Adam N.H. Smith, Clinton A.J. Duffy and John R. Leathwick ... Smith, A.N.H.; Duffy, C.A.J.; Leathwick, J.R. 2013: Predicting the distribution and relative ... °S. 176°W. 176°W. 44. °S. 44. °S. 0. 0.8. 1.9. Abundance. Aldrichetta forsteri ... The predicted abundance of Amphichaetodon howensis (Lord Howe coralfish) on rocky ...
SCIENCE FOR CONSERVATION 323
Predicting the distribution and relative abundance of fishes on shallow subtidal reefs around New Zealand Supplement 1 Adam N.H. Smith, Clinton A.J. Duffy and John R. Leathwick
Supplement 1 of: Smith, A.N.H.; Duffy, C.A.J.; Leathwick, J.R. 2013: Predicting the distribution and relative abundance of fishes on shallow subtidal reefs around New Zealand. Science for Conservation 323. Department of Conservation, Wellington. 25 p. + 2 supplements.
Supplement 1—maps of predicted abundance of reef fishes This supplement contains 72 maps of predicted distributions and relative abundance of fishes on shallow subtidal reefs around New Zealand. The predictions were produced by applying boosted regression tree regression to dive surveys of fishes, using environmental, geographic and divespecific variables as predictors. The scales of relative abundance used on the maps (labelled ‘abundance’ in the figures) are on the same scale as the original data (i.e. 0 = absent, 1 = single (1 individual seen), 2 = few (2–10), 3 = many (11–100) and 4 = abundant (> 100)). This scale broadly corresponds to a y’ = ln(y + 1) transformation of the number of that species seen per dive. The predictions were the result of a modelling process using a Gaussian error distribution and, therefore, were on a continuous scale and not whole numbers like the original data (although they were scaled to remove bias and rounded to one decimal place for simplification, see section 2.2.5). They can, however, be interpreted on the same rough scale as the original data. The best way to view the predictions in detail is to use GIS software. The data in spatial grid format are available on request from the authors for this purpose. The top left and lower right insets on the figures show the Kermadec and Chatham Islands, respectively.
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30°S
Aldrichetta forsteri Yellow-eyed mullet
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.8
40°S
40°S
1.9
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.1. The predicted abundance of Aldrichetta forsteri (yellow-eyed mullet) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
2
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Amphichaetodon howensis Lord Howe coralfish
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.2 1.1
40°S
40°S
1.4
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.2. The predicted abundance of Amphichaetodon howensis (Lord Howe coralfish) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Anampses elegans Elegant wrasse
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.3
40°S
40°S
2.0
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.3. The predicted abundance of Anampses elegans (elegant wrasse) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
4
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Aplodactylus arctidens Marblefish
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.6 0.8 1.5 2.0
40°S
40°S
1.8
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.4. The predicted abundance of Aplodactylus arctidens (marblefish) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Aplodactylus etheridgii Notch-head marblefish
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.5
40°S
40°S
2
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.5. The predicted abundance of Aplodactylus etheridgii (notch-head marblefish) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
6
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Atypichthys latus Mado
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.7
40°S
40°S
2.4
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.6. The predicted abundance of Atypichthys latus (mado) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Bodianus unimaculatus Red pigfish
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.4 1.6
40°S
40°S
2.0
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.7. The predicted abundance of Bodianus unimaculatus (red pigfish) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
8
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Caesioperca lepidoptera Butterfly perch
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.8 2.0 2.8
40°S
40°S
3.7
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.8. The predicted abundance of Caesioperca lepidoptera (butterfly perch) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Canthigaster callisterna Clown toado
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.7
40°S
40°S
1.4
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.9. The predicted abundance of Canthigaster callisterna (clown toado) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
10
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Caprodon longimanus Pink maomao
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.8 2.3
40°S
40°S
3.5
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.10. The predicted abundance of Caprodon longimanus (pink maomao) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Centroberyx affinis Golden snapper
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.6
40°S
40°S
2.2
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.11. The predicted abundance of Centroberyx affinis (golden snapper) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
12
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Cheilodactylus spectabilis Red moki
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.2 1.2 1.4 2.6
40°S
40°S
1.9
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.12. The predicted abundance of Cheilodactylus spectabilis (red moki) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Chironemus marmoratus Hiwihiwi
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.5 0.6 1.1
40°S
40°S
1.2 1.3 1.9 2.2
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.13. The predicted abundance of Chironemus marmoratus (hiwihiwi) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
14
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Chromis dispilus Demoiselle
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 2.4
40°S
40°S
3.4
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.14. The predicted abundance of Chromis dispilus (demoiselle) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Conger verreauxi Common conger eel
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.2 0.3 0.6 1.1
40°S
40°S
1.0
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.15. The predicted abundance of Conger verreauxi (common conger eel) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
16
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Coris sandageri Sandager's wrasse
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 1.6
40°S
40°S
2.3
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.16. The predicted abundance of Coris sandageri (Sandager’s wrasse) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Decapterus koheru Koheru
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.5 1.4 1.9
40°S
40°S
3.0
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.17. The predicted abundance of Decapterus koheru (koheru) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
18
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Epinephelus daemelii Spotted black grouper
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0
40°S
40°S
1.8
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.18. The predicted abundance of Epinephelus daemelii (spotted black grouper) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Forsterygion lapillum Common triplefin
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.8 2.2
40°S
40°S
2.6
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.19. The predicted abundance of Forsterygion lapillum (common triplefin) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
20
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Forsterygion malcolmi Banded triplefin
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.6 1.4 1.9
40°S
40°S
2.7
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.20. The predicted abundance of Forsterygion malcolmi (banded triplefin) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Forsterygion varium Variable triplefin
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 1.5 2.1
40°S
40°S
2.7
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.21. The predicted abundance of Forsterygion varium (variable triplefin) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
22
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Forsterygion flavonigrum Yellow-black triplefin
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.6 1.3 1.8 2.9
40°S
40°S
2.2
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.22. The predicted abundance of Forsterygion flavonigrum (yellow-black triplefin) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Girella cyanea Bluefish
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.3 0.4 1.0
40°S
40°S
2.2
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.23. The predicted abundance of Girella cyanea (bluefish) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
24
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Girella tricuspidata Parore
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.4 1.2
40°S
40°S
2.2
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.24. The predicted abundance of Girella tricuspidata (parore) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Grahamina gymnota Robust triplefin
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.1 0.6
40°S
40°S
2.4
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.25 The predicted abundance of Grahamina gymnota (robust triplefin) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
26
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Gymnothorax prasinus Yellow moray
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.4 0.6
40°S
40°S
1.2
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.26. The predicted abundance of Gymnothorax prasinus (yellow moray) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Helicolenus percoides Sea perch
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.6 1.1 1.9
40°S
40°S
2.5
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.27. The predicted abundance of Helicolenus percoides (sea perch) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
28
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Hypoplectrodes huntii Red-banded perch
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.4 0.9
40°S
40°S
1.9
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.28. The predicted abundance of Hypoplectrodes huntii (red-banded perch) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Hypoplectrodes sp. Half-banded perch
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.6 1.3
40°S
40°S
2.0
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.29. The predicted abundance of Hypoplectrodes sp. (half-banded perch) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
30
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Karalepis stewarti Scaly-headed triplefin
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.4 1.1
40°S
40°S
1.6
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.30. The predicted abundance of Hypoplectrodes huntii (scaly-headed triplefin) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Kyphosis sydneyanus Silver drummer
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.3 0.6
40°S
40°S
1.5
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.31. The predicted abundance of Kyphosis sydneyanus (siver drummer) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
32
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Latridopsis ciliaris Blue moki
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.9 1.3 1.8
40°S
40°S
2.3
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.32. The predicted abundance of Latridopsis ciliaris (blue moki) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Latris lineata Trumpeter
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.2 1.4
40°S
40°S
2.4
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.33. The predicted abundance of Latris lineata (trumpeter) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
34
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Lotella rhacinus rhacina Lotella Rock cod
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.5 0.6 1.3 2.3
40°S
40°S
1.5
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.34. The predicted abundance of Lotella rhacina (rock cod) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Mendosoma lineatum Telescopefish
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 1.1 2.1
40°S
40°S
3.1
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.35. The predicted abundance of Mendosoma lineatum (telescope fish) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
36
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Nemadactylus douglasii Porae
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.4 1.2
40°S
40°S
2.2
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.36. The predicted abundance of Nemadactylus douglasii (porae) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Nemadactylus macropterus Tarakihi
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.4 0.9 1.3
40°S
40°S
1.4 1.9 2.4
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.37. The predicted abundance of Nemadactylus macropterus (tarakihi) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
38
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Notoclinops caerulepunctus Blue dot triplefin
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.3 0.6 1.1
40°S
40°S
2.0
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.38. The predicted abundance of Notoclinops caerulepunctus (blue dot triplefin) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Notolabrus celidotus Spotty
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 1.2 1.9
40°S
40°S
2.9
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.39. The predicted abundance of Notolabrus celidotus (spotty) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
40
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Notolabrus cinctus Girdled wrasse
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.3 1.0 1.7
40°S
40°S
2.5
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.40. The predicted abundance of Notolabrus cinctus (girdled wrasse) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Notolabrus fucicola Banded wrasse
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.8 1.6 2.0
40°S
40°S
2.8
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.41. The predicted abundance of Notolabrus fucicola (banded wrasse) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
42
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Notolabrus inscriptus Green wrasse
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.5 0.6
40°S
40°S
1.6
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.42. The predicted abundance of Notolabrus inscriptus (green wrasse) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
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30°S
Notoclinops segmentatus Blue-eyed triplefin
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.5 0.9 1.7
40°S
40°S
2.2
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.43. The predicted abundance of Notoclinops segmentatus (blue-eyed triplefin) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.
44
44°S
44°S
176°W
Smith et al.—Distribution and abundance of fishes—supplement 1
30°S
Notoclinops yaldwyni Yaldwyn's triplefin
35°S 30°S
178°W
175°E
35°S
170°E
178°W
Abundance 0 0.4 1.4
40°S
40°S
2.1
44°S
44°S
176°W
45°S
45°S
176°W
170°E
175°E
Figure S1.44. The predicted abundance of Notoclinops yaldwyni (Yaldwyn’s triplefin) on rocky reefs around New Zealand.