II: placental villi with intervillous spaces of study group (severe anaemia) villi are full of stromal fibrosis (arrow) Low magnification. Van Gieson x 100:
Original Research Paper Placenta: The Wonder Organ *Shashi Munjal Mongia, **Sanjeev Kumar Jain, ***Mukesh Yadav Abstract Placenta is the only organ to develop in adulthood and is the only one with a defined end date. The structure of placenta has a strong relation with pregnancy length, physical milieu of mother and a resemblance to the concept of ‘Imhotep(regarded as the first medico legal expert) showing relation between Forensic medicine histology, morphology and pathology. Anemia in pregnancy is found to be associated with variable histomorphological changes in placenta, which show a clear reflection for the poor fetal outcome. There is a threshold for the level of haemoglobin and consequently for oxygen transport below which placental function is impaired. This explains the increased frequency of premature births, foetal death and perinatal mortality and morbidity in anemia during pregnancy. The histomorphological findings of placenta in anemic mothers which are an adaptation to maternal hypoxia can correlate with the poor fetal outcome giving a documentary evidence and explanation against false implications of neonatal deaths. This makes placenta as the much required tool of present medico legal scenario.
Key Words: Placenta, Pregnancy Anaemia, Histomorphology, Perinatal Mortality, Neonatal Mortality Exchange of metabolic and gaseous products between maternal and foetal tissue needs placenta, which is a complex dynamic interphase between maternal and embryonic tissue, as it is an organ of transport and endocrine function. [3]
Introduction: In an era of immortality, due to the advance nanotechnology the wonder organ i.e. the placenta in the preserved state can relate the foetal outcome with its histomorphology and enable us to rule out the neonatal deaths from the poor foetal outcome in anaemic mothers. The severity of anaemia among expectant mothers is judged by the criteria suggested by WHO. [1] According to this a level of haemoglobin below 11gm per dl during pregnancy is an indication of anaemia which has a 55.9% prevalence at global level. The commonest cause of anaemia in pregnancy is iron deficiency which may be due to nutritional insufficiency, increased demand or decreased absorption. Walter.M.Wolfe [2] stated that anaemia is the most frequently encountered complication of pregnancy which is responsible for high incidence of low birth weight babies.
Materials and Methods: For the present study 120 placentae were taken from the mothers who delivered either vaginally or by caesarian section, from the Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology of SMIH, Patel Nagar, Dehradun. Out of these, 60 placentae were of control group i.e group I with Hb >11gm% and 60 placentae of study group with Hb
