[ttv2]Incorrect abbreviation [ttv3]Do you mean mS/cm?
of Liters.
H11D-0836 : Precipitation and Surface-Runoff Sampling in the Arid Regions – New Lysimeter Techniques Omar M. Al-Qudah (
[email protected]), John C. Walton (
[email protected]) , and Arturo Woocay (
[email protected]) Department of Civil Engineering, the University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave. El Paso, Texas 79968
In order to measure the chemical characteristics of runoff water which has entered the sediments beneath ephemeral streams, Surface Runoff Samplers (SRS's) were designed. SRS represent a modification to the lysimeter. SRS's were designed to provide a stronger collection surface, more efficient connections for sample collection and to measure particularly the first flush of runoff. In addition, Infiltration characteristics, which are predominantly influenced by soil properties, were considered in the SRS design. Advantages of SRS design are: easy to assemble, requires minimum maintenance once installed, and total cost is relatively low. The limitations include: manual pumping is required and SRS must be checked on a regular schedule and pumped when full (depending on rain frequency and intensity). The design and emplacement of 60 SRS’s at 30 separate locations in the main arroyos around the Amargosa Desert region is explained and provides a look at initial data collection. It is our belief that long term data collection of this type will help us to better understand processes controlling groundwater recharge and thus the sustainable yield of groundwater in Nye County.
• Very
Expensive. • Never tested in arid climate region. • Hydraulic discontinuity, and artificial sidewall flow [3, 4].
bBB
c
d
• Low cost • Obtains first flush of water • Robust sampling system • Redundancy • Easy to assemble & Easy to collect sample • Requires minimum maintenance one installed • Infiltration characteristics were considered in the design • Will not capture time variance of runoff chemistry • Captures both precipitation and runoff • Limited amount of water limits analyses • Manual pumping is required • Pumping when full is required
The Figure below shows a DEM map for the study area shows Locations of Amargosa Desert Region, Amargosa River, Yucca Mountain, and Fortymile Wash, Nye County, Nevada. Phase one site locations shown in blue circles, phase two site locations shown in red triangles, phase three site locations shown in orange stars, and groundwater wells shown in yellow squares.
A lysimeter is a device used for measuring water percolation through soil, something like a "flower pot" that is buried and filled with soil, measuring water and solute balance, measuring movement of water and chemicals in the unsaturated and saturated zone of the soil, and aiding clarification of differences and similarities between experimental results obtained in the laboratory and the field and for combining data systematically [1, 2, 3, 4].
Polyethylene (PE-HD) lysimeter station with four lysimeters in a clover leaf arrangement with an entering hatch (center position) during the installation process [5].
a
The SRS’s approved its ability to resist the arid weather conditions and catch a certain amount of surface runoff. [1]. Meissner, R., Rupp, H., and Schubert, M., 2000, Novel lysimeter techniques a basis for improved investigation of water, gas and solute transport in soils: Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 163:603607. [2]. Meissner, R., Seeger J., and Rupp, H., 2002, Effects of agricultural land use changes on diffuse pollution of water resources: Irrigation and Drainage 51:119-127. [3]. Migliaccio, K.W., Y.C. Li., H. Trafford, and E.A. Evans, 2009 (updated), 2006, A simple lysimeter for soil water sampling in south Florida: ABE361, Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, IFAS. [4]. Takamatsu, T., Koshikawa, M. K., Watanab,e M., Hou, H., and Murata, T., 2007, Design of a meso-scale indoor lysimeter for undisturbed soil to investigate the behavior of solutes in soil: European Journal of soil Science 58:329-334. [5]. Meissner, R., and Seyfarth M., 2004, Measuring water and solute balance with new lysimeter techniques: Super-Soil 3rd Australian New Zealand Soils Conference, University of Sydney, Australia.
Location SRS-6A SRS-6B SRS-7A SRS-7B SRS-8A1 SRS-8A2 SRS-8B SRS-9 SRS-10 SRS-11 SRS-14A SRS-14B SRS-14C SRS-15 SRS-17 SRS-18 SRS-19 SRS-20 SRS-21
Rainfall Observation Rainfall Date (Inch) 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.30 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.17 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.05 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.15 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.05 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.07 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.20 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.45 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.90 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 2.05 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.80 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.90 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.95 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.25 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.60 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.65 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 2.10 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 1.25 2/10/09 - 2/18/09 0.90
SRS, Rainfall Accumulated Water Amount (Lit ) 1.450 ± 0.05 2.000 ± 0.05 1.550 ± 0.05 1.825 ± 0.05 0.700 ± 0.05 0.975 ± 0.05 1.300 ± 0.05 0.800 ± 0.05 1.015 ± 0.05 2.240 ± 0.05 1.990 ± 0.05 1.825 ± 0.05 1.500 ± 0.05 2.100 ± 0.05 0.700 ± 0.05 1.350 ± 0.05 2.100 ± 0.05 1.250 ± 0.05 0.800 ± 0.05
