Physiological and Molecular Adaptations to Drought in Andean Potato

Physiological and Molecular Adaptations to Drought in Andean Potato Genotypes

Cecilia Vasquez-Robinet, Shrinivasrao P. Mane, Alexander V. Ulanov, Jonathan I. Watkinson, Verlyn K. Stromberg, David De Koeyer, Roland Schafleitner, David B. Willmot, Merideth Bonierbale, Hans J. Bohnert and Ruth Grene1

Supplementary Table 1: Information about the potato genotypes.

USDA number Q44027

Cip number

Cultivar name

Spp

379706.27

Costanera

Adg x Tbr

Biological Status Bred variety

Q44030

701997

Sullu

Adg

landrace

Q44031

704058

Leona

Adg

landrace

Q44032

704143

Negra Ojosa

Adg

landrace

NA

NA

Atlantic

Tbr

Bred variety

Country of Origin PER

Predominant skin color White-cream

Predominant flesh color White

Altitude (m)

Longitude Coord.

Latitude Coord.

PER

Yellow

Light yellow

3700

-75.38

-11.82

ECU

Dark purple-black

Purple

ARG

Purplish red

Light yellow

3440

-65.47

-22.12

CHILE*

White-cream

White

Adg : andigena, Tbr : tuberosum. The andigena lines were obtained from CIP and were originally from Peru (PER), Ecuador (ECU) and Argentina (ARG), as indicated. * Variety developed in US

Supplementary Table 2. Primers used for real-time PCR.

TIGR contig ID TC118462 TC126849 TC112724 TC111865 NA* NA* TC128824 TC117007 TC144457

Gene Name HSP40 Ppiase HSF HSC70-3 HSP110 HSP90(GRP94) Glutathione Synthetase Glutathione S transferase Thioredoxin H

Subcellular location Chl Chl Nu Cyt ER ER Chl Cyt Cyt

Forward Primer 5'-GCACACAGCATAGCATGTTTCATC-3' 5'-ATCCAATTCATCTTCCCGCC-3' 5'-AACCAGTCCAAGAAAGTATGTCGG-3' 5'-TGTGCAAGCAGCCATTCTTAGTG-3' 5'-CAAGGTCTATTCTCATCTCCG-3' 5'-ATCAAGGTCGAAAGATACAGG-3' 5'-AGCTCCATATCTGAAGGAAGTGACC-3' 5'-GGGAAAGAAACTAACAGGAACC-3' 5'-TCCAATTATCAATGACTTTGCTTCC-3'

Reverse Primer 5'-TCATCGCCCTTCTTCGTTACC-3' 5'-TACCGCCACCAATCGAGCTG-3' 5'-ACAGCAGGTGACAATTCAAGCC-3' 5'-TCCAGCAGTTTCGAGTCCTAGC-3' 5'-GGAGAAATGTCGTAACTCAGG-3' 5'-TAAACCATTAGGAACAGCACC-3' 5'-GGGGTAACAAAGAGTCCAAACGC-3' 5'-GGAGTTGGAGTACCATGTTG-3' 5'-GCATAGCTTGAACCTCGTATTCCA-3'

HSP40: Heat shock protein 40, Ppiase: Peptidyl prolyl trans-isomerase, HSF: Heat shock factor, HSC70-3: Heat shock cognate 70-3, HSP110: Heat shock protein 110, HSP90 (GRP94): Heat shock protein 90 or Glucose responsive 94, Chl: Chloroplast, Nu: Nucleus, Cyt: Cytosol, ER: Endoplasmic Reticulum. The subcellular location was determined in silico. * Sequences obtained from cloned Andigena cDNA

Supplementary Table 3: ANOVA results for evaluated traits.

Factor/Trait G T TP (GxT) (GxTP) (TxTP) (GxTxTP)

d.f

Root Weight

Tuber Number

4 1 2 4 7 2 7

1.34E-15 0.291297 0.005888 0.179943 0.137489 0.039624 0.135609

0.02505 0.16415 0.32079 0.18202 0.12825 0.73632 0.3181

P-value Average Tuber Tuber Yield* Weight 1.15E-07 1.27E-10 0.046626 0.07333 0.008261 0.89293 0.438218 0.81502 0.629259 0.28865 0.66799 0.15841 0.448732 0.61514

Net Photosynthesis 0.005004