Preparation and Magnetic Properties of Size

3UHSDUDWLRQDQG0DJQHWLF3URSHUWLHVRI 6L]HPRQRGLVSHUVHG)H&R$OOR\1DQRFOXVWHUV 



'/3HQJ+6KH@ZKLFKLVFDXVHGE\ WKLFNQHVVWH QP SDUWLDOVXUIDFHR[LGDWLRQRIWKH)H&RFOXVWHUVGXHWRH[SRVLQJ EHFRPHVODUJHUZLWKGHFUHDVLQJG)RUWKHVDPSOHZLWKG  WKHP WR WKH DPELHQW DWPRVSKHUH  0RUHRYHU WKH ORRS VKLIW QPWKHORRSVKLIWLVQRWVRPDUNHGEXWWKHORRSVKDSHLVFKDQJHG

2008 2nd IEEE International Nanoelectronics Conference (INEC 2008)

1063

)LJ&OXVWHUVL]HGHSHQGHQFHRID +F)&DQGE +HEH[WUDFWHGIURP )&K\VWHUHVLVORRSVDW.IRU)H&R)HDQG&RFOXVWHUDVVHPEOHG ILOPVUHVSHFWLYHO\

)LJ&OXVWHUVL]HGHSHQGHQFHRIFRHUFLYLW\+F H[WUDFWHGIURPWKH K\VWHUHVLV ORRSV DW D   . DQG E  . IRU )H&R )H DQG &R FOXVWHUDVVHPEOHGILOPVUHVSHFWLYHO\

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a2H DQG)HFOXVWHUDVVHPEOHGILOPVKDYHWKHVPDOOHVW+F YDOXHa2H ZKHUHDVWKH)H&RFOXVWHUDVVHPEOHGILOPV KDYHWKHPLGGOHRQHa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

1064

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

2008 2nd IEEE International Nanoelectronics Conference (INEC 2008)

FRXSOLQJLQWHUDFWLRQHIIHFWEHWZHHQIHUURPDJQHWLFFOXVWHUFRUHV DQGDQWLIHUURPDJQHWLFRUIHUULPDJQHWLFR[LGHVKHOOV



>@ >@

$&.12:/('*0(17 7KLV ZRUN ZDV SDUWO\ VXSSRUWHG E\ WKH 1DWLRQDO 1DWXUDO 6FLHQFH)RXQGDWLRQRI&KLQDXQGHU*UDQW1RDQGE\ WKH ,QWHOOHFWXDO &OXVWHU 3URMHFW RI WKH 0LQLVWU\ RI (GXFDWLRQ &XOWXUH 6SRUWV 6FLHQFH DQG 7HFKQRORJ\ -DSDQ $LFKL 3UHIHFWXUH 1DJR\D &LW\ DQG $LFKL 6FLHQFH DQG 7HFKQRORJ\ )RXQGDWLRQ

>@

>@ >@

 5()(5(1&(6 >@ >@ >@ >@ >@                                     

$ 6 (GHOVWHLQ DQG 5 & &DPPDUDWD HG  1DQRPDWHULDOV 6\QWKHVLV SURSHUWLHVDQG$SSOLFDWLRQV%ULVWRO,QVWLWXWHRI3K\VLFV 5+.RGDPD³0DJQHWLFQDQRSDUWLFOHV´-0DJQ0DJQ0DWHUYRO SS2FWREHU 4$3DQNKXUVW-&RQQROO\6.-RQHVDQG-'REVRQ³$SSOLFDWLRQV RIPDJQHWLFQDQRSDUWLFOHVLQELRPHGLFLQH´-3K\V'YROSS 55-XO\ 66XQ&%0XUUD\':HOOHU/)RONVDQG$0RVHU³0RQRGLVSHUVH )H3W1DQRSDUWLFOHVDQG)HUURPDJQHWLF)H3W1DQRFU\VWDO6XSHUODWWLFHV´ 6FLHQFHYROSS0DUFK &7%ODFN&%0XUUD\5/6DQGVWURPDQG66XQ³6SLQ'HSHQGHQW 7XQQHOLQJLQ6HOI$VVHPEOHG&REDOW1DQRFU\VWDO6XSHUODWWLFHV´6FLHQFH YROSS1RYHPEHU

>@ >@ >@ >@ >@ >@

6 6XQ DQG & % 0XUUD\ ³6\QWKHVLV RI PRQRGLVSHUVH FREDOW QDQRFU\VWDOV DQG WKHLU DVVHPEO\ LQWR PDJQHWLF VXSHUODWWLFHV´ - $SSO 3K\V9ROSS$SULO +*OHLWHU³1DQRFU\VWDOOLQHPDWHULDOV´3URJ0DWHU6FLYROSS $SULO 663DUNLQ10RUHDQG.35RFKH³2VFLOODWLRQVLQH[FKDQJH FRXSOLQJDQGPDJQHWRUHVLVWDQFHLQPHWDOOLFVXSHUODWWLFHVWUXFWXUHV &R5X&R&UDQG)H&U´3K\V5HY/HWW9ROSS0D\  &&.RFK³6\QWKHVLVRIQDQRVWUXFWXUHGPDWHULDOVE\PHFKDQLFDO PLOOLQJSUREOHPVDQGRSSRUWXQLWLHV´1DQRVWUXFW0DWHUYROSS  6%DQHUMHH65R\-:&KHQDQG'&KDNUDYRUW\³0DJQHWLF SURSHUWLHVRIR[LGHFRDWHGLURQQDQRSDUWLFOHVV\QWKHVL]HGE\ HOHFWURGHSRVLWLRQ´-0DJQ0DJQ0DWHUYROSS$XJXVW  6