16 2.2.4.2 Beberapa Fakta Sampah Kertas di dunia .................................... 16 2.2.5 Industri / Pabrik Kertas ........................................................................... 17 2.2.5.1 Proses Pembuatan Kertas ........................................................... 18 2.2.5.2 Beberapa Fakta mengenai Produksi Kertas ................................ 20 Masalah yang Dihadapi ...................................................................................... 21 Dampak yang Didapatkan .................................................................................. 23 2.4.1 Masalah Sampah Jakarta ........................................................................ 23 2.4.2 Menggundulnya Hutan Hujan Tropis Indonesia .................................... 23 Faktor-Faktor Penyebab ..................................................................................... 25 Hal-hal yang Sudah Dilakukan Sekarang ........................................................... 25 2.6.1 Penanggulangan Sampah dari Pemerintah (Pemrov DKI) ..................... 25 2.6.2 Penanggulangan Sampah Kertas dari Komunitas dan Masyarakat ........ 27 2.6.3 Kasus-kasus lain Pemanfaatan Sampah ................................................. 29 2.6.4 Hal-hal yang bisa kita lakukan untuk menangani Sampah Kertas ......... 30 Data Khalayak Sasaran Saat Ini (Target Audience) ........................................... 31 Kompetitor .......................................................................................................... 32 Keunggulan ......................................................................................................... 33 Analisa Kasus SWOT ......................................................................................... 33 Kerangka Buku ................................................................................................... 34

BAB 3 Masalah dan Tujuan Desain ........................................................................... 35 3.1 Identifikasi Masalah ................................................................................................. 35 3.2 Rumusan Masalah .................................................................................................... 35 3.3 Tujuan Desain .......................................................................................................... 35

BAB 4 Konsep Desain .................................................................................................. 36 4.1 Landasan Teori / Metode .................................................................................... 36 4.1.1 Teori Komunikasi Stappers .................................................................... 36 4.1.2 Teori Komunikasi Shannon & Weaver .................................................. 36 4.1.3 Teori Ilustrasi .......................................................................................... 37 4.1.4 Teori Information Graphics (Infographic) ............................................. 37 4.1.5 Teori Tipografi ....................................................................................... 38 4.1.6 Lay Out ................................................................................................... 38 4.1.7 Grid system ............................................................................................. 39 4.1.8 Teori Warna ............................................................................................ 39 4.1.9 Teori Semantik-Semiotika ...................................................................... 40 4.2 Strategi Komunikasi ........................................................................................... 41 4.3 Strategi Kreatif ................................................................................................... 41

4.4

4.5

4.3.1 Fakta Kunci ................................................................................................ 41 4.3.2 Masalah Utama yang dikomunikasikan ..................................................... 41 4.3.3 Tujuan (Objective) yang akan dicapai ....................................................... 41 4.3.4 Manfaat bagi khalayak sasaran .................................................................. 42 4.3.5 Profil Khalayak Sasaran/Target Audience Profile ..................................... 42 4.3.6 Positioning Statement ................................................................................ 42 4.3.7 Key Message .............................................................................................. 43 4.3.8 Big Idea ...................................................................................................... 43 4.3.9 Keywords ................................................................................................... 43 4.3.10 Pendekatan Kreatif .................................................................................. 43 4.3.11 Respon yang diharapkan .......................................................................... 43 Strategi Desain / Visualisasi ............................................................................... 43 4.4.1 Tone & Manner ......................................................................................... 43 4.4.2 Warna, grid & layout, tipografi, image .................................................... 43 Copywriting ........................................................................................................ 44 4.5.1 Judul buku .............................................................................................. 44 4.5.2 Headline ................................................................................................. 44 4.5.3 Bodycopy ................................................................................................ 44 4.5.4 Pemilihan item pendukung ..................................................................... 44

BAB 5 Hasil dan Pembahasan Desain ........................................................................ 45 5.1 Konsep Visual .................................................................................................... 45 5.1.1 Jenis Cover buku .................................................................................... 45 5.1.2 Ukuran buku ........................................................................................... 45 5.1.3 Material buku .......................................................................................... 45 5.1.4 Binding ................................................................................................... 46 5.2 Desain ................................................................................................................. 46 5.2.1 Logotype ................................................................................................. 46 5.2.2 Desain Cover .......................................................................................... 47 5.2.2.1 Cover Depan ............................................................................... 47 5.2.2.2 Cover Belakang & Punggung Buku ........................................... 47 5.2.2.3 Jaket Buku .................................................................................. 48 5.2.2.4 Sheetblad Buku ........................................................................... 49 5.2.2.5 Halaman Pembuka ...................................................................... 50 5.2.2.6 Halaman Pengantar ..................................................................... 50 5.2.2.7 Daftar Isi ..................................................................................... 51 5.2.3 Elemen Buku .......................................................................................... 51 5.2.3.1 Sistem Grid ................................................................................. 51 5.2.3.2 Divider Bab ................................................................................ 52 5.2.3.3 Divider Judul .............................................................................. 52 5.2.3.4 Spread ......................................................................................... 53 5.2.3.5 Visual .......................................................................................... 54 5.2.3.6 Elemen grafis .............................................................................. 54 5.2.3.7 Headline ..................................................................................... 55

5.2.3.8 Deck ............................................................................................ 55 5.2.3.9 Bodycopy .................................................................................... 55 5.2.3.10 Font ........................................................................................... 56 5.2.3.11 Mood Warna ............................................................................. 56 5.2.4 Item Pendukung ...................................................................................... 57 5.2.4.1 Poster Publikasi .......................................................................... 57 5.2.4.2 Poster Iklan ................................................................................. 57 5.2.4.3 Pembatas Buku ........................................................................... 58 5.2.4.4 Flyer ........................................................................................... 58 5.2.4.5 Tas Kanvas ................................................................................. 59 5.2.4.6 Stiker Label Sampah ................................................................... 60 5.2.4.7 Poster Display Rak ..................................................................... 61

BAB 6 Penutup ............................................................................................................. 62 6.1 Simpulan ................................................................................................................... 62 6.2 Saran ......................................................................................................................... 62

Daftar Istilah ................................................................................................................... 63 Daftar Pustaka ................................................................................................................ 66 Riwayat Hidup ................................................................................................................ 68 Lampiran-lampiran ......................................................................................................... 69