PowerPoint

Post Crash Emergency Response Current & Future Innovations

John Wall, Centre for Road Safety, Transport for NSW

Post Crash Intervention

Post Crash Injury Outcome Intervention Opportunities Access to the Emergency Medical & Rescue System

Emergency Rescue System

Role of lay bystanders

Data / Information Systems

Post Crash Injury Outcomes

Pre-hospital Medical care

Rehabilitation

Trauma care

Adapted from SafetyNet (2009) – Post Crash Care Report

Facts & Figures • 1,400 road deaths per year*

• 32,500 road related hospitalisations* • Road Deaths in remote areas six times the rate of metropolitan Australia* • 22,140 road crash rescue events 2009-2010** • 58.6 rescue extractions per 100,000 registered vehicles • Swedish study*** – 48% of patient who died sustained non-survivable injuries –

5% patients not located in time

– 12% would have survived if transported to hospital quicker – 32% would have survived if transported to an advanced trauma centre *National Road Safety Strategy, Australian Transport Commission 2011 **Report on Government Services 2012, Productivity Commission, Australia *** Henriksson, E. M., Öström, M. Eriksson, A. (2001) Preventability of vehicle-related fatalities. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 33, 467-475

Intervention Opportunities - Bystanders • St John Ambulance train 400,000 Australians annually in First Aid* • 41% surveyed – First Aid Qualifications 11 years old** • 94 % of Australians are unsure of their ability to help in an emergency** • Up to 85 % of preventable road accident deaths could be avoided by administering basic first aid at the scene of the accident before emergency services arrive*** * St John Ambulance web site ** Pfizer Health Report 2007 Australians and First Aid *** British Red Cross, 2006, ‘First Aid Fact Sheet’

Bystanders – Current Innovation • First Aid Training routinely conducted in schools &

workplaces • Increase in the number of work vehicles carrying first aid equipment • Automatic Electronic Defibrillators becoming more common in work vehicles

Bystanders – Future Innovations • Smartphones capable of sending location details automatically when calling Triple Zero

• Smartphone Apps that instruct bystanders on what to do until help arrives

Access To Emergency Medical & Rescue Current Innovations • Single emergency number Triple Zero (000) • Establishment of secondary emergency numbers • 112 – International mobile emergency number • 106 – Text emergency relay service – hearing impaired

• Calls answered by Telstra Operator and transferred to Police, Fire or Ambulance • Caller talked through “what to do” by operator • Address details that are stored in the Integrated Public Number Database if calling from a fixed line

• Integrated CAD for all emergency services

* Established 1961

Access To Emergency Medical & Rescue Future Innovations Automatic Crash Notification or eCall • US field operational test found that ACN systems reduced incident notification time from an average of 3 minutes to less than 1 minute

• EU determined eCall has a BCR of 3.16 (just behind ESC of 3.97)* • A Finnish study has estimated that such a system might reduce between 4-8% of road deaths and 5-10% of motor vehicle occupant deaths.**

• European Commission 2011 ** Virtanen, N., Schirrokoff, A. Luoma, J.and Kumala, R. (2006) eCall Safety Effects in Finland, eSafety Forum

Access To Emergency Medical & Rescue Future Innovations Problem with 1st Generation ACN– Too many crashes (US figures) • 6,000,000 crashes that can trigger ACN • 3,000,000 crashes with any injury •

250,000 crashes AIS 2+ injuries (4.0%)

•

80,000 crashes AIS 3+ injuries (1.3%)

•

35,000 fatalities (0.6%)

Augenstein J (2011) , Application of Instant Crash Injury Risk Data to Assist Medical Treatment and Save Lives

Access To Emergency Medical & Rescue Future Innovations Enhanced Automatic Crash Notification • Geographic location of crashes with possible injuries • Provide voice communication with vehicle occupants • Data from vehicle sensors

Results in: • More rapid response to injured occupants • Improved diagnosis and triage of injured

Image BMW

Access To Emergency Medical & Rescue Future Innovations Enhanced Automatic Crash Notification
























Emergency Rescue System Current Innovations • Establishment of State Rescue Board (NSW) • Establishment of the Australian Road Rescue Organisation

• Australian Rescue Challenge held annually • Machine driven hydraulic rescue equipment

• Improved cutting equipment • Rescue manuals by manufacturers

• Development of national competency standards for operators

Emergency Rescue System Future Innovations • Further development of new rescue techniques based on sound research

• New and improved hydraulic rescue equipment • Further development of national competency standards

• Inclusion of volunteer agencies in CAD systems • Better location and information from ACN & eCall systems • Availability of manufacturers’ rescue manuals on scene.

The Safe System Approach

Haddon Matrix

The NSW Safe System Approach

Existing Emergency Services

The NSW Safe System Approach

Contact Details

www.centreforroadsafety.nsw.gov.au

[email protected]